CN104385377A - Timber sawing method and timber sawing equipment for timbers with similar densities - Google Patents
Timber sawing method and timber sawing equipment for timbers with similar densities Download PDFInfo
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- CN104385377A CN104385377A CN201410553320.XA CN201410553320A CN104385377A CN 104385377 A CN104385377 A CN 104385377A CN 201410553320 A CN201410553320 A CN 201410553320A CN 104385377 A CN104385377 A CN 104385377A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002591 computed tomography Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000132014 Baccharis neglecta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000274847 Betula papyrifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009113 Betula papyrifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009109 Betula pendula Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010928 Betula populifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002992 Betula pubescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004528 Catalpa ovata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010005 Catalpa ovata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000565359 Fraxinus chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000565391 Fraxinus mandshurica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001139304 Larix gmelinii var. olgensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000351396 Picea asperata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011615 Pinus koraiensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007263 Pinus koraiensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000038346 Populus ussuriensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002871 Tectona grandis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000793823 Tilia amurensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001149163 Ulmus americana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013439 planning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013316 zoning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- B27B5/00—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor
- B27B5/02—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor characterised by a special purpose only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- B27B5/00—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor
- B27B5/29—Details; Component parts; Accessories
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a timber sawing method for timbers with similar densities. The method comprises the following steps: (1) performing CT (Computed Tomography) on a timber to obtain a CT value of the timber; (2) calculating a density value of the timber; (3) inputting a contour parameter of the to-be-sawed timber, inputting parameters and saw kerf width of a to-be-sawed dimension board to a computer to perform operation of the least remnant function to obtain a timber preliminary sawing layout with the least remnant; (4) performing density value comparison in the thickness value of the preset dimension board to perform layout work; (5) outputting a layout drawing and raw material consumption statistical information, and sawing the timber into the dimension board according to the layout result. The invention also discloses timber sawing equipment. The distribution of the timber density is detected through the CT, and sawing layout is performed on the timber with the least remnant function to guarantee that the density values at any two point of each dimension board are not greater than 6 percent, so that a high-quality stable dimension board is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of log sawing, is specifically related to a kind of similar density material log saw flitch method and sawmilling equipment.
Background technology
Forest is the very important resources of the mankind, and for many years because China forest is seriously felled, the forest reserves fall sharply, and the supply of timber far can not meet actual demand.In order to realize the sustainable development of timber, we must further investigate arboreal growth rule, try to explore the Silvicultural Measures meeting arboreal growth, strengthen wood structure and property Quality Research, improve its comprehensive utilization ratio and cyclic utilization rate, rationally draw materials, economize on material.
Timber is carried out zoning by growth annual ring, wood grain and density, divide into core district, fine and close timber district, timber district, center, near sapwood district and sapwood district, bark district, bark sapwood and core all can not be used in principle.
Because the physical property such as density, color and luster, shrinkage of the identical material in class material region is basically identical; The basically identical timber sawmilling of the physical properties such as density, color and luster, shrinkage belongs to same sheet material, and this sheet material is more stable, sheet material stable like this, be used for making the words of furniture, furniture is also very stable, decreases the chance of cracking, distortion appearance, furniture stable performance.
In the wild, in its growth course, the normal effect by various interior external factor, makes normal material change or destroy to wood grows.According to China's national regulation, all being presented on timber can reduce its quality, affects the various shortcomings that it uses, is defects in timber.The defect of timber is divided into ten large classes by country: knot, crackle, variable color, rotten, insect pest, stem form defect, wood structure defect, scar (damage), timber manufacturing deficiency and distortion, above-mentioned various defect makes wood quality be affected to some extent, so that reduction log grade even makes log lose use value completely.
But, still lack the technology or the equipment that the density of log or defect are first detected to rear sawing at present.
Summary of the invention
This invention is not enough for current art, one is provided not destroy timber itself, and character, the position of density of wood and defective locations can be detected fast, according to the position of this Density Distribution, defect property and position arrangement sawing, width and thickness, obtain the sheet material of stable performance.
The present invention also provides a kind of sawmilling equipment.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for achieving the above object is:
A kind of similar density material log saw flitch method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) tomography CT scan is carried out to log, read wood information, obtain the CT value of log, comprise log diameter, length, bark thickness showed, show with image format;
(2) the timber CT value that basis is default and the linear equation of density value, calculate the density value of log;
(3) from the tomography CT scan of step (1), input the appearance profile parameter of log for sawing, obtain the maximum inscribed circle radius of the little end surface of log, input the length of the dimension board of required sawing, width, thickness parameter and saw kerf width to computer, carry out the computing of minimum clout function, minimum clout function is
R is log little end surface maximum inscribed circle radius, p is that same little end surface discharges dimension board number, the number of q to be 1/2 dimension board number and v be 1/4 dimension board, swage set loss J ≈ p (2H+2W) w+q (H+2W) w+v (1/2 × H+2W) w, w is saw kerf width, H and W is respectively dimension board width and thickness, obtains the minimum log of clout and saws stock layout tentatively down;
(4) after preliminary lower saw stock layout completes, carry out density value comparison in the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of default dimension board, in the scope of this one-tenth-value thickness 1/10, in each block specifications plate of the whether lower saw stock layout of detection, the density value of any two points is more or less the same in 6%;
When having the density value of 2 to differ by more than 6% in a wherein block specifications plate, stock layout again being carried out to this dimension board and neighbouring dimension board, makes again the density value of any two points of the dimension board after stock layout be more or less the same in 6%;
When the density value of any two points of the whole dimension boards after stock layout is more or less the same in 6%, complete stock layout work;
(5) Layout and raw materials consumption statistical information is exported; Be every block sheet material establishment NC code according to job scheduling instruction, by the result of stock layout, log saw be cut into dimension board.
As further improvement, step (5) is further comprising the steps of:
(51) clockwise, surrounding flaw-piece and bark are removed in sawing;
(52) clockwise, sawing goes surrounding density value in sapwood region to be more or less the same in the dimension board of 6%;
(53) clockwise, sawing goes density value in wood zone, surrounding center to be more or less the same in the dimension board of 6%;
(54) clockwise, sawing goes density value in the fine and close wood zone of surrounding to be more or less the same in the dimension board of 6%;
(55) clockwise, sawing goes density value in surrounding core area to be more or less the same in the dimension board of 6%.
As further improvement, in described step (1), repeatedly irradiate timber with CT machine, scanning voltage 80KV ~ 100KV, sweep current 30mA ~ 80mA, Scan slice thickness is 5mm ~ 10mm, obtains log cross-section scan image, and outputs in display.
Preset the linear equation D=1.03455+0.001007 ﹡ CT value of CT value and density value, D is density of wood, unit g/cm
3, the unit of CT value is Hu;
Each scanning slice chooses the CT value of 40 points, obtains corresponding density value by CT value to the linear equation computing of density value.
A kind of sawmilling equipment implementing above-mentioned similar density material log saw flitch method, sawmilling equipment comprises computer, computer is connected to tomography CT Scanner, the linear equation of timber CT value and density value is provided with in computer, minimum clout function, tomography CT Scanner carries out tomography CT scan to log, read wood information, obtain the CT value of log, this CT value is transported in computer, computer mark marks crackle in log, knot, the size and location of small holes caused by worms defect, and show with image format, and according to the timber CT value preset and the linear equation of density value, calculate the density value of log,
The dimension board length of sawing, width, thickness parameter and saw kerf width are needed to computer input, obtain the minimum log of clout according to the minimum clout function preset and saw stock layout tentatively down, density value in each block specifications plate of comparison, ensure that the density value of any two points in each block specifications plate is not more than 6%, export Layout and raw materials consumption statistical information.
Described sawmilling equipment also comprises level and vertically disposed two numerical control saw frames, the mutual vertical state at a right angle of two saw blades in two numerical control saw frames is arranged, horizontal saw blade and vertical saw blade are arranged vertically, the projection of edge on log cross section of the cutting tip of two saw blades intersects at a point, two numerical control saw frames be jointly arranged on one horizontal walk on servounit arm, this horizontal walk servounit arm connect described computer.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention is detected by the distribution of tomography CT scan to density of wood, and with minimum clout function, lower saw stock layout is carried out to log, ensure that the density value of any two points of every block specifications plate is not more than 6%, thus obtain the dimension board sheet material of high-quality stable.
Tomography CT scan carries out overall scanning to log, in the scanning slice of tomography CT Scanner setting, choose the CT value of 40 points, obtain corresponding density value by CT value to the linear equation computing of density value, obtain the density value distribution in log fast, facilitate follow-up density value contrast.
By minimum clout functional operation, after obtaining the tentatively lower saw stock layout of the minimum log of clout, the dimension board of every block stock layout is carried out independent density value to detect, ensure that the density value of any two points of every block specifications plate is more or less the same in 6%, guarantee the stability of the sheet material after sawing.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described in more detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the tomography CT scan log of the present embodiment;
Fig. 2 be the Layout of the dimension board of the present embodiment just;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the sawmilling equipment of the present embodiment;
Fig. 4 is that the sawmilling equipment of the present embodiment faces structural representation.
In figure: 1. log, 11. dimension boards, 2. horizontal saw blade, 3. vertical saw blade.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment, see Fig. 1 ~ 2, the similar density material log saw flitch method that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprises the following steps:
(1) tomography CT scan is carried out to log 1, read log 1 information, obtain the CT value of log 1, comprise log 1 diameter, length, bark thickness showed; Specifically repeatedly irradiate timber with CT machine, scanning voltage 80KV ~ 100KV, sweep current 30mA ~ 80mA, Scan slice thickness is 5mm ~ 10mm, obtains log 1 cross-sectional scans image, shows with image format;
(2) the timber CT value that basis is default and the linear equation of density value, calculate the density value of log 1;
Preset the linear equation D=1.03455+0.001007 ﹡ CT value of CT value and density value, D is density of wood, unit g/cm
3, the unit of CT value is Hu;
Each scanning slice chooses the CT value of 40 points, obtains corresponding density value by CT value to the linear equation computing of density value; A log 1 is divided into 20 ~ 40 scanning slices; Calculate the density value of the point chosen in each scanning slice according to above-mentioned linear equation, and be transported in computer and add up;
(3) from the tomography CT scan of step (1), input the appearance profile parameter of log 1 for sawing, obtain the maximum inscribed circle radius of the little end surface of log 1, input the length of the dimension board 11 of required sawing, width, thickness parameter and saw kerf width to computer, carry out the computing of minimum clout function, minimum clout function is
R is log 1 little end surface maximum inscribed circle radius, p is that same little end surface discharges dimension board 11 number, the number of q to be 1/2 dimension board 11 number and v be 1/4 dimension board 11, swage set loss J ≈ p (2H+2W) w+q (H+2W) w+v (1/2 × H+2W) w, w is saw kerf width, H and W is respectively dimension board 11 width and thickness, obtain the minimum log of clout 1 preliminary under saw stock layout; The sheet material that 1/2 dimension board 11 is 1/2H × W sheet material, 1/4 dimension board 11 is 1/4H × W;
(4) after preliminary lower saw stock layout completes, carry out density value comparison in the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of default dimension board 11, in the scope of this one-tenth-value thickness 1/10, in each block specifications plate 11 of the whether lower saw stock layout of detection, the density value of any two points is more or less the same in 6%;
When having the density value of 2 to differ by more than 6% in a wherein block specifications plate 11, stock layout again being carried out to this dimension board 11 and neighbouring dimension board 11, makes again the density value of any two points of the dimension board 11 after stock layout be more or less the same in 6%;
When the density value of any two points of the whole dimension boards 11 after stock layout is more or less the same in 6%, complete stock layout work;
(5) Layout and raw materials consumption statistical information is exported; Be every block sheet material establishment NC code according to job scheduling instruction, by the result of stock layout, log 1 sawing become dimension board 11;
(51) clockwise, surrounding flaw-piece and bark are removed in sawing;
(52) clockwise, sawing goes surrounding density value in sapwood region to be more or less the same in the dimension board 11 of 6%;
(53) clockwise, sawing goes density value in wood zone, surrounding center to be more or less the same in the dimension board 11 of 6%;
(54) clockwise, sawing goes density value in the fine and close wood zone of surrounding to be more or less the same in the dimension board 11 of 6%;
(55) clockwise, sawing goes density value in surrounding core area to be more or less the same in the dimension board 11 of 6%.
In the present embodiment, step (4) complete preliminary under saw stock layout, the Mathematical Modeling of log 1 time saw is set up by the analytic method of Mathematical Planning, by rectangular coordinate system, corresponding relation is set up by having ordinal number pair and log 1 point spatially, use the method for algebraically to solve the shape of log 1 space diagram, size and position relationship thereof, realize log 1 time saw Mathematical Modeling.
See Fig. 3 ~ Fig. 4, the present embodiment also provides a kind of sawmilling equipment, sawmilling equipment comprises computer, computer is connected to tomography CT Scanner, the linear equation of timber CT value and density value is provided with in computer, minimum clout function, tomography CT Scanner carries out tomography CT scan to log 1, read log 1 information, obtain the CT value of log 1, this CT value is transported in computer, computer mark marks crackle in log 1, knot, the size and location of small holes caused by worms defect, and show with image format, and according to the timber CT value preset and the linear equation of density value, calculate the density value of log 1,
Dimension board 11 length of sawing, width, thickness parameter and saw kerf width are needed to computer input, according to the minimum clout function preset obtain the minimum log of clout 1 preliminary under saw stock layout, density value in each block specifications plate 11 of comparison, ensure that the density value of any two points in each block specifications plate 11 is not more than 6%, export Layout and raw materials consumption statistical information.
Described sawmilling equipment also comprises level and vertically disposed two numerical control saw frames, the mutual vertical state at a right angle of two saw blades in two numerical control saw frames is arranged, horizontal saw blade 2 and vertical saw blade 3 are arranged vertically, the projection of edge on log 1 cross section of the cutting tip of two saw blades intersects at a point, two numerical control saw frames be jointly arranged on one horizontal walk on servounit arm, this horizontal walk servounit arm connect described computer.
This horizontal walk servounit arm connect computer, when computer is every block sheet material establishment NC code according to job scheduling instruction, computer NC code is transported to horizontal walk in servounit arm, horizontal walk servounit arm automatically log saw is cut into dimension board.
Tomography CT Scanner is made up of four parts: radiographic source, mechanical scanning system, data collecting system, display and storage system, and this tomography CT Scanner connects computer.
The similar density material log 1 sawmilling method that the present embodiment provides is applicable to Korean pine, dragon spruce, larch in Xinanlin area, American elm, look wood, dry land willow, larix olgensis, teak, Chinese catalpa wood, tilia amurensis, toothed oak wood, white birch, log 1 timber such as populus ussuriensis, Chinese ash, Manchurian ash.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, adopt or approximation method identical with the above embodiment of the present invention or equipment, and other obtaining carries out log saw flitch method and sawmilling equipment by similar density material, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a similar density material log saw flitch method, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) tomography CT scan is carried out to log, read wood information, obtain the CT value of log, comprise log diameter, length, bark thickness showed, show with image format;
(2) the timber CT value that basis is default and the linear equation of density value, calculate the density value of log;
(3) from the tomography CT scan of step (1), input the appearance profile parameter of log for sawing, obtain the maximum inscribed circle radius of the little end surface of log, input the length of the dimension board of required sawing, width, thickness parameter and saw kerf width to computer, carry out the computing of minimum clout function, minimum clout function is
R is log little end surface maximum inscribed circle radius, p is that same little end surface discharges dimension board number, the number of q to be 1/2 dimension board number and v be 1/4 dimension board, swage set loss J ≈ p (2H+2W) w+q (H+2W) w+v (1/2 × H+2W) w, w is saw kerf width, H and W is respectively dimension board width and thickness, obtains the minimum log of clout and saws stock layout tentatively down;
(4) after preliminary lower saw stock layout completes, carry out density value comparison in the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of default dimension board, in the scope of this one-tenth-value thickness 1/10, in each block specifications plate of the whether lower saw stock layout of detection, the density value of any two points is more or less the same in 6%;
When having the density value of 2 to differ by more than 6% in a wherein block specifications plate, stock layout again being carried out to this dimension board and neighbouring dimension board, makes again the density value of any two points of the dimension board after stock layout be more or less the same in 6%;
When the density value of any two points of the whole dimension boards after stock layout is more or less the same in 6%, complete stock layout work;
(5) Layout and raw materials consumption statistical information is exported; Be every block sheet material establishment NC code according to job scheduling instruction, by the result of stock layout, log saw be cut into dimension board.
2. similar density material log saw flitch method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (5) is further comprising the steps of:
(51) clockwise, surrounding flaw-piece and bark are removed in sawing;
(52) clockwise, sawing goes surrounding density value in sapwood region to be more or less the same in the dimension board of 6%;
(53) clockwise, sawing goes density value in wood zone, surrounding center to be more or less the same in the dimension board of 6%;
(54) clockwise, sawing goes density value in the fine and close wood zone of surrounding to be more or less the same in the dimension board of 6%;
(55) clockwise, sawing goes density value in surrounding core area to be more or less the same in the dimension board of 6%.
3. similar density material log saw flitch method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), repeatedly timber is irradiated with CT machine, scanning voltage 80KV ~ 100KV, sweep current 30mA ~ 80mA, Scan slice thickness is 5mm ~ 10mm, obtain log cross-section scan image, and output in display.
4. similar density material log saw flitch method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, preset the linear equation D=1.03455+0.001007 ﹡ CT value of CT value and density value, D is density of wood, unit g/cm
3, the unit of CT value is Hu;
Each scanning slice chooses the CT value of 40 points, obtains corresponding density value by CT value to the linear equation computing of density value.
5. one kind implements the claims the sawmilling equipment of one of 1 ~ 4 described similar density material log saw flitch method, it is characterized in that, sawmilling equipment comprises computer, computer is connected to tomography CT Scanner, the linear equation of timber CT value and density value, minimum clout function is provided with in computer, tomography CT Scanner carries out tomography CT scan to log, read wood information, obtain the CT value of log, this CT value is transported in computer, and with image format display, and according to the timber CT value preset and the linear equation of density value, calculate the density value of log;
The dimension board length of sawing, width, thickness parameter and saw kerf width are needed to computer input, obtain the minimum log of clout according to the minimum clout function preset and saw stock layout tentatively down, density value in each block specifications plate of comparison, ensure that the density value of any two points in each block specifications plate is not more than 6%, export Layout and raw materials consumption statistical information.
6. sawmilling equipment according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described sawmilling equipment also comprises level and vertically disposed two numerical control saw frames, the mutual vertical state at a right angle of two saw blades in two numerical control saw frames is arranged, horizontal saw blade and vertical saw blade are arranged vertically, the projection of edge on log cross section of the cutting tip of two saw blades intersects at a point, two numerical control saw frames be jointly arranged on one horizontal walk on servounit arm, this horizontal walk servounit arm connect described computer.
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| CN104827541A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-08-12 | 福建农林大学 | High-outturn-rate spruce defect-free quarter-sawed sheet cutting method |
| CN104999520A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-28 | 淮南市巨惠工贸有限公司 | Intelligent selecting device of three-dimensional view |
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| CN104385377B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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