CN104317000B - The wavelength and space All-optical routing device of modular extendable - Google Patents
The wavelength and space All-optical routing device of modular extendable Download PDFInfo
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- CN104317000B CN104317000B CN201410548663.7A CN201410548663A CN104317000B CN 104317000 B CN104317000 B CN 104317000B CN 201410548663 A CN201410548663 A CN 201410548663A CN 104317000 B CN104317000 B CN 104317000B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
- G02B6/29379—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device
- G02B6/2938—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means characterised by the function or use of the complete device for multiplexing or demultiplexing, i.e. combining or separating wavelengths, e.g. 1xN, NxM
Abstract
The invention discloses the wavelength and space All-optical routing device of a kind of modular extendable.After N roots single mode input fiber connects first group of wavelength convert and routing module, into the first spatial light router, its output is connected to second group of wavelength convert and routing module, after again passing by wavelength convert and routeing, it is connected with the input port of second space optical router, its output port is connected with N root single-mode output optical fiber, completes optical signal to the route of respective corresponding single-mode output optical fiber；First spatial light router and the work of second space optical router mirror image.The present invention is used in division multiplex fibre-optic communication wave system, it can be achieved that arbitrarily exchange between N roads optical signal in optical fiber, complete optical signal and route to any output port from input port, realize signal exchange between optical fiber；And the cascade to wavelength convert and routing module and linearly increasing, the more complete routing function of realization, increase routed channels number can be passed through.Whole routing infrastructure can be realized integrated by Planar Lightwave Circuit Technology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber optic communication All-optical routing technology, wavelength and space more particularly, to a kind of modular extendable
All-optical routing device.
Background technology
After optical fiber is born and is applied successfully, Fibre Optical Communication Technology is grown rapidly, and the invention of WDM communication modes causes light
Fiber communication bandwidth greatly improves.Rapidly increasing for fiber optic communication data directly proposes each processing node in optical communication network
Requirements at the higher level, all-optical communication network become the developing direction of following optical communication network.
Optical signal bag forwarding using wavelength as foundation is the important way that signal is route in WDM optical-fiber networks.Current
Mainstream technology more using the processing mode of optical-electrical-optical wavelength convert and route, it the advantages of be it is technically more ripe, it can be achieved that
Periodically, regeneration, shaping feature, but this scheme are due to introducing light-to-current inversion and Clock Extraction, it is necessary to many high cost, Gao Gong
The high speed optoelectronic instrument of consumption, opaque to signal bit rate and signal format, there is " electronic bottleneck " in conversion speed,
The demand for development of all-optical network " high data throughput, high RST process bandwidth, low energy consumption " is not met.It is also a kind of to be based on micro- electricity
The routing infrastructure of sub- electromechanical system switch (MEMS-Switches), has there is the commercial device for supporting that 32 input/output end ports exchange
" Glimmerglass Intelligent Optical System ", tables of data can be for part reportwww.glimmerglass.comObtain.But the greatest drawback of this structure is channel switch time length, up to millisecond magnitude, only
Suitable for Continued communication time span between a pair of of node in the situation of second-time.
All-optical routing needs not move through electrical domain processing, directly by information from a light wavelength conversion to another optical wavelength,
By the forwarding of optical passive component, reach route purpose.Mainly there are Optical Demultiplexing, wavelength convert, light in wdm system optical router
The modules such as multiplexing, optical routing." electronic bottleneck " problem is not present in All-optical routing, and bandwidth is huge, transparent to signal rate and form,
And single chip integrated All-optical routing chip energy consumption will more route than optical-electrical-optical and substantially reduce.
The All-optical routing device proposed at present is mainly had photoswitch, passive array waveguide grating device and is put based on semiconductor light
Big two kinds of device (SOA) wavelength convert.“Multi-path Routing in an Monolithically Integrated 4×
4 Broadcast and Select WDM Cross-connection ", ECOC, September18-22,2011, InP
PHOTONICS (Mo.2.LeSaleve) reports a kind of all-optical cross interconnection based on SOA photoswitches, and which realizes 4 ×
4 optical signal cross-connects.This All-optical routing mode is mainly made of broadcast selecting module and 2 part of wavelength selecting module.
Broadcast in selecting module, the optical signal of 4 input ports is separately input to each by cascading multi-mode interference coupler (MMI)
The input port of array waveguide grating (AWG).Before AWG is entered, per there is SOA switches on the way, by adjusting SOA injections
Electric current, to control the break-make per all the way.After the forwarding that 4 circulate 4 × 4 arrayed-waveguide grating routers (AWGR), letter
Number enter wavelength selecting module.Designed according to routing table, SOA electric currents on each output ports of adjusting wavelength selecting module AWG, can be with
The wavelength of the latter linked cascade MMI Shang Ge roads signal of decision, and then can reach every on the whole router chip output terminal of control
Wavelength all the way.But the method can only carry out the forwarding of different input port optical signals, and original signal cannot be transferred to separately
On one wavelength, and with input signal channel number (N) increase, it is necessary to accordingly increase to N number of circulation N × NAWGR and
2N SOA switch.Meanwhile it will pass through cascade MMI per input signal all the way and extend to N number of output port, whole route system
Single-side pin number is N2It is a, device size can be greatly increased.This chip structure is extremely unfavorable for the extension of channel number, increases
Add signal all the way, the design of whole chip will change, and device design difficulty greatly increases.“An 8x8 InP
Monolithic Tunable Optical Router (MOTOR) Packet Forwarding Chip ", Journal of
Lightwave Technology, Vol.28, Issue 4, pp.641-650 disclose a kind of light path based on SOA wavelength converts
By mode.Intermodulation effect of this mode by the way that original signal to be passed through to SOA is transferred to the new ripple that tunable laser is sent
In length, then with AWGR it is forwarded to respective channels.But this structure transfer capability is limited, proposed in optical-fiber network aspect more
Signal exchange between optical fiber.
Above-mentioned All-optical routing structure cannot completely realize the wavelength convert of All-optical routing and transparent turn of port in optical-fiber network
The functional requirement of hair, and the autgmentability of system is not good enough.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the wavelength and space it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of modular extendable are complete
Optical router.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
The present invention includes the first spatial light router, two groups of wavelength converts and routing module and second space optical router；N
One group of wavelength convert and routing module are connected between root single mode input fiber and the first spatial light router, passes through this group of wavelength
Each channel in each optical signal that single mode input fiber is multiplexed by conversion and routing module carries out wavelength convert and route processing
It is transmitted in the first spatial light router；The output port of first spatial light router is through another group of wavelength convert and routing module
It is connected with the input port of second space optical router, the optical signal of every group of different wave length is transmitted to by wavelength convert processing
In the corresponding input port of second space optical router；Second space optical router will be by another group of wavelength convert and route
The optical signal of every group of different wave length of module output is transmitted to the corresponding output port of second space optical router；Second is empty
Between optical router output port be connected with N root single-mode output optical fiber, output light is signally attached to corresponding single-mode output
Optical fiber；First spatial light router and the work of second space optical router mirror image so that exported by second space optical router
Per each optical signal in each wavelength of optical signal and the first corresponding input optical fibre of spatial light router in the optical fiber of road
Consistent wavelength.
The wavelength convert and routing module include sequentially connected optical demultiplexer, N number of first wave length converter, the
Three spatial light routers, N number of second wave length converter and optical multiplexer；Light letter of the first spatial light router per road output port
Number first passing through optical demultiplexer is decomposed into Single wavelength signal, and each Single wavelength signal is transferred to through respective first wave length converter
In 3rd spatial light router, the 3rd spatial light router is changed through second wave length again after carrying out space route to Single wavelength signal
Optical multiplexer is transmitted to after device wavelength convert, each Single wavelength signal is merged into optical signal all the way and is output to second by optical multiplexer
Spatial light router.
The light that the first wave length converter or second wave length converter include filtering out optical signal before conversion filters
Device structure.
Do not include optical filter structure, the 3rd space optical path in the first wave length converter and second wave length converter
There is different channel spacings from the first spatial light router, second space optical router by device so that single mode input fiber and
The transmission spectrum of the wavelength of the optical signal transmitted in single-mode output optical fiber and the 3rd spatial light router mismatches.
The optical demultiplexer is 1 × N optical demultiplexers, using array waveguide grating or diffraction etched diffraction grating.
The optical multiplexer is the optical multiplexer of N × 1, using array waveguide grating, diffraction etched diffraction grating or multiple-mode interfence
Coupler.
The first spatial light router or second space optical router are circular array waveguide optical grating or circulation diffraction
Etched diffraction grating.
The 3rd spatial light router is circular array waveguide optical grating or circulation diffraction etched diffraction grating.
The first wave length converter or second wave length converter are the nonlinear effect using semiconductor optical amplifier
The optical signal of one wavelength is loaded into the Wavelength transformational structure on the DC laser of another different wave length.
First spatial light router, second space optical router and the wavelength convert and routing module can be fully integrated
Or according to sectorization domain is partially integrated on same chip.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Based on wavelength convert and routing module, there is fabulous expansion, reduce the design difficulty of All-optical routing, have at the same time
There are space route and the effect of wavelength convert, it can be achieved that any exchange of N number of channel and input terminal are not shared the same light in same root optical fiber
Channel switch between fibre.
Clear logic of the present invention, can completely realize signal wavelength conversion, the function of forwarding in All-optical routing, and to the letter of light
Number form is fully transparent.
The present invention enjoys the bandwidth of bigger compared to traditional optical-electrical-optical router and existing optical routing structure, can complete higher
The light data processing of bit rate, exchange.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of wavelength convert and routing module of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the first spatial light router routed path schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 4 is second space optical router routed path schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the 3rd spatial light router routing table schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 6 is All-optical routing working method example of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the optical demultiplexer schematic diagram of embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the optical multiplexer schematic diagram of embodiment.
Fig. 9 is the first wavelength shifter structure chart of embodiment.
Figure 10 is second of wavelength shifter structure chart of embodiment.
Figure 11 is the wavelength shifter principle of signal conversion and design sketch of embodiment.
Figure 12 is the spatial light router schematic diagram of embodiment.
Figure 13 is the first input port transmitted spectrum schematic diagram of the 3rd spatial light router of embodiment.
In figure：A, wavelength convert and routing module, the 3, first spatial light router, 4, optical demultiplexer, 5, first wave length
Converter, the 6, the 3rd spatial light router, 7, second wave length converter, 8, optical multiplexer, 9, second space optical router, L1,
L2 ... LN is the sequence number of single mode input fiber, L1 ', L2 ' ... LN ' is the sequence number of single-mode output optical fiber, 10, tunable laser
Device, 11, nonlinear optical amplifier, 12, delay waveguide, 13, linear optical amplifier, 14, phase converter.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, whole router mainly by 3, two groups of wavelength converts of the first spatial light router and routing module A and
Second space optical router 9 is formed；One group of wavelength is connected between N roots single mode input fiber and the first spatial light router 3 to turn
Change and routing module A, it is each in each optical signal for being multiplexed single mode input fiber by this group of wavelength convert and routing module A
Channel carries out wavelength convert processing and is transmitted in the first spatial light router 3；The output port of first spatial light router 3 is through another
One group of wavelength convert and routing module A are connected with the input port of second space optical router 9, and the light of every group of different wave length is believed
Number by wavelength convert processing be transmitted in 9 corresponding input port of second space optical router；Second space optical routing
Device 9 will be transmitted to second space light path by the optical signal of another group of wavelength convert and every group of different wave length of routing module A outputs
By 9 corresponding output port of device；9 output port of second space optical router is connected with N root single-mode output optical fiber, will be exported
Optical signal is connected to corresponding single-mode output optical fiber；9 mirror image work of first spatial light router 3 and second space optical router
Make so that each wavelength of optical signal and the first spatial light router 3 in the every road optical fiber exported by second space optical router 9
Each wavelength of optical signal in corresponding input optical fibre is consistent.
Every group of wavelength convert and wavelength convert in routing module A and routing module A quantity with single mode input fiber
Radical is identical.
As shown in Fig. 2, each wavelength convert and routing module A design all same in system, including sequentially connected photodissociation
Multiplexer 4, N number of first wave length converter 5, the 3rd spatial light router 6, N number of second wave length converter 7 and optical multiplexer 8, bear
Duty carries out the wavelength convert and route of one group of N number of wavelength channels of spatial light 3 one output ports of router.
As shown in Fig. 2, the first spatial light router 3 first passes through optical demultiplexer 4 per the optical signal of road output port and decomposes
For Single wavelength signal, each Single wavelength signal is transferred in the 3rd spatial light router 6 through respective first wave length converter 5,
3rd spatial light router 6 transmits after 7 wavelength convert of second wave length converter again after carrying out space route to Single wavelength signal
To optical multiplexer 8, each Single wavelength signal is merged into optical signal all the way and is output to second space optical router 9 by optical multiplexer 8.
Preferably, first wave length converter 5 or second wave length converter 7 include optical filter structure, and first wave length turns
The optical filter structure of parallel operation 5 or second wave length converter 7 filters out optical signal before conversion.
Preferably, in the case of not including optical filter in first wave length converter 5 and second wave length converter 7, the
The output port of one wavelength shifter 5 and second wave length converter 7 can have optical signal after former optical signal and conversion at the same time.If
3rd spatial light router 6 designs identical with the first spatial light router 3, second space optical router 9, then former optical signal can road
By a certain output port to 3, interference routes to optical signal after the conversion that the port exports.After avoiding former optical signal to conversion
Optical signal crosstalk in each port, the 3rd spatial light router 6 and first in optical signal crosstalk, i.e. the 3rd spatial light router 6
Spatial light router 3, second space optical router 9 have different channel spacings so that single mode input fiber and single-mode output
The transmission spectrum (i.e. transmitted spectrum) of the wavelength of the optical signal transmitted in optical fiber and the 3rd spatial light router 6 mismatches.
When it is implemented, for two groups of wavelength converts and routing module A so that the 3rd spatial light router 6 and first is empty
Between optical router 3, the interchannel of second space optical router 9 be separated with certain deviation, prevent former optical signal from by the 3rd space
Optical router 6.Former optical signal enters first wave length converter 5, makes signal loading to one group of new wavelength, with the 3rd space optical path
By 6 channel matched of device, i.e., channel switch is completed using one group of different wave length in wavelength convert and routing module A.Turn in wavelength
Change in modules A, by first time wavelength shifter 5, the optical signal after optical demultiplexer 4 demultiplexes is transferred to one group of difference
On the light of wavelength interval, by the 3rd spatial light router 6, then by second of wavelength shifter 7, by the 3rd space optical path by
Optical signal after the route of 6 space of device is changed to the wavelength for meeting 9 channel spacing of second space optical router again, continues to transmit.
Optical demultiplexer 4 is 1 × N optical demultiplexers, is according to designed by the wavelength interval of N number of channel in input optical fibre
Single ended input, the optical passive component of N number of port Single wavelength output, preferably using array waveguide grating AWG or diffraction etching light
Grid EDG.
Optical multiplexer 8 is the optical multiplexer of N × 1, for N number of input single-wavelength light signal merge into the light of single port output without
Source device, preferably uses array waveguide grating AWG, diffraction etched diffraction grating EDG or multi-mode interference coupler MMI.
Preferable first spatial light router 3,9 and the 3rd spatial light router 6 of second space optical router can it is identical or
Person differs, and can use circular array waveguide optical grating AWGR or circulation diffraction etched diffraction grating EDGR.
The first wave length converter 5 or the structure of second wave length converter 7 can be identical or differ, and are specially profit
With the nonlinear effect of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA by the optical signal loading of a wavelength another different wave length DC laser
On Wavelength transformational structure.
Preferably, first wave length converter 5 or second wave length converter 7 can use structure as shown in Figure 9, including adjustable
Humorous laser 10, nonlinear optical amplifier 11 and delay waveguide 12, detection light and the flashlight warp that tunable laser 10 is sent
11 input terminal of waveguide connected nonlinearity image intensifer, the output terminal of nonlinear optical amplifier 11 connect fiber waveguide and delay ripple respectively
Signal is exported after leading 12.
Preferably, first wave length converter 5 or second wave length converter 7 can use structure as shown in Figure 10, including can
Tuned laser 10, nonlinear optical amplifier 11, delay waveguide 12, linear optical amplifier 13 and phase converter 14, flashlight is divided into
Two-way, connects respective 13 input terminal of linear optical amplifier, tunable laser 10 after fiber waveguide and delay waveguide 12 respectively
Send two-way detection light, the output terminal of two 13 output terminals of linear optical amplifier and corresponding tunable laser 10 is through coupling
Clutch couples, by the signal of two 13 output terminals of linear optical amplifier and the two-way of tunable laser 10 detection light difference coupling
Close, respective 11 input terminal of nonlinear optical amplifier is connected to after forming two ways of optical signals, two-way nonlinear optical amplifier 11
Output after one of 11 output terminal of nonlinear optical amplifier connection phase converter 14 with the nonlinear optical amplifier 11 of another way
Final optical signal is exported after the coupling of end.
Above-mentioned tunable laser is tunable semiconductor laser, and nonlinear optical amplifier 11 uses nonlinear optical
Amplifier, linear optical amplifier 13 use linear semiconductor image intensifer.
The N of the present invention is positive integer, when needed, need to only increase and output and input number of fibers, and corresponding increase by three
3,6,9 port number of spatial light router and the number of wavelength convert and routing module A, wherein wavelength convert and routing module A
Structure and design all same.
The operation principle of the present invention is as follows：
In the present invention, each signal wavelength subscript occurred in figure is the same, and it is the same to represent wavelength.Transmitted in input optical fibre
One group of wavelength of optical signal matrix such as formula 1.Wherein subscript first digit i represents optical fiber sequence number, and second digit j represents channel sequence
Number, such as λ12Represent second channel wavelength of first input optical fibre.
Wherein, the first spatial light router 3 designs identical with second space optical router 9, mirror image use, be have it is identical
Free Spectral Range Δ λFSR, same channel interval delta v AWGR or EDGR passive devices, with every optical fiber input signal wavelength
Scope and wavelength interval match.First spatial light router, 3 routed path such as Fig. 3.After route, output port wavelength square
Battle array such as formula 2, each of which row represents the wavelength of the corresponding output port of spatial light router one：
Second space optical router 9 routed path such as Fig. 4, after wavelength convert module, the wavelength of each port input
Matrix such as 2 output port wavelength matrix such as formula 3 of formula：
In wavelength convert and routing module A, the first wave length converter 5 based on tunable laser, SOA and MZI and
Two wavelength shifters 7 can realize the very broadband wavelength convert of covering, input optical signal can be loaded in tunable laser
In any wavelength light that device can export.To avoid crosstalk between optical signal and original signal after wavelength convert, the 3rd spatial light is designed
Router 6, makes it have different operation wavelengths, former optical signal from the first spatial light router 3, second space optical router 9
By just having very big decay after the 3rd spatial light router 6.By first time wavelength convert, make former optical signal loading with 3
Matched one group of new wavelength X1,λ2,λ3,…λNOn.3rd spatial light router, 6 routing table such as Fig. 5.By the 3rd spatial light
The forwarding of router 6, optical signal enters second of wavelength convert in corresponding ports after conversion, and transformed wavelength should meet at this time
The needs of second space optical router 9, similarly, the optical signal before conversion is by also there is very big damage after second space optical router 9
Consumption, avoids the crosstalk between channel.
Below by taking the exchange of several representative channels as an example, specific routing procedure is introduced：
(1) different channels exchange in same optical fiber
, can be with as shown in fig. 6, every input optical fibre be all connected with one if some channels need to exchange in an optical fiber
Wavelength convert and routing module A, with the λ in input optical fibre LNN1With λN3Exemplified by exchange, then first in first wavelength convert and
In routing module, λN1With λN3It is demultiplexed to respectively enter first, third channel.By λN1Change to λ3, λN3Change to λ3, pass through
The 3rd spatial light router in the wavelength convert and routing module, respectively in second of wavelength convert the 3rd, first passage
Be converted to λN1、λN3, exported after multiplexing, complete the signal exchange in optical fiber.
(2) in different optical fiber, same logical channel exchanges
Same logical channel refers in different optical fiber, is forwarded if being directly over the first spatial light router 3, empty into first
Between optical router 3 same output port wavelength, i.e., in formula 2 matrix per a line be all one group of same logical channel.With λ11
And λ22Exemplified by exchange, such as Fig. 6, first, λ11And λ22Respectively from input optical fibre L1, L2 through first group of wavelength convert and routing module,
Remain λ11、λ22, send to first, second input port of the first spatial light router 3, enter another group of ripple by route
First in long conversion and routing module.In another group of wavelength convert and routing module, λ11Through first time wavelength convert extremely
λ2, forwarded by the 3rd spatial light router 6, into second of wavelength convert second channel, then wavelength convert is to λ22.Similarly,
λ22Through first time wavelength convert to λ2, forwarded by the 3rd spatial light router 6, λ2It is logical into second of wavelength convert first
Road, then wavelength convert is to λ11。λ11With λ22After the multiplexing of multiplexer 8, into second space optical router 9, output is forwarded to respectively
Optical fiber L1 ', L2 '.Then complete λ in input optical fibre L111With λ in input optical fibre L222Port and the complete exchange of wavelength.
Because the output port of each the first spatial light router 3 includes the correspondence phase from each input optical fibre
Same logic channel, therefore, any channel in input optical fibre can be with corresponding same logical channel in an other optical fiber
The complete exchange of completing port and wavelength.
(3) in different optical fiber, Different Logic channel switch
With the λ in input optical fibre L112With the λ in input optical fibre L222Exemplified by exchange, such as Fig. 6.First, λ12And λ22Respectively from
Input optical fibre L1, L2 remain λ through first group of wavelength convert and routing module12、λ22, send to the first spatial light router 3
First, second input port, by routeing second and first entered in another group of wavelength convert and routing module.
In another group of wavelength convert and routing module, λ22First time wavelength convert is to λ2, forwarded by the 3rd spatial light router 6, λ2
Into second of wavelength convert first passage, then wavelength convert is to λ11, after the multiplexing of multiplexer 8, into second space optical routing
Device 9.Similarly, λ12Through first time wavelength convert, by its contained signal loading in λ4, route to the threeway of second of wavelength convert
Road, then by signal loading in λ23。λ11And λ23Output optical fibre L1 ', L2 ' are respectively enterd by the forwarding of second space optical router 9.
Unlike the channel switch in the case of the first, in this case, λ in input optical fibre L112Be converted to output
λ in optical fiber L2 '23, λ in input optical fibre L222Be converted to λ in output optical fibre L1 '11, wavelength is inconsistent before and after route.
The present invention is realized except that various functions module can be built system by optical fiber connection, can also pass through active nothing
Source integrated technology is realized on chip, including the multiple extension based on III-V wafers or quantum well mixing technique monolithic collection
Into, III-V hybrid integrated is accurately bonded with SOI.
All structures by the invention, such as the first spatial light router 3, second space optical router 9 and wavelength convert
And routing module A can be integrated completely or partially on the same chip.
Wherein, part is integrated can specifically integrate according to device function subregion, such as in wavelength convert and routing module A,
Each wavelength shifter 5 can be integrated into a device, after array, by optical fiber and the 3rd spatial light router 6, multiplexer 8,
The other devices such as demultiplexer 4 connect, and expand to whole wavelength convert and routing module.Wavelength convert and routing module and first
Equally connected between spatial light router 3 and second space optical router 9 using optical fiber.
The specific implementation process of the present invention：
Optical demultiplexer 4 has one group of wavelength difference using a kind of AWG structures as shown in Figure 7 in demultiplexer input port
Optical signal, by AWG devices, be divided into N roads, from demultiplexer output port export.
Optical multiplexer 8 is using a kind of AWG structures as shown in Figure 8, and N number of port inputs difference respectively at multiplexer inputs mouth
The optical signal of wavelength, by AWG, is combined into all the way, is exported from multiplexer output terminal mouth.
Two groups of selections of wavelength shifter 5,7 can use structure as shown in Figure 9, Figure 10.Tunable laser 10 can pass through
The mode such as electric current injection or thermal tuning, obtains DC laser.As shown in figure 9, the detection light that is sent of tunable laser 10 and
Flashlight enters nonlinear optical amplifier 11 together, the two is modulated by Nonlinear and crossing, and detection light will load signal.Due to
The limitation of semiconductor devices carrier lifetime, in high speed crossmodulation, detects the signal strength of light, phase changes with flashlight
And the change occurred has conditions of streaking.For example quantum well structure semiconductor chip, carrier lifetime are about a few nanosecond ns, it is clear that
It cannot meet 10GHz and above crossmodulation response demand.By the waveguide 12 that is delayed, make detection light through above and below different length two
Arm, output port is reached with the time difference of Δ t.As shown in Figure 11 A, there are a phase difference for the light of two-way detection at this timePass through
Optimize phase differenceFormer detection light " hangover " effect can be eliminated after the detection interference of light of two beams, phase information is converted into intensity
Information, improves signal quality, such as Figure 11 B.Structure shown in Figure 10 is then that incoming signal light first is divided into two-way, is passed through all the way below
Waveguide 12 be delayed so that the two retention time difference Δ t, balances two paths of signals luminous power by linear amplifier 13.10 are sent
Detection light be also divided into 2 tunnels, be coupled as entering nonlinear amplifier 11 afterwards all the way respectively with upper arm, underarm flashlight.Equally, exist
The crossmodulation of detection light and flashlight occurs in 11, then the phase difference of light is detected by two-arm above and below 14 optimizing regulation of phase converterSuch as Figure 11, preferable detection optical signal output is obtained.
The signal of the two-arm up and down delay Δ t of the offer of delay waveguide 14 is determined according to signal rate.If input signal is
10Gbit/s zero code, then Δ t is about 0.05ns.If the phase difference of upper and lower two-arm detection optical signal is 180 °, can be complete
It is absolutely dry to relate to delustring, reach maximum extinction ratio.
Three spatial light routers 3,6,9 are as shown in figure 12, can be every by the left side for a kind of circulation etched diffraction grating EDGR
The Wavelength routing of Single port input is to corresponding output port.With reference to λ in Fig. 611With λ22Exchange process, when the system for 4 it is defeated
Enter optical fiber, there is 4 channels in every input optical fibre, i.e., when 4 × 4, each channel in input optical fibre through the first space optical path by
After device 3 forwards, 4 wavelength of optical signal into the first output port of the first spatial light router 3 are respectively λ11=
1549.64nm λ22=1550.44nm, λ33=1551.24nm, λ44=1552.04nm.λ11Through first time wavelength convert, will believe
Number loading in λ2On=1550.0nm.It is the first input port transmission spectrum example of the 3rd spatial light router 6 such as Figure 13.λ11
With λ2At the same time into the first input port of the 3rd spatial light router 6, but due to λ11The 3rd spatial light router 6 is not met
Operating condition, so have the loss of more than 28dB, and λ2Only 2dB losses left and right, greatly reduces former optical signal λ11To follow-up
The influence of routing procedure.Pass through forwarding, λ2Exported in the second output port of the 3rd spatial light router 6.
The route bandwidth of the present invention is mainly by active device (including semiconductor optical amplifier and tunable laser etc.)
Dynamic response bandwidth limits.In a wdm system, the wavelength handoff response time of Wavelength tunable laser is directly determined with ripple
The optical signal bag transmitted response time of a length of foundation.Routing infrastructure of the present invention experienced four wavelength converts, then the typical case of system
Longest response time ttotFor：
ttot=4 × tswitch+tc
Wherein, tcFor a passage routed path processing time, tswitchFor the letter of tunable laser in wavelength shifter
Road switching time.Total response time ttotAlso light data bag queue delay is reflected, and it is it is thus determined that adjacent in a passage
Minimum interval needed between two optical signal data queues.By taking V-type coupled cavity lasers as an example, electrical pumping tuning channel
Switching time about 500ps.Based on current very large scale integration technology (VLSI technology), tcIt can be estimated as
0.5ns.Single-chip integration Wavelength transformational structure based on SOA can complete the wavelength convert of 10Gb/s~40Gb/s.In 40Gb/s
In the case of, the response time ttot of system will not cause signal congestion, i.e. this All-optical routing device can complete N2The number of × 40Gb/s
According to route.Thus, the present invention enjoys the bandwidth of bigger compared to traditional optical-electrical-optical router and existing optical routing structure, can complete
The light data processing of playout length, exchange.
The afforded maximum routed channels number of the present invention is N2, i.e. N roots input optical fibre, the number of channel in every optical fiber
Mesh≤N.When increasing input optical fibre number, it is only necessary to redesign three spatial light routers 3,6,9, make its port number with
Input optical fibre number is consistent, while channel spacing meets incident optical signal needs.In wavelength convert and routing module A twice
Wavelength convert design need not be changed, and only need linearly increasing number as desired.
In the present invention, AWG devices at 8 liang of optical demultiplexer 4 and optical multiplexer can also use etched diffraction grating EDG or
Multi-mode interference coupler MMI is substituted, and the EDGR devices at three spatial light routers 3,6,9 can also use AWGR devices to substitute.
Above-described embodiment is used for illustrating the present invention, rather than limits the invention.The present invention spirit and
In scope of the claims, to any modifications and changes of the invention made, protection scope of the present invention is both fallen within.
Claims (9)
1. the wavelength and space All-optical routing device of a kind of modular extendable, it is characterised in that：Including the first spatial light router
（3）, two groups of wavelength convert and routing modules（A）And second space optical router（9）；N roots single mode input fiber and the first space
Optical router（3）Between be connected with one group of wavelength convert and routing module（A）, pass through this group of wavelength convert and routing module（A）
Each channel in each optical signal of single mode input fiber multiplexing is subjected to wavelength convert and route processing is transmitted to the first space
Optical router（3）In；First spatial light router（3）Output port through another group of wavelength convert and routing module（A）With
Two spatial light routers（9）Input port connection, by the optical signal of every group of different wave length by wavelength convert processing be transmitted to
Second space optical router（9）In corresponding input port；Second space optical router（9）Will be by another group of wavelength convert
And routing module（A）The optical signal of every group of different wave length of output is transmitted to second space optical router（9）It is corresponding defeated
Exit port；Second space optical router（9）Output port is connected with N root single-mode output optical fiber, and output light is signally attached to respectively
Self-corresponding single-mode output optical fiber；First spatial light router（3）With second space optical router（9）Mirror image works so that by
Second space optical router（9）Each wavelength of optical signal and the first spatial light router in every road optical fiber of output（3）Each
Each wavelength of optical signal in corresponding input optical fibre is consistent；
The wavelength convert and routing module（A）Including sequentially connected optical demultiplexer（4）, N number of first wave length converter
（5）, the 3rd spatial light router（6）, N number of second wave length converter（7）And optical multiplexer（8）；First spatial light router（3）
Optical demultiplexer is first passed through per the optical signal of road output port（4）Single wavelength signal is decomposed into, each Single wavelength signal is through respective
First wave length converter（5）It is transferred to the 3rd spatial light router（6）In, the 3rd spatial light router（6）To unicast long letter
Number carry out space route after again through second wave length converter（7）Optical multiplexer is transmitted to after wavelength convert（8）, optical multiplexer（8）
Each Single wavelength signal is merged into optical signal all the way and is output to second space optical router（9）；
Two groups of wavelength converts and routing module（A）In, the 3rd spatial light router（6）With the first spatial light router（3）, second
Spatial light router（9）Interchannel be separated with deviation, prevent former optical signal from by the 3rd spatial light router（6）, former light letter
Number enter first wave length converter（5）, make signal loading to one group it is new with the 3rd spatial light router（6）The ripple of channel matched
It is long, i.e., in wavelength convert and routing module（A）It is middle that channel switch is completed using one group of different wave length；In wavelength convert and route mould
Block（A）In, pass through first wave length converter（5）, make through optical demultiplexer（4）Optical signal after demultiplexing is transferred to one group of difference
On the light of wavelength interval, pass through the 3rd spatial light router（6）, then by second of wavelength shifter（7）, by the 3rd spatial light
Router（6）Optical signal after the route of space is changed to meeting second space optical router again（9）The wavelength of channel spacing, after
Resume defeated.
2. the wavelength and space All-optical routing device of a kind of modular extendable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The first wave length converter stated（5）Or second wave length converter（7）Including the optical filter knot for filtering out optical signal before conversion
Structure.
3. the wavelength and space All-optical routing device of a kind of modular extendable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The first wave length converter stated（5）And second wave length converter（7）In do not include optical filter structure, the 3rd spatial light router
（6）With the first spatial light router（3）, second space optical router（9）With different channel spacings so that single mode input light
The wavelength and the 3rd spatial light router of the optical signal transmitted in fine and single-mode output optical fiber（6）Transmission spectrum mismatch.
4. the wavelength and space All-optical routing device of a kind of modular extendable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The optical demultiplexer stated（4）For 1 × N optical demultiplexers, using array waveguide grating（AWG）Or diffraction etched diffraction grating（EDG）.
5. the wavelength and space All-optical routing device of a kind of modular extendable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The optical multiplexer stated（8）For the optical multiplexer of N × 1, using array waveguide grating, diffraction etched diffraction grating or multi-mode interference coupler.
6. the wavelength and space All-optical routing device of a kind of modular extendable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The the first spatial light router stated（3）Or second space optical router（9）For circular array waveguide optical grating or circulation diffraction etching
Grating.
7. the wavelength and space All-optical routing device of a kind of modular extendable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The 3rd spatial light router stated（6）For circular array waveguide optical grating or circulation diffraction etched diffraction grating.
8. the wavelength and space All-optical routing device of a kind of modular extendable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The first wave length converter stated（5）Or second wave length converter（7）To utilize the nonlinear effect of semiconductor optical amplifier by one
The optical signal of wavelength loads the Wavelength transformational structure on the DC laser of another different wave length.
9. the wavelength and space All-optical routing device of a kind of modular extendable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The the first spatial light router stated（3）, second space optical router（9）With wavelength convert and routing module（A）It can be fully integrated
Or according to sectorization domain is partially integrated on same chip.
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| WO2016090620A1 (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-16 | 浙江大学 | Modularly extensible n2 × n2 wavelength and space all-optical router |
| CN104656090B (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2017-02-01 | 浙江大学 | Optically controlled phased array radar system based on wavelength routing |
| CN105792032B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2021-12-21 | 浙江大学 | All-optical buffer based on arrayed waveguide grating router |
| US11323787B1 (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-03 | Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp | Multi-chip photonic node for scalable all-to-all connected fabrics |
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