CN104303946B - Hopper base fish-scale pit entire technique - Google Patents
Hopper base fish-scale pit entire technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN104303946B CN104303946B CN201410603294.7A CN201410603294A CN104303946B CN 104303946 B CN104303946 B CN 104303946B CN 201410603294 A CN201410603294 A CN 201410603294A CN 104303946 B CN104303946 B CN 104303946B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 101710031899 moon Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 description 4
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000006652 Cupressus sempervirens Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000220480 Acacia confusa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000036536 Cave Effects 0.000 description 1
- 240000005153 Dodonaea viscosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001200 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004694 Eucalyptus leucoxylon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010705 Eucalyptus maculata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009683 Eucalyptus polybractea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009687 Eucalyptus sargentii Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000002834 Paulownia tomentosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004059 degradation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001612 eucalyptus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001617 eucalyptus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001621 eucalyptus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006356 eucalyptus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004899 motility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005227 red mallee Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of hopper base fish-scale pit land preparation mode, belong to afforestation and soil preparation technical field.Being characterized in: dig half-moon-shaped hole from top to bottom along equal pitch contour on steeper deserted mountain is domatic, arranging in isosceles triangle, the vertical edges in the most half-moon-shaped hole is domatic top towards deserted mountain, and first quarter moon is towards barren hillside basifacial.One side vertical edges in described half-moon-shaped hole, immediately vertical edges is one and a half months, and half-moon-shaped hole is the hopper base of big upper and lower small mouth, shape such as fish scale, fish-scale pit at the bottom of steelyard slepsydra bucket, the whole ground specification in described half-moon-shaped hole is: width suitable for reading × vertical wide × deep=100 cm × 80 cm × 60cm.The factor increases and decreases such as concrete specification visual nursery stock specification, land occupation condition.Hopper base fish-scale pit of the present invention entire technique has certain water-holding capacity, plants trees in hole, can soil conservation water conservation fertilizer conservation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hopper base fish-scale pit entire technique, belong to afforestation and soil preparation technical field.
Background technology
Dry-hot Valley Area vegetation sparse, foehn effect is notable, and rainfall is little, but evaporation capacity is several times in rainfall,
Due to drought, human livestock drinking water difficulty, geological disaster frequently occurs in addition, and soil erosion degradation is serious, substantial amounts of deserted mountain, sand
Ground, is the district that is the devil of the artificial afforestation in the whole world, is also serious Eco-environmental fragile area.Dongchuan District, Kunming is domestic
Jinsha jiang River, little Jiang basin height above sea level 1600m region below are typical dry-hot valley areas.In region, ecological condition is severe, water and soil
Run off serious, bring great ecological safety hidden danger to Yangtze river basin middle and lower reaches particularly Three Gorges Dam.Carry out dry-hot valley to make
Woods entire technique is tested, and explores reforestation technique targetedly, to improving dry-hot valley Afforestation Quality, improves in region
Ecological environment, reduces significant to the destruction of In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at for dry-hot valley region, Dongchuan District Characteristics of Precipitation, a kind of hopper base fish-scale pit of invention is wholely
Technology, it is a kind of land preparation mode improved in original whole ground foundation.
The technical scheme of the present invention novel hopper base fish-scale pit entire technique is: along equal pitch contour on steeper deserted mountain is domatic
Digging half-moon-shaped hole from top to bottom, arrange in isosceles triangle, the vertical edges (11) in the most half-moon-shaped hole is domatic top, first quarter moon towards deserted mountain
(12) towards barren hillside basifacial.
One side vertical edges (11) of described half-moon-shaped hole (1), immediately vertical edges (11) is one and a half months (12), half-moon-shaped hole
(1) it is the hopper base of big upper and lower small mouth, shape such as fish scale, fish-scale pit at the bottom of steelyard slepsydra bucket,
The whole ground specification in described half-moon-shaped hole (1) is: width suitable for reading × vertical wide × deep=100 cm × 80 cm × 60cm.Tool
The factor increases and decreases such as body specification visual nursery stock specification, land occupation condition.
Land preparation mode of the present invention broadens suitable for reading on the basis of the cave-shaped whole ground of tradition, due to suitable for reading vertical in half-moon-shaped hole
Limit (11) is domatic top towards deserted mountain, and half-moon-shaped hole first quarter moon (12) suitable for reading is towards barren hillside basifacial, and rainwater can be from broadening
Place suitable for reading flows in hole, and first quarter moon shape is beneficial to store more limited precipitation, is more beneficial for the rainwater collecting heavy showers to half-moon-shaped
In hole (1), limited precipitation is come together in the root that plants seedlings, it is ensured that growth of planting seedlings.
Hopper base fish-scale pit of the present invention entire technique has certain water-holding capacity, plants trees in hole, can soil conservation water conservation fertilizer conservation.
Hopper base fish-scale pit entire technique can not only improve the surrival rate of afforestation, and construction cost also with traditional basic phase in cave-shaped whole ground
The technology of workman is required higher with, hopper base fish-scale pit wholely, but more traditional cave-shaped wholely little of quantities, traditional cave-shaped whole
The row of presenting and the lower cross-shaped structure of row, be not delta structure, the present invention is the land preparation mode being worthy to be popularized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is single half-moon-shaped hole sectional view on deserted mountain is domatic.
Fig. 2 is the cut-away view in A-A direction, single half-moon-shaped hole shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the top view in single half-moon-shaped hole shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 be two rows be the schematic diagram in four half-moon-shaped holes of isosceles triangle arrangement.
Detailed description of the invention:
The invention reside in and combine Dry-hot Valley Area feature and design hopper base fish-scale pit: edge on steeper deserted mountain is domatic
Equal pitch contour digs half-moon-shaped hole from top to bottom, and suitable for reading end opening is little greatly, hopper base, arranges in isosceles triangle, shape such as fish scale, therefore named funnel
Fish-scale pit, the end.Whole ground specification is: width suitable for reading × vertical wide × deep=100 cm × 80 cm × concrete specification of 60cm(is visually intended planting planting seedlings
The wood factor such as specification, land occupation condition increase and decrease).
The present invention digs half-moon-shaped hole from top to bottom along equal pitch contour on steeper deserted mountain is domatic, arranges in isosceles triangle.
Described half-moon-shaped hole is that suitable for reading end opening is little greatly, hopper base, shape such as fish scale, fish-scale pit at the bottom of steelyard slepsydra bucket, whole ground specification
For: width suitable for reading × vertical wide × deep=100 cm × 80 cm × 60cm
The present invention is directed to Dongchuan dry-hot valley climatic characteristic, Popularizing Forestry Technology station, Dongchuan District, Kunming is improved,
Change infundibulate into bottom whole melt pit, on steeper deserted mountain is domatic, digs half-moon-shaped hole from top to bottom along equal pitch contour, arrange in isosceles triangle
Row, suitable for reading end opening is little greatly, hopper base, shape such as fish scale, fish-scale pit at the bottom of steelyard slepsydra bucket, more can than traditional fish-scale pit in hopper base fish-scale pit
Water-retention stores fertilizer.
This invention land preparation mode is suitable for reading owing to broadening, and is more beneficial for collecting the rainwater of heavy showers, is converged by limited precipitation
Combine in the root that plants seedlings, play precipitation effect to greatest extent, and when can reduce heavy showers, table soil is washed away by rainwash, resistance
Stagnant or delay the formation of mud-rock flow.
Hopper base fish-scale pit of the present invention entire technique is a kind of water and soil conservation afforestation and soil preparation method, ground when also reducing heavy showers
Table soil is washed away by table runoff, blocks or delay the formation of mud-rock flow.
Detailed description of the invention
Seminar of the present invention selects the Tong Dou street, Dongchuan District, plot with typical dry-hot valley climatic characteristic
Zi Niu village Lin Jia crosses as proving ground.
, experimental field overview
Experimental field it is positioned at the Lin Jiadu in little Jiang basin, the north, Dongchuan District, Kunming, Yunnan city, for the slope, face in dry-hot valley region,
Area is 150 mu, and geographical position is east longitude 103 ° 06 ' 06 "～103 ° 06 ' 22 ", north latitude 26 ° 14 ' 50 "～26 ° 14 ' 58 ", away from
Little river air line distance 500m, west side next-door neighbour's Long Dongge highway, there is peasant in roadside for the pond irrigated.High aititude 1284m,
Low altitude area 1094m, discrepancy in elevation 190m, the gradient 20 °.Test plot soil is dry red soil, soil acidity or alkalinity 6.8-7.1, chad content
Between 15-40%.Plot vegetation mainly has akeake, turn round yellow thatch, and a small amount of artificial growth retain Eucalyptus, Leucaena leucacephala,
Acacia confusa, cream paulownia etc..
Test plot belongs to typical dry-hot valley weather.Over nearly 4 years, Dongchuan District unusual weather conditions.2008, year total precipitation
Amount is for 841mm, and same period more over the years, February, occurred freezing weather in meansigma methods 98mm on the high side；2009, year gross precipitation be
428.4mm, same period more over the years meansigma methods 314.9mm on the low side；2010, total rainfall per year was 837.8mm, and the same period more over the years is average
Being worth 94.5mm on the high side, although annual rainfall is on the high side, but be concentrated mainly on 6 to August, wherein June 26 days, Dongchuan District occurs in that greatly
Rainstorm weather, 24 hourly rainfall depths are 115.7mm, break through history extreme value, in 9 to October, three autumn jobs as harvesting, tilling and planting cloudy weather for several days running weather occur.2011
Rainfall is 560mm, and rainfall concentrates on 1 to July, the number of times showed increased that some heavy rain occurs.In January, 2012～daily rain amount in May 8
Amount for 25mm, began with fragmentary rainfall from May 9, rainfall concentrate on 6～October, 11～December almost without rainfall.
The artificial afforestation projects such as " long anti-", " sky guarantor " were successively implemented in test plot, but due to unusual weather conditions, land occupation condition
Badly, storage rate is extremely low, almost nil.
, material and method
2.1 land preparation mode
Use two kinds of land preparation modes, the most cave-shaped wholely and hopper base fish-scale pit wholely, afforestation seeding row spacing is 3m × 3m, product word
Shape configures.
2.2.1 hopper base fish-scale pit is wholely
Hopper base fish-scale pit entire technique combines dry-hot valley region, Dongchuan District Characteristics of Precipitation in the whole ground foundation in former fish-scale pit
A kind of land preparation mode of upper improvement.Be characterized in: width suitable for reading be monolithic fish scale-shaped, the end be funnel-form, therefore named hopper base fish-scale pit.
Whole ground specification is: width suitable for reading × vertical wide × deep=100 cm × 80 cm × 60cm.This land preparation mode is suitable for reading owing to broadening, and more has
It is beneficial to collect the rainwater of heavy showers, limited precipitation is come together in the root that plants seedlings, play precipitation effect, and energy to greatest extent
When reducing heavy showers, table soil is washed away by rainwash, blocks or delay the formation of mud-rock flow.
2.1.2 cave-shaped wholely
The cave-shaped traditional land preparation mode being Dongchuan wholely and afforesting.Plant hole specification is: long × wide × deep=60cm × 60cm ×
60cm。
Method for planting
Nursery stock being placed in when 2.2.1 hopper base fish-scale pit land preparation mode is planted center, the end, hole, accomplishes to plant and just holding up directly, the depth is fitted
Preferably, and track tramping having peace of mind.The degree of depth of banketing after planting is 30cm, suitable for reading should keep 30cm distance with hole, and empty part is reserved for watering
And Accumulated Rainwater use.
The most cave-shaped when planting wholely first by after mellow soil backfill 1/3, nursery stock is removed container and is placed on the central authorities in cave, then
Earth up away from hole suitable for reading 1/3, track tramping having peace of mind.
Test combinations
This test arranges 8 combinations and carries out.
8 combinations of two kinds of whole ground measure × tetra-compositions are used to carry out contrast test, each test combinations plantation 600
Strain, 4800 strains of planting altogether.The measure of watering of 8 combination employings is waters twice water.Main test different tree species is in difference wholely
Survival rate under measure and Afforestation Effects.
Hopper base fish-scale pit technology is to combine Dongchuan dry-hot valley novel land preparation mode of the actual one summed up.This is wholely
Mode is owing to expanding upper table mouth, and requires when planting only to fill out Ban Tangtu, and the isosceles triangle arrangement in addition used is more beneficial for collecting
Rainwater, particularly collects the heavy showers in short-term being difficult to be absorbed by earth's surface.As it can be seen from table 1 this land preparation mode is compared to tradition
Cave-shaped whole ground can be greatly improved the surrival rate of afforestation, but two kinds of land preparation modes are inconspicuous on the impact of growth increment.Test knot
Fruit is it is also shown that two kinds of land preparation mode costs of labor are essentially identical.The technology of workman is required higher by hopper base fish-scale pit wholely, but
Quantities is more cave-shaped wholely little, cave-shaped wholely the most contrary.
2.3.1 survival rate measures
To all test afforestation nursery stock subassembly observation statistics, calculate its survival rate.Wherein:
2.3.1.1 individual plant survives judgement
Nursery stock shoot sprouting one is to shut, and growth is normal, without pest and disease damage.
2.3.1.2 survival rate
Strain number/100 are survived in being combined into motility rate=combination.
2.3.2 increment measures
When field planting, often combine extraction 30 strains, numbering, measure footpath and height, each plant ground, within 10th, measure with December in 2012
Footpath, ground and high contrast, calculate its increment.
Subordinate list is as follows:
Table 1 afforestation and soil preparation engineering test combination table
| Tested number | Plant the time | Land preparation mode | Seeds | Irrigation times | Plant seedlings strain number | Remarks |
| 1 | In April, 2012 | Hopper base fish-scale pit | Leucaena leucacephala | 2 | 600 | |
| 2 | In April, 2012 | Cave-shaped wholely | Leucaena leucacephala | 2 | 600 | |
| 3 | In April, 2012 | Hopper base fish-scale pit | Fructus Toosendan | 2 | 600 | |
| 4 | In April, 2012 | Cave-shaped wholely | Fructus Toosendan | 2 | 600 | |
| 5 | In April, 2012 | Hopper base fish-scale pit | Yunnan Piao | 2 | 600 | |
| 6 | In April, 2012 | Cave-shaped wholely | Yunnan Piao | 2 | 600 | |
| 7 | In April, 2012 | Hopper base fish-scale pit | Hide cypress | 2 | 600 | |
| 8 | In April, 2012 | Cave-shaped wholely | Hide cypress | 2 | 600 |
The different land preparation mode surrival rate of afforestation of table 2 and increment statistical table
Test shows, hopper base fish-scale pit can be greatly improved the surrival rate of afforestation compared to traditional cave-shaped whole ground wholely, but
Two kinds of land preparation modes are inconspicuous on the impact of growth increment.Result of the test is it is also shown that two kinds of land preparation mode costs of labor are basic
Identical.The technology of workman is required higher by hopper base fish-scale pit wholely, but quantities is more cave-shaped wholely little, cave-shaped then phase wholely
Instead, it is a kind of land preparation mode being worthy to be popularized.And, hopper base fish-scale pit land preparation mode is more beneficial for collecting the rain of heavy showers
Water, comes together in limited precipitation the root that plants seedlings, and when can reduce heavy showers, table soil is washed away by rainwash, block or prolong
The formation of slow mud-rock flow.Hopper base fish-scale pit has certain water-holding capacity, plants trees in hole, can soil conservation water conservation fertilizer conservation.
Claims (2)
1. a hopper base fish-scale pit entire technique, it is characterised in that: on steeper deserted mountain is domatic along equal pitch contour from top to bottom
Digging half-moon-shaped hole, arrange in isosceles triangle, the vertical edges (11) of the most half-moon-shaped hole (1) is domatic top, first quarter moon (12) towards deserted mountain
Towards barren hillside basifacial；
One side vertical edges (11) of described half-moon-shaped hole (1), immediately vertical edges (11) is one and a half months (12), half-moon-shaped hole (1)
For the hopper base of big upper and lower small mouth, shape such as fish scale, fish-scale pit at the bottom of steelyard slepsydra bucket.
Hopper base fish-scale pit the most according to claim 1 entire technique, it is characterised in that: advising of half-moon-shaped hole (1) wholely
Lattice are: width suitable for reading × vertical wide × deep=100 cm × 80 cm × 60cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410603294.7A CN104303946B (en) | 2014-11-02 | Hopper base fish-scale pit entire technique |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410603294.7A CN104303946B (en) | 2014-11-02 | Hopper base fish-scale pit entire technique |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104303946A CN104303946A (en) | 2015-01-28 |
| CN104303946B true CN104303946B (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110115188A (en) * | 2019-04-27 | 2019-08-13 | 李志东 | A kind of five resistances afforestation matching method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1820578A (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2006-08-23 | 兰州市南北两山环境绿化工程指挥部 | Method for anti-drought afforestation by collecting water, preserving water and supplementing water |
| CN103141323A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-06-12 | 北京土人景观与建筑规划设计研究院 | Season drought barren slope economic crop planting pit and planting method |
| CN203814303U (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-09-10 | 江苏省城市规划设计研究院 | Artificially-built water forest |
| DE102013105933A1 (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-11 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag | Steep conveyor system for opencast mining |
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1820578A (en) * | 2005-12-31 | 2006-08-23 | 兰州市南北两山环境绿化工程指挥部 | Method for anti-drought afforestation by collecting water, preserving water and supplementing water |
| CN103141323A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-06-12 | 北京土人景观与建筑规划设计研究院 | Season drought barren slope economic crop planting pit and planting method |
| DE102013105933A1 (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2014-12-11 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag | Steep conveyor system for opencast mining |
| CN203814303U (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-09-10 | 江苏省城市规划设计研究院 | Artificially-built water forest |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 宁南黄土丘陵区集流整地造林效果研究;王治霞;《林业科学》;20110905(第21期);第220～222页 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110115188A (en) * | 2019-04-27 | 2019-08-13 | 李志东 | A kind of five resistances afforestation matching method |
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