CN104296554B - Condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems - Google Patents

Condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems Download PDF

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CN104296554B
CN104296554B CN201410531840.0A CN201410531840A CN104296554B CN 104296554 B CN104296554 B CN 104296554B CN 201410531840 A CN201410531840 A CN 201410531840A CN 104296554 B CN104296554 B CN 104296554B
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water
condenser
vacuum pump
ring vacuum
steam chest
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CN104296554A (en
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张邵波
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems, comprise water ring vacuum pump group, gas-liquid separator and store solidifying water supply tank or the sweet-water tank of de-mineralized water, the inlet mouth of water ring vacuum pump group is connected with the air outlet port of condenser steam chest, air outlet is connected with the input terminus of gas-liquid separator, the liquid output terminal of gas-liquid separator is connected with the fluid inlet of water ring vacuum pump group, the output terminal of solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank also fluid inlet with water ring vacuum pump group be connected, also comprise the ratio of the liquid work output and solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank work output for regulating gas-liquid separator and then working fluid is adjusted to the first variable valve of best water ring vacuum pump group working temperature, the liquid output terminal of gas-liquid separator is connected with the hot well of condenser steam chest. condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems structure provided by the invention is simple, improvement cost is low, maintenance workload is little, can maintain condenser under optimum design pressure runs.

Description

Condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems.
Background technology
The associated working that stable vacuum needs condenser and water ring vacuum pump is formed in condenser. Generally it can be thought that, condenser vacuum sets up by condenser, and water ring vacuum pump is bled and maintained. A large amount of steam condenses by circulating water in condenser, and specific volume reduces, volume-diminished, and the space pressure being originally full of by steam reduces and forms certain vacuum; During due to vapor condenses, will constantly discharging non coagulation gas, the external world, also constantly to vacuum system leaking-in air, so to be relied on water ring vacuum pump constantly to be extracted out by these non coagulation gases, could keep the negative pressure value in condenser. In condenser, the foundation of pressure is a homeostasis process, and regardless of the height of circulating water temperature, the swabbing pressure of aspirator lower than the pressure of condenser, must could be taken the incondensable gas in condenser away. Therefore the pressure of condenser is in fact by the restriction of two bottlenecks, and one is circulating water temperature; Two is the swabbing pressure of aspirator.
Water ring vacuum pump suction temperatures:
HEI " STANDARDSFORSTEAMSURFACECONDENSERS " 10th6.3 designs regulation in suction temperature: the vapour gas mixture temperature that namely design suction temperature aspirates should be the corresponding saturated-steam temperature t of extraction equipment design pressurevsSubtract 0.25 (ts-tw1) or 4.16 DEG C in higher value, in formula: tsFor the temperature of saturation that condenser pressure is corresponding, tw1For condenser cooling water temperature in. For domestic power station unit, the condensate depression between the temperature of saturation that extraction equipment design suction temperature is corresponding with condenser pressure gets 4.2 DEG C usually.
Power station unit is cooled for once-through cycle, condenser recirculated water temperature rise is usually at 7��8 DEG C, end difference is at 3��4 DEG C, therefore, the difference of Water-ring vacuum pump fluid temperature and condenser circulating water temperature should control within 7 DEG C, and namely water ring vacuum pump interchanger cooling water temperature rise and interchanger end difference sum are less than 7 DEG C.
For recirculation circulating cooling power station unit, condenser recirculated water temperature rise is usually at 8��10 DEG C, end difference is at 3��4 DEG C, therefore, the difference of Water-ring vacuum pump fluid temperature and condenser circulating water temperature should control within 8 DEG C, and namely water ring vacuum pump interchanger cooling water temperature rise and interchanger end difference sum are less than 8 DEG C.
Traditional condenser steam chest pumped vacuum systems comprises the water ring vacuum pump pump housing, motor, heat exchanger, steam separator and valve pipe etc., and system flowchart is as shown in Figure 1.
The gas aspirated by condenser enters vacuum pump through gas suction port, Pneumatic butterfly valve, and this pump is driven by shaft coupling by electric motor. Enter steam separator by vacuum pump expellant gas through pipeline, the gas after separation through vacuum breaker from gas discharge outlet discharged to air. The water separated with together with the make up water of the water level regulator condensed water of condenser (make up water be generally), enter condenser. Operating water after cooling, a road sprays into vacuum pump import through nozzle, makes by the most of steam coagulation in the vapour in suction vacuum pump, gas mixture body, to improve the suction capactity of vacuum pump; Another road directly enters the pump housing, the temperature of the water ring of holding vacuum pump and reduction water ring. Water cooler water coolant generally can directly take from condenser cooling water water inlet, water cooler water outlet access condenser cooling water water outlet.
Tradition condenser steam chest pumped vacuum systems has following shortcoming: 1, Water-ring vacuum pump fluid adopts condensed water to be make up water, and the usual temperature of saturation corresponding with condenser pressure of condensed water is equal, and water temperature is relatively high. 2, in water ring vacuum pump group, there are the factors such as fouling, plugging, side leakage due to long-time running in interchanger, it is difficult to reach design exchange capability of heat, and water ring working fluid to be undertaken the latent heat of water vapour release in part vapour gas mixture, cause working fluid water temperature even higher than the temperature of saturation that condenser pressure is corresponding, produce vacuum pump to exert oneself the phenomenon of " deficiency ", the simultaneously generation of generation water ring vacuum pump cavitation of blade. 3, when unit load reduces, if condenser quantity of circulating water is constant, then recirculated water temperature rise decreases; If condenser quantity of circulating water reduces, then Water-ring vacuum pump fluid water coolant also reduces thereupon. Therefore, existing water ring vacuum system just is difficult to meet the requirement of water ring vacuum pump design suction temperature more, and the same water ring vacuum pump that produces is exerted oneself the phenomenon of " deficiency " and cavitation of blade phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide the condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems that a kind of structure is simple, improvement cost is low, maintenance workload is little, can maintain condenser runs under optimum design pressure, and the concrete scheme of the present invention is as follows for achieving the above object:
A kind of condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems, comprises water ring vacuum pump group, gas-liquid separator and stores solidifying water supply tank or the sweet-water tank of de-mineralized water;
The inlet mouth of described water ring vacuum pump group is connected with the air outlet port of condenser steam chest, air outlet is connected with the input terminus of described gas-liquid separator, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator is connected with the fluid inlet of described water ring vacuum pump group, the output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank also fluid inlet with described water ring vacuum pump group be connected, also comprise for regulating the ratio of the water of condensation work output of described gas-liquid separator and described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank work output and then working fluid is adjusted to the first variable valve of best water ring vacuum pump group working temperature, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator is connected with the hot well of condenser steam chest,
Also comprise working fluid storage tank, the output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank is connected with described working fluid storage tank by described first variable valve, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator is connected with described working fluid storage tank by the 4th variable valve, and the output terminal of described working fluid storage tank is connected to the fluid inlet of described water ring vacuum pump group;
The output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank is also with for being connected the spray desuperheating device that the inlet mouth of described water ring vacuum pump group is lowered the temperature;
The liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator is also connected with the input terminus of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank.
Preferably, the condenser of described condenser steam chest is single back pressure condenser or multipressure condenser.
Preferably, described condenser is that each housing establishes separately air outlet port or the female control in parallel of all condenser housings to set up condenser pumped vacuum systems.
Preferably, described water ring vacuum pump group comprises one or more than one water ring vacuum pump.
Preferably, described first variable valve is motor-driven control valve or pneumatic adjusting valve.
Preferably, the liquid outlet of described water ring vacuum pump is also connected with condenser hotwell.
Condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems provided by the invention takes full advantage of from the lower characteristic of the de-mineralized water temperature of DW system demineralized water system (or solidifying water supply tank), it is as Water-ring vacuum pump work water, not only reduce the temperature of Water-ring vacuum pump fluid, and avoid the vacuum pump produced due to cavitation and exert oneself the phenomenon of " deficiency ", thus ensure that condenser runs under optimum pressure.
After the condensed water of condensation of vapour gas mixture of de-mineralized water and water ring vacuum pump suction is mixed in proportion by variable valve, then as Water-ring vacuum pump fluid, its temperature can reach water ring vacuum pump best effort water temperature, the too high generation cavitation of temperature can be avoided, also can avoid the too low phenomenon causing vacuum pump wasted work to increase of working fluid temperature simultaneously, energy-saving and cost-reducing meaning is huge.
De-mineralized water absorbs through vacuum pump and enters condenser hotwell after the own temperature that the latent heat of water vapour in gas-liquid mixture improves, thus improves condenser water replenishing temperature, reduces therrmodynamic system power loss. Meanwhile, the water vapour extracted out by condenser can all return condenser after condensation, effectively reduces therrmodynamic system water loss.
The present invention eliminates the interchanger in water ring vacuum pump group compared with traditional scheme, saves investment of equipment, reduces maintenance of the equipment workload.
The useful effect that technical solution of the present invention is brought:
All there is the problem of Water-ring vacuum pump cavitation in domestic condensing-type generating set, within usual 2��3 years, water-ring pump impeller will be changed, replacing materials cost and labour cost are at about 100,000 yuan every time, according to every platform unit two vacuum pump meters, can save vacuum pump impeller replacement cost about 100,000 yuan every year.
All there is the problem owing to water ring vacuum pump undercapacity causes not concretive gas not extract out in time in domestic power plant, condenser pressure is affected at 0.3��1.2kPa, according on average back pressure impact being counted at 0.6kPa, according to 1kPa back pressure on coal consumption impact for 2g/kWh calculates, for 600MW unit, year gas-to electricity hours be 5500 hours, then can save mark 3960 tons/year, coal, according to mark coal price 800 yuan/ton meter, 316.8 ten thousand yuan can be saved year.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the part of the application, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is tradition condensing-type generating set condenser pumped vacuum systems schema;
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the present invention 1 takes out solidifying (heat supply) unit condenser pumped vacuum systems schema;
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention 2 pure condensate unit condenser pumped vacuum systems schema;
Fig. 4 is the embodiment of the present invention 3 condenser pumped vacuum systems schema.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention being described in detail, illustrative examples and explanation in this present invention are used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
The present invention designs mainly for condensing-type generating set condenser vapour side pumped vacuum systems, and its principal feature adopts power plant's de-mineralized water replace or supplement vacuum pump working fluid water, reaches the object reducing working fluid temperature. Cooling unit for once-through cycle, its water temperature and condenser cooling water temperature are basically identical, cool unit for recirculation, and its water temperature will far below condenser cooling water water temperature.
Embodiment 1
For taking out solidifying (heat supply) unit: its pumped vacuum systems schema as shown in Figure 2: a kind of condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems, comprises water ring vacuum pump group 1, gas-liquid separator 2 and stores solidifying water supply tank or the sweet-water tank 3 of de-mineralized water, the inlet mouth of described water ring vacuum pump group 1 is connected with the air outlet port of condensing-type condenser of power station 100 steam chest, air outlet is connected with the input terminus of described gas-liquid separator 2, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator 2 fluid inlet with described water ring vacuum pump group 1 after interchanger 4 heat exchange is connected, not concretive gas after separation is discharged via venting port, the output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank 3 is connected with the fluid inlet of described water ring vacuum pump group 1, also comprise the first variable valve 10 of the ratio for the water of condensation work output and described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank 3 work output regulating described gas-liquid separator 2, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator 2 is connected with the hot well of condensing-type condenser of power station 100 steam chest. the feature taking out solidifying (heat supply) unit is that to enter the thermal load of condenser 100 much smaller compared with pure condensate unit, and therefore, it runs back pressure also can be slightly low, and recirculated water temperature rise also can relatively pure condensate unit be low. in addition, major part takes out solidifying (heat supply) unit due to relatively big for thermal radius, and its heat supply backwater ratio is very little is even zero, and therefore, unit make-up water percentage is higher. according to above feature, take out solidifying (heat supply) unit water ring working fluid main source and come from DW system demineralized water system working fluid, control working fluid and the former working fluid ratio of gas-liquid separator 2 by the first variable valve 10, reach and be suitable under condenser 100 current pressure water ring vacuum pump best effort water temperature. from the working fluid of DW system demineralized water system, also directly can subtract temperature water as vacuum pump inlet, reduce entrance vapour gas mixture specific volume, increase exerting oneself of water-ring pump. unnecessary working fluid can directly enter the hot well of condenser 100 as the supplementary water of unit, and in addition, the liquid outlet of water ring vacuum pump is also connected with the hot well of condenser 100, and unnecessary working fluid can directly enter the hot well of condenser 100 as the supplementary water of unit.
Embodiment 2
For pure condensate unit: its pumped vacuum systems schema as shown in Figure 3: a kind of condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems, comprises water ring vacuum pump group 1, gas-liquid separator 2 and stores solidifying water supply tank or the sweet-water tank 3 of de-mineralized water, the inlet mouth of described water ring vacuum pump group 1 is connected with the air outlet port of condensing-type condenser of power station 100 steam chest, air outlet is connected with the input terminus of described gas-liquid separator 2, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator 2 fluid inlet with described water ring vacuum pump group 1 after interchanger 4 heat exchange is connected, the output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank 3 is connected with the fluid inlet of described water ring vacuum pump group 1, also comprise the first variable valve 10 of the ratio for the water of condensation work output and described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank 3 work output regulating described gas-liquid separator 2, described in the present embodiment, the output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank 3 is located at by the first variable valve 10, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator 2 is connected with the hot well of condensing-type condenser of power station 100 steam chest. the output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank 3 is also with for being connected by the spray desuperheating device that the inlet mouth of described water ring vacuum pump group 1 is lowered the temperature, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator 2 is also connected with the input terminus of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank 3 by the 2nd variable valve 11. water ring working fluid main source is two-way: a road is the working fluid that tradition water ring vacuum pump is stored in gas-liquid separator 2, and its cold source is open type water coolant, another road is the working fluid directly coming from DW system demineralized water system, when unit runs at full capacity, two-way working fluid mixes after interchanger 4, controls two path water ratio by the first variable valve 10, reaches and is suitable under condenser 100 current pressure water ring vacuum pump best effort water temperature. from the low-temperature working liquid of DW system demineralized water system, also directly can subtract temperature water as vacuum pump inlet, reduce entrance vapour gas mixture specific volume, increase exerting oneself of water-ring pump. after gas-liquid separator 2, unnecessary working fluid enters the hot well of condenser 100 by the 3rd variable valve 12 or other pipeline, as unit moisturizing, in addition, the liquid outlet of water ring vacuum pump is also connected with the hot well of condenser 100, and unnecessary working fluid can directly enter the hot well of condenser 100 as the supplementary water of unit. when generating set part load operation, unit make-up water percentage declines, and so much remaining working fluid can partly enter condenser 100 as moisturizing, and another road regulates by gate valve 3 and returns DW system demineralized water system or solidifying water supply tank. thus reach water saving object.
Embodiment 3
Part as above-described embodiment scheme is improved: its pumped vacuum systems schema as shown in Figure 4: a kind of condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems, comprises water ring vacuum pump group 1, gas-liquid separator 2, working fluid storage tank 5 and stores solidifying water supply tank or the sweet-water tank 3 of de-mineralized water; the inlet mouth of described water ring vacuum pump group 1 is connected with the air outlet port of condensing-type condenser of power station 100 steam chest, air outlet is connected with the input terminus of described gas-liquid separator 2, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator 2 is connected with described working fluid storage tank 5 through the 4th variable valve 13, and the output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank 3 is connected with this working fluid storage tank 5 by the first variable valve 10, the output terminal of working fluid storage tank 5 is then connected to the fluid inlet of described water ring vacuum pump group 1, gas-liquid separator 2 be separated after condensed water wherein a road be mixed in proportion in the working fluid of working fluid storage tank as water ring vacuum pump from the de-mineralized water of solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank 3, de-mineralized water and the condensed water of condensation of vapour gas mixture be mixed in proportion by variable valve after working fluid, its temperature can reach water ring vacuum pump best effort water temperature, the too high generation cavitation of temperature can be avoided, also can avoid the too low phenomenon causing vacuum pump wasted work to increase of working fluid temperature simultaneously, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator 2 is connected with the hot well of condensing-type condenser of power station 100 by also the 5th variable valve 14. the output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank 3 is also with for being connected by the spray desuperheating device that the inlet mouth of described water ring vacuum pump group 1 is lowered the temperature, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator 2 is also connected with the input terminus of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank 3 by the 2nd variable valve 11. water ring working fluid main source is two-way: a road is the working fluid that tradition water ring vacuum pump is stored in gas-liquid separator 2, and its cold source is open type water coolant, another road is the working fluid directly coming from DW system demineralized water system, when unit runs at full capacity, two-way working fluid mixes at working fluid storage tank 5, controls two path water ratio by the first variable valve 10 and the 4th variable valve 13, reaches and is suitable under condenser 100 current pressure water ring vacuum pump best effort water temperature. from the working fluid of DW system demineralized water system, also directly can subtract temperature water as vacuum pump inlet, reduce entrance vapour gas mixture specific volume, increase exerting oneself of water-ring pump. after gas-liquid separator 2, unnecessary working fluid enters the hot well of condenser 100 by the 5th variable valve 14 or other pipeline, as unit moisturizing, in addition, the liquid outlet of water ring vacuum pump is also connected with the hot well of condenser 100, and unnecessary working fluid can directly enter the hot well of condenser 100 as the supplementary water of unit. when generating set part load operation, unit make-up water percentage declines, and so much remaining working fluid can partly enter condenser 100 as moisturizing, and another road regulates by the 2nd variable valve 11 and returns DW system demineralized water system or solidifying water supply tank. thus reach water saving object.
In above-described embodiment scheme, the condenser 100 of described condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest is single back pressure condenser or multipressure condenser.
In above-described embodiment scheme, described condenser 100 is that each housing establishes separately air outlet port or the female control in parallel of all condensers 100 housing to set up condenser pumped vacuum systems.
In above-described embodiment scheme, described water ring vacuum pump group 1 comprises one or more than one water ring vacuum pump.
As the preferred version of above-described embodiment scheme, described first variable valve 10 is motor-driven control valve or pneumatic adjusting valve.
To sum up, no matter being pure condensate generating set and take out solidifying (heat supply) unit, adopt the present invention program, its Water-ring vacuum pump fluid water temperature temperature of saturation temperature difference corresponding with condenser 100 pressure is at least more than 10 DEG C, therefore, can effectively avoid the phenomenon of water ring vacuum pump generation cavitation. Meanwhile, by the adjustment to Water-ring vacuum pump fluid best effort water temperature, vacuum pump can be made to operate in optimal working point, effectively reduce vacuum pump service rating.
The technical scheme embodiment of the present invention provided above is described in detail, applying specific case herein the principle of the embodiment of the present invention and enforcement mode to have been set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is only applicable to help the principle understanding the embodiment of the present invention; Meanwhile, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the embodiment of the present invention, all will change in embodiment and range of application, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems, it is characterised in that:
Comprise water ring vacuum pump group, gas-liquid separator and store solidifying water supply tank or the sweet-water tank of de-mineralized water;
The inlet mouth of described water ring vacuum pump group is connected with the air outlet port of condenser steam chest, air outlet is connected with the input terminus of described gas-liquid separator, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator is connected with the fluid inlet of described water ring vacuum pump group, the output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank also fluid inlet with described water ring vacuum pump group be connected, also comprise for regulating the ratio of the water of condensation work output of described gas-liquid separator and described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank work output and then working fluid is adjusted to the first variable valve of best water ring vacuum pump group working temperature, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator is connected with the hot well of condenser steam chest,
Also comprise working fluid storage tank, the output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank is connected with described working fluid storage tank by described first variable valve, the liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator is connected with described working fluid storage tank by the 4th variable valve, and the output terminal of described working fluid storage tank is connected to the fluid inlet of described water ring vacuum pump group;
The output terminal of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank is also with for being connected the spray desuperheating device that the inlet mouth of described water ring vacuum pump group is lowered the temperature;
The liquid output terminal of described gas-liquid separator is also connected with the input terminus of described solidifying water supply tank or sweet-water tank.
2. condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The condenser of described condenser steam chest is single back pressure condenser or multipressure condenser.
3. condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described condenser is that each housing establishes separately air outlet port or the female control in parallel of all condenser housings to set up condenser pumped vacuum systems.
4. condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described water ring vacuum pump group comprises one or more than one water ring vacuum pump.
5. condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described first variable valve is motor-driven control valve or pneumatic adjusting valve.
6. condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The liquid outlet of described water ring vacuum pump is also connected with condenser hotwell.
CN201410531840.0A 2014-10-10 2014-10-10 Condensing-type condenser of power station steam chest pumped vacuum systems Expired - Fee Related CN104296554B (en)

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