CN104330693A - Method for detecting temperature and position of hotspot in dry transformer winding - Google Patents
Method for detecting temperature and position of hotspot in dry transformer winding Download PDFInfo
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- CN104330693A CN104330693A CN201410678492.XA CN201410678492A CN104330693A CN 104330693 A CN104330693 A CN 104330693A CN 201410678492 A CN201410678492 A CN 201410678492A CN 104330693 A CN104330693 A CN 104330693A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of working condition supervisory control of a dry transformer winding, and particularly to a method for detecting a temperature and a position of a hotspot in a dry transformer winding. Aiming at the problems of complex temperature measuring process, relatively poor accuracy of the temperature measuring result and incapability of identifying space position information of the hotspot existing in the temperature measurement of the dry transformer winding in the prior art, the invention provides the method for detecting the temperature and the position of the hotspot in the dry transformer winding. The method comprises the steps of: establishing and resolving an infrared thermal radiation model; obtaining accurate real-time temperature information and real-time space position information of a heating part of a low-voltage winding by utilizing an iterative algorithm to realize real-time detection. The method for detecting the temperature and the position of the hotspot in the dry transformer winding is good for discovering abnormality and fault of the dry transformer in time, and serious electric grid operation accidents are avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the working condition monitoring technique field of dry-type transformer winding, particularly the temperature of focus and method for detecting position in a kind of dry-type transformer winding.
Background technology
Along with the development of intelligent grid, the security of operation of electric system to electrical equipment is had higher requirement.Transformer, as the core component of electric system, plays vital effect to the safe operation of guarantee electrical network.Dry-type transformer compared with traditional oil-filled transformer, fire prevention, environmental protection, occupation of land, energy-conservation etc. in all there is certain advantage.Along with the propelling of urbanization and Integration of Urban-rural Areas deeply and the carrying out of residence district construction, the input of dry-type transformer and use more and more general, ensures that the reliability of dry-type transformer work is most important.The transformer of normal operation, because the effect of electric current and voltage can produce fever phenomenon.This heating mainly comprises heating that current effect causes and the heating that voltage effects cause.Wherein, the heating key reaction that current effect causes is in current-carrying power equipment, and the heating key reaction that voltage effects cause is in the change of device interior loss.The heating that normal curtage effect causes and temperature rise and can limit within the range of permission, there will not be local overheating situation.When power equipment breaks down, will there is significant change in the temperature rise of rejected region, and the heating especially caused with current effect will cause local temperature sharply to increase.Because the transformer fault of 90% there will be fever phenomenon, temperature becomes the important mark amount of assessment running state of transformer.Effective temperature information is that plant maintenance personnel understand transformer fault in time in real time, finds potential defect, gets rid of hidden danger and provides important reference to avoid larger accident.
Existing dry-type transformer temperature checking method comprises contact temperature-measuring and the large class of contactless temperature-measuring two.Wherein, contact temperature-measuring comprises optical fiber temperature-measurement, wireless temperature measurement and traditional resistive contact temp measuring method.Contactless temperature-measuring generally adopts thermal infrared imager to carry out thermometric.Existing touch thermometric and contactless temperature-measuring method all also exist obvious shortcoming.For contact temperature-measuring method and device thereof, the shortcoming of existence mainly comprises: (1) contact temperature-measuring likely changes the temperature field of testee and the distribution in magnetic field, there is certain impact to testee itself; (2) contact temperature-measuring result has time delay, and the heat transfer between testee and temperature element needs the regular hour, and therefore temperature-measuring results exists certain delayed; (3) high pressure of electrical equipment, highfield and high-intensity magnetic field can bring certain impact to the temperature measurement accuracy of temperature probe itself.For contactless temperature-measuring, red thermal imaging system is adopted at present usually to coordinate The Cloud Terrace to gather Transformer Winding heat picture, and by the infrared image of special image analysis software analysis acquisition.Thermal infrared imager price is high, complicated operation, carry inconvenience, and image analyzing and processing technology is generally comparatively complicated, and existing image analyzing and processing technology imperfection, thermometric accuracy is poor.In addition, existing contact temperature-measuring and contactless temperature-measuring method all show poor in the location recognition of focus.
Summary of the invention
Complicated to the thermometric process that exists in dry-type transformer winding temperature measurement for prior art, temperature-measuring results accuracy is poor and can not identify the problem of focus spatial positional information, the invention provides temperature and the method for detecting position of focus in a kind of dry-type transformer winding.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The temperature of focus and a method for detecting position in dry-type transformer winding, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
A () gathers the temperature of more than one temperature monitoring point on dry-type transformer high pressure winding outside surface, all temperature monitoring points are all positioned on an xsect of high pressure winding, and adjacent temperature monitoring dot spacing is identical.
B () sets up the infrared emanation model between dry-type transformer high pressure winding and low pressure winding, all expand into 2 parallel rectangle stereoscopic panel at this infrared emanation model mesohigh winding and low pressure winding, in this infrared emanation model, set up three-dimensional system of coordinate.
C () chooses more than one low pressure winding bin in infrared emanation model and three-dimensional system of coordinate
, write each low pressure winding bin according to Lambertian radiation theorem row
project high pressure winding inside surface bin
flux density
equation, each flux density
equation is all with low pressure winding bin
temperature and coordinate be parameter; High pressure winding inside surface bin
with the point of temperature monitoring described in step (a) one_to_one corresponding, for each high pressure winding inside surface bin
row write a flux density
equation.
D 4 lateral surfaces expanding into the high pressure winding of rectangle stereoscopic panel are considered as adiabatic face by (), only consider the radiant heat transfer of high pressure winding surfaces externally and internally, and row write steady heat conduction equation and the boundary condition equation of high pressure winding inside.
E () sets up space vector
m, space vector
melement
, wherein
for low pressure winding bin
temperature,
for low pressure winding bin
coordinate in the three-dimensional system of coordinate of infrared emanation model.
F () makes space vector
minitialization, by initialized space vector
msubstitute into flux density
equation, steady heat conduction equation and boundary condition equation, try to achieve each high pressure winding inside surface bin
the temperature valuation of corresponding high pressure winding outside surface
.
G () is by temperature valuation
substitute into condition criterion formula, i.e. formula 6, if condition criterion formula is set up, then current spatial vector
mfor optimum solution, if condition criterion formula is false, then perform step (h).
（6）
Wherein,
nfor step (c) mesohigh winding inside surface bin
quantity, i.e. the quantity of temperature monitoring point in step (a).
for each high pressure winding inside surface bin of trying to achieve in step (f)
the temperature valuation of corresponding high pressure winding outside surface
.
for the observed temperature of temperature monitoring point collected in step (a).
for final required accuracy requirement, it is a less positive number.
(h) iterative computation: order
, wherein
be
kthe step-size in search of secondary iteration, is shown in formula 7,
be
kthe conjugation direction of search of secondary iteration, is shown in formula 8,
,
kfor iterations.
（7）
（8）
Will
substitute into flux density
equation, steady heat conduction equation and boundary condition equation, try to achieve new temperature valuation
.By the temperature valuation of newly trying to achieve
substitute into condition criterion formula, if condition criterion formula is set up, then stop iteration and judge current spatial vector
for optimum solution, if condition criterion formula is false, then repeated execution of steps (h) is until try to achieve space vector
optimum solution.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: 1. perform temperature and position detection that technical solution of the present invention step (a) ~ (h) can complete focus in dry-type transformer winding, obtain temperature and the positional information of focus in dry-type transformer winding accurately, the metrical error of its temperature and position is all within 0.9%.2. technical solution of the present invention mainly comprises and sets up infrared emanation model, the solving and iterative optimum solution of system of equations, and obtain temperature and three-dimensional spatial positional information by the test image data of one dimension, the process of data acquisition and calculating is all comparatively succinct.3. the temperature of technical solution of the present invention to high pressure winding outside surface gathers, set up from low pressure winding to the Three Dimensional Thermal of high pressure winding conduction inverse problem model according to theory of infrared radiation, real time temperature information and the real-time spatial position information at low pressure heating in winding position can be obtained accurately, realize detecting in real time, be conducive to exception and the fault of Timeliness coverage dry-type transformer, avoid great power grid operation accident occurs.4. technical solution of the present invention implementation cost is lower.
The technology of the present invention process is simple, and implementation cost is cheap, and accuracy of detection is higher, and in the dry-type transformer winding being applicable to various model, the temperature of focus and position are detected, and have wide promotion and application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the temperature of focus and the circuit theory diagrams of position detecting device in dry-type transformer winding.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of infrared emanation model in the present invention.
Embodiment
Set up temperature and the position detecting device of focus in dry-type transformer winding according to Fig. 2, this device comprises the direct voltage source of S10-1 type infrared sensor U1, driver element, data acquisition unit, industrial computer and 24V.Driver element comprises LM2575 type switching regulator U2 and voltage stabilizer coordinates circuit, and voltage stabilizer coordinates circuit to comprise potentiometer RP, inductance L 1, electric capacity C1 ~ C2 and diode T1.Electric capacity C2 is connected between the VIN end of voltage stabilizer U2 and ground, and diode T1 is oppositely connected between the OUT end of voltage stabilizer U2 and ground, is connected between the OUT end of voltage stabilizer U2 and ground after inductance L 1 and electric capacity C1 connect.The series connection node of inductance L 1 and electric capacity C1 is the output terminal of high precision drive voltage signal.Potentiometer RP is connected between the FB end of voltage stabilizer U2 and this series connection node.The GND end of voltage stabilizer U2 and ON/OFF hold ground connection.Data acquisition unit comprises the input end of the output termination data collecting card U4 of voltage follower U3 and PCI-9812 type data collecting card U4, voltage follower U3.
Direct voltage source connects the non-voltage of voltage regulation input end of voltage stabilizer U2, i.e. the VIN end of voltage stabilizer U2.The switching voltage output terminal of voltage stabilizer U2, namely the OUT end of voltage stabilizer U2 exports high precision drive voltage signal through inductance L 1, and this high precision drive voltage signal can meet the need of work of infrared sensor U1.This high precision drive voltage signal connects the drive end of infrared sensor U1, and the output terminal of infrared sensor U1 exports real-time temperature-voltage signal.This temperature-voltage signal transfers to industrial computer through voltage follower U3 and data collecting card U4.
In the present embodiment, the precision of the driving voltage of infrared sensor U1 is comparatively large to thermometric Accuracy, requires that the driving voltage of infrared sensor U1 has higher stability.Consider practicality and the economy of device, the present embodiment devises special 24V DC voltage-stabilizing driver element for powering to infrared sensor U1, ensure that the accuracy that infrared sensor U1 works.In the present embodiment, the input impedance of data collecting card U4 can select 50 Ω or 1.25K Ω.The minimum load impedance of infrared sensor U1 is 10k
.If infrared sensor U1 directly meets data collecting card U4, input and output impedance mismatch problem being there is, greatly declining causing the accuracy of device collection signal.Voltage follower has high input impedance and low output impedance.Between infrared sensor U1 and data collecting card U4, connect voltage follower U3, input and output impedance mismatch problem can be evaded.Meanwhile, the signal of infrared sensor U1 and the signal of industrial computer are isolated by voltage follower U3, ensure that the safety of infrared temperature measurement system and industrial computer system.
With reference to Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, in dry-type transformer winding, the temperature of focus and method for detecting position comprise the following steps:
A () utilizes temperature and the position detecting device of focus in the dry-type transformer winding according to Fig. 2 establishment, gather the temperature of 5 temperature monitoring points on dry-type transformer high pressure winding outside surface, these 5 temperature monitoring points are all positioned on an xsect of high pressure winding, and adjacent temperature monitoring dot spacing is identical.
B () sets up the infrared emanation model between dry-type transformer high pressure winding and low pressure winding, 2 parallel rectangle stereoscopic panel are all expanded at this infrared emanation model mesohigh winding and low pressure winding, in this infrared emanation model, set up three-dimensional system of coordinate, see Fig. 3.In the present embodiment, three-dimensional system of coordinate launches the bottom left vertex of the rectangle stereoscopic panel upper outer surface formed for true origin O with high pressure winding, vertically to point to the direction of low pressure winding from true origin O for Y-axis, with from true origin O direction vertically upward for Z axis, vertically to point to direction outside plane YOZ from true origin O for X-axis.
In the present embodiment, consider the symmetrical structure of dry-type transformer high pressure winding and low pressure winding, only choose mutually corresponding high pressure winding 1/4 part and low pressure winding 1/4 part, expand into 2 parallel rectangle stereoscopic panel, see Fig. 3.Wherein, the rectangle stereoscopic panel dimensions that high pressure winding 1/4 part is launched to be formed is
, the inside and outside semidiameter of high pressure winding is
, the distance between high pressure winding and low pressure winding is
.
C () chooses 25 low pressure winding bins in infrared emanation model and three-dimensional system of coordinate
, write each low pressure winding bin according to Lambertian radiation theorem row
project high pressure winding inside surface bin
flux density
equation, each flux density
equation is all with low pressure winding bin
temperature and coordinate be parameter.High pressure winding inside surface bin
with the point of temperature monitoring described in step (a) one_to_one corresponding, for each high pressure winding inside surface bin
row write a flux density
equation, is shown in formula 1 ~ 2.
Low pressure winding bin
coordinate be
, its area is
, temperature is
, radiance is
.High pressure winding inside surface bin
coordinate be
, its area is
.Low pressure winding bin
with high pressure winding inside surface bin
between distance be
, i.e. point
with point
between line segment
length be
.High pressure winding inside surface bin
normal and line segment
between angle be
, low pressure winding bin
normal and line segment
between angle be
.2 the rectangle stereoscopic panel launching to be formed due to high pressure winding and low pressure winding are parallel, have
.
Single low pressure winding bin
project high pressure winding inside surface bin
flux density
calculating, see formula 1.By all 25 low pressure winding bins
at high pressure winding inside surface bin
the flux density that place produces adds up, and obtains high pressure winding inside surface bin
the built-up radiation current density at place
, see formula 2.
（1）
（2）
Wherein,
for semidiameter inside and outside high pressure winding,
for the distance between high pressure winding and low pressure winding,
for low pressure winding bin
area,
for low pressure winding bin
temperature,
for low pressure winding bin
coordinate,
for high pressure winding inside surface bin
coordinate,
for this special fence-Boltzmann constant.
D 4 lateral surfaces of the 1/4 high pressure winding expanding into rectangle stereoscopic panel are considered as adiabatic face by (), only consider the radiant heat transfer of high pressure winding surfaces externally and internally, and row write steady heat conduction equation and the boundary condition equation of high pressure winding inside, see formula 3 ~ 4.
（3）
（4）
Wherein,
for boundary coefficient of heat transfer,
kfor the coefficient of heat transfer of high pressure winding inside,
tfor the temperature of high pressure winding outside surface,
for the density of high pressure winding material and the density of copper product,
cfor the specific heat capacity of high pressure winding and the specific heat capacity of copper product,
for the time,
for the heat generation rate of unit volume high pressure winding,
for 1/4 high pressure winding launches the rectangle stereoscopic panel dimensions that formed,
the value of rear high pressure winding temperature is stablized in the heat transfer represented.
E () sets up space vector
m, space vector
melement
, wherein
for low pressure winding bin
temperature,
for low pressure winding bin
coordinate in the three-dimensional system of coordinate of infrared emanation model.Space vector
mcomprise all discrete low pressure winding bins
temperature information and spatial positional information, solution room vector
mnamely the temperature and the position that achieve focus in dry-type transformer winding are detected.
F () makes space vector
minitialization, by initialized space vector
msubstitute into flux density
equation (i.e. formula 1 ~ 2), steady heat conduction equation (i.e. formula 3) and boundary condition equation (i.e. formula 4), try to achieve each high pressure winding inside surface bin
the temperature valuation of corresponding high pressure winding outside surface
.
In this example, SCB10-30/10 type dry-type transformer is used to carry out testing and calculating.The height of SCB10-30/10 type dry-type transformer mesolow winding
, the external radius of low pressure winding
, the inside and outside semidiameter of high pressure winding
, the distance between high pressure winding and low pressure winding
.In the present embodiment, the y-axis coordinate of rectangle stereoscopic panel in three-dimensional system of coordinate that 1/4 low pressure winding launches to be formed is constant, and its y-axis coordinate is
; Its length in the z-axis direction
; Its length is in the direction of the x axis
.ANSYS simulation calculation is utilized to obtain each low pressure winding bin
initial temperature
, in table 1.
Table 1
| i | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Initial temperature |
Space vector
mduring initialization, each low pressure winding bin wherein related to
coordinate
relation coincidence formula 5.Represent to represent convenient, in embodiment, coordinate all uses mm for unit, but m should be used in the process of actual iterative computation as unit.
（5）
Given low pressure winding bin
coordinate
, according to formula (5), other low pressure winding bins
coordinate in table 2.
Table 2
| j i | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| 1 | |||||
| 2 | |||||
| 3 | |||||
| 4 | |||||
| 5 |
G () is by temperature valuation
substitute into condition criterion formula, i.e. formula 6, if formula 6 is set up, then current spatial vector
mfor optimum solution, if formula 6 is false, then perform step (h).
（6）
Wherein,
nfor step (c) mesohigh winding inside surface bin
quantity, i.e. the quantity of temperature monitoring point in step (a), in the present embodiment
.
for each high pressure winding inside surface bin of trying to achieve in step (f)
the temperature valuation of corresponding high pressure winding outside surface
.
for the observed temperature of temperature monitoring point collected in step (a).
for one that meets accuracy requirement arbitrarily small positive number, in the present embodiment
0.1.
(h) iterative computation: order
, wherein
be
kthe step-size in search of secondary iteration, is shown in formula 7,
be
kthe conjugation direction of search of secondary iteration, is shown in formula 8,
,
kfor iterations.
（7）
（8）
Will
substitute into flux density
equation (i.e. formula 1 ~ 2), steady heat conduction equation (i.e. formula 3) and boundary condition equation (i.e. formula 4), try to achieve new temperature valuation
.By the temperature valuation of newly trying to achieve
substitute into formula 6, if formula 6 is set up, then stop iteration and judge current spatial vector
for optimum solution, if formula 6 is false, then repeated execution of steps (h) is until try to achieve space vector
optimum solution.
The above embodiment is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and and the feasible enforcement of non-invention exhaustive.For persons skilled in the art, to any apparent change done by it under the prerequisite not deviating from the principle of the invention and spirit, all should be contemplated as falling with within claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the temperature of focus and a method for detecting position in dry-type transformer winding, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
A () gathers the temperature of more than one temperature monitoring point on dry-type transformer high pressure winding outside surface, described temperature monitoring point is all positioned on an xsect of high pressure winding, and adjacent temperature monitoring dot spacing is identical;
B () sets up the infrared emanation model between dry-type transformer high pressure winding and low pressure winding, described infrared emanation model mesohigh winding and low pressure winding expand into 2 parallel rectangle stereoscopic panel, in described infrared emanation model, set up three-dimensional system of coordinate;
C () chooses more than one low pressure winding bin in described infrared emanation model and three-dimensional system of coordinate
, write described low pressure winding bin according to Lambertian radiation theorem row
project high pressure winding inside surface bin
flux density
equation, described flux density
equation is with low pressure winding bin
temperature and coordinate be parameter, described high pressure winding inside surface bin
with the point of temperature monitoring described in step (a) one_to_one corresponding;
D 4 lateral surfaces expanding into the high pressure winding of rectangle stereoscopic panel are considered as adiabatic face by (), only consider the radiant heat transfer of high pressure winding surfaces externally and internally, and row write steady heat conduction equation and the boundary condition equation of high pressure winding inside;
E () sets up space vector
m, described space vector
melement
, wherein
for described low pressure winding bin
temperature,
for described low pressure winding bin
coordinate;
F () makes space vector
minitialization, by initialized space vector
msubstitute into described flux density
equation, steady heat conduction equation and boundary condition equation, try to achieve each high pressure winding inside surface bin
the temperature valuation of corresponding high pressure winding outside surface
;
G () is by temperature valuation
substitute into condition criterion formula, i.e. formula 6, if condition criterion formula is set up, then current spatial vector
mfor optimum solution, if condition criterion formula is false, then perform step (h);
（6）
Wherein,
nfor the winding of high pressure described in step (c) inside surface bin
quantity, i.e. the quantity of the point of temperature monitoring described in step (a);
for each high pressure winding inside surface bin described of trying to achieve in step (f)
the temperature valuation of corresponding high pressure winding outside surface
;
for the observed temperature of described temperature monitoring point collected in step (a);
for final required accuracy requirement;
(h) iterative computation: order
, wherein
be
kthe step-size in search of secondary iteration, is shown in formula 7,
be
kthe conjugation direction of search of secondary iteration, is shown in formula 8,
,
kfor iterations;
（7）
（8）
Will
substitute into described flux density
equation, steady heat conduction equation and boundary condition equation, try to achieve new temperature valuation
; By the temperature valuation newly asked
substitute into condition criterion formula, if condition criterion formula is set up, then stop iteration and judge current spatial vector
for optimum solution, if condition criterion formula is false, then repeated execution of steps (h).
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|---|---|---|---|
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410678492.XA CN104330693B (en) | 2014-11-24 | 2014-11-24 | The temperature and method for detecting position of hot spot in a kind of dry-type transformer winding |
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| CN104330693B CN104330693B (en) | 2018-07-03 |
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| CN104697664A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-06-10 | 深圳太辰光通信股份有限公司 | Method for adjusting hot-spot temperature on-line monitoring of transformer winding |
| CN105301395A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-03 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | SF6 transformer fault early warning apparatus and application method thereof |
| CN109945977A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-28 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A kind of dry-type transformer thermal fault detection method and system |
| CN111413556A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-07-14 | 江苏方天电力技术有限公司 | Transformer fault diagnosis method based on CT technology |
| CN112594895A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-04-02 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Intelligent regulation and control method and system for temperature of outdoor unit |
| CN113900049A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-07 | 吴江变压器有限公司 | Three-phase transformer fault detection method |
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| CN113900049A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2022-01-07 | 吴江变压器有限公司 | Three-phase transformer fault detection method |
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