CN104329218A - Connecting rod transmitting folding blade vertical shaft impeller - Google Patents

Connecting rod transmitting folding blade vertical shaft impeller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104329218A
CN104329218A CN201410593639.5A CN201410593639A CN104329218A CN 104329218 A CN104329218 A CN 104329218A CN 201410593639 A CN201410593639 A CN 201410593639A CN 104329218 A CN104329218 A CN 104329218A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
blade
group
blades
connecting rod
vane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201410593639.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋保维
孙春亚
毛昭勇
丁文俊
田文龙
程博
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Northwestern Polytechnical University
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Publication date
Application filed by Northwestern Polytechnical University filed Critical Northwestern Polytechnical University
Priority to CN201410593639.5A priority Critical patent/CN104329218A/en
Publication of CN104329218A publication Critical patent/CN104329218A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06Rotors
    • F03D3/061Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape, e.g. aerofoil profiles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06Rotors
    • F03D3/062Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/064Fixing wind engaging parts to rest of rotor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06Rotors
    • F03D3/062Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067Cyclic movements
    • F03D3/068Cyclic movements mechanically controlled by the rotor structure
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a connecting rod transmitting folding blade vertical shaft impeller. A main shaft is arranged on a bearing base, blade supports are respectively and fixedly arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the main shaft, four blade units are respectively located between the upper blade support and the lower blade support, rotating shafts of all blades are respectively provided with gear units, the two groups of symmetrical blades can rotate synchronously through two connecting rod transmitting mechanisms which connect the two groups of symmetrical blades, and when one group of blades gradually closes, the other group of blades gradually open. The impeller blades rotate around the shaft and can change the positions of the blades, so that the blades can be unfolded as a plane board when facing the wind, the wind facing area is increased, the received rotating torque is improved, the blades can be folded and form NACA wing type blades when facing against the wind, the wind against resistance is reduced, so that the impeller blades have good self-starting performance, the energy catching efficiency can be further improved, and the connecting rod transmitting folding blade vertical shaft impeller has a higher power generating efficiency.

Description

A kind of folding blade vertical axis impeller of link transmission
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generation field, be specifically related to a kind of folding blade type vertical shaft fan impeller of link transmission.
Background technique
The energy is power and the guarantee of human social development progress.In recent years, along with the high speed development of global economy, coal, oil, the conventional energy resources such as rock gas are by fast, and a large amount of consumption, this allows the mankind not only in the face of the increasingly exhausted pressure of resource, receives the threat that environment constantly worsens simultaneously.The energy and environmental protection have become the pressing problem that mankind nowadays survival and development are badly in need of solving.Wind-powered electricity generation is as a kind of new energy of clean environment firendly, neither consume limited coal resources, also valuable underground wind-resources can not be consumed, more be conducive to the sustainable development of national economy, district greatly develops the wind power plant of the high efficient and reliable of applicable concrete area feature is throughout the country coming.Realize the industrialization of wind-power electricity generation, practical, require dynamical Fan Product, can utilize wind energy to greatest extent, this just requires that we study the performance of wind energy conversion system, improves blower fan and catches the maximum of wind energy, produces efficient energy and transforms.
At present, the principal mode of wind-power electricity generation is electric energy by blower fan apparatus by wind energy transformation, therefore design a kind of efficient, reliably blower fan be the key technology of Wind Power Utilization.The moulding of blower fan should consider that structure also will consider the other factorses such as weight.Current blower fan form mainly contains horizontal axis blower fan and vertical shaft fan two kinds, that impeller axis is parallel with the relative position of wind direction is horizontal axial type impeller (HAWT), and that impeller axis is vertical with the relative position of wind direction is perpendicular axis type impeller (VAWT).
Same level axle Wind turbines is compared, and vertical axis wind electric unit has following advantage:
(1) perpendicular axis type impeller axis is with to carry out flow path direction vertical, can catch the wind energy in any direction, and structure is simple, is well suited for miniaturization Independent Power Generation.
(2) vertical shaft fan installation and maintenance is simple, and manufacturing process is simple, and cost is low, and Economy is strong.
(3) vertical shaft fan to blade structure and requirement of strength low.
(4) perpendicular axis type impeller can be effectively worked at complicated turbulent flow, is therefore more suitable for the small-size wind power-generating place being applied in complex-terrain, as the rural area of remote districts.
(5) tip-speed ratio horizontal axis impeller little of vertical axis impeller blade, under such slow-speed of revolution, aerodynamic noise is very little, even can reach quiet effect, be conducive to environmental protection.
Vertical axis impeller common at present mainly contains lift vertical shaft impeller and resistance-type vertical axis impeller.The main representative of lift-type is Darrieus impeller, and the main representative of resistance type is Savonius impeller.
Be in the innovation and creation of US1835018A at publication number, disclose a kind of Darrieus wind-force impeller.This blade wheel structure is simple, lift coefficient is high, but startability is poor, is difficult to especially at low wind speeds start.
Be in the innovation and creation of US1766765A at publication number, disclose a kind of Savonius wind-force impeller.This impeller startability is good, has very large wind speed and utilizes scope, but along with the rotation of rotor, its torque amplitude of variation is from high to low very large, even can drop to the degree close to zero, therefore have lower total efficiency.
Simultaneously, Tian Wenlong discloses a kind of moving vane type vertical shaft fan impeller in a literary composition of " a kind of numerical simulation of new vertical shaft type draught fan impeller " of " mechanical engineering journal " 18 phases in 2013, impeller is installed multiple board-type moving vane, blade while installation shaft revolution around self installation shaft rotation, but the total efficiency of this impeller is still lower.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problem that in prior art, the self-starting of lift vertical shaft impeller is difficult and resistance-type vertical axis impeller energy capture rate is low, the present invention proposes a kind of folding blade vertical axis impeller of link transmission.
The present invention includes bearing support, main shaft, two blade racks, four groups of gear trains, two groups of jointed gear units, four vane group and four pins.Wherein: main shaft is arranged on bearing support by bearing.Described blade rack is fixedly mounted on the top and bottom of main shaft respectively, defines upper blade support and lower blade support; The upper end of four pins is arranged on each bar of described upper blade support respectively, and the lower end of four pins is connected on each bar of lower blade support respectively.Described four vane group lay respectively between described upper blade support and lower blade support, and are arranged on the top of each bar of blade rack by the mode of axis hole Spielpassung.All there is rotating shaft at the upper surface of described each blade root, each rotating shaft is separately installed with gear, and make two gears meshing being arranged in same vane group, constitute gear train.Described two groups of jointed gear units include two short connecting rods, a long connecting rod and two pins.Often organize connecting rod the blade be symmetrical in two groups of blades of main shaft is connected.During connection, a short connecting rod in first group of jointed gear unit is arranged in the rotating shaft of the outer leafs upper surface in one group of blade, another short connecting rod is arranged in the rotating shaft of the intra vane upper surface in another symmetrical group blade, the two ends of described long connecting rod link with a short connecting rod respectively, thus are connected by the blade of two groups of symmetries.Use the same method, by second group of jointed gear unit, another is connected the vane group being symmetrical in main shaft.Two groups of blade synchronization after being connected rotate, and when closing gradually for one group, another group is opened gradually.
Described each vane group includes outer leafs, blade inlet edge plate and intra vane.Described outer leafs surface and intra vane surface are profile, and another surface is plane; Described blade inlet edge plate upper surface and lower surface are profile.The length of described blade inlet edge plate is identical with the length of intra vane with described outer leafs.When assembling each vane group, make the plane surface of described each outer leafs relative with the plane surface of each intra vane respectively, the side surface of blade inlet edge board plane is coordinated with the side surface of the outer leafs after combination and intra vane plane, is combined into the lift-type blade with NACA aerofoil section thus.
Described blade rack becomes cross to cross by four bars to form, and has the through hole coordinated with main shaft interference fit in four Gen Gan intersections.
The present invention is while pivoting, also can be regular from transferring the position changing blade, can make blade windward time, expand into flat board, increase wind-exposuring area, improve suffered moment of rotation, when contrary wind, blade can fold composition NACA airfoil fan, reduce resistance against the wind, make draught fan impeller have good self-starting, also there is higher generating efficiency simultaneously.
The present invention rotates while realizing intra vane and outer leafs by the gear train be positioned in each vane group; To be connected about main axisymmetric two groups of blades by two groups of jointed gear units, when making these two groups of blades remain that one group of blade opens, another group blade closes.
The present invention is along with the impact of incoming flow, and the blade away from incoming flow end closes gradually, connects incoming flow end far away and recently flow the connection rod set of holding to drive the blade near incoming flow end to open gradually, and other two groups of blade relative shape remain unchanged, and four pairs of blades go round and begin again.Reach maximum at downbeam vane stress area like this, form NACA aerofoil profile at countercurrent direction blade, utilize profile lift to provide torque, thus the moment produced relative to central shaft, again by conversion equipment, drive main axis, thus be electric energy by momentum transformation.Device combines the advantage of Darrieus impeller and Savonius impeller, has both been easy to start, and effectively improves again the efficiency of energy capture.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is structural representation sectional drawing of the present invention
In figure: 1. bearing support; 2. main shaft; 3. lower blade support; 4. gear train; 5. short connecting rod; 6. long connecting rod; 7. sell; 8. outer leafs; 9. blade inlet edge plate; 10. intra vane; 11. pins; 12. upper blade supports; A. Resistance Level; B lift district.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
The present embodiment is a kind of folding blade type vertical axis impeller of link transmission, comprises bearing support 1, main shaft 2, two blade racks, four groups of gear trains, 4, two groups of jointed gear units, four vane group and four pins 11.Wherein: main shaft 2 is arranged on bearing support 1 by bearing.Described blade rack is fixedly mounted on main shaft 2 top and bottom respectively, defines upper blade support 12 and lower blade support 3; The upper end of four pins is arranged on each bar of described upper blade support 12 respectively, and the lower end of four pins is connected on each bar of lower blade support 11 respectively.Described four vane group lay respectively between described upper blade support 12 and lower blade support 11, and are arranged on the top of each bar of blade rack 3 by the mode of axis hole Spielpassung.All there is rotating shaft at the upper surface of described each blade root, each rotating shaft is separately installed with gear, and make two gears meshing being arranged in same vane group, constitute gear train.
Described two groups of jointed gear units include two short connecting rods, 5, long connecting rod 6 and two pins 7.Often organize connecting rod the blade be symmetrical in two groups of blades of main shaft is connected.
During connection, a short connecting rod 5 in first group of jointed gear unit is arranged in the rotating shaft of the outer leafs upper surface in one group of blade, another short connecting rod 5 is arranged in the rotating shaft of the intra vane upper surface in another symmetrical group blade, connected with pin by described long connecting rod 6 between two short connecting rods, thus the blade of two groups of symmetries is connected.Use the same method, by second group of jointed gear unit, another is connected the vane group being symmetrical in main shaft.Two groups of blade synchronization after being connected rotate, and when closing gradually for one group, another group is opened gradually.
Described each vane group includes outer leafs 8, blade inlet edge plate 9 and intra vane 10.Described outer leafs 7 is rectangular plate-like, and a surface is profile, and another surface is plane; Described intra vane 10 is also rectangular plate-like, and a surface is profile, and another surface is plane.Described blade inlet edge plate 9 is stripe board, and the upper surface of this stripe board and lower surface are profile.The length of described blade inlet edge plate is identical with the length of intra vane with described outer leafs.A side surface of this blade inlet edge plate length direction is plane, to be suitable for coordinating with a side surface of outer leafs and intra vane.When assembling each vane group, make the plane surface of described each outer leafs relative with the plane surface of each intra vane respectively, the side surface of blade inlet edge board plane is coordinated with the side surface of the outer leafs after combination and intra vane plane, is combined into the lift-type blade with NACA aerofoil section thus.Gear shaft is loaded onto respectively at the upper surface of outer leafs and the upper surface of intra vane.Two gears are contained on described each gear shaft respectively.
Main shaft 2 is arranged on bearing support 1, can rotate freely relative to bearing support 1.Described upper blade support 12 and lower blade support 3 become cross to cross by four bars to form respectively, and have the through hole coordinated with main shaft interference fit in four Gen Gan intersections.The upper end of four pins is connected on each bar of described upper blade support 12 respectively, and the lower end of four pins is connected on each bar of lower blade support 3 respectively.
In the present embodiment, four groups of blades are arranged on the top on upper blade support 12 and lower blade support 3 four limits respectively.Often a gear train 4 is all installed in group outer leafs 8 and the rotating shaft of intra vane 10, make this group outer leafs 8 must open with intra vane 10 simultaneously or close.In one group of blade, when outer leafs 8 closes with intra vane 10, this group blade composition has the lift-type blade of NACA aerofoil section; When outer leafs 8 is opened with intra vane 10, this group blade forms the resistance type blade had compared with daying flow area.
During work: because blade meets flow path direction difference in impeller unit, impeller unit can be divided into Resistance Level and lift district according to Come flow path direction.In Resistance Level, outer leafs 8 and the intra vane 10 of vane group are flared to 180 degree, and vane group is subject to the resistance of incoming flow, drive main shaft 2 to turn clockwise; In lift district, outer leafs 8 and the intra vane 10 of vane group are in closed state, and outer leafs 8, blade inlet edge plate 9 and intra vane 10 form an airfoil fan, under the effect of Come stream, produce lift, drive main shaft 2 to turn clockwise.
When one group of blade rotary of Resistance Level enters lift district, owing to meeting the change of flow path direction, originally the blade opened closes gradually, simultaneously, with this group blade axisymmetric vane group intake resistance district, owing to meeting the change of flow path direction, originally closed blade is flared to 180 degree gradually, intra vane 10 contacts with pin 11, and blade keeps open configuration.These two groups of blades synchronous rotary under the effect of connecting rod.
Impeller unit moves according to above-mentioned principle, makes impeller continue to rotate, thus reaches generating object.

Claims (4)

1. a folding blade vertical axis impeller for link transmission, is characterized in that, comprises bearing support, main shaft, two blade racks, four groups of gear trains, two groups of jointed gear units, four vane group and four pins; Wherein: main shaft is arranged on bearing support by bearing; Described blade rack is fixedly mounted on the top and bottom of main shaft respectively, defines upper blade support and lower blade support; The upper end of four pins is arranged on each bar of described upper blade support respectively, and the lower end of four pins is connected on each bar of lower blade support respectively; Described four vane group lay respectively between described upper blade support and lower blade support, and are arranged on the top of each bar of blade rack by the mode of axis hole Spielpassung; All there is rotating shaft at the upper surface of described each blade root, each rotating shaft is separately installed with gear, and make two gears meshing being arranged in same vane group, constitute gear train; Described two groups of jointed gear units include two short connecting rods, a long connecting rod and two pins; Often organize connecting rod the blade be symmetrical in two groups of blades of main shaft is connected.
2. the folding blade vertical axis impeller of link transmission as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described each vane group includes outer leafs, blade inlet edge plate and intra vane; Described outer leafs surface and intra vane surface are profile, and another surface is plane; Described blade inlet edge plate upper surface and lower surface are profile; The length of described blade inlet edge plate is identical with the length of intra vane with described outer leafs; When assembling each vane group, make the plane surface of described each outer leafs relative with the plane surface of each intra vane respectively, the side surface of blade inlet edge board plane is coordinated with the side surface of the outer leafs after combination and intra vane plane, is combined into the lift-type blade with NACA aerofoil section thus.
3. the folding blade vertical axis impeller of link transmission as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, during connection, a short connecting rod in first group of jointed gear unit is arranged on the gear shaft of the outer leafs upper surface in one group of blade, another short connecting rod is arranged in the rotating shaft of the intra vane upper surface in another symmetrical group blade, the two ends of described long connecting rod link with a short connecting rod respectively, thus are connected by the blade of two groups of symmetries; Use the same method, by second group of jointed gear unit, another is connected the vane group being symmetrical in main shaft; Two groups of blade synchronization after being connected rotate, and when closing gradually for one group, another group is opened gradually.
4. the folding blade vertical axis impeller of link transmission as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described blade rack becomes cross to cross by four bars to form, and has the through hole coordinated with main shaft interference fit in four Gen Gan intersections.
CN201410593639.5A 2014-10-29 2014-10-29 Connecting rod transmitting folding blade vertical shaft impeller Pending CN104329218A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104454340A (en) * 2014-11-21 2015-03-25 西北工业大学 Foldable blade vertical axis impeller based on connecting rod transmission
CN106246462A (en) * 2015-06-10 2016-12-21 南京师范大学 A kind of adjustable wing vertical shaft resistance type windmill
CN106286123A (en) * 2015-05-13 2017-01-04 涓ュ己 Vertical axis aerogenerator built-in blade rotational structure
CN106837686A (en) * 2017-01-14 2017-06-13 刘珊珊 A kind of dual rotary flabellum windmill
CN111121285A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-08 南京比尔森热力技术工程有限公司 Novel hot water supply equipment
CN112407268A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-02-26 广东国士健科技发展有限公司 Tilting type free half-rotation flapping rotor aircraft

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5844323A (en) * 1996-08-12 1998-12-01 Hung; Ming-Tung Rotatable wheel for developing fluid kinetic energy by accepting action forces from multiple directions
CN202628390U (en) * 2012-05-25 2012-12-26 李可 Wind power generation device
CN203189199U (en) * 2013-02-06 2013-09-11 高宏铭 Blade structure of wind driven generator
CN103603766A (en) * 2013-11-30 2014-02-26 米建军 Wind wheel with variable blades and attack angles

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5844323A (en) * 1996-08-12 1998-12-01 Hung; Ming-Tung Rotatable wheel for developing fluid kinetic energy by accepting action forces from multiple directions
CN202628390U (en) * 2012-05-25 2012-12-26 李可 Wind power generation device
CN203189199U (en) * 2013-02-06 2013-09-11 高宏铭 Blade structure of wind driven generator
CN103603766A (en) * 2013-11-30 2014-02-26 米建军 Wind wheel with variable blades and attack angles

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104454340A (en) * 2014-11-21 2015-03-25 西北工业大学 Foldable blade vertical axis impeller based on connecting rod transmission
CN106286123A (en) * 2015-05-13 2017-01-04 涓ュ己 Vertical axis aerogenerator built-in blade rotational structure
CN106246462A (en) * 2015-06-10 2016-12-21 南京师范大学 A kind of adjustable wing vertical shaft resistance type windmill
CN106246462B (en) * 2015-06-10 2018-10-26 南京师范大学 A kind of adjustable wing vertical shaft resistance type windmill
CN106837686A (en) * 2017-01-14 2017-06-13 刘珊珊 A kind of dual rotary flabellum windmill
CN111121285A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-08 南京比尔森热力技术工程有限公司 Novel hot water supply equipment
CN111121285B (en) * 2019-12-31 2021-04-02 南京比尔森热力技术工程有限公司 Novel hot water supply equipment
CN112407268A (en) * 2020-11-26 2021-02-26 广东国士健科技发展有限公司 Tilting type free half-rotation flapping rotor aircraft

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