CN104393930A - Device for improving spatial coherent light communication quality based on adaptive optics technology - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for improving the communication quality of spatial coherent light based on an adaptive optics technology, which comprises a telescope module, a wavefront corrector, a light splitting element, a coherent receiving module, a wavefront detector, a wavefront processor, a digital-to-analog converter and a high-voltage amplifier. The device corrects the influence of atmospheric turbulence through the adaptive optics technology, so that the laser communication receiving end can use a receiving telescope with a larger caliber under the condition of not increasing wavefront errors, and the receiving power is improved. The self-adaptive optical system effectively improves the phase matching degree of the signal laser and the local oscillator laser by compensating random dynamic wavefront aberration caused by atmospheric turbulence and inherent static wavefront aberration of the system, so that the frequency mixing efficiency is improved, and the aims of improving the signal-to-noise ratio and reducing the bit error rate are fulfilled finally.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of based on adaptive optics (Adaptive Optics, being called for short AO) technology improves the device of spatially coherent light communication quality, it is by the real-time wavefront correction of AO system, reduce the space wavefront error entering the flashlight of coherent reception module, thus improve the communication quality of spatial coherence optical communication system.
Background technology
Compared with traditional microwave communication, high as the laser space communication frequency of information carrier with laser, room and time coherence is good, launching beam is narrow, therefore have that code check is high, message capacity is large, antenna size is little, low in energy consumption, volume is little and confidentiality advantages of higher, be solve microwave communication bottleneck, build space-based broadband networks, realize the effective means of whole world high speed, real time communication, there is very large civilian and military application potential.
Laser space communication can be divided into noncoherent communication and coherent communication two kinds by receive mode.But, no matter the Project Realization situation from reality or the analysis result from theory all can be found out, adopt the noncoherent communication system of intensity modulated/direct detection (IM/DD) antagonism bias light jamming performance weak, cannot to reach under real free space environment or close to the detectivity limit, to be not enough to fully to obtain the broadband advantage that laser carrier brings.
And coherent communication system adopts local oscillator laser and the signal laser through atmospheric turbulance to carry out interference mixing, and then extract data message (as shown in Figure 1).The great advantage which is brought is the restriction of not thermal noise, can reach or close to the receiving sensitivity of shot noise limit.Simultaneously owing to adopting coherent reception mechanism, system is made to have very strong anti-background noise jamming performance.These features make spatial coherence communication be particularly suitable for transmission code rate in several or dozens of Gbps, transmission range in the laser space communication of tens thousand of km.
As the key of space optical communication development, the foundation of atmospheric communication link is absolutely necessary a ring, and it is the tie connecting satellite optical network and terrestrial optical network, is one of key technology realizing global Incorporate optical-fiber network.Unfortunately, the decay of signal not only can be there is when laser signal transmits in an atmosphere, and the refractive index random fluctuation that causes of atmospheric turbulance will cause transmitting the random fluctuation of laser intensity, phase place and transmission direction, these effects are degenerated making the coherence of transmission laser, the serious transmission quality reducing light beam.
Suppress the way of atmospheric turbulance impact to have multiple, existing solution, while raising communication quality, also exists respective problem: the power limited of high-power launch scenario; Large aperture reception programme size-constrained; The equivalence transmitting bore of incoherent multiple aperture launch scenario is limited, and is not too applicable to the communication system of coherent modulation.
Adaptive optical technique is for solving atmospheric turbulance problem and a subject that emergence and development gets up, having become the requisite key technology in astronomical imaging field at present.ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS generally includes the parts such as wave front detector, wave-front corrector and wavefront controller.The operation principle of ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS is: carry out accurate detection in real time by Wavefront sensor to dynamic optical wave front aberration, then the control voltage that control algorithm obtains wave-front corrector is carried out, complete the closed loop compensation to detected wavefront error, thus suppress the random wave front aberration effect such as atmospheric turbulance on the impact of various optical imaging system and transmission laser system.
Up to now, adaptive optics success is applied in noncoherent communication systems, and its operation principle as shown in Figure 2.In theoretical analysis and simulation, mainly with the Tyson of the U.S. for main have studied various turbulent-flow conditions under, adaptive optical technique is to the improvement ability of the error rate of space optical communication system.Result shows, the use of adaptive optical technique in improved action is clearly in weak atmospheric turbulance situation, the error rate of communication system can be made to improve several order of magnitude [Robert K Tyson, Bit-error rate for free-space adaptive optics laser communications.J.Opt.Soc.Am.A, 2002.19 (4): p.753-758.].Experiment aspect, Japan Post(Japan Postal Service) province Communication Studies room (CRL) adopted adaptive optical technique to carry out the laser communication lecture experiment between ground station and international space station in 1999, the ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS that result shows to be arranged on ground station can be improved the coupling efficiency in down link to a great extent and suppress the beam drift in up link, improve communication quality [KH Kudielka, Y.Hayano, W.Klaus, K.Araki, Y.Arimoto, J.Uchida.Low-order adaptiveoptics system for free-space lasercom:design and performance analysis.in Proc.2nd Internationalworkshop on adaptive optics for industry and medicine, Singapore.2000.].U.S. Lao Lunsi-livre More National Laboratory (LLNL) adopted adaptive optical technique to carry out oblique journey 28.2km optical communication Numerical Experiment near the ground in 2002, under medium turbulent-flow conditions, after ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS corrects, coupling efficiency brings up to 55% from 20%, add 2.5 times of [S.C.Wilks, J.R.Morris, J.M.Brase, S.S.Olivier, J.R.Henderson, C.A.Thompson, M.W.Kartz, AJ Ruggerio.Modeling of adaptive optics-based free-space communications systems.in International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology.2002.International Society forOptics and Photonics.].No matter can find out, be theory analysis or experimental study, all shown that ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS effectively can correct the impact of turbulent flow, improves the performance of communication system.
But be limited to the communication mechanism of noncoherent communication itself, the improvement of adaptive optics to communication performance is equally also restricted.In order to more give full play to the usefulness of adaptive optics, space optical communication researcher has started to inquire into and has planned ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS to be incorporated into [Mark Gregory in coherent communication system, Frank Heine, Hartmut Kampfner, RobertLange, Coherent inter-satellite and satellite-ground laser links.Proc.of SPIE, 2011.7923:p.792303.].By the mode of this combination among the strong ones, the advantage that adaptive optics corrects atmospheric turbulance disturbance can be given full play to, the advantage that coherent laser communication is anti-interference by force, receiving sensitivity is high can be played again, finally realize the long distance under various turbulent-flow conditions, high code check, high performance atmospheric laser communication.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the impact of atmospheric turbulance on spatially coherent light communication performance, and a kind of device improving spatially coherent light communication quality based on AO technology proposed.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of device improving spatially coherent light communication quality based on adaptive optical technique, comprises telescope module, wave-front corrector, beam splitter, coherent reception module, wave front detector, Wavefront processor, digital to analog converter and high-voltage amplifier; Telescope module, wave-front corrector, beam splitter, coherent reception module are placed in the incident direction of flashlight successively; Beam splitter is divided into two parts incident laser, and a part enters coherent reception module, and a part enters wave front detector; Wave front detector, Wavefront processor, digital to analog converter, high-voltage amplifier, wave-front corrector are connected by data wire successively; Telescope module realizes the Acquisition tracking and pointing of signal laser and the function of collecting light signal; Wave-front corrector realizes the compensation correction to the distorted wavefront of signal laser; The coherent reception module signal laser received that achieves a butt joint carries out coherent demodulation; Wave front detector realizes detection to remaining wavefront error, and detection information is passed to Wavefront processor carries out data processing, and Processing Algorithm adopts direct slope method or type method; Wavefront processor passes to digital-to-analogue converter the data processed, and to complete digital-to-analogue conversion, and passes to high-voltage amplifier; High-voltage amplifier passes to the correction of wave-front corrector realization to distorted wavefront after carrying out amplification to signal.
Further, this device also comprises integral inclined wave-front corrector, and it is connected with high-voltage amplifier by data wire, and the output signal of high-voltage amplifier controls integral inclined wave-front corrector respectively and wave-front corrector carries out wavefront correction work.
Further, described telescope module can be reflective structure, also can be transmission-type structure.
Further, described wave-front corrector can be the distorting lens of continuous surface type or the distorting lens of discrete type.
Further, described wave front detector is Hartman wavefront detector or shearing interferometer or curvature sensor or rectangular pyramid wave front detector.
Further, described coherent reception module is homodyne coherent detection module or heterodyne coherent detection module or autodyne coherent detection module.
Further, described coherent reception module can be based on optical fiber or based on space, also can be space and fiber mix.
The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art:
In order to overcome the impact of atmospheric turbulance, usually need to adopt small-bore (being usually less than 10cm) to receive communicate optical signal.But small-bore reception can cause light intensity flicker to increase, the small-bore luminous power that can receive is limited simultaneously, can not realize the spatial coherent laser communication of high code check and the long distance of tens thousand of kilometer.This discovery corrects the impact of atmospheric turbulance by adaptive optical technique, has following advantage.
(1) telescope of larger Receiver aperture can be used to receive, telescope bore can be tens centimetres to more than several meters, ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS can compensate the position that atmospheric turbulance causes and rise and fall mutually, thus reduce the stochastic and dynamic wave front aberration that causes of atmospheric turbulance and the intrinsic static wave front aberration of system, thus effectively can improve the mixing efficiency of signal laser and local oscillator laser, and then improve signal to noise ratio, the reduction error rate.
(2) owing to adopting collection with large aperture, the light intensity flicker of the signal laser received can weaken further, thus improves signal to noise ratio further.
(3) owing to adopting collection with large aperture, the luminous power of reception is enough strong, makes the high code check spatial coherence optical communication of several Gbps to dozens or even hundreds of Gbps become possibility.
Can find out, the device of communication quality is improved based on adaptive optical technique correction space coherent optical communication wavefront error, can the disturbance of the dynamic atmospheric turbulance of real time correction, the bore of receiving telescope can be done greatly, thus realize in long distance under weak atmospheric turbulance condition, high code check, high performance atmospheric laser communication.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of air coherent laser communication;
Fig. 2 is the application principle block diagram of AO technology in incoherent atmosphere laser communication system;
Fig. 3 is that the AO technology of single wave-front corrector improves spatially coherent light communication quality installation drawing; Wherein: 1-telescope module, 2-wave-front corrector, 3-beam splitter, 4-coherent reception module, 5-wave front detector, 6-Wavefront processor, 7-digital to analog converter, 8-high-voltage amplifier;
Fig. 4 is that the AO technology of double wave front calibrator improves spatially coherent light communication quality installation drawing, wherein: the integral inclined wave-front corrector of 9-;
Fig. 5 is the specific embodiment block diagram that AO system is applied to spatial coherence optical communication.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of device improving spatially coherent light communication quality based on adaptive optical technique, see Fig. 3, be characterised in that: comprise telescope module 1, wave-front corrector 2, beam splitter 3, coherent reception module 4, wave front detector 5, Wavefront processor 6, digital to analog converter 7, high-voltage amplifier 8; Telescope module 1, wave-front corrector 2, beam splitter 3, coherent reception module 4 are placed in the incident direction of flashlight successively; Beam splitter is divided into two parts incident laser, and a part enters coherent reception module 4, and a part enters wave front detector 5; Wave front detector 5, Wavefront processor 6, digital to analog converter 7, high-voltage amplifier 8, wave-front corrector 2 are connected by data wire successively; Telescope module 1 realizes the Acquisition tracking and pointing of signal laser and the function of collecting light signal; Wave-front corrector 2 realizes the compensation correction of the distorted wavefront to signal laser; Coherent reception module 4 signal laser received that achieves a butt joint carries out coherent demodulation; Wave front detector 5 realizes the detection to remaining wavefront error, and detection information is passed to Wavefront processor 6 carries out data processing, and data processing adopts direct slope method; Wavefront processor 6 passes to digital-to-analogue converter 7 the data processed, and to complete digital-to-analogue conversion, and passes to high-voltage amplifier 8; The correction that wave-front corrector 2 realizes distorted wavefront is passed to after high-voltage amplifier 8 pairs of signals carry out amplifying.
A kind of device improving communication quality based on adaptive optical technique correction space coherent optical communication wavefront error, see Fig. 4, it is characterized in that: also comprise integral inclined wave-front corrector 9, it is connected with high-voltage amplifier 8 by data wire, and the output signal of high-voltage amplifier 8 controls integral inclined wave-front corrector 9 respectively and wave-front corrector 2 carries out wavefront correction work.
Improve a device for communication quality based on adaptive optical technique correction space coherent optical communication wavefront error, it is characterized in that: described telescope module 1 can be reflective structure, also can be transmission-type structure.
Improve a device for communication quality based on adaptive optical technique correction space coherent optical communication wavefront error, it is characterized in that: described wave-front corrector 2 can be the distorting lens of continuous surface type or the distorting lens of discrete type.
Improve the device of communication quality based on adaptive optical technique correction space coherent optical communication wavefront error, it is characterized in that: described wave front detector 5 is Hartman wavefront detector or shearing interferometer or curvature sensor or rectangular pyramid wave front detector.
Improve the device of communication quality based on adaptive optical technique correction space coherent optical communication wavefront error, it is characterized in that: described coherent reception module 4 is homodyne coherent detection module or heterodyne coherent detection module or autodyne coherent detection module.
Improve a device for communication quality based on adaptive optical technique correction space coherent optical communication wavefront error, it is characterized in that: described coherent reception module 4 can be based on optical fiber or based on space, also can be space and fiber mix.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 5, at transmitting terminal, data waiting for transmission through driver amplify after, by phase-modulator data signal modulation in the phase place of the signal laser produced by signal laser.Modulated laser completes to close with the beacon laser sent by beacon beam laser and restraints in fibre optical transmission system, is sent together by transmitter-telescope.
Flashlight and beacon beam are after atmospheric turbulence channels, received by telescope module 1, then after integral inclined wave-front corrector 9 and wave-front corrector 2 correct successively, the element 3 that is split is divided into two bundles: a branch of is beacon beam, reflected into into wave front detector 5, another bundle is flashlight, is through and enters coherent reception module 4.
Beacon beam enters wave front detector 5, to realize the detection to remaining wavefront error, and detection information is passed to Wavefront processor 6 carries out data processing; Wavefront processor 6 passes to digital-to-analogue converter 7 the data processed, and to complete digital-to-analogue conversion, and passes to high-voltage amplifier 8; The correction that wave-front corrector 2 and integral inclined wave-front corrector 9 realize distorted wavefront is passed to after high-voltage amplifier 8 pairs of signals amplify.
Wherein telescope module 1 is autocollimator, and two faces are parabola, and directional light enters, and directional light exports; Integral inclined wave-front corrector 9 is tilting mirror, realizes correcting the dynamic realtime on atmospheric turbulance inclination corrugated; Wave-front corrector 2 is continuous surface type distorting lens; Beam splitter 3 is color separation film, and reflection beacon beam, through flashlight; Wave front detector 5 is Hartman wavefront detector.Wavefront processor 6 adopts direct slope method to carry out the calculating of control signal.
Coherent reception module 4 is the homodyne coherent detection modules based on optical fiber, realizes the coherent demodulation to signal laser.Signal laser enters monomode fiber through coupling fiber by spatial light after entering coherent demodulation module.Local oscillator laser and signal laser enter 90 ° of optical mixer units and carry out mixing, and the laser after mixing is detected by two balanced detector and receives, and the output of two-way balanced detector is divided into parallel component and vertical component respectively.The output signal of two-way balanced detector is after the process that is multiplied, and after loop filtering, controlling local oscillator laser, to carry out frequency locking phase-locked.The balance component that balanced detector exports obtains base band data through A/D sampling judgement, can supply error code testing.
Non-elaborated part of the present invention belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Describing above is for realizing the present invention and embodiment, scope of the present invention should not limited by this description, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, any modification or partial replacement do not departed from the scope of the present invention, the scope all belonging to the claims in the present invention to limit.
Claims (7)
1. improve a device for spatially coherent light communication quality based on adaptive optical technique, it is characterized in that: comprise telescope module (1), wave-front corrector (2), beam splitter (3), coherent reception module (4), wave front detector (5), Wavefront processor (6), digital to analog converter (7) and high-voltage amplifier (8); Telescope module (1), wave-front corrector (2), beam splitter (3), coherent reception module (4) are placed in the incident direction of flashlight successively; Beam splitter is divided into two parts incident laser, and a part enters coherent reception module (4), and a part enters wave front detector (5); Wave front detector (5), Wavefront processor (6), digital to analog converter (7), high-voltage amplifier (8), wave-front corrector (2) are connected by data wire successively; Telescope module (1) realizes the Acquisition tracking and pointing of signal laser and the function of collecting light signal; Wave-front corrector (2) realizes the compensation correction to the distorted wavefront of signal laser; Coherent reception module (4) signal laser received that achieves a butt joint carries out coherent demodulation; Wave front detector (5) realizes detection to remaining wavefront error, and detection information is passed to Wavefront processor (6) carries out data processing; Wavefront processor (6) passes to digital-to-analogue converter (7) the data processed, and to complete digital-to-analogue conversion, and passes to high-voltage amplifier (8); High-voltage amplifier (8) passes to the correction of wave-front corrector (2) realization to distorted wavefront after carrying out amplification to signal.
2. the device improving spatially coherent light communication quality based on adaptive optical technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise integral inclined wave-front corrector (9), it is connected with high-voltage amplifier (8) by data wire, and the output signal of high-voltage amplifier (8) controls integral inclined wave-front corrector (9) respectively and wave-front corrector (2) carries out wavefront correction work.
3. the device improving spatially coherent light communication quality based on adaptive optical technique according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described telescope module (1) can be reflective structure, also can be transmission-type structure.
4. the device improving spatially coherent light communication quality based on adaptive optical technique according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described wave-front corrector (2) can be the distorting lens of continuous surface type or the distorting lens of discrete type.
5. the device improving spatially coherent light communication quality based on adaptive optical technique according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described wave front detector (5) is Hartman wavefront detector or shearing interferometer or curvature sensor or rectangular pyramid wave front detector.
6. the device improving spatially coherent light communication quality based on adaptive optical technique according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: described coherent reception module (4) is homodyne coherent detection module or heterodyne coherent detection module or autodyne coherent detection module.
7. the device improving spatially coherent light communication quality based on adaptive optical technique according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described coherent reception module (4) can be based on optical fiber or based on space, also can be space and fiber mix.
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