CN104345278B - A kind of all-vanadium flow battery SOC detection methods and system - Google Patents
A kind of all-vanadium flow battery SOC detection methods and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of all-vanadium flow battery SOC detection methods and system.Methods described includes：Measure the anodic potentials of the anode electrolyte of the all-vanadium flow battery and the negative pole current potential of electrolyte liquid；Anodic potentials and the negative pole current potential is gathered, anodic potentials data signal and negative electricity position digital signal are respectively converted into after amplifying after filtering；The anodic potentials data signal and negative electricity position digital signal are handled, generate positive pole SOC value and negative pole SOC value respectively；Described positive pole SOC value and negative pole SOC value are shown.The all-vanadium flow battery SOC detection methods and system of the embodiment of the present invention, reasonable in design, easy to operate, detection is accurate, and error is smaller, can provide directive function for the maintenance management work of the vanadium pile electrolyte of longtime running, ensure that the safe and stable operation that electricity pushes away.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the state-of-charge of all-vanadium flow battery（SOC, state of charge）Detection technique field, it is special
It is not related to a kind of SOC detection methods and system for being used to detect the electrolyte state-of-charge of all-vanadium flow battery.
Background technology
Fossil energy increasingly depleted, new, sustainable energy exploitation are increasingly valued by people.Wherein, utilize
The regenerative resources such as wind energy, solar energy are one of important channels that human future obtains energy from nature, also each as the world
The emphasis that state competitively develops.But due to wind energy and the unstability of solar energy so that electric power caused by these energy is unstable
Fixed, the impact to power network is larger, it is therefore desirable to find a kind of large-scale energy storage device to balance power network regulation power fluctuation.
All-vanadium flow battery（Vanadium Redox Battery, VRB）It is green with its as a kind of mechanism of new electrochemical power sources
The advantages of color, quick, high-power, extensive energy storage and depth discharge and recharge, turn into wind energy, solar energy and the other forms energy and generate electricity
During adjust the energy storage device of fluctuation.All vanadium ion redox flow battery is to be based on VO2+/VO2 +With V2+/V3+Electricity pair
The novel secondary battery and energy storage technology of electrical potential difference and redox reaction, compared with traditional lead accumulator, having can be quick
With Large Copacity discharge and recharge, self-discharge rate is low, simple in construction, pollution-free many advantages, such as, wind-power electricity generation, photovoltaic generation energy storage and
The field such as peak load regulation network application prospect is boundless.For vanadium cell, energy storage and the core of conversion are electrolyte, electricity
The state-of-charge SOC for solving liquid is then an important parameter for characterizing battery remaining power state, and SOC monitoring is run to vanadium cell
Control, system design and maintenance etc. have very important significance.
Existing detection SOC method includes inferring and by detecting in electrolyte by the detection of battery external characteristics parameter
Reactivity material（Vanadium ion）Content determine SOC.Wherein, the traditional detection by battery external characteristics parameter is inferred
SOC method includes open-circuit voltage mensuration, energy accumulation approach, resistance method of temperature measurement etc., because the time is long, reliability is low, operation
The reasons such as complexity, by detecting reactivity material in electrolyte（Vanadium ion）Content come determine SOC method increasingly by
Universal application.The electrode active material of all-vanadium flow battery is the vanadium ion of various valence states in solution, and both positive and negative polarity electrolyte
It is stored in fluid reservoir, both positive and negative polarity electrolyte constantly circulates in fluid reservoir and cell stack during battery charging and discharging.
There are two with the more similar detection method of scheme of the application：
One is Application No. US2005164075A1 United States Patent (USP) " Method for operating redox
Flow battery and redox flow battery cell stack ", it discloses do not stopping battery charging or putting
On the premise of electric process, increase a boosting battery in usually used pile, determine to be electrolysed by detecting open-circuit voltage
SOC states residing for liquid.But the program must measure from the pile of normal work exclusively with a monocell, for
, it is necessary to consume the measurement battery of same amount of battery material composition for the pile that commercial scale uses, cost is added, wave
Take substantial amounts of membrane area, and can not be depicted exactly when both sides electrolyte causes imbalance due to external world's oxidation or migration
SOC states residing for electrolyte.
A kind of the second is Chinese patent " flow battery lotus based on potential difference parameter of Application No. 200910088258.0
Electricity condition on-line monitoring method ", it discloses in all-vanadium redox flow battery electrolyte transfer pipeline, setting includes reference solution
Bypass duct, the reference solution is identical with total vanadium ion concentration contained in electrolyte, by determining the electrolysis flowed through in pipeline
The state-of-charge of all-vanadium flow battery under instantaneous operating conditions is calculated in potential difference between liquid and reference solution；The side
Road pipeline proton-conductive films, or electrolyte solution and reference solution are connected using the capillary of built-in hydrogel；
Each electrode that a measurement potential difference is set in reference solution and electrolyte solution, form the state-of-charge of all-vanadium flow battery
Real-time determining device；Electrolyte liquid can also be used to form state-of-charge as reference solution with a diconnected pipe and survey
Determine device.But because the program needs to use reference solution, and the reference solution needs to meet specific standard, thus actual behaviour
Make complex.
In summary, it is easy to operate to need one kind badly, cost is cheap and detects accurate all-vanadium flow battery SOC detection methods
And system.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of all-vanadium flow battery SOC inspections
The method and system of survey, to solve the problems, such as that complex operation of the prior art, cost are high and measurement error is larger.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of all-vanadium flow battery SOC detection methods, including：Survey
Measure the anodic potentials of the anode electrolyte of the all-vanadium flow battery and the negative pole current potential of electrolyte liquid；Gather the positive pole electricity
Position and negative pole current potential, anodic potentials data signal and negative electricity position digital signal are respectively converted into after amplifying after filtering；To institute
State anodic potentials data signal and negative electricity position digital signal is handled, generate anode electrolyte SOC value and negative electricity respectively
Solve liquid SOC value；Described positive pole SOC value and negative pole SOC value are shown.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of all-vanadium flow battery SOC detecting systems, including：
Anodic potentials detection sensor, the anodic potentials of the anode electrolyte for measuring the all-vanadium flow battery；Negative pole current potential is examined
Survey sensor, the negative pole current potential of the electrolyte liquid for measuring the all-vanadium flow battery；Positive pole difference amplifier, for adopting
Collect the anodic potentials of the anode electrolyte；Negative pole difference amplifier, for gathering the negative pole current potential of the electrolyte liquid；Just
Pole filter amplifier, for being filtered amplification to the anodic potentials；Negative pole filter amplifier, for the negative pole current potential
It is filtered amplification；A/D converter, for being AD converted to the anodic potentials and negative pole current potential, positive pole electricity is generated respectively
Position digital signal and negative electricity position digital signal；Microprocessor, for the anodic potentials data signal and negative electricity digit
Word signal is handled, and generates anode electrolyte SOC value and electrolyte liquid SOC value respectively；Display, for the generation
Anode electrolyte SOC value and electrolyte liquid SOC value shown.
The all-vanadium flow battery SOC detection methods and system of the embodiment of the present invention, reasonable in design, easy to operate, detection essence
Really, error is smaller, can provide directive function for the maintenance management work of the vanadium pile electrolyte of longtime running, ensure that electricity pushes away
Safe and stable operation.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the required accompanying drawing used in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those skilled in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can be with root
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the SOC detecting systems of the all-vanadium flow battery of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the potentiometric detection sensor of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the graphite electrode of the potentiometric detection sensor in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the method flow diagram of the SOC detection methods of the all-vanadium flow battery of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the SOC detecting systems of the all-vanadium flow battery of the embodiment of the present invention.As illustrated, this
The SOC detecting systems of the all-vanadium flow battery of embodiment include：Anodic potentials detection sensor, negative electricity level detection sensor,
Positive pole difference amplifier, negative pole difference amplifier, positive pole filter amplifier, negative pole filter amplifier, A/D converter, microprocessor
Device and display, memory, keyboard and communication interface.
In the present embodiment, anodic potentials detection sensor, negative electricity level detection sensor are the potentiometric detection shown in Fig. 2
Sensor, including graphite electrode 1, reference electrode 2, electrode base 3, electrode base shell 4, probe rod 5, socket 6 and graphite electricity
Polar conductor 7, reference electrode wire 8.
Wherein, the electrode base shell 4 is enclosed on the electrode base 3；One end connection institute of the graphite electrode wire 7
Graphite electrode 1 is stated, the other end is connected on the socket 6 by the cavity in the electrode base shell 4 and the probe rod 5；
One end of the reference electrode wire 8 connects the reference electrode 2, and the other end passes through the electrode base shell 4 and the probe
Cavity in bar 5 is connected on the socket 6；The graphite electrode 1 and reference electrode 2 are embedded into the electrode base 3 simultaneously
With sealant sealing, the electrode potential of positive electrolyte for all-vanadiumredox flow battery or electrolyte liquid is obtained for measuring.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, the body end of graphite electrode 1 is cased with a copper hoop, the copper hoop inwall weldering
Meet the graphite electrode wire, a length of 15mm of copper hoop, wall thickness 0.5mm.A diameter of 8mm of the graphite electrode 1, effectively
Length is 25mm.
In the present embodiment, the reference electrode 2 is solid-state silver silver chlorate ceramics reference electrode, its a diameter of 8mm, effectively
Length is 25mm.For example, reference electrode 2 can be the electrode of model GD-II types.In the present embodiment, potentiometric detection senses
Device is made up of graphite electrode and reference electrode, rationally designs sensor construction, easy to installation and removal.Working electrode surface state
As far as possible close to the surface state of inside battery reaction electrode, reference electrode current potential is stable, to be adapted to the solid-state of sulfuric acid medium ginseng
Compare electrode.
In the present embodiment, the material of the electrode base 3 is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), the graphite electrode 1 and reference electrode 2
It is evenly distributed on a diameter of 19mm circumference, and is embedded on the electrode base 3.
In the current potential of the both positive and negative polarity electrolyte of the potentiometric detection sensor measurement all-vanadium flow battery using the present embodiment,
Two potentiometric detection sensors are respectively installed in the pipe-line system of positive and negative electrode electrolyte of all-vanadium flow battery, positive pole electricity
Solve the reactivity material in liquid（VO2 +/VO2+Reaction electricity is right（Corresponding to V5/V4））With the reactivity thing in electrolyte liquid
Matter（V3/V2Reaction electricity is right）Chemically reacted in graphite electrode surface, generate redox reaction current potential, then with reference electrode
On reference potential compare, to obtain the electrode potential of positive electrolyte for all-vanadiumredox flow battery or electrolyte liquid.
The anodic potentials detection sensor is arranged in positive electrolyte for all-vanadiumredox flow battery pipe-line system, and measurement obtains
The anodic potentials of the anode electrolyte, the positive pole difference amplifier connect the anodic potentials detection sensor, gather institute
Anodic potentials are stated, is inputted after the positive pole filter amplifier to the A/D change-over circuits, the anodic potentials is converted to just
Electrode potential data signal.
The negative electricity level detection sensor is arranged in all-vanadium flow battery electrolyte liquid pipeline system, and measurement obtains
The negative pole current potential of the electrolyte liquid, the negative pole difference amplifier connect the negative electricity level detection sensor, gather institute
Negative pole current potential is stated, inputs to the A/D change-over circuits, the negative pole current potential is converted to negative after the negative pole filter amplifier
Electrode potential data signal.
The parameter and instruction that the microprocessor is set according to the keyboard, to the anodic potentials data signal and negative pole
Current potential data signal is handled, and generates the SOC value of anode electrolyte and electrolyte liquid；The memory is described for storing
The SOC value of anode electrolyte and electrolyte liquid；The display is used to show the anode electrolyte and electrolyte liquid
SOC value；The communication interface is used to the SOC value of the anode electrolyte and electrolyte liquid passing to external system.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, in addition to an alarm, the alarm parameters and the positive pole set according to the keyboard
The SOC value of electrolyte and electrolyte liquid carries out Realtime Alerts.Certainly, in other embodiments, alarm can also be not provided with.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, amplifier A1, A2, A3 forms difference amplifier, and A7 is positive pole difference amplifier
Benchmark, this positive pole difference amplifier are used for the simulation electric potential signal for gathering anodic potentials detection sensor；Amplifier A4, A5, A6
Difference amplifier is formed, A8 is the benchmark of positive pole difference amplifier, and this negative pole difference amplifier is used to gather negative pole potentiometric detection
The simulation electric potential signal of sensor.
In the present embodiment, the measurement range of potential measurement system and Measurement Resolution can meet the needs of detection, oxygen
It is ± 2000mv to change reduction potential measurement range, Measurement Resolution 1mv, and potential measurement error can be controlled within 1mv.
Fig. 4 is the method flow that SOC detections are carried out using the all-vanadium flow battery SOC detecting systems of embodiment illustrated in fig. 1
Figure.As illustrated, the SOC detection methods of the present embodiment include：
Step S101, the anodic potentials detection sensor and negative electricity level detection sensor are respectively installed to full vanadium liquid
In the positive and negative electrode electrolyte pipe-line system of galvanic battery, measurement obtains the anodic potentials of anode electrolyte and bearing for electrolyte liquid
Electrode potential；Step S102, anodic potentials and the negative pole current potential is gathered, anodic potentials number is respectively converted into after amplifying after filtering
Word signal and negative electricity position digital signal；Step S103, the anodic potentials data signal and negative electricity position digital signal are entered
Row processing, generates anode electrolyte SOC value and electrolyte liquid SOC value respectively；Step S104, to described anode electrolyte
SOC value and electrolyte liquid SOC value are shown.
In the step S103 of the present embodiment, at the anodic potentials data signal and negative electricity position digital signal
Reason, anode electrolyte SOC value and electrolyte liquid SOC value are generated respectively, be specifically：
Anode electrolyte SOC value SOC is calculated by following formulaJust：
The ΦJustFor the anodic potentials data signal, hydrionic concentration [H+] it is given value；
And electrolyte liquid SOC value SOC is calculated by following formulaIt is negative：
The ΦIt is negativeFor the negative electricity position digital signal.
Its principle is：Vanadium redox battery (VRFB, All Vanadium Redox-Flow Battery) with
Vanadium ion is stored and discharged by changing the ratio of different valence state vanadium ion in both positive and negative polarity electrolyte as electrode active material
Electric energy.Different valence state ion proportion is different, determines the chemical potential of electrode active material, also determines battery discharge capacity
Size.
Its electrode reaction is：
Positive pole VO2 ++2H++e=VO2++H2O(1)
E0=1.004V
Negative pole V2+-e=V3+(2)
E0=-0.255V
Charging reaction is the back reaction of above-mentioned reaction, and standard electric potential difference changes between 0.34-1.595V, and dull.Institute
With can be by detecting electrical potential difference between both positive and negative polarity electrolyte, or the electroaffinity of negative or positive electrode electrolyte, to determine battery electricity
Solve the SOC states residing for liquid.
According to Nernst equations, VO in anode electrolyte2 +/VO2Reaction+The current potential of electricity pair：
V in electrolyte liquid3+/V2Reaction+The current potential of electricity pair：
For negative pole,Therefore：1-1/SOCIt is negative=[V3+]/[V2+] (5)
For positive pole,Therefore：1-1/SOCJust=[VO2 +]/[VO2+] (6)
In summary, the principle of SOC detection methods of the invention is：Store or pass in all-vanadium flow battery electrolyte solution
Defeated system（It is electrolysed liquid pipeline）Potentiometric detection sensor is installed, measures the electrode that electricity pair is reacted in negative or positive electrode electrolyte respectively
Potential phiJustOr ΦIt is negative, the electrode potential Φ that will measureJustOr ΦIt is negativeSubstitute into（3）Formula or（4）Formula can calculate ratio [VO2 +]/[VO2 +] or ratio [V3+]/[V2+]（Hydrogen ion concentration [H in electrolyte+] it is given value）, then by [VO2 +]/[VO2+] or [V3+]/[V2+]
Substitute into（5）Formula or（6）Formula, you can calculate SOCIt is negativeAnd SOCJust。
In the present embodiment, the SOC detection methods also include：After positive pole SOC value and negative pole SOC value is obtained, always according to
The alarm parameters of setting, Realtime Alerts are carried out to the positive pole SOC value and negative pole SOC value；Or by the positive pole SOC value and bear
Pole SOC value passes to external system；Or the positive pole SOC value and negative pole SOC value are stored.
The all-vanadium flow battery SOC detection methods and system of the embodiment of the present invention, reasonable in design, easy to operate, detection essence
Really, error is smaller, can provide directive function for the maintenance management work of the vanadium pile electrolyte of longtime running, ensure that electricity pushes away
Safe and stable operation.
Various illustrative logical blocks described in the embodiment of the present invention, or unit can by general processor,
Digital signal processor, application specific integrated circuit（ASIC）, field programmable gate array or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate
Or the design of transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any of the above described combination is come the function described by realizing or operate.General place
It can be microprocessor to manage device, and alternatively, the general processor can also be any traditional processor, controller, microcontroller
Device or state machine.Processor can also be realized by the combination of computing device, such as digital signal processor and microprocessor,
Multi-microprocessor, one or more microprocessors combine a Digital Signal Processor Core, or any other like configuration
To realize.
Those skilled in the art will also be appreciated that the various illustrative components, blocks that the embodiment of the present invention is listed
（illustrative logical block）, unit, and step can pass through the knot of electronic hardware, computer software, or both
Conjunction is realized.To clearly show that the replaceability of hardware and software（interchangeability）, above-mentioned various explanations
Property part（illustrative components）, unit and step universally describe their function.Such work(
Can be that specific application and the design requirement of whole system are depended on to realize by hardware or software.Those skilled in the art
Various methods can be used to realize described function, but this realization is understood not to for every kind of specific application
Beyond the scope of protection of the embodiment of the present invention.
The step of method or algorithm described in the embodiment of the present invention can be directly embedded into hardware, computing device it is soft
Part module or the combination of both.Software module can be stored in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM storages
Other any form of storaging mediums in device, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or this area
In.Exemplarily, storaging medium can be connected with processor, to allow processor to read information from storaging medium, and
Write information can be deposited to storaging medium.Alternatively, storaging medium can also be integrated into processor.Processor and storaging medium can
To be arranged in ASIC, ASIC can be arranged in user terminal.Alternatively, processor and storaging medium can also be arranged at use
In different parts in the terminal of family.
Particular embodiments described above, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out further in detail
Describe in detail it is bright, should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention specific embodiment, the guarantor being not intended to limit the present invention
Scope is protected, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., should be included in this
Within the protection domain of invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of all-vanadium flow battery SOC detecting systems, it is characterised in that the system includes：
Anodic potentials detection sensor, the anodic potentials of the anode electrolyte for measuring the all-vanadium flow battery；
Negative electricity level detection sensor, the negative pole current potential of the electrolyte liquid for measuring the all-vanadium flow battery；
Positive pole difference amplifier, for gathering the anodic potentials of the anode electrolyte；
Negative pole difference amplifier, for gathering the negative pole current potential of the electrolyte liquid；
Positive pole filter amplifier, for being filtered amplification to the anodic potentials；
Negative pole filter amplifier, for being filtered amplification to the negative pole current potential；
A/D converter, for being AD converted to the anodic potentials and negative pole current potential, anodic potentials data signal is generated respectively
With negative electricity position digital signal；
Microprocessor, for handling the anodic potentials data signal and negative electricity position digital signal, generate respectively just
Pole electrolyte SOC value and electrolyte liquid SOC value；
Display, shown for the anode electrolyte SOC value to the generation and electrolyte liquid SOC value；
The anodic potentials detection sensor is identical with negative electricity level detection sensor structure, including graphite electrode, reference electricity
Pole, electrode base, electrode base shell, probe rod, socket and graphite electrode wire, reference electrode wire；
Wherein, the electrode base valve jacket is on the electrode base；One end of the graphite electrode wire connects the graphite
Electrode, the other end are connected on the socket by the cavity in the electrode base shell and the probe rod；The reference electricity
One end of polar conductor connects the reference electrode, and the other end is connected by the electrode base shell with the cavity in the probe rod
Onto the socket；The graphite electrode and reference electrode are embedded into the electrode base and with sealant sealings, for surveying
Measure the electrode potential of positive electrolyte for all-vanadiumredox flow battery or electrolyte liquid；
The reference electrode is solid-state silver silver chlorate ceramics reference electrode；
Keyboard, it is connected with the microprocessor, for input instruction and alarm parameters is set；
The graphite electrode and reference electrode are embedded and are uniformly distributed on the electrode base, and the material of the electrode base is
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
2. all-vanadium flow battery SOC detecting systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the microprocessor is to institute
State anodic potentials data signal and negative electricity position digital signal is handled, generate anode electrolyte SOC value and negative electricity respectively
Liquid SOC value is solved, including：
Anode electrolyte SOC value SOC is calculated by following formulaJust：
The ΦJustFor the anodic potentials data signal, hydrionic concentration [H+] it is given value；
And electrolyte liquid SOC value SOC is calculated by following formulaIt is negative：
The ΦIt is negativeFor the negative electricity position digital signal.
3. all-vanadium flow battery SOC detecting systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the system also includes：
Communication interface, it is connected with the microprocessor, for by the anode electrolyte SOC value and electrolyte liquid SOC value
Pass to external system.
4. all-vanadium flow battery SOC detecting systems according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the system also includes：
Memory, it is connected with the microprocessor, for described anode electrolyte SOC value and electrolyte liquid SOC value
Stored.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310337073.5A CN104345278B (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | A kind of all-vanadium flow battery SOC detection methods and system |
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| CN106549177B (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2019-06-28 | 大连融科储能技术发展有限公司 | A kind of flow battery and SOC metering method based on SOC detection device Redundancy Design |
| CN105425164B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2018-05-04 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Charge state of all-vanadium redox flow battery on-line monitoring method and system |
| CN107422267A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-12-01 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | The SOC detection means and method of all-vanadium flow battery |
| CN108051758A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-18 | 泛恩汇正（天津）科技股份有限公司 | A kind of all-vanadium flow battery manages system |
| CN108172871A (en) * | 2018-01-03 | 2018-06-15 | 湖南省银峰新能源有限公司 | A kind of electrolyte of vanadium redox battery charging state in-situ monitoring method and device with temperature-compensating |
| CN114420982B (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-12 | 武汉新能源研究院有限公司 | System and method for monitoring charge state of flow battery on line |
| CN115236516B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-04-18 | 上海玫克生储能科技有限公司 | Early warning method of lithium battery based on electrochemical model |
| CN115064740A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-16 | 大连融科储能装备有限公司 | Method for monitoring chargeable and dischargeable quantity in real time for all-vanadium liquid flow energy storage system |
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