CN104330621A - Electric appliance energy consumption tester - Google Patents

Electric appliance energy consumption tester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104330621A
CN104330621A CN201410630853.3A CN201410630853A CN104330621A CN 104330621 A CN104330621 A CN 104330621A CN 201410630853 A CN201410630853 A CN 201410630853A CN 104330621 A CN104330621 A CN 104330621A
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China
Prior art keywords
voltage
circuit
chip microcomputer
energy consumption
current
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CN201410630853.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李洪群
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Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology
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Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology
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Priority to CN201410630853.3A priority Critical patent/CN104330621A/en
Publication of CN104330621A publication Critical patent/CN104330621A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses an electric appliance energy consumption tester. The tester comprises a current detection circuit, a voltage detection circuit, an electric energy measuring circuit and a single-chip microcomputer. The current detection circuit is used for detecting the load current and outputting a first voltage signal corresponding to the current. The voltage detection circuit is used for detecting the load voltage and outputting a second voltage signal corresponding to the voltage. The electric energy measuring circuit is connected with the current detection circuit and the voltage detection circuit to obtain and convert the detected first and second voltage signals into active power to be output in a pulse mode. The single-chip microcomputer comprises two interrupt ports, wherein one interrupt port is connected with the electric energy measuring circuit to receive active power in the pulse mode, and the other interrupt port is connected with a clock circuit to receive clock signals. The single-chip microcomputer calculates energy consumption and electricity prices of the load according to the active power in the pulse mode and the clock signals.

Description

Electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument
Technical field
The present invention relates to measurement technical field of measurement and test, particularly a kind of electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument.
 
Background technology
, energy-intensive day by day serious in energy resource consumption today, scientific utilization of electricity, rational utilization of electricity are advocated in the whole nation from the leadership to the masses, and most scope is advocated multiple rate charging and used electricity in off-peak hours in the whole nation.Therefore, electric energy management and electric energy meter performance are proposed to the requirement of high precision, broadband, multi-functional height such as grade.
Electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument is exactly the special single-phase electric energy meter of a function in fact in principle.Electric energy meter can be divided into induction type electric energy meter and electronic electric energy meter by structure and working principle.Induction type electric energy meter and traditional physical construction electric energy meter, although it is very ripe technically, but still there are some obvious shortcomings in T&B.As have in using accuracy low, be suitable for narrow, the single backwardness of function singleness, mechanical wear, meter reading method of frequency range, easily stealing, multi tariff billing requirements etc. cannot be met.
But at present, China especially rural area still has greatly mechanical sense to answer electric energy meter, based on the intrinsic drawback of mechanical power energy meter, mechanical power energy meter or can not meet the needs of electric energy metrical.It is a kind of inexorable trend that electronic electric energy meter replaces mechanical induction type electric energy meter.
 
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, provide a kind of electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument.The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument, comprising:
Current detection circuit, in order to detect load current, exports one first voltage signal corresponding to electric current;
Voltage detecting circuit, in order to detect load voltage, exports one second voltage signal corresponding to voltage;
Ic for energy metering, connects current detection circuit and voltage detecting circuit, obtains the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal that detect, and converts the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to active power, export with impulse form;
Single-chip microcomputer, comprise two interruptive ports, wherein an interruptive port connects ic for energy metering, the active power of received pulse form, another interruptive port connects a clock circuit, receive clock signal, single-chip microcomputer is according to the energy consumption of the active power of impulse form and clock signal computational load, the electricity charge.
Preferably, current detection circuit comprises: shunt, voltage sensor, and shunt receives load current, and current sensor detects the voltage at shunt two ends, exports the first voltage signal.
Preferably, voltage detecting circuit comprises a resistor voltage divider network, and resistor voltage divider network comprises the resistance that some resistances arrange from big to small, changes total resistance of resistor voltage divider network by wire jumper shorted section resistance.
Preferably, the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are by sending into ic for energy metering after a filter attenuation high fdrequency component.
Preferably, ic for energy metering and single-chip microcomputer comprise a power circuit respectively, to provide operating voltage;
The power circuit of ic for energy metering comprises:
Voltage dependent resistor (VDR), in order to absorb surge current;
Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, connects voltage dependent resistor (VDR), in order to rectifying and wave-filtering;
Mu balanced circuit, connects current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, exports the operating voltage needed for ic for energy metering;
The power circuit of single-chip microcomputer comprises:
Power transformer, in order to be transformed into AC low-tension by civil power;
Bridge rectifier circuit, connects power transformer, in order to rectification and filtering;
Fixed three terminal regulator, connect bridge rectifier circuit, the DC voltage at fixed three terminal regulator two ends after voltage stabilizing and frequency compensation, as the operating voltage of single-chip microcomputer.
Preferably, be connected by photoelectric isolating circuit between ic for energy metering with single-chip microcomputer.
Preferably, also comprise display circuit and key circuit, respectively in order to display and the control to single-chip microcomputer.
The present invention is more accurate compared to the metering of traditional electric energy meter, and antijamming capability is stronger, and power consumption is also lower, also has good expansion simultaneously.
 
Accompanying drawing explanation
Shown in Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Shown in Fig. 2 is the pin schematic diagram of ic for energy metering ADE7755;
Shown in Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of electric energy metrical electricity;
Shown in Fig. 4 is the structural representation of resistor voltage divider network;
Shown in Fig. 5 is the power circuit schematic diagram of ic for energy metering;
Shown in Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of photoelectric isolating circuit;
Shown in Fig. 7 is the pin schematic diagram of single-chip microcomputer P89V51RD2;
Shown in Fig. 8 is the power circuit schematic diagram of single-chip microcomputer.
 
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing of the present invention; clear, complete description and discussion are carried out to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention; obviously; as described herein is only a part of example of the present invention; it is not whole examples; based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the prerequisite not making creative work, all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
For the ease of the understanding to the embodiment of the present invention, be further explained for specific embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, and each embodiment does not form the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument, comprising: current detection circuit 2, voltage detecting circuit 1, ic for energy metering 3, single-chip microcomputer 4, clock circuit 5, display circuit 7 and key circuit 8.Give the concrete model of device in figure, but the present invention is not as limit.By the collection of electric current, voltage signal, by the electric energy metrical process of ADE7755, input to single-chip microcomputer with pulse situation, real-time clock controls to carry out double-direction control with Single-chip Controlling, and electric energy shows by Single-chip Controlling button and display circuit.
By the sampled signal of electric current and voltage, respectively through the ic for energy metering 3 based on ADE7755, the output of ic for energy metering 3 low frequency is the accumulative generation by the active power information to electric current and voltage signal, namely export through cumulative for a long time between pulse at two, therefore output frequency is proportional to average active power.When this average active power information is added up further, just electric energy metrical information can be obtained.Ic for energy metering 3 by electric energy metrical information transmission to single-chip microcomputer 4(P89V51RD2), single-chip microcomputer 4 by key circuit 8 regulate and display circuit 7 shows, clock circuit 5 provides clock signal.
The ic for energy metering 3 of electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument adopts integrated circuit to take ADE7755 as core, it have high precision, high-performance, the way of output flexibly, low-power consumption, the advantage such as low cost.
As shown in Figure 2,3, because ADE7755 is only in ADC(analog to digital conversion) and reference circuit in employ mimic channel, other signal transacting is all completed by digital circuit, this makes still can keep high accuracy and long stability under rugged environment, pin F1, F2 are with the mean value of low frequency form active power of output, can Direct driver electromechanical counter, or with microcontroller interface, pin CF with the instantaneous value of high frequency regimes active power of output, for the calibration of electric energy meter.Chip internal two ADC carry out digitizing to the voltage signal from electric current and voltage sensor.Make the analog input structure of ADE7755 have wide dynamic range, enormously simplify the design of sensor interface and frequency overlapped-resistable filter.HPF in current channel filters the DC component in current signal, thus eliminates the error that the effective power meter that causes due to voltage or current imbalance counts in.Active power derives from instantaneous power signal to calculate, and instantaneous power signal electric current and voltage signal are directly multiplied and obtain.In order to obtain real power component (i.e. DC component), as long as carry out low-pass filtering to instantaneous power signal.Fig. 3 shows instantaneous active power and how to obtain active power by carrying out low-pass filtering to instantaneous power signal.Signal transacting all in this process is all completed by digital circuit, therefore has excellent temperature and time stability.It is by the accumulative generation to above-mentioned active power information that the low frequency of ADE7755 exports, and namely export through cumulative for a long time between pulse at two, therefore output frequency is proportional to average active power.When this average active power information is added up further, just electric energy metrical information can be obtained.Thus obtain electric energy metrical, the electricity charge conversion of independent household electrical appliance energy consumption testing instrument.
First, load current is sent to the current channel of electric energy computation chip ADE7755 again by converting suitable voltage signal after filtering circuit to through overcurrent sensing circuit 2, i.e. V1P and V1N end; 220V voltage is then by after step-down, sent into the voltage channel of ADE7755 again by filtering circuit, namely both V2P and V2N ends convert active power to through ADE7755 and export from CF end the external interrupt signal input end being then linked into single-chip microcomputer P89V51RD2 with high-frequency impulse form.Ic for energy metering 3 mainly realizes electric power signal being carried out process and being transferred to single-chip microcomputer 4 in the form of a pulse.
Current detection circuit 2 adopts shunt to measure the mode of electric current.Because shunt has low cost and there will not be magnetic to satisfy or affect the feature of phase place, according to ADE7755 internal current path, there is programmable gain amplifier in addition, allow the shunt using little resistance, so adopt shunt to measure electric current here.When electric current flows through shunt, just there will be the voltage of a millivolt level at its two ends, so measure this voltage with millivolt voltage sensor, then this voltage is converted into the measurement that electric current just completes electric current.
Voltage detecting circuit 1 adopts electric resistance partial pressure method by line voltage dividing potential drop, and as shown in Figure 4, resistor voltage divider network resistance several resistance is from big to small formed, and when calibrating by the resistance that wire jumper short circuit is different, voltage channel differential input voltage is met the demands.Voltage channel design is from Analysis of Electric Circuit Theory, and voltage channel circuit is actually a bleeder circuit, by electric resistance partial pressure, guarantees that the signal voltage in ADE7755 voltage channel is in the scope of its work.Due to the environment of electric energy meter and the error of component parameters, in voltage attenuation network, design a resistance adjustment network, the size of signal voltage can be adjusted in certain scope, effect ADE7755 electric energy exports the frequency of pulse, the precision of adjustment electric energy meter, therefore voltage attenuation network here plays again verification network and is called as verification network.Short circuit resistance is carried out thus the total resistance value changing whole resistor network plays adjustment and the object corrected by wire jumper.
In order to prevent sampling distortion (occurring aliasing), circuit devises frequency overlapped-resistable filter at the input end of electric current and voltage channel.Wave filter is made up of 1 1K Ω resistance and 1 0.033uF electric capacity, it is typical low-pass filter, it decays and is greater than 40dB under the frequency of 900kHz, the high fdrequency component that can effectively decay in input signal, reduces high fdrequency component near inner ADC sample frequency (900kHz) to the impact of the interior signal sampling result of useful band (0 ~ 2kHz).
As shown in Figure 5, in order to make ic for energy metering obtain stable operating voltage.Mu balanced circuit IC101(78L05 is sent into through overcommutation filtering circuit by after the civil power step-down of 220V), the 5V voltage of output is as the operating voltage of ADE7755.In order to avoid electromagnetic interference (EMI), make the work that circuit is more reliable and more stable, signal input part and power input all employ magnetic bead in circuit, and use voltage dependent resistor (VDR) RV101 for absorbing surge current, thus obtain working power.
As shown in Figure 6, in actual applications, between the link of many circuit, need the connection of non-immediate, thus avoid damaging another part from the dangerous voltage of a system part or electric current while data are provided.Usual employing circuit isolation, is reached through isolated component and the path of interference is cut off, thus reach the object suppressing interference.So the design selects Phototube Coupling method at the pulse output of ic for energy metering, send single-chip microcomputer to by the mode of photoelectric coupling.The pulse that ADE7755 exports is isolated by photoelectrical coupler OP101, is convenient to be connected with other circuit.Whether LED101 is synchronous with the output of metrical pulse, can be used for supervisory electronic circuit normally work thus reach the effect of in real time monitoring.
As shown in Figure 7, single-chip microcomputer P89V51RD2, as main control chip, controls the operation of whole circuit.Governor circuit design is divided into power circuit, single-chip microcomputer and peripheral circuit thereof, real time clock circuit, key circuit, each and every one part of display circuit five.By the process of the pulse signal to ic for energy metering, and exported by display circuit thus realize the function of independent household electrical appliance energy consumption testing instrument.
Wherein, P0.0-P0.6 is for detecting 7 buttons, and P1.0-P1.3 controls display circuit, and P2.7 controls hummer.2 interruptive port INT0 with INT1 of single-chip microcomputer are connected with ic for energy metering and clock circuit respectively, detect electric energy metrical pulse and sprocket pulse.As following analysis:
P0.0-P0.6 detects for detecting 7 buttons, and P0 mouth is one 8 and opens Lou two-way I/O mouth, and during write " 1 ", P0 mouth suspends, and can be used as high-resistance state input.When accessing external program and data store, P0 mouth is multiplexed with low order address and data bus, in application, P0 mouth utilizes strong inner pull-up to send level"1", and P0 mouth can accept code byte and send code byte in outside host mode checking procedure in outside host mode programming process.P0 mouth is as program ver-ify or by all needing connection external pull-up resistor during I/O mouth.
P1.0-P1.3 controls display circuit, and P1 mouth is 8 bidirectional interfaces of a band internal pull-up resistor, and during write " 1 ", P1 mouth is drawn high by inner pull-up, can be used as input, when being used as input, due to the existence of inner pull-up.By Absorption Current I when P1 mouth is dragged down by external devices.In outside host mode programming and verification, P1 mouth also can accept LO address byte, and P1.0 is I/O type, T2: the outside progression input of timer/counter 2 or clock export.P1.1 is I type, T2EX: triggering and direction controlling are caught/reset to timer/counter 2.P1.2 is I type, ECI, and external clock inputs, the external clock input of PCA.P1.3 mouth is I/O type, CEXO, PCA module 0 catch/compare exterior I/O mouth, eachly to catch/comparison module connects a P1 mouth and be used as exterior I/O mouth, still can be used as standard I/O mouth when this mouthful of line is not taken by PCA.So here P1.0-P1.3 as control display circuit.
Control to connect hummer by P2.7, because P2 mouth is 8 bidirectional interfaces of an inner pull-up of band.During write " 1 ", P2 mouth is drawn high by inner pull-up, can be used as input.When being used as input, due to the existence of inner pull-up, by Absorption Current when P2 mouth is dragged down by external devices.During the external data memory of early value external program memory or access 16 bit address, P2 mouth sends high address.In application, P2 mouth utilizes strong inner pull-up to send " 1 ", and in outside host mode programming and verification, P2 mouth can accept number control signal and part upper address bits.
2 middle fracture P3.2INT0 with P3.3INT1 of single-chip microcomputer are connected with ic for energy metering and real time clock circuit respectively, detect electric energy metrical pulse and sprocket pulse.Pulse signal and the clock circuit signal of electric energy metrical is controlled by middle fracture.
As shown in Figure 8, single-chip microcomputer adopts self-control Power supply mode, 220V electric main is transformed into AC low-tension by power transformer T401, again through bridge rectifier circuit rectification and filtering, formed at the two ends of fixed three terminal regulator one not very galvanic current pressure+V1 as the operating voltage of hummer, this DC voltage, through the voltage stabilizing of 7805 and the frequency compensation of electric capacity, just creates at the output terminal of stabilized voltage supply that precision is high, the good+5V VD of degree of stability.
The keyboard of key circuit forms simple keyboard with seven buttons and a pull-up resistor, and seven buttons are connected with the P0.0-P0.7 mouth of single-chip microcomputer respectively, and after keyboard is pressed, corresponding mouth is dragged down as low level, and then realizes the control to single-chip microcomputer.The object of pull-up resistor is to allow single-chip microcomputer when not exporting, and is high level.When button is pressed, extraneous input low level, a saltus step occurs, and single-chip microcomputer just can process rapidly, practical function.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.

Claims (7)

1. an electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument, is characterized in that, comprising:
Current detection circuit, in order to detect load current, exports one first voltage signal corresponding to electric current;
Voltage detecting circuit, in order to detect load voltage, exports one second voltage signal corresponding to voltage;
Ic for energy metering, connect described current detection circuit and described voltage detecting circuit, obtain described first voltage signal and described second voltage signal that detect, and convert described first voltage signal and described second voltage signal to active power, export with impulse form;
Single-chip microcomputer, comprise two interruptive ports, wherein interruptive port described in connects described ic for energy metering, receive the active power of described impulse form, another interruptive port connects a clock circuit, receive clock signal, described single-chip microcomputer is according to the energy consumption of the active power of described impulse form and described clock signal computational load, the electricity charge.
2. electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described current detection circuit comprises: shunt, voltage sensor, and described shunt receives load current, described current sensor detects the voltage at described shunt two ends, exports described first voltage signal.
3. electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described voltage detecting circuit comprises a resistor voltage divider network, described resistor voltage divider network comprises the resistance that some resistances arrange from big to small, changes total resistance of described resistor voltage divider network by resistance described in wire jumper shorted section.
4. electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first voltage signal and described second voltage signal are by sending into described ic for energy metering after a filter attenuation high fdrequency component.
5. electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ic for energy metering and described single-chip microcomputer comprise a power circuit respectively, to provide operating voltage;
The power circuit of described ic for energy metering comprises:
Voltage dependent resistor (VDR), in order to absorb surge current;
Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, connects described voltage dependent resistor (VDR), in order to rectifying and wave-filtering;
Mu balanced circuit, connects described current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, exports the operating voltage needed for described ic for energy metering;
The power circuit of described single-chip microcomputer comprises:
Power transformer, in order to be transformed into AC low-tension by civil power;
Bridge rectifier circuit, connects described power transformer, in order to rectification and filtering;
Fixed three terminal regulator, connects described bridge rectifier circuit, the DC voltage at described fixed three terminal regulator two ends after voltage stabilizing and frequency compensation, as the operating voltage of described single-chip microcomputer.
6. electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument according to claim 1, be is characterized in that, be connected between described ic for energy metering with described single-chip microcomputer by photoelectric isolating circuit.
7. electrical equipment energy consumption testing instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise display circuit and key circuit, respectively in order to display and the control to described single-chip microcomputer.
CN201410630853.3A 2014-11-11 2014-11-11 Electric appliance energy consumption tester Pending CN104330621A (en)

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CN104678168A (en) * 2015-02-08 2015-06-03 宜春市脉恩多能科技有限公司 Miniature power consumption detection device of electric appliance
CN104914304A (en) * 2015-06-25 2015-09-16 烟台东方威思顿电气股份有限公司 Electric energy accurate measurement method and electric energy accurate measurement device under fluctuating load
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CN112259347A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-01-22 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 Power supply type voltage transformer and electric energy metering device

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CN106598896A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-04-26 成都凯天电子股份有限公司 Pulse amplitude limiting conversion circuit
CN112259347A (en) * 2020-12-21 2021-01-22 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 Power supply type voltage transformer and electric energy metering device

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