CN104303825A - Method for cultivating selenium-enriched agrocybe cylindracea - Google Patents
Method for cultivating selenium-enriched agrocybe cylindracea Download PDFInfo
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- CN104303825A CN104303825A CN201410501834.0A CN201410501834A CN104303825A CN 104303825 A CN104303825 A CN 104303825A CN 201410501834 A CN201410501834 A CN 201410501834A CN 104303825 A CN104303825 A CN 104303825A
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- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 241000908270 Agrocybe cylindracea Species 0.000 title abstract 12
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 claims description 125
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 70
- 241000222532 Agrocybe Species 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 38
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 19
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000006468 Thea sinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000045069 Agrocybe aegerita Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008121 Agrocybe aegerita Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000693 bioaccumulation Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000704 bioconcentration Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000003342 selenium Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000019926 Keshan disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014106 fortified food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000008482 osteoarthritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/10—Mycorrhiza; Mycorrhizal associations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating selenium-enriched agrocybe cylindracea. The method comprises the following steps of selecting agrocybe cylindracea bacterial strains which are selenium salt resistant and have high bio-concentration on selenium, and performing selenium salt resistant and selenium enriching domestication on the strains; preparing an agrocybe cylindracea selenium-enriching intensifying culture substrate material, bagging, sterilizing and inoculating the culture substrate material, and culturing agrocybe cylindracea mycelia; after the agrocybe cylindracea mycelia are physiologically mature, transferring agrocybe cylindracea fungi bags into a fruiting room for fruiting management, performing inducement to primordium and agrocybe cylindracea cultivation by adjusting agrocybe cylindracea growth temperature, humidity, ventilation and light conditions, promoting the growth, development and the bio-concentration on the selenium of the agrocybe cylindracea, and finally producing the selenium-enriched agrocybe cylindracea integrating nutritional, medical and health-care effects of the agrocybe cylindracea and good effects of organic selenium. The method is easy and convenient to operate and easy to implement, the selenium enriching effect is obvious, the cultivation material is sufficient, the cost is low, the cultivation area is large, the social and economic benefits are obvious, and the application prospect is wide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bacterium industry field, be specifically related to the method for a kind of selenium enriched tea mushroom cultivation.
Background technology
Agrocybe delicious flavour, nutritious, there is higher edible and medical value.Selenium is one trace element necessary in humans and animals body, to human body, there is much important effect, the shortage of selenium can directly cause Keshan disease and Kaschin-Beck disease, the extensive Problems existing in the soil Que Xishi world, 72% of China's area belongs to scarce selenium and low selenium area, sufficient selenium cannot be obtained in the process of growth of the crops in these areas, thus form the generally scarce selenium state of food chain from soil.Selenium-enriched food of ingesting has become the important means ensureing national health at present.But the toxicity of inorganic selenium is far longer than Organic Selenium, edible mushroom is one of best rich selenium carrier, a large amount of research and practice proves, agrocybe has extremely strong enrichment to selenium, by carrying out selenium nutrition-intensified to it, the a large amount of enrichment in tea plant mushroom fruit body of selenium element can be made to close biological transformation, improve the content of tea plant mushroom fruit body Organic Selenium.
The object of this method is to provide a kind of cultivation method of selenium enriched tea mushroom, produce the selenium enriched tea mushroom integrating agrocybe idiotrophic, medical treatment, health care and Organic Selenium excellent efficacy, there is provided an important channel for human body supplements efficient, safe and reliable Organic Selenium, and produce significant economic benefit and social benefit.
Summary of the invention
Method object provided by the invention is a kind of method providing selenium enriched tea mushroom to cultivate, take agrocybe as carrier, select salt tolerant and the strong cultivated strains of selenium enriching functions, and the salt of resistance to selenium and the domestication of rich selenium are carried out to it, add external source selenium, prepare rich selenium intensified culturing matrix, comprehensive regulation temperature, humidity, ventilation, the agrocybe growth conditionss such as illumination, promote the biological concentration of selenium element in tea plant mushroom fruit body, improve the content of Organic Selenium in agrocybe, produce collection agrocybe idiotrophic, medical treatment, the selenium enriched tea mushroom that health care and Organic Selenium excellent efficacy are integrated, for human body supplements efficient, safety, reliable Organic Selenium provides an important channel.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of method of selenium enriched tea mushroom cultivation, first select the salt of resistance to selenium ability and the domestication of the salt of resistance to selenium and selenium rich ability carried out it to the strong agrocybe aegerita KMFJ-FC of selenium biological concentration, then the rich selenium enriched medium of agrocybe is prepared, medium is packed, sterilizing, inoculation, cultivate agrocybe mycelium, after agrocybe mycelium physiological ripening, agrocybe bacterium bag is moved into mushroom room and carries out management of producing mushroom, pass through regulating and controlling temperature, humidity, the agrocybe growth conditionss such as ventilation and illumination, carry out agrocybe and urge flower bud, educate mushroom, promote agrocybe growing to the enrichment of selenium and fruit body, final production goes out to collect agrocybe idiotrophic, medical treatment, the selenium enriched tea mushroom that health care and Organic Selenium excellent efficacy are integrated.
Its concrete steps are as follows:
1. the salt of resistance to selenium ability and the selenium enriched tea mushroom cultivated strains strong to selenium biological concentration is selected.Jiangxi tea AS-1 is selected to be agrocybe selenium-enriching cultivation bacterial strain, and it is carried out to the domestication of the salt of resistance to selenium and selenium rich ability, during domestication, domestication liquid sodium selenite aqueous solution is added in original seed and cultivated species domestication medium and carry out inoculating and cultivating, original seed and Cultivar culture medium raw material and mass fraction thereof are: wood chip 35%, wheat bran 25%, cotton seed hulls 33%, corn flour 5%, gypsum 1%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, and add water to it and make its water content 60% ~ 65%, in the wild Oryza species that adds water, sodium selenite mass fraction is 0.04%;
2. rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material is prepared.When preparing rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material, adding sodium selenite powder is external source selenium, with natural selenium-rich raw material weed tree sawdust and wheat bran for primary raw material, adds 5% corn flour, improve the content of protein in cultivation base raw material, strengthen agrocybe mycelium to the tolerance of selenium source.Rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material and mass fraction thereof are: wood chip 35%, wheat bran 25%, cotton seed hulls 32%, corn flour 5%, gypsum 1%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, lime 1%, add water to it and make its water content 60% ~ 65%, after adding water, in cultivation base raw material, sodium selenite mass fraction is 0.045 ~ 0.065%;
3. pack, sterilizing.The mixing of the raw material of rich selenium intensified culturing base mixed thoroughly, adjustment moisture content in medium to 60% ~ 65%, adopts 12cm × 24cm size polyethylene normal pressure plastic sack or the packed bag of polypropylene high-pressure plastic.Carry out atmospheric steam sterilizing or high pressure steam sterilization.During atmospheric steam sterilizing, keep 12h ~ 14h when autoclave temperature reaches 98 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, during high pressure steam sterilization, when 121 DEG C ~ 123 DEG C, keep 3h ~ 4h.
4. inoculate, send out bacterium.When pocket temperature after subject to sterilization drops to below 60 DEG C, be transported to by pocket in the transfer room after sterilization or inoculating hood, require to inoculate according to sterile working, every bag cultivating kind connects 30 bags ~ 40 Bag Material bags.Postvaccinal bacterium bag is transported in culturing room to be cultivated, and culturing room's temperature controls at about 22 DEG C, and once, each 30min ~ 40min, keeps indoor air relative humidity 60% ~ 70%, carry out shading cultivation in each ventilation sooner or later.
5. urge flower bud, educate mushroom.Bacterium bag is cultivated 50-60 days, mycelia covers with bacterium bag, the high resilience of bacterium bag, mycelia secretion pigment tells yellow water, during the mycelia band point brown of sack surface, take " four is poor " stimulus method (temperature difference, psychrometric difference, oxygen concentration are poor, illumination is poor) to carry out urging flower bud and educating mushroom, promote the biological concentration of selenium element in tea plant mushroom fruit body.
Concrete grammar is:
After mycelia is covered with bag and starts to tell the yellow globule, sack is stretching, remove the old bacterium block of inoculation, carry out thermal stimulation, reduce the temperature to 14 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C, continuous 5d ~ 7d widens day and night temperature, the temperature difference is made to reach 6 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C, impel a large amount of former base to occur, temperature is brought up to 22 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C to the sporophore growth stage after buddingging, impel agrocybe stem long long thick.Psychrometric difference stimulates, before fruiting, every morning is to space spray water, relative air humidity brings up to 85% ~ 90% by 70%, build mushroom room dry wet alternating environment, in the sporophore growth stage, directly to sack water spray, relative air humidity remains on 90% ~ 95%, impel tea plant mushroom fruit body normal growth, before gathering, 1d stops water spray.Oxygen concentration difference stimulate, after opening bag, every day ventilates 3 times, early, middle and late each 1 time, each 30min ~ 40min, fruit body grow to five points ripe time, ventilate every day 1 time, ventilation time 20min.Illumination difference stimulates, and after mycelium physiological ripening, intensity of illumination is increased to 500Lex ~ 800 Lex, light stimulation 5d ~ 7d, until former base is formed and buddings.In the sporophore growth later stage, intensity of illumination is reduced to 200Lex ~ 500Lex, impels stem to bleach and cap dark brown, improve agrocybe commodity value.
6. gather.Pluck when agrocybe grows to 7-8 point of maturation, pluck 4 batches ~ 5 batches mushrooms according to above-mentioned management of producing mushroom method.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention is:
1. filter out the salt of resistance to selenium and be cultivated strains to selenium bioaccumulation ability strong Jiangxi tea AS-1, and the salt of resistance to selenium and the domestication of rich selenium are carried out to it, improve the cultivated strains salt of resistance to selenium ability and to selenium bioconcentration, concentration effect is remarkable;
2. adding commercially available sodium selenite powder is external source selenium, with natural selenium-rich raw material weedtree wood chip and wheat bran for selenium source carrier, improve weedtree wood chip and the wheat bran content at culture medium for cultivating, improve the content of protein in culture medium for cultivating, improve agrocybe mycelia to selenium source tolerance, prepare rich selenium intensified culturing matrix, raw material are extensive, with low cost;
3. urging flower bud and educating the mushroom phase, " four is poor " stimulus method (temperature difference, psychrometric difference, oxygen concentration are poor, illumination is poor) is taked to carry out urging flower bud and educating mushroom, promote that tea plant mushroom fruit body grows and the biological concentration of selenium element in tea plant mushroom fruit body, easy and simple to handle, easy to implement and popularization;
4. method provided by the invention not only can improve agrocybe output, agrocybe Organic Selenium, polysaccharide and ascorbic content can also be improved, an important channel is provided for human body supplements efficient, safe and reliable organic selenium source, significantly, popularizing application prospect is wide for economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
Example 1
1. the salt of resistance to selenium is selected and to the extremely strong agrocybe cultivated strains of selenium biological concentration, prioritizing selection high yield, the high-quality simultaneously salt of resistance to selenium and be agrocybe selenium-enriching cultivation bacterial strain to the Jiangxi tea AS-1 that selenium biological concentration is extremely strong, the salt of resistance to selenium domestication is carried out to it, during domestication, domestication liquid sodium selenite aqueous solution is added in original seed and Cultivar culture medium and carry out inoculating and cultivating, preferably this domestication liquid sodium selenite aqueous solution concentration is 5 μ g/ml, original seed and cultivated species tame culture medium raw material and mass fraction is: wood chip 35%, cotton seed hulls 33%, wheat bran 25%, corn flour 5%, gypsum 1%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, add water to this domestication culture medium raw material, make its water content 60% ~ 65%, the sodium selenite mass fraction in wild Oryza species that adds water is 0.04%.
2. rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material is prepared, adding sodium selenite powder when preparing rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material is external source selenium, with natural selenium-rich raw material weed tree sawdust and wheat bran for primary raw material, add 5% corn flour, improve the content of protein in cultivation base raw material, strengthen agrocybe mycelium to the tolerance of selenium source.Wherein sodium selenite powder concentration is preferably 45mg/kg ~ 65mg/kg, is more preferably 45mg/kg.Make rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material and mass fraction is: wood chip 35%, cotton seed hulls 32%, wheat bran 25%, corn flour 5%, gypsum 1%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, lime 1%, add water to this rich selenium intensified culturing culture medium raw material, make its water content 60% ~ 65%, preferably 60%, after adding water, in cultivation base raw material, sodium selenite mass fraction is 0.045 ~ 0.065%, preferably 0.045%.
3. pack, sterilizing.The mixing of the raw material of rich selenium intensified culturing base is mixed thoroughly, adjustment cultivation base water content to 60%, adopt the pack of 12cm × 24cm size polyethylene normal pressure plastic sack.Carry out atmospheric steam sterilizing or high pressure steam sterilization, during normal-pressure sterilization, when autoclave temperature reaches 98 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, keep 12h.3h ~ 4h is kept when 121 DEG C ~ 123 DEG C during autoclaving.
4. inoculate, send out bacterium.When pocket temperature after subject to sterilization drops to below 60 DEG C, be transported to by pocket in the transfer room after sterilization, require to inoculate according to sterile working, every bag cultivating kind connects 30 Bag Material bags.Postvaccinal bacterium bag is transported in culturing room to be cultivated, and culturing room's temperature controls at 22 DEG C, and once, each 30min ~ 40min, keeps indoor air relative humidity 60% ~ 70%, carry out shading cultivation in each ventilation sooner or later.
5. urge flower bud, educate mushroom.Bacterium bag is cultivated 50-60 days, and mycelia covers with bacterium bag, the high resilience of bacterium bag, and mycelia secretion pigment tells yellow water, and sack surface mycelia band point brown, now moves into mushroom room by agrocybe bacterium bag and carry out management of producing mushroom.Urge flower bud and educate the mushroom phase take " four is poor " stimulation (temperature difference, psychrometric difference, oxygen concentration is poor, illumination is poor) carry out urging flower bud and educating mushroom, promote the biological concentration of selenium element in tea plant mushroom fruit body, improve the content of tea plant mushroom fruit body Organic Selenium, concrete grammar is: tell yellow water at mycelia secretion pigment, during the mycelia band point brown of sack surface, sack is stretching, remove the old bacterium block of inoculation, carry out thermal stimulation, reduce the temperature to 14 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C, continuous 5d ~ 7d, preferred 6d widens the temperature difference, the temperature difference is made to reach 6 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C, preferably 6 DEG C, a large amount of former base is impelled to occur, budding to the sporophore growth stage and return to 22 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C, preferably 24 DEG C, impel agrocybe stem long long thick.Carry out psychrometric difference stimulation, before fruiting, every morning, relative air humidity was increased to 85% ~ 90% by 70%, is preferably increased to 85% to space spray water, cause mushroom room dry wet alternating environment, in the sporophore growth stage, directly to sack water spray, relative air humidity remains on 90% ~ 95%, preferably 90%, impel tea plant mushroom fruit body normal growth.Before gathering, 1d stops water spray.Oxygen concentration difference stimulate, after opening bag, every day ventilates 3 times, early, middle and late each 1 time, each 30min ~ 40min, preferred 30min, fruit body grow to five points ripe time, reduce ventilate, ventilate every day 1 time, ventilation time 20min.Illumination difference stimulates, after mycelium physiological ripening, intensity of illumination is increased to 500Lex ~ 800 Lex, preferred 500Lex, carry out light stimulation 5d ~ 7d, preferred 5d, until former base is formed and mushroom flower bud is formed, in the sporophore growth later stage, illumination is reduced to 200Lex ~ 500Lex, preferred 250Lex, impels stem to bleach and cap dark brown, improves agrocybe commodity value.
6. gather.Pluck when agrocybe grows to 7 ~ 8 points of maturations, to gather 4 batches ~ 5 batches agrocybes according to above-mentioned management of producing mushroom.
So namely produce the selenium enriched tea mushroom integrating idiotrophic, medical treatment, health care and Organic Selenium excellent efficacy.
Example 2
1. the salt of resistance to selenium is selected and to the extremely strong agrocybe aegerita KMFJ-FC of selenium biological concentration.Prioritizing selection Jiangxi tea AS-1 is agrocybe selenium-enriching cultivation bacterial strain, the salt of resistance to selenium domestication is carried out to it, domestication liquid sodium selenite aqueous solution is added in original seed and Cultivar culture medium and carry out inoculating and taming cultivation, original seed and Cultivar culture medium raw material and mass fraction thereof are: wood chip 35%, cotton seed hulls 33%, wheat bran 25%, corn flour 5%, gypsum 1%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, afterwards domestication culture medium raw material is added water, make its water content 60% ~ 65%, in the wild Oryza species that adds water, sodium selenite mass fraction is 0.04%.
2. rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material is prepared.When preparing rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material, adding sodium selenite powder is external source selenium, with natural selenium-rich raw material weed tree sawdust and wheat bran for primary raw material, adds 5% corn flour, improves the content of protein in cultivation base raw material, strengthen agrocybe mycelium to the tolerance of selenium source.Make rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material and mass fraction is: wood chip 35%, cotton seed hulls 32%, wheat bran 25%, corn flour 5%, gypsum 1%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, lime 1%, afterwards rich selenium intensified culturing culture medium raw material is added water, make cultivation base feed moisture content 65%, after adding water, in cultivation base raw material, sodium selenite mass fraction is 0.045 ~ 0.065%, preferably 0.065%.
3. pack, sterilizing.The mixing of the raw material of rich selenium intensified culturing base mixed thoroughly, adjustment moisture content in medium to 65%, adopts the packed bag of 12cm × 24cm grade polypropylene high-pressure plastic.Carry out high pressure steam sterilization, during sterilizing, when 121 DEG C ~ 123 DEG C, keep 4h.
4. inoculate, send out bacterium.When pocket temperature after subject to sterilization drops to below 60 DEG C, be transported to by pocket in the inoculating hood after sterilization, require to inoculate according to sterile working, every bag cultivating kind inoculates 40 Bag Material bags.Postvaccinal bacterium bag is transported in culturing room to be cultivated, and culturing room's temperature controls at 24 DEG C, and each ventilation sooner or later is once ventilated, each 40min, keeps indoor air relative humidity 70%, carries out shading cultivation.
5. urge flower bud, educate mushroom.Bacterium bag cultivates 60 days, and mycelia covers with bacterium bag, the high resilience of bacterium bag, and mycelia secretion pigment tells the yellow globule, sack surface mycelia band point brown.Urge flower bud and educate the mushroom phase take " four is poor " stimulation (temperature difference, psychrometric difference, oxygen concentration is poor, illumination is poor) carry out urging flower bud and educating mushroom, promote the biological concentration of selenium element in tea plant mushroom fruit body, improve the content of tea plant mushroom fruit body Organic Selenium, concrete grammar is: tell yellow water at mycelia secretion pigment, during the mycelia band point brown of sack surface, sack is stretching, remove the old bacterium block of inoculation, carry out thermal stimulation, reduce the temperature to 14 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C, continuous 7d widens the temperature difference, the temperature difference is made to reach 8 DEG C, a large amount of former base is impelled to occur, budding to the sporophore growth stage and bring up to 26 DEG C, impel agrocybe stem long long thick.Carry out psychrometric difference stimulation, before fruiting, every morning is to space spray water, relative air humidity is increased to 90% by 70%, mushroom room is built into dry wet alternating environment, in the later stage in sporophore growth stage, sprays water directly to sack, relative air humidity remains on 92% ~ 94%, impels tea plant mushroom fruit body normal growth.Before gathering, 1d stops water spray.Oxygen concentration difference stimulate, after opening bag, every day ventilates 3 times, early, middle and late each 1 time, each 40min, fruit body grow to five points ripe time, reduce ventilate, ventilate every day 1 time, ventilation time 20min.Illumination difference stimulates, and after mycelium physiological ripening, intensity of illumination is increased to 800 Lex, carries out light stimulation 5d, until former base is formed and buddings, in the sporophore growth later stage, illumination is reduced to 400Lex, impels stem to bleach and cap dark brown, improve agrocybe commodity value.
6. gather.Pluck when agrocybe grows to 7-8 point of maturation, 4 batches ~ 5 batches mushrooms can be gone out according to above-mentioned management of producing mushroom.
Method of the present invention, in the mode of production, take solid fermentation pure culture planting type, carry out the rich selenium of agrocybe to cultivate, " four is poor " stimulus method (temperature difference, psychrometric difference, oxygen concentration are poor, illumination is poor) is taked to carry out urging flower bud and educate mushroom urging flower bud and educate the mushroom phase, promote the biological concentration of selenium element in tea plant mushroom fruit body, improve the content of tea plant mushroom fruit body Organic Selenium.This method not only can improve Organic Selenium in agrocybe, polysaccharide and ascorbic content, agrocybe output can also be improved, agrocybe selenium content is up to 225.80mg/kg, agrocybe biological transformation ratio reaches 100 ~ 110%, provides an important channel for human body supplements efficient, safe and reliable Organic Selenium.Meanwhile, the method is easy and simple to handle, easy to implement, Enriching Selenium Be very effective, and culturing raw material is sufficient, with low cost, and area under cultivation is extensive, and social and economic benefits is remarkable, has a extensive future.
Describe several embodiment of the present invention and advantage thereof by means of example above, describe comparatively concrete and detailed, it should be noted that and do not think that description forms limiting the scope of the invention above.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, when not departing from the present invention's design, multiple changes and improvements can be made to above-mentioned embodiment, thinking that this changes and improvements all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is only defined by the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. a method for selenium enriched tea mushroom cultivation, is characterized in that being realized by following steps: first select the salt of resistance to selenium and to the extremely strong agrocybe aegerita KMFJ-FC of selenium biological concentration, and carries out the salt of resistance to selenium domestication to it; Then prepare agrocybe rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material, by the pack of cultivation base raw material, sterilizing, inoculation, cultivate agrocybe mycelium; After agrocybe mycelium physiological ripening, agrocybe bacterium bag is moved into mushroom room and carries out management of producing mushroom, undertaken urging flower bud and educating mushroom by regulation and control agrocybe growth temperature, humidity, ventilation and illumination condition, promote growing and biological concentration to selenium of agrocybe, final production goes out to integrate the selenium enriched tea mushroom of agrocybe idiotrophic, medical treatment, health care and Organic Selenium excellent efficacy.
2. the method for a kind of selenium enriched tea mushroom cultivation according to claim 1, wherein, select the salt of resistance to selenium and the cultivated strains Jiangxi tea AS-1 strong to selenium bioaccumulation ability, and the salt of resistance to selenium domestication is carried out to it, when taming, domestication liquid sodium selenite aqueous solution is added in original seed and cultivated species domestication medium and carry out inoculating and cultivating, original seed and cultivated species tame culture medium raw material and mass fraction is: wood chip 35%, cotton seed hulls 33%, wheat bran 25%, corn flour 5%, gypsum 1%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, add water to it and make its water content 60% ~ 65%, the sodium selenite mass fraction in wild Oryza species that adds water is 0.04%.
3. the method for a kind of selenium enriched tea mushroom cultivation according to claim 1, when preparing rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material, adding sodium selenite powder is external source selenium, with natural selenium-rich raw material weed tree sawdust and wheat bran for primary raw material, add 5% corn flour, improve the content of protein in cultivation base raw material, strengthen agrocybe mycelium to the tolerance of selenium source, wherein rich selenium intensified culturing based raw material and mass fraction thereof are: wood chip 35%, wheat bran 25%, cotton seed hulls 32%, corn flour 5%, gypsum 1%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, lime 1%, add water to it and make its water content 60% ~ 65%, after adding water, in cultivation base raw material, sodium selenite mass fraction is 0.045 ~ 0.065%,
The method of a kind of selenium enriched tea mushroom cultivation according to claim 1, take " four is poor " to stimulate to carry out urging flower bud and educate mushroom urging flower bud and educate the mushroom phase, promote the biological concentration of selenium element in tea plant mushroom fruit body, improve the content of tea plant mushroom fruit body Organic Selenium, this four difference is for temperature difference, psychrometric difference, oxygen concentration is poor, illumination is poor, and concrete management of producing mushroom method is:
After mycelia is covered with bag and starts to tell the yellow globule, sack is stretching, remove the old bacterium block of inoculation, carry out thermal stimulation, reduce the temperature to 14 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C, continuous 5d ~ 7d widens day and night temperature, the temperature difference is made to reach 6 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C, impel a large amount of former base to occur, temperature is brought up to 22 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C to the sporophore growth stage after buddingging, impel agrocybe stem long long thick; Psychrometric difference stimulates, before fruiting, every morning is to space spray water, relative air humidity brings up to 85% ~ 90% by 70%, build mushroom room dry wet alternating environment, in the sporophore growth stage, directly to sack water spray, relative air humidity remains on 90% ~ 95%, impel tea plant mushroom fruit body normal growth, before gathering, 1d stops water spray; Oxygen concentration difference stimulate, after opening bag, every day ventilates 3 times, early, middle and late each 1 time, each 30min ~ 40min, fruit body grow to five points ripe time, ventilate every day 1 time, ventilation time 20min; Illumination difference stimulates, after mycelium physiological ripening, intensity of illumination is increased to 500Lex ~ 800 Lex, light stimulation 5d ~ 7d, until former base is formed and mushroom flower bud is formed, in the sporophore growth later stage, intensity of illumination is reduced to 200Lex ~ 500Lex, impel stem to bleach and cap dark brown, improve agrocybe commodity value;
Pluck when agrocybe grows to 7-8 point of maturation, 4 batches ~ 5 batches mushrooms can be gone out according to above-mentioned management of producing mushroom.
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Denomination of invention: A method for cultivating selenium rich tea tree mushroom Effective date of registration: 20231211 Granted publication date: 20160601 Pledgee: Jiangxi Guangchang Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Guangchang Zhenglian Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980070822 |