CN104328249B - A kind of heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile - Google Patents
A kind of heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104328249B CN104328249B CN201410691665.1A CN201410691665A CN104328249B CN 104328249 B CN104328249 B CN 104328249B CN 201410691665 A CN201410691665 A CN 201410691665A CN 104328249 B CN104328249 B CN 104328249B
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- Prior art keywords
- half axle
- automobile
- hollow half
- quenching
- oil
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
Abstract
The present invention provides the heat-treatment technology method of the full hollow half axle of a kind of automobile。Complete for the automobile of finish forge molding hollow half axle is put into heating furnace, heats to 900～920 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0～1.1%, it is cooled to 830～850 DEG C with stove after being incubated 5 hours, carbon potential 0.85～0.95%, moves into after being incubated 40 minutes in the quenching oil of 60～80 DEG C, and the cool time is 20min；Being moved in tempering furnace by the full hollow half axle of automobile after quenching, temperature is 160～180 DEG C, is incubated 2～3 hours；After tempering, complete for automobile hollow half axle is carried out air cooling。Adopt the full hollow half axle heat treatment method of automobile provided by the present invention, full hollow half axle rigidity, intensity, wearability and fatigue crack-resistant strength degree etc. can be improved, thus improving its comprehensive mechanical performance, there is the advantages such as easy to operate, equipment is simple, economical and practical, technically reliable, efficiency height, steady quality。
Description
Technical field
Patent of the present invention relates to the Technology for Heating Processing of a kind of automobile hollow axletree, particularly relates to the heat treatment method of a kind of 25CrMo4 full hollow half axle of steel alloy automobile。
Technical background
25CrMo4 is the type of steels of Germany, and material standard is DIN17176 or EN10204, and material number is 1.7218, is low-alloy steel, and its quenching degree is higher, and without temper brittleness, weldability is good, and the tendency forming cold cracking is only small, and machinability and cold strain plasticity are good。It is typically under modified or carburizing and quenching state and uses, owing to having excellent comprehensive mechanical performance, be widely used in various securing member, higher carburized parts, such as gear, axle etc.。
The rolling stock load being added on axletree that is in operation is continually changing, and owing to wheel is to ceaselessly rotating, produces alternate stress in axletree。Therefore, it is necessary to improve the endurance limit of axletree material。When semiaxis is reversed, closer to axis part, its stress is more little, so it is to say, the material of axle center part does not give full play to its effect。So under ensureing enough intensity and certain life-span premise, it is possible to semiaxis is designed as hollow half axle, it is possible to make full use of material, the material of axle center part is shifted to axle edge, so both can alleviate automotive dead weight, better save cost, also capable of reducing energy consumption, improve power transfer efficiency。Though hole-bored axle from end to end is tried out for many years on the railway of some countries, but due to stress complexity in utilization, still in Improvement。The production process of traditional solid automobile axle shaft specifically includes that forging, heat treatment, detection and machining, and heat treatment is the important step of steel axletree production process。Li Guangbing etc. have invented the forming method (publication number: CN103008514A) of a kind of reducer pipe, mainly for the production of the full hollow half axle of automobile。Wang Tao etc. have invented the heat treatment method (publication number: CN102268528A) of IRS axletree, Fu Xiang etc. disclose the heat-treatment technology method (publication number: CN103572032A) of a kind of lorry axle, the heat treatment method (ZL201210425582.9) of the camshafts such as Pang Tingbao etc. have invented the heat treatment method (ZL200310105476.3) of a kind of high-power engine crankshaft, Zhang Xianzhi。But the Technology for Heating Processing of the full hollow half axle of automobile is still appeared in the newspapers, the present invention will provide for the heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile of a kind of 25CrMo4 steel alloy finish forge molding, the Technology for Heating Processing economical and practical, efficiency is high and heat treatment performance is good。
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile of a kind of 25CrMo4 steel alloy finish forge molding, composition and character for 25CrMo4 steel alloy material propose one heat treatment method targetedly, the 25CrMo4 steel alloy automobile full hollow half axle good to obtain heat treatment combination property with its entirely hollow feature。
The present invention provides the heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile of a kind of 25CrMo4 steel alloy finish forge molding, including:
Complete for the automobile of finish forge molding hollow half axle is put into heating furnace, heating is to 910 ± 10 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0～1.1% carburizing, it is cooled to 840 ± 10 DEG C with stove after being incubated 3-6 hour, carbon potential 0.85～0.95%, moving into after being incubated 20-60 minute in the quenching oil of oil-quenching tank of 60～80 DEG C, the cool time is 10-40min；Being moved in tempering furnace by the full hollow half axle of automobile after quenching, temperature is 170 ± 20 DEG C, is incubated 2～4 hours；Complete for automobile after temper hollow half axle is come out of the stove and carries out air cooling。
Further feature is, described quenching oil is stirred, and first carrying out low rate mixing, mixing speed and time is 800 1000r/m, 90 150s；Quickly stirring, mixing speed and time are 1200 1500r/m, 120 200s again；Within the cool time of technological requirement, low rate mixing hockets with quickly stirring。
Oil-quenching tank is provided with oil agitation cycle device, and two frequency conversion agitators are contained in oil groove both sides, and its mixing speed sets in process, hocket at a slow speed or quickly stir；Quenching oil adopts tube electric heater, and oil groove leaves oil filler point and has seal cap sealing, it is ensured that do not affect equipment work during oiling。
Described heating furnace is furnished with each independent control system, at least includes temperature controller, carbon potential intelligent controller。
After quenching, being taken out by complete for automobile hollow half axle, then cleaning, drying from oil-quenching tank, cleanout fluid embathes 8 12 minutes, drips aqueous alkali 48 minutes, sprays 48 minutes, then drip/dry up, and total time is 60 70 minutes。
When described heating, carburizing, quenching, tempering and cooling, the full hollow half axle of automobile is all vertically placed。
The heat treatment method of the 25CrMo4 full hollow half axle of steel alloy automobile provided by the present invention, be research 25CrMo4 material heat treatment process in performance variation law basis on formed, test result shows, heat treatment method provided by the invention meets the heat treatment performance Changing Pattern of 25CrMo4 material, the heat treatment performance of the 25CrMo4 full hollow half axle of alloy steel automobile can be effectively improved, avoid hardening flaw, make the quenching hardness of hollow half axle, depth of hardening zone and metallographic structure are more uniformly rationally, make up to China Automobile Industry standard QC/T294-1999 automobile axle shaft technical conditions。Heat treatment process is easy to operate, and equipment is simple, economical and practical, technically reliable, and efficiency is high, steady quality, it may be achieved economic benefit preferably。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the full hollow half axle schematic diagram of automobile。
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail。
Being illustrated in figure 1 the schematic diagram of the full hollow half axle of automobile, make according to technological requirement, finish forge molding obtains。
The heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile of the present invention, it is characterized in that: complete for the automobile of finish forge molding hollow half axle is put into heating furnace, heating is to 910 ± 10 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0～1.1% carburizing, it is cooled to 840 ± 10 DEG C with stove after being incubated 3-6 hour, carbon potential 0.85～0.95%, moves into after being incubated 20-60 minute in the quenching oil of oil-quenching tank of 60～80 DEG C, and the cool time is 10-40min；Being moved in tempering furnace by the full hollow half axle of automobile after quenching, temperature is 170 ± 20 DEG C, is incubated 2～4 hours；Complete for automobile after temper hollow half axle is come out of the stove and carries out air cooling, obtain half shaft-like work of the present invention。Described carbon potential is exactly the activated carbon atom content provided in the gas phase of the carbon atmosphere inside stove, and the sensor of stove configuration and temperature signal can calculate the carbon potential of furnace atmosphere, can be fed back by control panel and see concrete data, and controller can control carbon potential；Concrete 1.0～1.1% and 0.85～0.95% controls carburizing content。
Described quenching oil is stirred, and first carrying out low rate mixing, mixing speed and time is 800 1000r/m, 90 150s；Quickly stirring, mixing speed and time are 1200 1500r/m, 120 200s again；Within the time of technological requirement, as, in 20 30 minutes total times of quenching, low rate mixing hockets with quickly stirring。
Oil-quenching tank is provided with oil stirring strong cyclic device, two frequency conversion agitators are contained in oil groove both sides, and its mixing speed can set in process, and quenching oil adopts tube electric heater, oil groove leaves oil filler point and has seal cap sealing, it is ensured that do not affect equipment work during oiling。
Described carburizer is furnished with each independent control system and includes independent temperature (temperature franchise ± 5 DEG C), carbon potential intelligent controller (carbon potential franchise0.05%) etc.。
After quenching, being taken out by complete for automobile hollow half axle, then cleaning, drying from oil-quenching tank, cleanout fluid embathes 8 12 minutes, drips aqueous alkali 48 minutes, sprays 48 minutes, then drip/dry up, and total time is 60 70 minutes。Cleanout fluid, aqueous alkali employing prior art is commonly used。
When described heating, carburizing, quenching, tempering and cooling, the full hollow half axle of automobile is all vertically placed。
Embodiment:
Design a frock matched with the full hollow half axle geomery of automobile, to ensure that semiaxis in heating and cools down in whole process and vertically places, namely semiaxis is when heating, carburizing, quenching, tempering and cooling, all vertically place, to prevent or to reduce flexural deformation, and ensureing handling semiaxis conveniently, safely, the size of this frock should design according to the concrete condition of firing equipment, to reach each loading semiaxis as much as possible。
Equipment for Heating Processing used is mainly the love association woods mult-purpose chamber furnace of VKES4/3 70/90/130CN model。Pending hollow half axle is installed in the frock of hollow half axle adapted by operator's driving or other lifting tools, after filling by its useful load, hang in and mult-purpose chamber furnace carries out carburizing and quenching, heating exhaust gas temperature is to 910 DEG C, controlling carbon potential in stove is 1.05%, it is cooled to 840 DEG C with stove after being incubated 5 hours, is 0.90% controlling carbon potential in stove, is incubated 40 minutes。Complete for the automobile of good heat insulation hollow half axle is moved into rapidly in the oil-quenching tank filling KR-218 quenching oil, the temperature keeping quenching oil is 70 ± 10 DEG C, oil-quenching tank is provided with oil stirring strong cyclic device, two frequency conversion agitators are contained in oil groove both sides, its mixing speed can set in process, cooling motor sets low rate mixing 1000r/min, 2 minutes；Quickly stir 1200r/min, 3 minutes；Within the time of quenching, low rate mixing hockets with quickly stirring。Then cleaning, drying, cleanout fluid embathes 10 minutes, drips aqueous alkali 5 minutes, sprays 5 minutes, drip/dry up 40 minutes, 60 minutes total times。Tempering program is arranged: heating carries out tempering, temperature retention time 3 hours to 160 DEG C。Then, hung out and be placed into discharge pit and carry out air cooling。So, the heat treatment process of a full hollow half axle of automobile just completes。Period, controlling system can carry out control comprehensively the temperature of mult-purpose chamber furnace, carbon potential, circulation, chiller, temperature franchise ± 5 DEG C, carbon potential franchise0.05%, to chiller, the especially temperature of quenching oil, as long as exceeding the scope of regulation, chiller will start voluntarily, when reaching the scope of regulation, be automatically stopped。Utilizing the case hardness of the full hollow half axle of automobile of the 25CrMo4 steel alloy finish forge molding that heat treatment method of the present invention processes up to HRC58-62 after tested, depth of hardening zone is within the scope of 0.8-0.9mm。
Claims (5)
1. the heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile, it is characterised in that:
Complete for the automobile of finish forge molding hollow half axle is put into heating furnace, heats to 910 ± 10 DEG C, carbon potential 1.0～1.1% carburizing, it is cooled to 840 ± 10 DEG C with stove after being incubated 36 hours, carbon potential 0.85～0.95%, moves into after being incubated 20 60 minutes in the quenching oil of 60～80 DEG C, and the cool time is 10 40min；Being moved in tempering furnace by the full hollow half axle of automobile after quenching, temperature is 170 ± 10 DEG C, is incubated 24 hours；The full hollow half axle of automobile after tempering being heated is come out of the stove and is carried out air cooling；
The mixing speed of described quenching oil and time are low rate mixing 800 1000r/m, 90 150s；Quickly stirring 1200 1500r/m, 120 2000s；Within the cool time of technological requirement time, low rate mixing hockets with quickly stirring。
2. the heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, oil-quenching tank is provided with oil agitation cycle device, and two frequency conversion agitators are contained in oil groove both sides, its mixing speed sets in process, hockets at a slow speed or quickly stirs；Quenching oil adopts tube electric heater, and oil groove leaves oil filler point and has seal cap sealing, it is ensured that do not affect equipment work during oiling。
3. the heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described heating furnace is furnished with each independent control system, at least includes temperature controller, carbon potential intelligent controller。
4. the heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, after quenching, being taken out from oil-quenching tank by complete for automobile hollow half axle, then cleaning, drying, cleanout fluid embathes 8 12 minutes, drip aqueous alkali 48 minutes, spraying 48 minutes, then drip/dry up, total time is 60 70 minutes。
5. the heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when described heating, carburizing, quenching, tempering and cooling, the full hollow half axle of automobile is all vertically placed。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410691665.1A CN104328249B (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2014-11-26 | A kind of heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410691665.1A CN104328249B (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2014-11-26 | A kind of heat treatment method of the full hollow half axle of automobile |
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| CN104328249A CN104328249A (en) | 2015-02-04 |
| CN104328249B true CN104328249B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105316454A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-10 | 靖江市佳佳工程机械制造有限公司 | Heat treatment method for rotating-shuttle shuttle race |
| CN105671292A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-06-15 | 吴志强 | Local carburization induction quenching method for hollow shaft |
| CN107160101A (en) * | 2017-05-14 | 2017-09-15 | 合肥鼎鑫模具有限公司 | A kind of processing technology of the corrosion-resistant camshaft of automobile engine |
| CN112139880A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-29 | 湖北隐冠轴业有限公司 | Geometric shape precision machining method for hollow rotating shaft of motor |
| CN112391511B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2023-02-14 | 湖北神力汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Thermal treatment hardening and tempering method for automobile half shaft |
| CN112981751A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-06-18 | 新沂金垦机械制造有限公司 | Environment-friendly low-noise industrial sewing machine |
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| CN1057679A (en) * | 1990-06-16 | 1992-01-08 | 鞍山钢铁公司 | Steel for sucker rod and processing method |
| CN1252291C (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2006-04-19 | 中国重型汽车集团有限公司 | Technological method for raising toughness and hardening layer depth of heavy truck axle shaft |
| JP5407291B2 (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2014-02-05 | アイシン精機株式会社 | Heat treatment method and heat treatment apparatus |
| CN102672436B (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2014-09-10 | 大永精机（福州）有限公司 | Manufacturing process of automobile half shaft |
| CN103572030A (en) * | 2012-07-24 | 2014-02-12 | 洪泽县汽车半轴制造有限公司 | Novel auto semi-axle quenching process |
| CN103587350B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-12-30 | 上海纳铁福传动***有限公司 | A kind of automobile driving axle |
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