CN104313728A - Exchange bias nickel-base ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Exchange bias nickel-base ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN104313728A
CN104313728A CN201410562185.5A CN201410562185A CN104313728A CN 104313728 A CN104313728 A CN 104313728A CN 201410562185 A CN201410562185 A CN 201410562185A CN 104313728 A CN104313728 A CN 104313728A
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composite nano
nano fiber
antiferromagnetic
preparation
nickel
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CN104313728B (en
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陈平
肖超
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NANJING UNIVERSITY (SUZHOU) HIGH-TECH INSTITUTE
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NANJING UNIVERSITY (SUZHOU) HIGH-TECH INSTITUTE
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of a magnetic nano material, and discloses a preparation method of an exchange bias nickel-base ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber. The method comprises the steps of dissolving nickel salt and high polymer in organic solvent to form uniform and transparent precursor sol; spinning the precursor sol on a high-speed rotating cylindrical receiving device to form well-ordered precursor nano fiber in an electrostatic spinning method; sintering the precursor nano fiber in a tubular furnace under an air atmosphere to form a nickel oxide fiber membrane; reducing the nickel oxide fiber membrane in a tubular furnace in a mixed atmosphere of the hydrogen and argon to obtain Ni/NiO composite nano fiber; and directionally annealing the Ni/NiO composite nano fiber under the protection of argon to obtain the exchange bias nickel-base ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber. The exchange bias ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic composite nano material prepared by adopting the route and the method has advantages of low cost, simple equipment and process and the like.

Description

A kind of exchange biased Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to magnetic Nano material field, be specifically related to a kind of Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber with exchange bias effect and preparation method thereof, its chemical composition is nickel (Ni)/nickel oxide (NiO).
Background technology
From after being cooled to low temperature higher than antiferromagnetic Ne&1&el temperature in Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite outside magnetic field, the hysteresis curve of ferromagnetic layer will along magnetic direction deviation from origin, and its bias is called as exchange bias field, and this phenomenon is referred to as exchange biased.Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite exchange biased realizing having very important effect in giant reluctivity device, is applied in fields such as high density magnetic recordings.Meanwhile, the exchange biased effect of Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic makes the natural resonant frequency of composite increase substantially, and can meet some high-frequency elements have high operate frequency and high magnetic permeability simultaneously requirement for material, be conducive to the microminiaturization realizing high-frequency element.Because it is in the huge applications prospect in the fields such as magneto-electronics, spintronics and microwave technology, Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite and technology of preparing thereof arouse great concern.The exchange biased Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite that prior art is prepared structurally mainly contains two kinds of forms: one is shell-caryogram grain structure, and another kind is then multi-layer film structure.There is the Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite fibre of exchange bias effect and the derived structure of formation thereof, as porous fiber film etc., so far and there are no open report.
Nanofiber refers to the radial dimension one-dimensional material that all length is longer in nanometer scale.Because the radial dimension of nanofiber is in nanometer scale, there is larger specific area, thus cause its surface energy and active increase, and bring small-size effect, quantum size effect, surface or interfacial effect, macro quanta tunnel effect etc. thus.Therefore, the derived structure of nanofiber and formation thereof often presents the many special physical, the chemical property that are different from conventional material, and is widely applied in fields such as electronic information, biomedicine, mechanical engineerings.Along with the development of nanometer technology, the preparation method of a lot of nanofiber has been had to be suggested, such as method of electrostatic spinning, template synthesis method, self-assembly method, chemical vapour deposition technique etc.In these methods, the electrospinning process being the U.S. Patent Publication of 1975504 by the patent No. the earliest a kind ofly can prepare effective ways that are a large amount of, continuous print nanofiber.Due to its have device and technique simple, the advantages such as the continuous fibers with macro length can be prepared in a large number, this patent causes great attention.This in decades, people have developed a lot of new electrospinning process on its basis, and are widely applied in the preparation of nanofiber, comprise high polymer nanometer fiber, inorganic oxide fibres, metal fibre, composite fibre etc.These Method and Technology provide the foundation for preparing magnetic composite nano fiber, but from disclosed report, also do not relate to and how to prepare Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber, more do not relate to the Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber how prepared and there is exchange bias effect, need further to study and find.
In background technology, existing preparation method is only limitted to the exchange biased Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite preparing particle and multi-layer film structure, can't prepare the material of fibre structure.And the electrospinning process mentioned in background technology, metal/oxide composite nano fiber can be prepared, but do not relate to how realizing Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite, particularly how realize the exchange biased of Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic.Therefore, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of nickel (Ni) base Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber with exchange bias effect, and provides preparation method that a kind of metal and oxide thereof by having Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic characteristic is formed, that can realize exchange biased composite nano-fiber material.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A preparation method for exchange biased Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber, it comprises the steps:
(1) nickel salt and high polymer are dissolved the precursor sol being mixed with homogeneous transparent in organic solvent;
(2) precursor sol step (1) obtained is spun into the presoma nanofiber of ordered arrangement on the tubular receiving system of High Rotation Speed by electrostatic spinning;
(3) presoma nanofiber step (2) obtained sinters and obtains nickel oxide fiber in tube furnace, under air atmosphere;
(4) nickel oxide (NiO) fiber that step (3) obtains is carried out reduction treatment in tube furnace, under hydrogen and argon gas mixed atmosphere, obtain Ni/NiO composite nano fiber;
(5) the Ni/NiO composite nano fiber that step (4) obtains is carried out directed extra show annealing in process under argon shield, to obtain final product.
In step (1), described nickel salt is nickel nitrate or nickel acetate; Described high polymer is polyethylene polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) etc.; Described organic solvent comprises DMF (DMF), absolute ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol etc.
In the precursor sol that step (1) prepares, the mass concentration of high polymer is 6 ~ 18%, and the mass concentration of nickel salt is 6 ~ 10%.
In step (2), the technical parameter of electrostatic spinning is: electrostatic potential 9 ~ 12kV, and the distance that spinning syringe needle distance receives cylinder is 10 ~ 15cm; Reception cylinder length is 10 ~ 20cm, diameter is 8 ~ 12cm, and during work, its rotating speed is not less than 1800 revs/min.
In step (3), the technical parameter of sintering is: heating rate is 2 ~ 3 DEG C/min, first from room temperature to 80 ~ 120 DEG C (preferably 100 DEG C), be incubated 30 ~ 45 minutes (preferably 30 minutes), and then be warming up to 500 ~ 600 DEG C with identical heating rate, be incubated 2 ~ 3 hours again, naturally cool to room temperature with body of heater afterwards.
In step (4), the technical parameter of reduction treatment is: in mixed atmosphere, hydrogen volume content is 5 ~ 10% (preferably 5%), heating rate is 2 ~ 3 DEG C/min, and reduction temperature is 300 ~ 350 DEG C (preferably 350 DEG C), and the recovery time is 30 ~ 45 minutes.
In step (5), the technical parameter adding field annealing is: apply magnetic field along fiber orientation directions during annealing, additional induced magnetic field size is 10 ~ 15kOe (preferred 10kOe), and annealing temperature is 250 ~ 300 DEG C (preferably 250 DEG C).
The exchange biased Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber that above-mentioned preparation method prepares is also within protection scope of the present invention.
Above-mentioned Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber, chemical composition is Ni/NiO, and fibre diameter is at 50 ~ 100nm, and fiber has orientations, and under room temperature, significantly skew appears in the hysteresis curve of fiber, namely has exchange bias effect.
The application of above-mentioned Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber in preparation magnetoelectronic devices, spintronics devices and high-frequency element is also within protection scope of the present invention.
Beneficial effect: adopt route of the present invention and method to prepare exchange biased Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano materials, there is the advantages such as cost is low, instrument and supplies is simple.In the Ni/NiO composite nano fiber prepared, Ni has ferromagnetism, and NiO has antiferromagnetic characteristic, after extra show annealing in process, there is significantly skew in composite nano fiber hysteresis curve at room temperature, and coercivity increases, and has namely occurred exchange bias effect, can be applicable to magnetoelectronic devices, spintronics devices and high-frequency element, such as giant reluctivity device, Spin Valve, thin film inductor etc.
Summary of the invention
Accompanying drawing explanation
Ni/NiO composite nano fiber X-ray diffraction (XRD) collection of illustrative plates that Fig. 1 embodiment 1 obtains.
Ni/NiO composite nano fiber ESEM (SEM) photo that Fig. 2 embodiment 1 obtains.
The Ni/NiO composite nano fiber room temperature hysteresis curve that Fig. 3 embodiment 1 obtains.
Ni/NiO composite nano fiber X-ray diffraction (XRD) collection of illustrative plates that Fig. 4 embodiment 2 obtains.
Ni/NiO composite nano fiber ESEM (SEM) photo that Fig. 5 embodiment 2 obtains.
The Ni/NiO composite nano fiber room temperature hysteresis curve that Fig. 6 embodiment 2 obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood.But those skilled in the art will readily understand, the content described by embodiment only for illustration of the present invention, and should can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims yet.
Embodiment 1 (550 DEG C of roasting 2h in air, 350 DEG C of reduction 30 minutes in hydrogen and argon gas mixed atmosphere):
Step 1: by 0.80g nickel nitrate (Ni (NO 3) 26H 2o) 8.4g N is added, in dinethylformamide (DMF), nickel salt was dissolved completely in about 1 hour through magnetic agitation, then adding 0.80g molecular weight is 1,300, the polyethylene polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) of 000, polymer was fully dissolved in about 12 hours through magnetic agitation, then leave standstill 2 hours, the dissolved colloidal state presoma that final formation is uniform and stable, wherein the concentration of PVP is 8wt%, and the concentration of nickel salt is 8wt%;
Step 2: precursor solution is transferred in 10ml plastic injector, be 0.7mm with teflon hose by syringe with external diameter, the stainless steel syringe needle of internal diameter 0.4mm couples together, stainless steel syringe needle is connected with the positive pole of high voltage source, spinning voltage is+10kV, diameter is 10cm, the high speed rotary-drum receiver of high 20cm is connected (minus earth) with the negative pole of high voltage source, drum rotation speed is 1800 revs/min, distance between syringe needle and cylinder is 12cm, the delivery rate controlling solution with micro-injection pump is 0.4mL/h, electrostatic spinning is carried out under envionmental humidity less than 40% with the condition of temperature 15 ~ 40 DEG C, prepare the presoma nanofiber of ordered arrangement,
Step 3: presoma nanofiber is put into tube furnace, keep air atmosphere, first be incubated 30 minutes with the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min from room temperature to 100 DEG C, and then be warming up to 550 DEG C with same heating rate and be incubated 2 hours, naturally cool to room temperature with body of heater afterwards, obtain nickel oxide fiber;
Step 4: nickel oxide fiber is placed in tube furnace, use hydrogen volume content is hydrogen and the argon gas mixed atmosphere of 5%, first ventilate 30 minutes, guarantee that in pipe, air is discharged, then be incubated 30 minutes with the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min from room temperature to 350 DEG C nickel oxide fiber is reduced, naturally cool to room temperature with body of heater afterwards, just can obtain Ni/NiO composite nano fiber;
Step 5: annealed in 250 DEG C (523K is greater than the Neel temperature 520K of NiO) under argon shield by Ni/NiO composite nano fiber, applies along fiber orientation directions the additional induced magnetic field that size is 10kOe during annealing.
Prepared composite fibre has the compound phase of Ni/NiO, as shown in Figure 1; Fibre diameter is between 50 ~ 100nm, and length is more than 10 μm, and fiber arranges along a direction with having orientation, as shown in Figure 2; From the result that Fig. 3 provides, for Ni fiber, there is the about skew of 60Oe in prepared composite fibre hysteresis curve, coercivity increases 265Oe at normal temperatures, shows typical exchange bias effect feature.Compare with existing exchange biased Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic material, Ni/NiO fiber has the features such as draw ratio is large.
Embodiment 2 (600 DEG C of roasting 2h in air, 350 DEG C of reduction 45 minutes in hydrogen and argon gas mixed atmosphere):
Step 1 is identical with embodiment 1 step 1;
Step 2 is identical with embodiment 1 step 2;
Step 3: precursor fibre is put into tube furnace, keep air atmosphere, first be incubated 30 minutes with the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min from room temperature to 100 DEG C, and then be warming up to 600 DEG C with same heating rate and be incubated 2 hours, naturally cool to room temperature with body of heater afterwards, obtain nickel oxide fiber;
Step 4: nickel oxide fiber is placed in tube furnace, use hydrogen volume content is hydrogen and the argon gas mixed atmosphere of 5%, first ventilate 30 minutes, guarantee that in pipe, air is discharged, then be incubated 45 minutes with the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min from room temperature to 350 DEG C nickel oxide fiber is reduced, naturally cool to room temperature with body of heater afterwards, just can obtain Ni/NiO composite nano fiber.
Step 5 is identical with embodiment 1 step 5.
Prepared composite fibre has the compound phase of Ni/NiO, as shown in Figure 4; Fibre diameter is between 50 ~ 100nm, and length is more than 10 μm, and fiber arranges along a direction with having orientation, as shown in Figure 5; From the result that Fig. 6 provides, for Ni fiber, there is the about skew of 20Oe in the composite fibre hysteresis curve prepared by this example, coercivity also increases 160Oe at normal temperatures, shows typical exchange bias effect feature equally.

Claims (10)

1. a preparation method for exchange biased Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber, it is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:
(1) nickel salt and high polymer are dissolved the precursor sol being mixed with homogeneous transparent in organic solvent;
(2) precursor sol step (1) obtained is spun into the presoma nanofiber of ordered arrangement on the tubular receiving system of High Rotation Speed by electrostatic spinning;
(3) presoma nanofiber step (2) obtained in tube furnace, in air atmosphere sintering obtain nickel oxide fiber;
(4) nickel oxide (NiO) fiber step (3) obtained carries out reduction treatment in tube furnace, under the mixed atmosphere of hydrogen and argon gas, obtains Ni/NiO composite nano fiber;
(5) the Ni/NiO composite nano fiber that step (4) obtains is carried out directed extra show annealing in process under argon shield, to obtain final product.
2. the preparation method of exchange biased Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), described nickel salt is nickel nitrate or nickel acetate; Described high polymer is polyethylene polyvinyl pyrrolidone or polyvinyl alcohol; Described organic solvent can be DMF, absolute ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol.
3. the preparation method of exchange biased Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the precursor sol that step (1) prepares, the mass concentration of high polymer is 6 ~ 18%, and the mass concentration of nickel salt is 6 ~ 10%.
4. the preparation method of exchange biased Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (2), the technical parameter of electrostatic spinning is: electrostatic potential 9 ~ 12kV, and the distance that spinning syringe needle distance receives cylinder is 10 ~ 15cm; Reception cylinder length is 10 ~ 20cm, diameter is 8 ~ 12cm, and during work, its rotating speed is not less than 1800 revs/min.
5. the preparation method of exchange biased Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (3), the technical parameter of sintering is: heating rate is 2 ~ 3 DEG C/min, first from room temperature to 80 ~ 120 DEG C, be incubated 30 ~ 45 minutes, and then be warming up to 500 ~ 600 DEG C with identical heating rate, be incubated 2 ~ 3 hours again, naturally cool to room temperature with body of heater afterwards.
6. the preparation method of exchange biased Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (4), the technical parameter of reduction treatment is: in mixed atmosphere, hydrogen volume content is 5 ~ 10%, heating rate is 2 ~ 3 DEG C/min, reduction temperature is 300 ~ 350 DEG C, and the recovery time is 30 ~ 45 minutes.
7. the preparation method of exchange biased Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (5), the technical parameter adding field annealing is: apply magnetic field along fiber orientation directions during annealing, additional induced magnetic field size is 10 ~ 15kOe, and annealing temperature is 250 ~ 300 DEG C.
8. the exchange biased Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber that the preparation method in right 1 ~ 7 described in any one prepares.
9. Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, chemical composition is Ni/NiO, fibre diameter is at 50 ~ 100nm, fiber has orientations, under room temperature there is significantly skew in the hysteresis curve of fiber, and coercivity increases, and namely has exchange bias effect.
10. the application of Ni-based Ferromagnetic/Antiferromagnetic composite nano fiber according to claim 8 in preparation magnetoelectronic devices, spintronics devices and high-frequency element.
CN201410562185.5A 2014-10-21 Exchange-biased nickel-based ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic composite nanofiber and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN104313728B (en)

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