CN104381125A - Authentication method of rice blast disease resistant breeding material - Google Patents
Authentication method of rice blast disease resistant breeding material Download PDFInfo
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- CN104381125A CN104381125A CN201410662267.7A CN201410662267A CN104381125A CN 104381125 A CN104381125 A CN 104381125A CN 201410662267 A CN201410662267 A CN 201410662267A CN 104381125 A CN104381125 A CN 104381125A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an authentication method of rice blast disease resistant breeding material, belonging to the technical field of rice genetic improvement breeding design. The authentication method is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting a piece of rice field with rice blast morbidity capable of representing an objective area as a test disease garden point, constructing a test authentication network by the test disease garden points at different objective areas with morbidity in gradient difference; planting the same set of rice breeding materials for testing in various test disease garden points of the test authentication network according to test design requirement, screening and authenticating the rice breeding materials which are used for testing and are capable of adapting to different disease pressures according to the growth conditions of the rice breeding materials for testing and temperature, illumination, humidity and other data of different disease garden points in the test authentication network. The screening of the breeding materials is performed in a classification manner, so that the disease resistance and the agronomic trait of the breeding materials are both considered, so that the screening efficiency of the breeding materials can be improved; the authentication method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of being high in test accuracy, high in efficiency and low in cost.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of authentication method of rice anti-rice blast breeding material, belong to rice genetic improvement Design of breeding program technical field.
Background technology:
Paddy rice is one of three large cereal crops in the world, and it originates from tropical mire area, is the wet class crop of typical happiness temperature happiness.By the impact of its biological property, paddy growth is in temperature, humidity synchronous season, and therebetween, pest disaster is often also very serious on its impact grown, and rice blast is exactly one of wherein main pest disaster.
When rice blast occurs, the fungal disease that piricularia oryzae (Pyricularia oryzae) encroached water rice plants tissue produces, the different parts of rice plant can be made to fall ill, produce disease class, make the paddy rice underproduction, paddy rice also may be made time serious to have no harvest, and therefore, rice blast is the first disease of Rice Production in the world.
Breeding for disease resistance is a kind of highly effective method alleviating rice blast impact.By the approach of breeding for disease resistance, strengthen the disease-resistant performance of paddy rice, reach the object alleviating rice blast loss.
Because the biological strain of rice blast is more, the specialization of the Resistance genes of vice corresponding to not homophylic Disease-causing gene has larger difference, and the change of rice blast dominant race is than comparatively fast, in order to extend the effective life of educated disease-resistant improved seeds, just increase the selection dynamics of lesion during breeding for disease resistance, some breeding materials are placed in the very large place of those disease selection pressures and screen.
So just bring a new problem.Although other proterties of some breeding materials are all more outstanding, can play well effect in production, its disease resistance is difficult to the screening by grave illness district, be just often eliminated, and the disease incidence in actual production does not reach the pathogenic level in grave illness district.Such breeding material is selected just to create certain distance with production is actual.On the one hand, some more outstanding breeding materials are difficult to be screened by lesion, and on the other hand, the economical character that some resistances have passed the rice breed of lesion qualification is often not ideal enough again.This reduces the efficiency of breed improvement.
The difficulty that anti-more biological strain breeding objective arrives will far away higher than the difficulty of anti-less biological strain.Only for anti-2 major gene resistances and the breeding objective resisting 1 major gene resistance, the breeding work amount of anti-2 major gene resistances is exactly more than 3 times of anti-1 gene, and this is still supposing that certain major gene resistance is all be distributed on different chromosome, and independent distribution.Current existing research shows, the biological strain of rice blast has 82 kinds, if breeding material is wanted to resist all rice blast biological strains, its difficulty will be far longer than the difficulty of anti-2 biological strains; If also there is the chain of some beneficial gene and unfavorable gene therebetween, the difficulty of its breeding can be larger.
Although also have some breeders breeding material to be placed in the relatively light base of disease carry out plantation screening, be also difficult to take into account breeding for disease resistance, be difficult to promote targetedly to the breeding for disease resistance target adapting to produce.Because numerous proterties of paddy rice control by different genes, although the breeding material resistance chosen like this is relatively better, its economical character, quality trait are often unsatisfactory, and difficulty, the cycle of the more satisfactory kind of seed selection all considerably increase.
Under these circumstances, the strain (kind) selected and production requirement are difficult to coordinate, the limited efficiency of application on producing.
Summary of the invention:
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of authentication method of rice anti-rice blast breeding material, for the actual conditions of producing, according to the production physical condition of objective area, select occurring degree can represent the paddy rice field of objective area for test sick garden point, each occurring degree being existed the different target area of gradient difference is tested disease garden point and is formed test for identification net, the screening of breeding material is carried out in classification, avoid screening target breeding material under same relatively high Selective Pressure, the disease resistance of breeding material and economical character are taken into account, thus improve the screening effeciency of breeding material, effectively can carry out test for identification to paddy rice for examination breeding material, have the advantages that test accuracy is high, efficiency is high, cost is low.
The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose by following technical solution.
The authentication method of a kind of rice anti-rice blast breeding material provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
(1), select rice blast occurring degree can represent the paddy rice field of objective area for test sick garden point, each of different target area is tested disease garden point and forms test for identification net;
On the basis with reference to long-term Rice Production or scientific data data, there is gradient difference in the rice blast occurring degree of the test sick garden point of each objective area, can identify the rice breed of different resistance against diseases;
The soil fertility of the test sick garden point of each objective area is even, and possess onset condition, its warm light resources can complete the growth cycle for examination rice breed;
The test sick garden point of each objective area should be selected near local meteorological station, can utilize long-term meteorological data, or installs corresponding meteorological observation equipment;
(2), the same set of rice breed for examination is required to be planted in each sick garden point of test for identification net according to experimental scheme, it is made to grow in the environment of physioclimate, carry out conventional water and fertilizer management, record is for the state of an illness data in rice breed each period in growth cycle of examination;
(3), according to the data such as temperature, illumination, humidity of different sick garden point in growing state and the test for identification net for examination rice breed, carry out association analysis with state of an illness data, obtain the meteorological data for examination rice breed vegetative period and state of an illness data thereof;
(4), network analysis is carried out in the disease reflection of the meteorological data of sick for difference garden point, confession examination rice breed, determine the rice disease performance under different choice pressure condition, Screening and Identification goes out to adapt to the confession examination rice breed of different diseases pressure.
The present invention has following beneficial effect compared with prior art:
1, the accuracy of test for identification is high.Will the effect of sick garden single far above any one point by the accuracy that there is the test for identification of the multiple sick garden point of gradient pressure difference.In single sick garden point, be merely able to obtain the disease result of the test under a disease selection pressure condition, can not accurately obtain for result of the test after the change of disease selection pressure; And in the test for identification net formed under different diseases selection pressure condition, can in conjunction with different diseases selection pressure group effect, accurate understanding is for the test reaction of examination material under different diseases selection pressure condition, thus deepen, to the understanding of different genetic background for the disease-resistant effect of examination rice material, technical information more more than single sick garden point can be obtained.
2, the efficiency of test for identification is high.In single sick garden point, comparatively large by climatic effect then, when the temperature of certain year too high or too low time all can affect the result of test for identification, thus can affect, even can incur loss through delay the seed selection progress of new rice variety.The test for identification net be made up of different diseases selection pressure sick garden point just can avoid such problem to occur.When the disease of certain year test for identification period occurs overweight, a lot of excellent material is difficult to reach a standard, destiny on the verge of being replaced, and the lighter sick garden point of disease can because Disease pressure relatively gently can make the outstanding rice breed of some other proterties show its superiority; When the disease of certain year test for identification period occurs very light, the experimental field that selection pressure is large institute shows and can show breeding material Optional Value again for trying the disease-resistant difference of rice material.Doing so avoids the risk that single sick garden point causes because of climatic effect test for identification to lose efficacy, improve the efficiency of test for identification, also promote the progress of rice breeding.
3, the cost of test for identification is lower.Paddy rice is just planted in the different rice field of Disease pressure for examination material by this method, what utilize is rice blast gradient selection pressure to for the reaction under field conditions (factors) of examination rice material, just according to selection pressure gradient, require to increase qualification garden point according to test for identification object.This and production actual conditions are very close, and do not need to increase human assistance condition in addition, cost is low, economical and effective.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
In rice district, Midwest, Hubei, there is the Four types rice district of Jianghan Plain, low mountains and hills, intermediate altitude (height above sea level about 600 meters) mountain area, High aititude (height above sea level about 1100 meters) respectively.The Disease pressure of its rice blast forms a gradient difference, and the rice blast morbidity in High aititude (height above sea level about 1100 meters) rice district is the heaviest, and the sick garden of secondary of national rice blast qualification just exists this region; The rice blast morbidity in intermediate altitude (height above sea level about 600 meters) rice district is heavier, is one of the sick garden of rice blast field test in Hubei Province; Low mountains and hills (height above sea level about 100 meters) morbidity is taken second place again; The rice blast morbidity in Plain (height above sea level about 30 meters) is the lightest.
When being planted in above-mentioned sick garden for examination rice material, just constituting one because of rice blast pathogenecity and depositing discrepant test for identification net.
The ecotope in four sick gardens is different, and the long-term occurring degree of rice blast is not identical yet.The rice blast morbidity in Plateau hypoxia garden is the heaviest, taking second place of the sick garden of intermediate altitude, and taking second place again of low mountains and hills, Plain sick garden morbidity is the lightest.The probability that the overall field test of multiple so sick gardens composition just succeeds than any one independent Disease garden identification is all high.
When the precipitation of certain year is on the low side, temperature is higher, the morbidity of rice blast entirety is lighter, the test for identification site (the High aititude pilot as height above sea level 1100 meters) that long-term rice blast is fallen ill heavier, can go out the difference that confession tries blast resisting ability between rice material by test for identification, the test for identification result of other test for identification sites is only for reference; More when the overcast and rainy low temperature period of certain year, when overall morbidity is all heavier, low mountains and hills and test for identification site, Plain can both go out the difference that confession tries rice material blast resisting ability by test for identification.Even if in the normal year, the test for identification system be made up of different rice blast selection pressure so also can go out the preliminary election rice breed to objective area by test for identification preferably, makes the rice material of different blast resisting level can both obtain reasonable application.The kind of the rice material seed selection that resistance against diseases is strong is adapted to the rice district that rice blast is fallen ill serious, and the kind of the rice material seed selection that blast resisting ability is general is then applicable to rice blast and falls ill comparatively Qing Dao district.
Due to the condition having above-mentioned different diseases selection pressure, with regard to avoiding the risk of the Disease identification inefficacy caused because of the climatic variation in special time, substantially increase the successful fraction of Disease identification; Meanwhile, what have also been enlarged rice anti-rice blast breeding material utilizes scope, improves the efficiency of rice anti-rice blast breeding.
Claims (4)
1. an authentication method for rice anti-rice blast breeding material, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1), select rice blast occurring degree can represent the paddy rice field of objective area for test sick garden point, each of different target area is tested disease garden point and forms test for identification net;
(2), the same set of rice breed for examination is required to be planted in each sick garden point of test for identification net according to experimental scheme, it is made to grow in the environment of physioclimate, carry out conventional water and fertilizer management, record is for the state of an illness data in rice breed each period in growth cycle of examination;
(3), according to the data such as temperature, illumination, humidity of different sick garden point in growing state and the test for identification net for examination rice breed, carry out association analysis with state of an illness data, obtain the meteorological data for examination rice breed vegetative period and state of an illness data thereof;
(4), network analysis is carried out in the disease reflection of the meteorological data of sick for difference garden point, confession examination rice breed, determine the rice disease performance under different choice pressure condition, Screening and Identification goes out to adapt to the confession examination rice breed of different diseases pressure.
2. the authentication method of a kind of rice anti-rice blast breeding material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that on the basis with reference to long-term Rice Production or scientific data data, there is gradient difference in the rice blast occurring degree of the test sick garden point of each objective area, can identify the rice breed of different resistance against diseases.
3. the authentication method of a kind of rice anti-rice blast breeding material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that the soil fertility of the test sick garden point of each objective area is even, possess onset condition, its warm light resources can complete the growth cycle for examination rice breed.
4. the authentication method of a kind of rice anti-rice blast breeding material according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the test sick garden point of each objective area should be selected near local meteorological station, long-term meteorological data can be utilized, or corresponding meteorological observation equipment is installed.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105191680A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2015-12-30 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Indoor rice variety Magnaporthe oryzae resistance identification method |
| CN107593427A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-19 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of selection of the rice with high anti-, steady blast resisting performance |
| CN110432098A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-12 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of method of breeding rice blast resisting breeding intermediate materials |
| CN115735756A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-03-07 | 长江大学 | Breeding method of disease-resistant rice variety |
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Patent Citations (4)
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105191680A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2015-12-30 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Indoor rice variety Magnaporthe oryzae resistance identification method |
| CN107593427A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-19 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of selection of the rice with high anti-, steady blast resisting performance |
| CN107593427B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-02-21 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Breeding method of rice with high-resistance and stable-rice-blast-resistance performance |
| CN110432098A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-11-12 | 江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所 | A kind of method of breeding rice blast resisting breeding intermediate materials |
| CN115735756A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-03-07 | 长江大学 | Breeding method of disease-resistant rice variety |
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| CN104381125B (en) | 2017-03-29 |
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Address after: 433300 Li Hu Village, Wangqiao Town, Jianli County, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Jianli Mingyu Rice Industry Co., Ltd. Address before: 433300 Li Hu Village, Wangqiao Town, Jianli County, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province Patentee before: Jianli Mingyu Rice Industry Co., Ltd. |
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