CN104335625A - Methods and apparatus for opportunistic radio resource allocation in multi-carrier communication systems - Google Patents

Methods and apparatus for opportunistic radio resource allocation in multi-carrier communication systems Download PDF

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CN104335625A
CN104335625A CN201380029439.0A CN201380029439A CN104335625A CN 104335625 A CN104335625 A CN 104335625A CN 201380029439 A CN201380029439 A CN 201380029439A CN 104335625 A CN104335625 A CN 104335625A
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resource
network
spectrum
entity
radio frequency
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CN104335625B (en
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S·阿赫马迪
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Apple Inc
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Apple Computer Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/26—Resource reservation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/14—Two-way operation using the same type of signal, i.e. duplex

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Methods and apparatus for dynamic sharing of resources such as radio frequency (RF) spectrum in a wireless system. In one embodiment, the sharing is conducted among a number of base stations (e.g., eNodeBs or Access Points (APs)), or among different radio access technologies (RATs). In one implementation, the sharing is accomplished through reservation of new RF carriers, and temporary assignment (and release) of one or more RF carriers to the multi-carrier enabled radio access systems or base stations. Such dynamic spectrum sharing allows opportunistic use of additional RF carriers in a multi-carrier system as opposed to permanent availability to the eNodeB or AP regardless of their effective usage.

Description

For the method and apparatus of the waiting for an opportunity property radio resources allocation in multi-carrier communications systems
Priority
Patent application claims on September 26th, 2012 submit to and name is called owning together of " METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR OPPORTUNISTIC RADIO RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN MULTI-CARRIER COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS ", the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 13/627 of CO-PENDING, the priority of 942, this z patent application hereby claims on April 24th, 2012 submit to and name is called the U.S. Provisional Patent Application sequence number 61/637 of " METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR OPPORTUNISTIC RADIO RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN MULTI-CARRIER COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS ", the priority of 758, each patent application in above-mentioned patent application is incorporated herein by reference all in full.
Technical field
The disclosure relates generally to communication technical field.More specifically, an illustrative aspects, the disclosure relates to according to such as dynamically sharing frequency spectrum between multiple different wireless technology or Virtual network operator based on the scheme retained.
Background technology
Along with the use of consumer to wireless technology in recent years increases day by day, radio spectrum becomes keystone resources.This is for so-called " license " frequency spectrum carrying out distributing on special basis especially true (compared with the unlicensed part of frequency spectrum, from literal upper, the unlicensed part of frequency spectrum can be visited by anyone).
Cellular system uses the frequency spectrum of that operator uniquely has, rare and very expensive license usually.Therefore, for the quality of mobile client for provided service and the satisfaction of quantity, to effective utilization of the frequency spectrum resource of license for the short-term of Virtual network operator and long-term profitability and sustained traffic most important.
Recently show the research of wireless technology (wireless technology utilized in the cellular network such as such as run in the frequency spectrum of aforementioned license), this frequency spectrum resource is not effectively utilized by the operator of such network usually.Such as, if frequency spectrum resource is idle or untapped, another network provider/operator is not allowed to use this frequency spectrum resource yet.In fact, when the function as time and position or both combinations dynamically monitors frequency spectrum resource, there is many untapped spectrum opportunities.These chances need more complicated spectrum management and distribution technique effectively to utilize these chances usually.
Existing solution in prior art does not provide best frequency spectrum to use, and comprises for dynamically " sharing " frequency spectrum and especially effectively coordinating of carrying out between wireless technology.
Therefore, there is the outstanding demand of the method and apparatus to the improvement providing this type of frequency spectrum share and the coordination ability.
Summary of the invention
The disclosure is especially by being provided for the apparatus and method of the improvement such as between multiple different radio technology or even dynamically sharing frequency spectrum between two or more Virtual network operators to meet the demand.
The first, be used as a part for said apparatus and method based on the scheme retained, wherein need the management entity place request resource requirement that the base station in the network of resource or other entity are basically concentrated.
The second, disclose a kind of dynamically radio frequency resource and share method.In one embodiment, the method comprises: receive the request from the radio frequency resource (such as, RF spectrum) of base station at network entity place; Identify the untapped radio frequency resource of at least one; And at least one resource that distribution identifies uses for base station.Any radio frequency resource in available radio spectrum is all suitable for this type of and distributes (and follow-up deallocating).
In a variant, the parameter such as spectrum energy that the identification of untapped resource senses with using one or more cognition is at least in part performed.
3rd, disclose a kind of dynamically radio frequency resource share framework.In one embodiment, this framework comprises: spectrum management entity; And share entity with the dynamic spectrum that management entity carries out communicating.Spectrum management entity and frequency spectrum share entity coordinate to identify untapped radio spectrum, and give at least one base station in (i) multiple base station by identified untapped spectrum allocation may; Or at least one radio access technologies (ii) in multiple radio access technologies.
4th, disclose a kind of resource management entity for wireless system.In one embodiment, management entity is arranged on server place, and communicates with multiple base station, and this base station has from resource management entity request to the distribution of resource and the dynamic resource receiving the distribution of untapped resource identified shares entity.In a variant, management entity is entity in network.In another variant, management entity is the entity between across a network entity or network carrying out coordinating between two or more heterogeneous networks.
5th, disclose a kind of dynamic resource for wireless system and share entity.In one embodiment, shared entity is arranged on one or more base station or the access point place of network, and communicates with aforementioned management entity (or multiple management entity).In specifically implementing at one, shared entity has dynamic resource sharing capability, and from the distribution of resource management entity request to resource, and the distribution of the untapped resource identified can be received and these resources utilized by suitable base station and subscriber equipment.In this type of variant, this resource is frequency spectrum resource.
6th, disclose a kind of computer readable device.In one embodiment, this device has storage medium, wherein at least one computer program is set up on the storage medium and is configured to identify and assigning process, such as aforementioned resource management entity when implementing untapped resource (such as, frequency spectrum) when performing.In another embodiment, at least one procedure operation to send resource request and to receive distribution, and makes distributed resource be utilized by such as main frame base station (such as, eNodeB).In a this variant, this resource is frequency spectrum resource.
7th, disclose the method and apparatus for determining untapped RF spectrum.In one embodiment, these method and apparatus utilize determines wherein launched energy to the sensing of the part of RF spectrum, and detected energy level and predetermined threshold is compared to determine whether white space (white space) is present in this part.
8th, disclose a kind of wireless user equipment.In one embodiment, subscriber equipment (such as, UE) radio (SDR) ability allowing the software definition reconfiguring its chain/receive chain is configured with, to utilize as the previous untapped resource such as radio spectrum indicated by base station/dynamic shared entity.In a variant, subscriber equipment also comprises the radio function of one or more cognition, these functions especially allow subscriber equipment to sample to its radio frequency environment for such as untapped frequency spectrum or " white space " or monitor, and to shared entity report such information (or indirectly to the report of hard core control entity).Those of ordinary skill in the art is with reference to the accompanying drawing provided as follows and will recognize further feature of the present disclosure and advantage immediately to the detailed description of exemplary embodiment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic representation that first typical frequency spectrum that can use together with the disclosure shares scene (many RAT, single Virtual network operator).
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic representation that second typical frequency spectrum that can use together with the disclosure shares scene (many RAT, Multi net voting operator).
Fig. 3 is to the diagrammatic representation of the dynamic use of " white space " (untapped RF frequency band) as the heterogeneous networks of the function of time.
Fig. 4 is the logical flow chart of an embodiment of the generalized method illustrated according to untapped frequency spectrum discerning of the present disclosure and distribution.
Fig. 5 is the functional block diagram of an embodiment according to exemplary frequency spectrum management entity (SME) device of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is the functional block diagram of an embodiment according to exemplary dynamic frequency spectrum share (DSS) device of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is the diagrammatic representation of an embodiment of the agreement between SME and DSS entity in the example context of 3GPP E-UTRAN and EPC and Signaling infrastructure.
Fig. 8 is according to the diagrammatic representation of an embodiment of the network architecture of signaling comprising SME in network, across a network SME and be associated of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 is the diagrammatic representation determined according to exemplary adjacent channel leakage and the channel activity level of an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figure 10 is the diagrammatic representation of a specific concrete enforcement according to frequency spectrum reservation of the present disclosure, allocation and deallocation process.
All all rights reserved 2012-2013Apple Inc. all rights reserved.
Embodiment
Referring now to accompanying drawing, the parts that wherein similar in the text numeral is similar.
summary
In outstanding at one, present disclosure discloses a kind of effective mechanism for detecting, assigning and manage the usable spectrum being particularly useful for wireless communication system such as cellular network, in one embodiment, the cognitive radio scheme realized by the expansion of existing carrier aggregation principle and dynamic spectrum are shared and are utilized, which results in available valuable limited radio spectrum to be used more effectively, and provide higher data rate and user throughput.Advantageously, (namely embodiment of the present disclosure make use of all available RF spectrum, the all carrier waves used in multi-carrier scheme all can permanently for base station (such as, eNodeB) or WAP (wireless access point), and no matter whether they are used effectively).
In a specific concrete enforcement of the present disclosure, above-mentioned technology is particularly suitable for using in 3GPP Long Term Evolution (such as, version 12 (Rel-12) and more highest version) system.Particularly, in the evolution block core (EPC) and eNodeB (base station) of said system, utilize spectrum management entity (SME) and DSS measurement, control and signaling (DSS MCS) process to perform dynamic resource identification, distribution and expiry feature.
the detailed description of exemplary embodiment
Present detailed description exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.Although mainly discuss these embodiments in the context of isomery cellular network operation (such as adopting 3GPP HSPA/LTE (or LTE-A) or TDD/FDD technology), the disclosure is in no way limited to this.Such as, the disclosure can such as be implemented with in the cellular network of other type/technology or more effectively perform the frequency spectrum of other type or time-frequency resources is shared and distributes in the wireless network such as WLAN (such as Wi-Fi) or WMAN (such as WiMAX) of other type.
In addition, although be mainly described in the context of radio-frequency spectrum allocations, the disclosure can be applicable to the identification of localization in Internet resources such as time slot, spreading code, Resource Block (RB), cloud computing and the process network of other type and distributed memory and processing capacity, distribution and management.In addition, method and apparatus as herein described can utilize on the basis of application, such as wherein only for communication or more high-rise identification and the distribution that should be used for performing untapped frequency spectrum of some type.
the radio of heterogeneous network, software definition and resource-sharing
Wireless network and particularly cellular network will be made up of the framework of isomery and function more and more.So-called " dynamic spectrum access " (DSA) provides a kind of solution likely for solving the above-mentioned problem underused about frequency spectrum.Solution based on DSA can advantageously carry out concentrating, distribute or both combination.
In history, the IMT system of improvement is make peak data rate be about 1Gbps for the target that Hypomobility is applied, and is make peak data rate be about 100Mbps for the target of high mobility application.In order to realize the wireless data rates of this magnitude, and except using the multi-antenna technology such as Μ Ι Μ Ο of improvement, 3GPP LTE (LTE-A) system improved utilizes carrier aggregation scheme, wherein two or more component carriers correspond to single band, or different frequency band polymerizables is to form " in fact " wider bandwidth.Due to more broadband operation, attainable peak data rate and system capability can increase.
Frequency spectrum share problem; Namely, the Fairshare carried out frequency spectrum resource such as frequency spectrum " white space " (untapped time/frequency resource) in conjunction with radio (SDR) technology of cognitive radio technology and software definition or distribution/scheduling have received the remarkable concern of Virtual network operator, and estimate to experience significant utilance by the system (that is, 3GPP LTE Rel-12 and more highest version) more senior than the IMT improved.Cognitive radio system (CRS) is the radio system that have employed following technology: allow system acquire knowledge (such as, about its operation and the knowledge of geographical environment and parameter, the policy set up and internal state thereof), especially to allow to come dynamically and automatically to regulate its operating parameter and agreement according to obtained knowledge.Term " radio of software definition " typically refers to but is not limited to adopt and allows by the transmitting set of technology of software set or change RF and base band attribute (including but not limited to RF centre frequency, RF bandwidth, modulation type or power output) and/or receiver.The change made operating parameter during wireless normal installation in advance and predetermined operation according to system specifications or standard is got rid of in this change usually.
The successful realization of dynamic spectrum secret sharing depend primarily on multiple technical, economically with the elimination of managerial obstacle.What utilize the cellular system of frequency spectrum share ability requires to include such as: the requirement of (i) architecture design; (ii) technology of recycling chance (spectrum-sensing) is effectively identified; (iii) by Adaptive Transmission and modulation waveform to effective utilization of detected chance; (iv) reconfigurable property; V () is once the release to resource (frequency spectrum mobility) after terminating that communicates; And (vi) interference mitigation mechanism.The concrete enforcement of the success of spectrum sharing network relates to special that develop or adaptation " agreement " and " policy ".The target of this type of frequency spectrum share agreement is multidimensional usually in itself.These agreements and policy should be guaranteed effectively also to use frequency spectrum (such as, entering aforementioned " white space " by allowing secondary user's) in a stable manner liberally ideally, minimize the harmful interference of the licensed main users to frequency spectrum simultaneously.
Fig. 1 dynamic spectrum shown in the multi radio access technology (many RAT) operated by single operator shares the example of (DSS).The many RAT system 100 described in Fig. 1 generally includes multiple subscriber equipment 102,112 (such as, cell phone or smart phone, as described subsequently herein), for each RAT 104, at least one base station of 106 and the territory, respective coverage areas 108,110 for two RAT.Although be shown as autonomous device, in this example, subscriber equipment 102,112 is mixing (that is, can operate in arbitrary RAT).
Fig. 2 shows the example that the dynamic spectrum in the multi radio access technology (many RAT) operated by two (2) individual operators (operator 1 and 2 in figure) is shared.Show two different scenes 200,201; That is, (i) is for the overlay area 208,210 (scene 200) of the co-extensive substantially of each RAT, and (ii) is for the overlay area 208,210 (scene 201) geographically separated of two RAT.Subscriber equipment 202 is comprised separately, 212 and one or more base station 204,206 as each isomery RAT in system 100, two isomery RAT of Fig. 1.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2 and according to frequency band, the overlay area of different RAT and cell size can be similar or different.But as shown in the figure, interim untapped frequency resource (white space 111,211 at the top place of every width figure) can be used by another kind of radio access technologies or another operator.In both cases, spectrum utilization efficiency will advantageously increase.In addition, although should also be understood that and show various embodiment of the present disclosure with reference to many RAT use scenes, various aspects of the present disclosure are widely applicable for many RAT and single RAT use scenes.
The frequency band (as shown in figure 3 herein) supposed the frequency band that potential available spectral band can be divided into permanent appointment and assign by demand, the frequency band of so permanent appointment can be used for disposing identical or different radio access technologies (such as such as, any correction of 3GPP HSPA/LTE, TDD/FDD duplexing schemes or these technology or evolution version).These technology are called as " network A " 302, " network B " 304, " network C " 306 etc. in figure 3.In the figure, show the network of three (3) individual hypothesis, the network of each hypothesis has the adjacent of some the permanent appointments for disposing such as TDD radio access system or FDD radio access system or non-conterminous frequency band.There are some spaces 308 of sharing between networks in time via dynamic assignment.Therefore, there is not frequency spectrum cavity-pocket (spectrum holes) or vacancy in fact at any time.Suppose that the RF carrier wave be associated with the center of the frequency band being assigned to aforementioned system is the main RF carrier wave configured completely, these main RF carrier waves are used for the normal running of system, comprise that the network such as undertaken by mobile radio station enters/reenters, user data in down link or up link and control signal transmission, synchronous and system configuration information transmission etc., if a permanent RF carrier wave is assigned to system, so this RF carrier wave is designated as main carrier and is configured completely.Any permanent RF carrier wave in addition all can be designated as secondary RF carrier wave, and can completely or partially configure.The RF carrier wave of assigning provisionally is always designated as secondary RF carrier wave, and can completely or partially be configured.
method-
Referring now to Fig. 4, show an embodiment of the generalized method 400 for dynamically sharing frequency spectrum between multiple different wireless technology.In this embodiment, the shared basis of dynamic spectrum is used as based on the scheme retained; But, should be appreciated that and also can use other scheme or the method consistent with the disclosure.Such as, in a variant, can eliminate the request retained to be conducive to " round-robin method " or similar to fair or based on the radio resources allocation algorithm of order of priority.
In an exemplary concrete enforcement, logical block for the method 400 implementing Fig. 4 presents in network entity, and network entity is hereinafter referred to as spectrum management entity (SME) or be broadly called resource management entity (RME).As used herein, term " spectrum management " refers to but is not limited to comprise and obtains best usable spectrum to meet the function of telex network requirement and channel or mobility condition.
In specifically implementing at one of the present disclosure, SME is the parts of the core network of operator or a part for radio access network (RAN).But, should be appreciated that SME function can be arranged in network from literal any position, and in fact can be distributed on multiple parts (comprising subscriber equipment 102,112,202,212).
Return Fig. 4, at step 402 place of method 400, determine admissible untapped frequency spectrum.In one exemplary embodiment, SME detects admissible untapped frequency spectrum via to the access of area or country's " white space " database.Alternatively (or in conjunction with this database), cognitive radio technology can be used determine the information using (comprising white space) about frequency spectrum.Such as, in a variant, the energy level existed in the one or more frequency bands for concern can be used to carry out radio frequency frequency spectrum and to carry out sensing (vide infra to the discussion of Fig. 8 and Fig. 9).Alternatively (or in conjunction with foregoing), the disappearance of the signal of some type can be used for identifying white space; Such as, by identifying the shortage of other activity in any discernible pattern, signaling or a part of frequency spectrum in predetermined time section.
Then, (base station in such as heterogeneous system) one or more requests to the reservation of resource are received according to step 404.
At step 406 place of method 400, in response to the request to one or more resources of reservation, one or more resources that dynamic assignment is asked.In this type of embodiment, comprise the instruction to one or more untapped resources for the request retained.Such as, the base station can monitoring frequency spectrum use may can identify one or more untapped resources.Alternatively, can be managed by SME completely to the request of resource and assign and do not need the other information (that is, base station does not provide any instruction of available or disabled resource to SME) from base station.
In one embodiment, usable spectrum is dynamically assigned in one or more base stations that SME retains new frequency band to request.This appointment can be used for realizing any amount of different operating (or relevant to business/operator) target, includes but not limited to: (i) equally loaded; (ii) data rate and throughput is increased; And (iii) temporarily increases the quantity of active user.
At step 408 place of method 400, come more new database or out of Memory storehouse according to step 406 according to the dynamic assignment of one or more resources.In one exemplary embodiment, SME safeguards and to upgrade local data base that assign with discharged frequency band to follow the tracks of.Distributed data base (those databases such as, be associated with Multi net voting operator/geographic area etc.) also can carry out safeguarding/upgrading as required.
At step 410 place of method 400, after a certain period of time and in response to the notice such as stopping one or more resources using admissible untapped frequency spectrum, stop one or more Resourse Distribute.Also to the termination of given distribution can observe with the power cut-off incident distributed on the equipment (such as, base station, UE etc.) that is associated according to other factors or event (this with certainly notify contrary) such as SME or use relevant event to make to other resource.
exemplary SME device-
Referring now to Fig. 5, illustrate and describe the above exemplary concrete enforcement with reference to the SME described in Fig. 4.In this embodiment, SME at core network (such as, evolution block core or EPC) server or other device 702 implement (see the following discussion to Fig. 7), this other device 702 is configured to the identification performing white space or other untapped resource, and (such as, according to the above-described scheme based on retaining) dynamically shares this type of resource in the environment comprising other different radio technology.As used herein, term " server " can comprise the computerized equipment of any kind, and can be embodied as independently entity or enforcement in another existing equipment or entity.
Although illustrate and discuss the configuration of a kind of concrete device hardware and layout, but will be appreciated that, providing in situation of the present disclosure, those of ordinary skill easily can realize other configurations many, and the SME device 500 of Fig. 5 illustrate only principle widely of the present disclosure.Such as, should be appreciated that device 500 can take blade server or card-like form factor to be such as configured to carry out a mutual form factor with main frame EPC processing unit.
Alternatively, SME function can with existing EPC or other entity handles and storage device fully integrated.Other configuration a large amount of may be consistent with the disclosure.
Multiple processing unit that the processing subsystem 502 of device 500 shown in Fig. 5 comprises one or more CPU (CPU) or digital processing unit such as microprocessor, digital signal processor, field programmable gate array, RISC kernel or is arranged on one or more substrate.Processing subsystem is coupled to non-transitory computer readable storage medium such as memory 504, and non-transitory computer readable storage medium can comprise such as SRAM, FLASH, SDRAM and/or high-capacity storage (such as HDD (hard disk drive)) 507 parts.As used herein, term " memory " comprises the integrated circuit of any type or is suitable for storing other memory device of numerical data, this memory includes but not limited to ROM, PROM, EEPROM, DRAM, SDRAM, DDR/2SDRAM, EDO/FPMS, RLDRAM, SRAM, " flash memory " memory (such as, NAND/NOR) and PSRAM.
Processing subsystem also can comprise other coprocessor.As shown in the figure, processing subsystem 502 comprises discrete parts; But should be appreciated that in certain embodiments, they can merge or be formed in SoC (SOC (system on a chip)) configuration.
Device 500 also includes line interface 506 and/or wave point 509, wireline interface 506 and/or wave point 509 are configured to transmit from EPC main frame and DSS entity 600 reception/transmit (discussing referring to Fig. 6) to EPC main frame and DSS entity 600 transmission respectively, and wave point 509 is implemented in one case in existing base stations device; These transmission comprise the response of such as resource allocation request and connection request.
In one exemplary embodiment, non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprises instruction, these instructions are implemented above with reference to the SME function (that is, white space/resource identification and distribution) described in Fig. 4 and necessary the communicating and signaling protocol of support when being executed by a processor.
Illustrate based in the concrete enforcement of LTE, SME device 500 is configured to termination base station, evolution block core (EPC) place on the control plane (such as, eNodeB) dynamic spectrum being shared (DSS) measurement, being controlled and signaling protocol, as discussed in more detail referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
exemplary dynamic frequency spectrum share (DSS) device-
Referring now to Fig. 6, illustrate and describe the exemplary concrete enforcement of DSS device 600, this DSS device 600 especially provides measurement as above, signaling and controlling functions.In this embodiment, at one or more eNodeB base station 704 (Fig. 7) upper enforcement DSS 600, eNodeB base station 704 is configured to communicate with the SME 500 be arranged on EPC server 702 discussed above, such as to provide resource reservation request.As used herein, term " base station " can comprise the computerized equipment of the support radio frequency of any class, and independent community can be embodied as or implement in another equipment or entity, and any combination of such as macrocell, Microcell, femtocell, micromicro honeycomb base station, WAP (wireless access point) or foregoing can be comprised.Although illustrate and discuss a kind of concrete Equipments Setting and layout, will be appreciated that, providing in situation of the present disclosure, those of ordinary skill easily can realize other configurations many, and the device 600 of Fig. 6 illustrate only principle widely of the present disclosure.As above for pointed by SME, DSS entity can especially comprise independent shapes factor, card-like form factor or with existing main process equipment (such as, eNodeB) hardware and/or software fully integrated.
Multiple processing unit that DSS processing subsystem 602 shown in Fig. 6 comprises one or more CPU (CPU) or digital processing unit such as microprocessor, digital signal processor, field programmable gate array, RISC kernel or is arranged on one or more substrate.Processing subsystem is coupled to non-transitory computer readable storage medium such as memory 604, non-transitory computer readable storage medium can comprise such as SRAM, FLASH, SDRAM and/or high-capacity storage (such as, HDD (hard disk drive)) 607 parts.Processing subsystem also can comprise other coprocessor.As shown in the figure, processing subsystem 602 comprises discrete parts; But also should again understand, in certain embodiments, they can merge or be formed in SoC (SOC (system on a chip)) configuration.
DSS device 600 also includes line interface 606 and/or wave point 609, and wireline interface 606 and/or wave point 609 are configured to transmit from main frame eNodeB and SME reception/transmit to main frame eNodeB and SME transmission respectively.
In one exemplary embodiment, non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprises instruction, and the DSS function herein described in other local place is implemented in these instructions when being executed by a processor.
As noted above, the concrete SME/EPC implementing to use DSS to terminate in eNodeB place based on LTE illustrated measuring, controlling and signaling protocol, as discussed in more detail below with reference to Fig. 7.
exemplary concrete enforcement and operation-
Referring now to Fig. 7, illustrate and describe the example logic network architecture 700 (based on 3GPP evolution block core (EPC), and revising according to an exemplary concrete enforcement of the present disclosure).As shown in the figure, spectrum management entity (SME) 500 and DSS MCS 600 entity lay respectively in packet core network 702 and one or more eNodeB 704.Need new control signal and message by existing standard interface because comprise this function, therefore, in specifically implementing at one, existing interface SI, X2 and network entity eNodeB 704 and EPC 702 leave over homologue to revise to support resource-sharing function as herein described relative to them.Those of ordinary skill should be appreciated that function as herein described can be combined with other technology (such as such as 3GPP UMTS/HSPA radio access network and the core network be associated).
As shown in Figure 7, the DSS MCS entity 600 in each eNodeB 704 is responsible for frequency spectrum and is used measurement and report, the appointment of asking other frequency spectrum and other frequency spectrum when not using and release.
Figure 8 illustrates the exemplary network architecture of one or more SME 500 in conjunction with previous described type and DSC MCS entity 600 herein.Many RAT network of the hypothesis that the Liang Ge operator that the figure shows colocated geographically usually has.User terminal can be roamed in the overlay area of these networks He outside overlay area based on the Move Mode of user; Therefore, it will run into when share with dynamic spectrum and frequency spectrum mobility in conjunction with time may to become in troublesome RAT/RAT between and/or in network/network between mobility situation.As used in the present context, term " frequency spectrum mobility " typically refers to such process: wherein when user terminal to move to another geographic area or moves to the overlay area of another community from the overlay area of a community from a geographic area, support the subscriber equipment 102 of cognitive radio, 112,202,212 change its frequency of operation.The target of cognitive radio networks is by allowing radio terminal (to be also referred to as the best with " best ", consider based on one or more operation or other) available band carries out operation and uses frequency spectrum in a dynamic fashion, thus maintain seamless communication requirement during being transitioned into better frequency spectrum.
As shown in Figure 8, exemplary concrete enforcement can comprise in network two independently SME functional units 500.In network, SME 500a manages and the frequency spectrum share in the network of operator controlled between two or more different RAT, and across a network SME 500b functional unit can perform frequency spectrum share function across the network of two or more operators.Protocol signaling path is present in: in (i) eNB and network between SME (signaling paths 707 see in Fig. 7), and in (ii) network between SME and across a network SME 804.In network, SME 500a can be used for such as little geographic area, and across a network SME 505b can be used for very large geographic area.In exemplary network architecture shown in supposing in fig. 8, eNodeB 704 or access point (AP) are responsible for spectrum availability sensing and are measured, and to SME 500a, this measurement of 500b regular reporting, but should be understood that as discussed previously, other layout consistent with the disclosure is also possible.
In simple terms, existing multi-carrier scheme generally designates a RF carrier wave as main RF carrier wave or main plot (PCell), and specifies zero or multiple RF carrier wave as secondary RF carrier wave or auxiliary community (SCell).Secondary RF carrier wave can completely or partially configure, and considers with other operation according to the ability of UE and be assigned to mobile device (such as, UE).But, should be appreciated that to there is significant difference between exemplary concrete enforcement of the present disclosure and this existing multi-carrier operation.Particularly, in rear one (existing) is specifically implemented, RF carrier wave is forever available at eNodeB place, by the active carriers be used as or be assigned as to different mobile radio station or user terminal, by contrast, exemplary concrete enforcement of the present disclosure does not require permanently to assign RF carrier wave (secondary carrier) available in addition to base station or network, and this type of RF carrier wave only based on implemented scheme (such as, from the reservation request of base station or network, as above with reference to Fig. 4 discuss) available.Figure 10 (discussing in more detail below) depict according to of the present disclosure for other RF carrier wave to the exemplary signalling procedure supporting the dynamic requests of the base station of multicarrier or network, appointment and release.
the determination of spectrum availability-
Intrinsic in method of the present disclosure (comprising the illustrative methods 400 of above-described Fig. 4) by frequency band or other resource identification and the ability of being appointed as " white space " (that is, untapped).Specify to make this, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure certain hour section (be called " unoccupied period " or NOP) in calculate such as with the energy of frequency band of periodic intervals by paying close attention to, and this value and such as adaptive threshold 902 (see Fig. 9) to be compared.In this exemplary concrete enforcement, energy is calculated as the summation of following item: (i) signal; (ii) noise; And any interference existing for (iii), but should be appreciated that other method that also can use the calculating energy consistent with the disclosure (and not in fact being that other of energy itself is measured).In one embodiment, spectral occupancy is measured in the predetermined geographic (being called " measurement community "), in specifically implementing at one, predetermined geographic at least in part with the overlay area co-extensive of eNodeB or AP paid close attention to.In a variant, measure and carry out repetition with periodic intervals (being called at " measurement interval "), and compare with adaptive threshold.
The example standards of spectral occupancy is, if activity level appointment NOP during lower than predetermined threshold 902, so think that frequency spectrum is untapped; Otherwise frequency spectrum uses.
sampling calculating-
S i ( f , t j ) &ForAll; t j &Element; { T m } , f c i - W i / 2 < f < f c i + W i / 2 , order and W irepresent respectively at t sometime jup-sampling at channel C imiddle transmitted/power-spectral-density function of signal, the centre frequency of channel and the channel width that receive.Instantaneous adjacent channel leakage ratio rate (ACLR) is defined as:
&eta; i ( t j ) = &Integral; f c i + f 0 f c i + f 0 + W , S i ( f , t j ) df &Integral; f c i - W i / 2 f c i + W i / 2 S i ( f , t j ) df Formula (1)
Wherein W ' and f 0represent the bandwidth of the possible untapped channel carrying out measuring and the skew C with channel center frequency respectively thereon i(that is, boundary belt being described).If P t(t j) represent the denominator of above formula (by channel C iinstantaneous transfer/Received signal strength energy), if so at unappropriated time period (NOP) T vacantinterior instantaneous energy sampling is lower than self adaptation and configurable threshold value ζ, then this channel will be considered to unappropriated; That is:
&epsiv; ( t j ) = &Sigma; i &eta; i ( t j ) P i ( t j ) + N 0 ( t j ) + I 0 ( t j ) < &zeta; &ForAll; t j &Element; { T m } Formula (2)
Wherein N of (t j) and I o(t j) represent respectively at time t jplace noise and minizone/community in interference power samples.
Subsequently, channel is considered to unappropriated, and SME 500a, 500b should consider idle channel to be assigned to another system or operator of having for the pending request of other frequency spectrum.
Should be appreciated that the background noise (false signal, Noise and Interference) in shared channel will reduce attainable peak signal and interference plus noise ratio (SINR) in allocated frequency band.Therefore, threshold value ζ should be selected such that to be assigned to this frequency band and to carry out the exercisable SINR limit of radio access technologies or the wireless network operated in this band satisfactory.
In addition, although above-mentioned sampling calculate utilize adaptive threshold as identification or accept standard, can in conjunction with or replace aforesaid threshold values to use other standard.Such as, in a variant, the energy mark sensed stability or unchanged for determining that (namely presence or absence frequency spectrum uses in time, based on hypothesis substantial constant or frequency spectrum that variability is low mark be not indicating user, but the interference source of instruction substantial constant and/or noise).
for the exemplary reservation of new channel and dispose procedure-
Referring now to Figure 10, illustrate and describe in detail according to exemplary reservation of the present disclosure and dispose procedure.Although shown in the context of the foundation structure based on LTE of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 herein, should be understood that and providing in situation of the present disclosure, those of ordinary skill makes following process easily be applicable to other technology and network configuration.
As shown in Figure 10, in step 1002 place, eNodeB 704 sends the request to retaining new RF carrier wave to spectrum management entity (SME) 500.In this exemplary embodiment, SME is arranged in EPC702, and performs the signaling between eNodeB 704 and EPC by existing SI interface, but other interface can be used for this object.Frequency spectrum retains request message can comprise the quantity of such as RF carrier wave, preferred duplexing schemes (TDD/FDD) etc.
Should be noted, except regulating restriction, single spectral band or two spectral bands that cannot separate fully in frequency may not support that FDD operates.If SME 500 can assign one or more RF carrier wave to request eNodeB, so it sends (according to step 1004) acknowledge message, this acknowledge message comprises the parameter of assigned one or more RF carrier waves in specifically implementing at one, these parameters include but not limited to: (i) spectrum type (TDD/FDD); (ii) frequency separation (when FDD) of downlink band and uplink band; (iii) link direction of each frequency band; (iv) the boundary belt configuration needed for; V the limit launched by () band outer (OOB); And (vi) admissible adjacent channel rejection ratio rate (ACRR).
In addition, if frequency spectrum is intended to be used by other eNodeB, so frequency spectrum retains request and to be rejected or undetermined, and sends signal to notify the request eNodeB (step 1006) of this decision.If this request is rejected, so eNodeB still asks to send another reservation request when other frequency spectrum (or secondary RF carrier wave) when it.If comparatively early ask undetermined, so ask eNodeB without the need to sending new request, but wait for until frequency spectrum becomes available.In this case, SME 500 uses if reservation acknowledge message identical as described in is not long ago to notify this request eNodeB.
Once eNodeB receives retain request confirmation, then it just sends the clean culture or the broadcast that notify the UE 202 of the support multicarrier of the availability of new secondary RF carrier wave according to step 1010.Should be noted, the appointment carried out new RF carrier wave by SME 500a/ across a network SME 500b in network is provisional, and once this RF carrier wave does not re-use, it is just discharged by eNodeB.
After the clean culture or broadcast declaration of available new RF carrier wave, eNodeB can utilize the UE of selected support multicarrier to initiate secondary RF carrier wave assignment procedure, and controls and allocation of communications (step 1012) one or more new secondary carrier in the mode identical with secondary RF carrier wave with the permanent main RF carrier wave distributed now with use.Should be noted, dynamic reservation and release 1014 couples of UE 202 of other RF carrier wave are transparent, and occur between eNodeB and SME.Note also, in exemplary concrete enforcement, each RF carrier wave has and comprises about centre frequency, bandwidth, shelters the unique identifier of information to require with OOB etc.
When not re-using or fully load secondary RF carrier wave, eNodeB discharges one or more secondary RF carrier wave in the following manner: first utilize according to step 1013 and be configured to use all UE of this secondary RF carrier wave to perform deallocating of one or more secondary RF carrier wave, and send the frequency spectrum release message (step 1014) comprising the mark of d/d RF carrier wave subsequently to SME.In network/across a network SME 500a/500b sends the release of acknowledge message one or more RF carrier wave for confirmation and their mark according to step 1016.The RF carrier wave discharged no longer is used, unless they again assign after a while after identical request and appointment process by the eNodeB discharging these RF carrier waves.
Although not shown in Figure 10, but in specifically implementing at one, in network/across a network SME 500a/500b can utilize cognitive radio technology to check the use of interim spectral band of assigning (such as, use channel detection technology), and request discharges spectral band that is efficient or that effectively utilize.In that case, one or more secondary carrier dispose procedure can by from network/the releasing request message of across a network SME to eNodeB 704 triggers.
As previously pointed out, use the dynamic spectrum shared ideas of cognitive radio technology and the disclosure to describe for detecting and assigning the process of unappropriated frequency band easily to be revised by those skilled in the art and to be applied to various radio access technologies.The radio access technologies that the position of in addition, in network/across a network SME 500a/500b and specifically implementing can be applied according to the program and changing.
Exemplary concrete enforcement of the present disclosure also utilizes the radio of software definition (SDR) and reconfigurable RF and/or Base-Band Processing in eNodeB 704 and UE 202, because both eNodeB 704 and UE 202 all do not have the priori of the RF frequency band that can be assigned to eNodeB, and therefore when distribution or when deallocating one or more interim secondary RF carrier wave, need eNodeB 704 and UE 202 automatically to configure/reconfigure their RF circuit.
Will also be understood that, consider from different frequency bands is assigned to this type of different radio access technologies relevant can after compatible problem, there is other service condition of the present disclosure, such as such as in following form: between the multiple base stations supporting different radio access technologies (RAT) by network/across a network SME 500a/500b dynamically shares RF spectrum or other resource.
In addition, although describe above-described embodiment in the context of the frequency spectrum of license, should be understood that untapped usable spectrum (white space) of the present disclosure can be license or unlicensed (or both mixing).In specifically implementing at one, in network/across a network SME 500a/500b is configured to distinguish between licensed RF bands and unlicensed RF frequency band, and provide to radio access system when considering this attribute and assign frequency band (such as, by will the spectrum allocation may of license to cellular system, and give unlicensed system such as Wi-Fi by unlicensed spectrum allocation may).
Although should be appreciated that some aspect of the present disclosure is described with regard to the concrete order of the step of method, these describe for method widely of the present disclosure is only exemplary, and can modify according to the demand of application-specific.In some cases, some step can become unnecessary or optional.In addition, some step or function can be added into disclosed embodiment of this invention, or the order of the performance of two or more steps can be arranged.This type of modification all are all regarded as being included in disclosed in this invention disclosing with in claimed this paper.
Although foregoing detailed description illustrates, describe and indicate the novel feature being applied to various embodiment of the present disclosure, but be to be understood that, in the case of not departing from the present disclosure, various omission, replacement and change can be made by those skilled in the art in the form and details of shown equipment or process.Foregoing description implements the best mode be susceptible at present of the present disclosure.This specification is never intended to restriction, but should to be considered to for General Principle of the present disclosure be exemplary.The scope of the present disclosure should be determined in conjunction with claim.

Claims (29)

1. a wireless user equipment, comprising:
Processor;
The wave point of data communication is carried out with described processor; With
The logical block of data communication is carried out with described processor and described wave point, described logical block is configured such that described wireless user equipment allows to reconfigure the chain of described wave point or one or more aspects of receive chain, to wait for an opportunity to utilize untapped radio spectrum from the information that network entity receives based on by described wireless user equipment at least in part.
2. wireless user equipment according to claim 1, wherein said logical block is further configured to and makes described wireless user equipment:
Sample for the radio frequency environment of untapped frequency spectrum to described wireless user equipment; And
Give described network entity for producing described information the data report relevant to sampling.
3. wireless user equipment according to claim 2, wherein said sampling comprises the determination to the energy in allocated frequency band or power density.
4. wireless user equipment according to claim 3, wherein obtain described information based on by described network entity pair and the access of the available database relevant with the frequency spectrum resource distributed at least in part, described database can be accessed by multiple different Virtual network operator.
5. dynamic radio frequency resource shares a method, comprising:
The request from the radio frequency resource of base station is received at network entity place;
Identify the untapped radio frequency resource of at least one; And
Distribute at least one resource identified to use for described base station;
Wherein can radio spectrum in any radio frequency resource be all suitable for described distribution.
6. method according to claim 5, wherein said identification behavior uses one or more parameter sensed to perform at least in part cognitively.
7. method according to claim 6, wherein said one or more parameter sensed senses by with the one or more mobile devices carried out communicating in described base station cognitively.
8. method according to claim 6, wherein said one or more parameter sensed by described base station senses cognitively.
9. method according to claim 5, wherein said network entity comprises the network of network management entity based on Long Term Evolution (LTE) with multiple time division duplex (TDD) resource and Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) (FDD) resource, and described untapped radio frequency resource comprises at least one in TDD resource or FDD resource.
10. method according to claim 5, also comprises:
The request to retaining the untapped radio frequency resource of at least one identified is sent to second network entity; And
Receive the mandate to the untapped radio frequency resource of identified at least one;
Wherein saidly be dispensed to the described reception be at least partly based on described mandate.
11. methods according to claim 10, wherein said network entity comprises the spectrum management entity in the evolution block core (EPC) being arranged on the compatible cellular network of Long Term Evolution (LTE), and described base station comprises the eNodeB of described network, and described method also comprises and signals described eNodeB from described spectrum management entity.
12. 1 kinds of dynamic radio frequency resource share frameworks, comprising:
Spectrum management entity; With
The dynamic spectrum carrying out communicating with described spectrum management entity shares entity;
Wherein said spectrum management entity and dynamic spectrum are shared entity and are configured to coordinate to identify untapped radio spectrum, and give at least one base station in (i) multiple base station by identified untapped spectrum allocation may, or at least one radio access technologies in (ii) multiple radio access technologies.
13. frameworks according to claim 12, wherein:
Described spectrum management entity is arranged in the evolution block core (EPC) of the compatible cellular network of Long Term Evolution (LTE), and described dynamic spectrum is shared entity and is arranged in the eNodeB of described network; And
Described framework also comprises shares signaling paths between entity at described spectrum management entity and described dynamic spectrum, and described signaling paths is used at least signaling the described distribution to untapped frequency spectrum.
14. frameworks according to claim 13, wherein comprise existing X2 path or S1 path at described spectrum management entity and the described dynamic spectrum described signaling paths shared between entity, described existing X2 path or S1 path are configured to allow to share between entity and described spectrum management entity at described dynamic spectrum except other signaling capability to send cognitive radio data by signal.
15. frameworks according to claim 14, wherein said framework also comprises cognitive radio plant, described cognitive radio plant is arranged on described eNodeB place and is configured to sense the radio-frequency power in the environment of described eNodeB or energy density, and uses described signaling paths to report the information relevant to sensed radio-frequency power or energy density to described spectrum management entity.
16. 1 kinds, for the resource management apparatus of wireless system, comprising:
Processor;
Be arranged to the first interface carrying out with base station communicating;
Be arranged to the second interface carrying out with network entity communicating; With
Carry out the computerization logical block of data communication with described processor and described first interface and described second interface, described logical block is configured such that described resource management apparatus:
Receive the request to one or more radio frequency resources from described base station;
The database safeguarded by described network entity is visited to determine the utilance of one or more asked radio frequency resources via described second interface;
Obtain data, described base station can be authorized to use one or more radio frequency resources of asking to make described resource management apparatus; And
Generate the signaling of extremely described base station to pass on described mandate.
17. devices according to claim 16, wherein said network entity comprises entity in the network that is only associated with described wireless system.
18. devices according to claim 16, wherein said network entity comprises entity between the network that is associated with described wireless system and at least one the second wireless system, and wherein the operator of operation at least one the second wireless system described is different from the operator operating described wireless system.
19. devices according to claim 16, wherein said first interface is further configured to except bearer network management data between the external described base station of generated signaling and described resource management apparatus.
20. 1 kinds, for the resource shared device of wireless system, comprising:
Processor;
Be arranged to the first interface carrying out with one or more wireless mobile apparatus communicating;
Be arranged to the second interface carrying out with network entity communicating; With
Carry out the computerization logical block of data communication with described processor and described first interface and described second interface, described logical block is configured such that described resource shared device:
Receive data from least one wireless mobile apparatus described one or more wireless mobile apparatus, described data are relevant to cognitive the radio frequency resource sensed;
Send the request at least partially of radio frequency resource that senses of cognition ground to described network entity; And
The mandate of the use to requested resource is sent at least one mobile device described.
21. resource shared devices according to claim 20, the wherein said radio frequency resource sensed comprises the determination to the energy in allocated frequency band or power density cognitively.
The method of 22. 1 kinds of operate wireless subscriber equipmenies, comprising:
Utilize the wave point of described wireless user equipment to sense at least one radio frequency parameter relevant to radio spectrum resource;
The data with at least one parameter correlation sensed are transmitted to network entity via described wave point;
The mandate to using described frequency spectrum resource is received from described network entity; And
Regulate at least one in the chain of described wave point or receive chain to utilize described frequency spectrum resource.
23. 1 kinds of network entities being arranged to dynamic radio frequency resource and sharing, described network entity comprises:
For receiving the device of the request of radio frequency resource from base station;
For identifying the device of the untapped radio frequency resource of at least one; With
For distributing the device that identified at least one resource uses for described base station;
Wherein can radio spectrum in any radio frequency resource be all suitable for described distribution.
24. network entities according to claim 23, wherein said identification uses one or more parameter sensed to perform at least in part cognitively.
25. network entities according to claim 24, wherein said one or more parameter sensed senses by with the one or more mobile devices carried out communicating in described base station cognitively.
26. network entities according to claim 24, wherein said one or more parameter sensed by described base station senses cognitively.
27. network entities according to claim 23, wherein said network entity comprises the network of network management entity based on Long Term Evolution (LTE) with multiple time division duplex (TDD) resource and Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) (FDD) resource, and described untapped radio frequency resource comprises at least one in described TDD resource or FDD resource.
28. network entities according to claim 23, also comprise:
For sending the device to the request retaining the untapped radio frequency resource of at least one identified to second network entity; With
For receiving the device of the mandate to the untapped radio frequency resource of identified at least one;
Wherein saidly be dispensed to the described reception be at least partly based on described mandate.
29. 1 kinds of wireless user equipments, comprising:
For utilizing the wave point of described wireless user equipment to sense the device of at least one radio frequency parameter relevant to radio spectrum resource;
For transmitting the device with the data of at least one parameter correlation sensed via described wave point to network entity;
For receiving the device to the mandate using described frequency spectrum resource from described network entity; With
For regulating at least one in the chain of described wave point or receive chain to utilize the device of described frequency spectrum resource.
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