Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of electronics and information industry, electronic product is tending towards that function is complicated, compact in size, weight lightness, this has higher requirement to providing the battery of electric power, battery need have good high-rate charge-discharge capability, cycle performance, also should have that cost is low, the feature of good stability simultaneously.Simultaneously along with hybrid-electric car, electric motor car demand are increasing, the demand of electrokinetic cell is also got more and more.The alkaline battery that MH/Ni battery is a kind of take nickel hydroxide material as positive pole, metal hydride is negative pole, alkaline aqueous solution is electrolyte.It has the significant advantages such as specific discharge capacity is high, quickly-chargeable, memory-less effect, low stain, life-span length, is described as " green battery " at battery industry.Compared with other series batteries, MH/Ni battery has wider application, and it not only as the electrical source of power of hybrid-electric car, electric motor car, can also provide power for various electronic product.
Ball-shape nickel hydroxide is that various alkaline secondary cell is (as Ni/Cd, Ni/MH, Ni/H
2deng) positive electrode active materials, vital effect is played to the capacity of battery and life-span.Especially as electrical vehicular power storage battery, the specific capacity of nickel electrode and cyclical stability also need further raising.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming above-mentioned deficiency, the invention provides a kind of preparation method of alkaline battery composite positive pole, the Spherical nickel hydroxide material using the method to prepare, has higher specific capacity and cyclical stability.
To achieve these goals, the preparation method of a kind of alkaline battery composite positive pole provided by the invention, comprises the steps:
(1) titanium, zinc, niobium doped with hydrogen nickel oxide active material is prepared
Be the ratio of 1: 2-3 in the mass ratio of n-amyl alcohol and surfactant softex kw, the two is mixed to get surfactant solution, then in surfactant solution, heptane is added, stir to obtain mixed liquor one, and wherein the ratio of the volume of heptane volume and surfactant solution is 3-4: 1;
The mixing salt solution of preparation containing Titanium Nitrate, zinc nitrate and nitric acid niobium, wherein the molar concentration of titanium, zinc and niobium is controlled as 0.5-1mol/L, 0.3-0.6mol/L and 0.1-0.2mol/L, joined in above-mentioned mixed liquor one by above-mentioned mixing salt solution and obtain mixed liquor two, wherein the volume ratio of mixing salt solution and mixed liquor one is 1:3-5;
Compound concentration is the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 1-2mol/L;
The ratio of the weight ratio 1:10-15 of ball-shape nickel hydroxide powder and deionized water is taken ball-shape nickel hydroxide powder and inserts in the deionized water of corresponding amount, heats and stir, making the suspension-turbid liquid of nickel hydroxide;
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution prepared and mixed liquor two to be added dropwise to respectively continuously in the reactor of the suspension-turbid liquid of nickel hydroxide and to stir, the velocity ratio of sodium hydrate aqueous solution and mixed liquor two controls as (20-30): 100, control Ni element and titanium, zinc, the mol ratio of niobium three kinds of element total amounts is 100: (5-10), the pH value controlled in reactor is 11-12, reaction temperature controls as 65-75 DEG C, reaction time is 5-7h, the product of gained is proceeded in solid-liquid separator and is separated, gained solid matter washed with de-ionized water is less than 8 to pH, dry, obtain titanium, zinc, niobium doped with hydrogen nickel oxide active material,
(2) composite positive pole is prepared
Prepare burden by following weight portion:
Caliber is the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes 2-4 of 20-30nm
Cobalt hydroxide 5-8
Nanometer aluminium powder 1-1.5
Polytetrafluoroethylene 1-2.5
Plant rotten plain 1.2-1.5
Titanium, zinc, niobium doped with hydrogen nickel oxide active material 100;
Above-mentioned batching and suitable quantity of water are stirred and obtains nickel hydroxide composite positive pole of the present invention.
Alkaline battery composite positive pole prepared by the present invention, take ball-shape nickel hydroxide as major ingredient, to keep the high-energy-density of material, have employed titanium, zinc and niobium carry out doping vario-property its cyclical stability of raising to active material nickel hydroxide, especially the interpolation of niobium, improve the high-temperature stability of material, with the addition of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes and aluminium powder in addition to improve conductivity, thus improve its cyclical stability further, therefore this material is when for alkaline secondary cell, makes battery have high specific capacity and longer useful life.
Embodiment
embodiment one
Be the ratio of 1: 2 in the mass ratio of n-amyl alcohol and surfactant softex kw, the two is mixed to get surfactant solution, then in surfactant solution, heptane is added, stir to obtain mixed liquor one, and wherein the ratio of the volume of heptane volume and surfactant solution is 3: 1.
The mixing salt solution of preparation containing Titanium Nitrate, zinc nitrate and nitric acid niobium, wherein the molar concentration of titanium, zinc and niobium is controlled as 0.5mol/L, 0.3mol/L and 0.1mol/L, joined in above-mentioned mixed liquor one by above-mentioned mixing salt solution and obtain mixed liquor two, wherein the volume ratio of mixing salt solution and mixed liquor one is 1:3.
Compound concentration is the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 1mol/L; The ratio of the weight ratio 1:10 of ball-shape nickel hydroxide powder and deionized water is taken ball-shape nickel hydroxide powder and inserts in the deionized water of corresponding amount, heats and stir, making the suspension-turbid liquid of nickel hydroxide.
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution prepared and mixed liquor two to be added dropwise to respectively continuously in the reactor of the suspension-turbid liquid of nickel hydroxide and to stir, the velocity ratio of sodium hydrate aqueous solution and mixed liquor two controls to be 20: 100, control Ni element and titanium, zinc, the mol ratio of niobium three kinds of element total amounts is 100: 5, the pH value controlled in reactor is 11, it is 65 DEG C that reaction temperature controls, reaction time is 7h, the product of gained is proceeded in solid-liquid separator and is separated, gained solid matter washed with de-ionized water is less than 8 to pH, dry, obtain titanium, zinc, niobium doped with hydrogen nickel oxide active material.
Prepare burden by following weight portion:
Caliber is the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes 2 of 20-30nm
Cobalt hydroxide 5
Nanometer aluminium powder 1
Polytetrafluoroethylene 1
Plant rotten element 1.2
Titanium, zinc, niobium doped with hydrogen nickel oxide active material 100;
Above-mentioned batching and suitable quantity of water are stirred and obtains nickel hydroxide composite positive pole of the present invention.
embodiment two
Be the ratio of 1: 3 in the mass ratio of n-amyl alcohol and surfactant softex kw, the two is mixed to get surfactant solution, then in surfactant solution, heptane is added, stir to obtain mixed liquor one, and wherein the ratio of the volume of heptane volume and surfactant solution is 4: 1.
The mixing salt solution of preparation containing Titanium Nitrate, zinc nitrate and nitric acid niobium, wherein the molar concentration of titanium, zinc and niobium is controlled as 1mol/L, 0.6mol/L and 0.2mol/L, joined in above-mentioned mixed liquor one by above-mentioned mixing salt solution and obtain mixed liquor two, wherein the volume ratio of mixing salt solution and mixed liquor one is 1:5.
Compound concentration is the sodium hydrate aqueous solution of 2mol/L; The ratio of the weight ratio 1:15 of ball-shape nickel hydroxide powder and deionized water is taken ball-shape nickel hydroxide powder and inserts in the deionized water of corresponding amount, heats and stir, making the suspension-turbid liquid of nickel hydroxide.
The sodium hydrate aqueous solution prepared and mixed liquor two to be added dropwise to respectively continuously in the reactor of the suspension-turbid liquid of nickel hydroxide and to stir, the velocity ratio of sodium hydrate aqueous solution and mixed liquor two controls to be 30: 100, control Ni element and titanium, zinc, the mol ratio of niobium three kinds of element total amounts is 100: 10, the pH value controlled in reactor is 12, it is 75 DEG C that reaction temperature controls, reaction time is 5h, the product of gained is proceeded in solid-liquid separator and is separated, gained solid matter washed with de-ionized water is less than 8 to pH, dry, obtain titanium, zinc, niobium doped with hydrogen nickel oxide active material.
Prepare burden by following weight portion:
Caliber is the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes 4 of 20-30nm
Cobalt hydroxide 8
Nanometer aluminium powder 1.5
Polytetrafluoroethylene 2.5
Plant rotten element 1.5
Titanium, zinc, niobium doped with hydrogen nickel oxide active material 100;
Above-mentioned batching and suitable quantity of water are stirred and obtains nickel hydroxide composite positive pole of the present invention.
comparative example
Be 1.07mol/L nickelous sulfate, 0.15mol/L zinc sulfate, 0.10mol/L manganese sulfate and 0.25mol/L aluminum sulfate mixed aqueous solution by concentration, concentration is 8.6mol/L ammoniacal liquor, and concentration is that 4.55mol/L sodium hydrate aqueous solution is injected in reactor continuously through delicate flow control system.
?in course of reaction, the addition of sulfate mixed aqueous solution is 3.00L/min, and the raw materials components mole ratio of ammoniacal liquor and nickelous sulfate is mNH
3h
2o: mNi
2+=0.9: 1.The temperature controlling reaction system is 60 ± 1 DEG C, and reacting liquid pH value is 13.5 ± 0.2, and in reaction, speed of agitator is 120 ± 5r/min, after successive reaction, then obtains ball-shape nickel hydroxide product through ageing, washing, drying.By obtained ball-shape nickel hydroxide with 90% mass percent and the mass percent nickel powder that is 8% mix after, add mass percent be 2% binding agent (mass ratio is HPMC and PTFE of 1:1) stir and make pulpous state.
By above-described embodiment one, two and the full-filling of comparative example products therefrom on the nickel foam substrate of 1cm × 1cm, and vacuumize 3 hours at 60 DEG C.Dried pole piece is tabletted under 5MPa, obtained anode.Obtained positive pole is become cadmium nickel simulated battery with excessive Cd electrode assembling, and electrolyte is 7mol/L KOH+15g/L LiOH solution.At probe temperature is 45 DEG C, carry out electric performance test, after tested this embodiment one with two material compared with the product of comparative example, specific capacity improves 15-19%, improves more than 1 times useful life.