CN104293871A - Method for preparing porphyra anti-oxidation peptide and comprehensively utilizing byproducts - Google Patents
Method for preparing porphyra anti-oxidation peptide and comprehensively utilizing byproducts Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a porphyra anti-oxidation peptide and comprehensively utilizing byproducts, and belongs to the technical field of natural active substance extraction. According to the method, porphyra yezoensis is used as a raw material and subjected to pretreatment including drying, crushing and the like, the porphyra raw material is subjected to enzymolysis by using neutral proteinase and aminopeptidase under specific conditions to obtain a coarse product of the anti-oxidation peptide, the coarse product is separated and purified through membrane technologies of ultra-filtration, nano-filtration and the like to obtain the porphyra anti-oxidation peptide, and the byproducts such as porphyra polysaccharides and porphyra dietary fibers in the enzymolysis process are reclaimed and extracted. The molecular weight of the porphyra anti-oxidation peptide extracted by adopting the method is mainly distributed below 1000Da, the optimal acting pH is 8.5, and the heat stability is good; the yield of the porphyra anti-oxidation peptide is 73.1%, the recovery rate of the porphyra polysaccharides is 55%, and the recovery rate of the dietary fibers is 85%. The porphyra anti-oxidation peptide extracted by adopting the method is small in molecular weight, high in oxidation resistance and good in stability, and has a good application prospect in the fields of food preservatives, cosmetic additives and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine plant activeconstituents to extract, be specifically related to a kind of method preparing laver anti-oxidation peptide and byproduct comprehensive utilization, belong to natural active matter extractive technique field.
Background technology
Food Oxidation goes bad and the free radical that produces in the metabolic process of human body own all can cause serious oxidative damage to biological cells and tissues, thus the disease such as cause arteriosclerosis, cardiovascular disorder, cancer and health old and feeble.Using antioxidant as foodstuff additive to add in ordinary meal can scavenging free radicals to the harm of human body.The antioxidant that current food service industry generally uses mostly is chemosynthesis, as BHA (tertiary butyl alkyl phenylmethylether), BHT (2,6-ditertbutylparacresol), PG (gallic acid third lipoprotein), itself has toxic side effect, therefore finds the study hotspot that natural antioxidant has become people.In recent years, it is found that being hydrolyzed the peptide obtained also has good anti-oxidant activity.
China is the big country of the process for processing of laver resource and utilization, and coastal Zhejiang, Guangdong, Jiangsu etc. are economized all has establishing in large scale, the laver output whole world first.Usually, containing the protein of 20% ~ 45%, the carbohydrate of 20% ~ 40.5%, the fat of 0.6% ~ 2.1% and a large amount of VITAMIN etc. in every 100 grams of dry lavers, its amino acid classes is complete, many compositions as laver amylose and protein have oxidation-resistance, hypotensive, hypoglycemic, reducing blood-fat, anti-ageing, strengthen the several functions such as immunity.Visible laver is typical high protein, high microsteping, low-fat heath food.
Price is very low because mouthfeel is poor for China a large amount of low value laver, but its protein content is higher, in addition also containing various active substances such as polysaccharide, agar, food fibres, the main utilization ways of current China laver makes leisure product for directly edible by after drying simply, deep processed product is less, carries out and seems particularly urgent and important to the deep processing of low value laver and comprehensive utilization.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide the preparation of laver anti-oxidation peptide in a kind of laver enzymolysis product and the method for byproduct comprehensive utilization, from natural product, extract laver anti-oxidation peptide and the separation of by-products such as the polysaccharide in enzymolysis process, food fibre are reclaimed, realize the comprehensive utilization of laver, the method is simple to operate, security is high, and cost is low.
Technical scheme of the present invention, a kind of method preparing laver anti-oxidation peptide and byproduct comprehensive utilization, laver is dried after pulverizing, after adopting complex enzyme zymohydrolysis laver, remove after macromolecular laver amylose through ultra-filtration technique, adopt nanofiltration to carry out desalination and concentration, obtain the higher laver anti-oxidation peptide of purity and byproduct laver amylose and laver food fibre.
Peptide and polysaccharide molecular weight distribution situation is measured by chromatographic technique; Investigate the antioxidation in vitro performance of the DPPH free radical scavenging activity of laver anti-oxidation peptide, thermostability, the best use of pH and laver amylose by experiment; By analyzing the content measuring food fibre in laver residue.
Concrete steps are:
(1) preparation of laver anti-oxidation peptide:
A, be raw material with yezoensis laver, pulverize after drying, sieve, get the Na that 60-80 order is partially soluble in 0.5mol/L, pH 8.5
2hPO
4-KH
2pO
4in damping fluid, concentration of substrate is 30g/L, and neutral protease add-on is 1.48 × 10
4u/g, aminopeptidase add-on is 1.30 × 10
2u/g, boils the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis 8h, 10000r/min, 4 DEG C of centrifugal 15min, collects supernatant liquor;
B, to be diluted by the supernatant liquor deionized water in step (a) after 1.6 times by molecular weight cut-off be the ultra-filtration membrane of 10kDa, collect the nanofiltration membrane that ultrafiltration permeate is 500Da by molecular weight cut-off again and carry out desalination and concentration, enrichment nanofiltration trapped fluid is laver anti-oxidation peptide solution;
(2) recovery of laver amylose: laver amylose molecular weight is comparatively large, is trapped and is present in ultra-filter retentate after the ultrafiltration membrane treatment of 10kDa; The specificity analysis qualification of laver amylose: measure its polysaccharide concentration, molecular weight ranges and antioxidation in vitro performance;
I, employing Phenol sulfuric acid procedure and salicylic acid method measure polysaccharide concentration, and result shows that ultrafiltration process remains the polysaccharide of about 87%, and in yezoensis laver, the extraction rate reached of polysaccharide is to about 55%;
II, high effective liquid chromatography for measuring polysaccharide molecule weight range: the dextrose standard sample of different molecular weight is mixed with the standard solution that concentration is 1mg/mL, after the membrane filtration of 0.22 μm, loading is carried out: chromatographic column: Shodex Sugar KS 804 by following chromatographic condition, moving phase: pure water, flow velocity: 1mL/min, column temperature: 35 DEG C, Composition distribution temperature: 35 DEG C, sample size: 10 μ L.
Take molecular weight as X-coordinate, appearance time is ordinate zou drawing standard curve.Ultra-filter retentate is diluted to 1 mg/mL, removes after high molecular weight protein through trichoroacetic acid(TCA), with 0.22 μm of membrane filtration, loading determining molecular weight under the same terms, operate and average for three times.According to mark Qu Fangcheng y=-1.012ln (x)+9.4565, show that polysaccharide molecular weight is scope 13.3 ~ 69 kDa.
III, antioxidation in vitro performance: adopt pyrogallol to measure the Scavenging activity of laver amylose to the cloudy free radical of super oxygen and hydroxyl radical free radical respectively from oxygen method and the luxuriant and rich with fragrance method of adjacent nitrogen two.Result shows that the laver amylose hydroxyl radical free radical of 1.0mg/mL and superoxide radical clearance rate reach 20.62% and 42% respectively.
(3) determination of recovery rates of laver food fibre:
The content of total dietary fiber, solubility and insoluble dietary fibre in laver residue is measured according to the analytical procedure of AOAC 991.43-1994, concrete steps are as follows: sample carries out enzymolysis, digestion to remove protein, starch through alpha-amylase, proteolytic enzyme, glucuroide, after enzymolysis, sample liquid is through alcohol settling, filtration, after residue ethanol and acetone rinsing, drying is weighed, draw total dietary fiber (TDF) content, need to be corrected by mensuration protein and ash oontent.Wherein, protein and ash oontent are all measured by National Standard Method.The mensuration of insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) and soluble dietary fibre (SDF) is that residue is weighed after drying, obtains IDF by direct filtration after sample enzymolysis; Filtrate with the alcohol settling of 4 times of volumes 95%, then filter successively, dry, weigh, namely obtain SDF.Equally, the content of IDF and SDF needs to be corrected by mensuration protein and ash oontent.Wherein total dietary fiber content is 36.6% after measured, and soluble dietary fibre is 23.5%, and total yield reaches 85%.
(4) laver anti-oxidation peptide specificity analysis qualification:
I, peptide molecular weight distribution: by cytopigment (MW1250), ethamine acid-ethamine acid-Tyr-Arg (MW451), bacillus enzyme (MW1450), ethamine acid-ethamine acid-ethamine acid (MW189) standard substance with after 0.22 μm of millipore filtration process, through following chromatographic condition loading: chromatographic column TSKgel 2000 SWxl(300 mm × 7.8 mm, 5 μm); Column temperature 30 DEG C, moving phase: water: trichoroacetic acid(TCA): acetonitrile=550:450:1(V:V:V); Flow velocity is 1 mL/min, and sample size is 5 μ L, and determined wavelength is 220nm, draws relative molecular mass calibration curve according to going out peak figure; Get laver protein enzymatic hydrolyzate 5mL with 10% trichoroacetic acid(TCA) (TCA) 5 mL mix, place the static 10min of desktop, the centrifugal 10min of 8000r/min, supernatant liquor 0.22 μm of millipore filtration process, under identical chromatographic conditions, loading measures the molecular weight distribution of anti-oxidation peptide.Result shows that the peptide that nanofiltration liquid middle-molecular-weihydroxyethyl is distributed in below 1000Da accounts for 94.02%.
II, the mensuration of DPPH free radical scavenging activity
Get 2mL laver anti-oxidation peptide testing sample (0.5 mg/mL) in test tube, add the DPPH solution of equal-volume 0.04g/L, after mixing, lucifuge reaction 20min, surveys its absorbance A in 517nm place
i, separately get 2mL and treat that test sample is in test tube, add equal-volume dehydrated alcohol, operate the same, survey its absorbance A at 517 nm places
j, the absorbance A of the DPPH solution of Simultaneously test 2 mL 0.04 g/L
0, using dehydrated alcohol as blank, test in triplicate, according to formulae discovery clearance rate below:
III, optimal pH and thermostability:
Laver anti-oxidation peptide nanofiltration trapped fluid is diluted to 0.1mg/mL, and is adjusted to different pH value, use the Na of 0.2 mol/L of corresponding pH simultaneously
2hPO
4-KH
2pO
4damping fluid contrasts, and after 0.22 μm of membrane filtration is degerming, measure laver anti-oxidation peptide to the clearance rate of DPPH free radical, result shows that the suitableeest action pH of bacteriostatic peptide is 8.5; By the laver anti-oxidation peptide solution after nanofiltration through differing temps water bath processing, its clearance rate to DPPH free radical is measured every 1 h, result shows that laver anti-oxidation peptide still retains the relative DPPH free radical scavenging activity of about 83% after 80 DEG C of process 6 h, and this illustrates that laver anti-oxidation peptide has good thermostability.
After ultrafiltration removal macromolecular polysaccharide, adopt nanofiltration desalination to concentrate again laver enzymatic hydrolysate and obtain laver anti-oxidation peptide solution, the optimal pH of described laver anti-oxidation peptide is 8.5, good thermal stability, the nanofiltration trapped fluid DPPH free radical scavenging activity of 0.5mg/mL is 74.5%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention take yezoensis laver as raw material, the mode of complex enzyme hydrolysis is adopted to carry out enzymolysis to laver, after generating small peptide and total free aminoacids, successively by ultra-filtration membrane (10kDa) and nanofiltration membrane (500Da), obtain laver anti-oxidation peptide powder after nanofiltration liquid is concentrated freeze-dried, final yield is 11%.And to the by product in enzymolysis process as laver amylose and food fibre have carried out recovery and performance measurement, the laver anti-oxidation peptide molecular weight extracted is little, oxidation-resistance is high, Heat stability is good, be with a wide range of applications in the field such as food preservative, cosmetics additive, laver amylose also has certain biological activity and can be applicable to protective foods industry, laver residue after enzymolysis can be made into food fibre series products through cleaning, achieve laver to fully utilize to the full extent, improve economic worth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the preparation of laver anti-oxidation peptide of the present invention and the process flow sheet of byproduct comprehensive utilization.
Fig. 2 is nanofiltration trapped fluid molecular weight distribution.
Fig. 3 is the impact of pH on laver anti-oxidation peptide free radical scavenging activity.
Fig. 4 is the impact of temperature on laver anti-oxidation peptide free radical scavenging activity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
The preparation of embodiment 1 laver anti-oxidation peptide:
The post-drying that pulverized and sieved by yezoensis laver is for subsequent use.The laver sample getting 18g oven dry is dissolved in the Na of 600mL pH8.5
2hPO
4-KH
2pO
4in damping fluid, before enzyme-added for ease of protease hydrolyzed laver, boiling water bath process 15min is carried out to laver and expose more restriction enzyme site with the protein structure destroying laver.Add neutral enzymatic 1.48 × 10 respectively
4u/g, aminopeptidase 1.30 × 10
2u/g, enzyme-added period regulates pH to keep 8.5 constant, boils the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis 6h, 8000r/min, 4 DEG C of centrifugal 15min, get supernatant liquor and be diluted to 1.6 times, the enzymolysis solution after dilution is crossed the ultra-filtration membrane that molecular weight cut-off is 10kDa, is respectively ultra-filter retentate and ultrafiltration permeate.Ultrafiltration permeate is the nanofiltration membrane of 500Da after molecular weight cut-off, collects trapped fluid.
Anti-oxidation peptide molecular weight distribution: by cytopigment (MW1250), ethamine acid-ethamine acid-Tyr-Arg (MW451), bacillus enzyme (MW1450), ethamine acid-ethamine acid-ethamine acid (MW189) standard substance with after 0.22 μm of millipore filtration process, through following chromatographic condition loading: chromatographic column TSKgel 2000 SWxl(300 mm × 7.8 mm, 5 μm); Column temperature 30 DEG C, moving phase: water: trichoroacetic acid(TCA): acetonitrile=550:450:1(V:V:V); Flow velocity is 1 mL/min, and sample size is 5 μ L, and determined wavelength is 220nm, draws relative molecular mass calibration curve according to going out peak figure; Get laver protein enzymatic hydrolyzate 5 mL with 10% trichoroacetic acid(TCA) (TCA) 5 mL mix, place static 10 min of desktop, centrifugal 10 min of 8000 r/min, supernatant liquor 0.22 μm of millipore filtration process, under identical chromatographic conditions, loading measures the molecular weight distribution of anti-oxidation peptide.Result shows that the peptide that nanofiltration liquid middle-molecular-weihydroxyethyl is mainly distributed in below 1000Da accounts for 94.02%.
The mensuration of anti-oxidation peptide DPPH free radical scavenging activity: get 2 mL laver anti-oxidation peptide testing samples (0.5 mg/mL) in test tube, add the DPPH solution of equal-volume 0.04 g/L, after mixing, lucifuge reacts 20 min, surveys its absorbance A in 517 nm places
i, separately get 2 mL and treat, in test sample and test tube, to add equal-volume dehydrated alcohol, operate the same, survey its absorbance A at 517 nm places
j, the absorbance A of the DPPH solution of Simultaneously test 2 mL 0.04 g/L
0, using dehydrated alcohol as blank, test in triplicate, according to formulae discovery clearance rate below:
Anti-oxidation peptide optimal pH and thermostability: nanofiltration trapped fluid is diluted to 0.1 mg/mL, and be adjusted to different pH value, use the Na of 0.2 mol/L of corresponding pH simultaneously
2hPO
4-KH
2pO
4damping fluid contrasts, and after 0.22 μm of membrane filtration is degerming, measure laver anti-oxidation peptide to the clearance rate of DPPH free radical, result shows that the suitableeest action pH of bacteriostatic peptide is 8.5; By the laver anti-oxidation peptide solution after nanofiltration through differing temps water bath processing, every 1 h measure purple its to the clearance rate of DPPH free radical, result shows that laver anti-oxidation peptide still retains the relative DPPH free radical scavenging activity of about 83% after 80 DEG C of process 6 h, and this illustrates that laver protein antioxidant peptide has good thermostability.
The separation of embodiment 2 laver amylose and performance measurement:
Laver amylose molecular weight is comparatively large, is trapped and is present in ultra-filter retentate after the ultrafiltration membrane treatment of 10kDa.Phenol sulfuric acid procedure and salicylic acid method is adopted to measure polysaccharide concentration.Result shows that ultrafiltration process remains the polysaccharide of about 87%, and in yezoensis laver, the extraction rate reached of polysaccharide is to about 55%;
High effective liquid chromatography for measuring polysaccharide molecule weight range: the dextrose standard sample of different molecular weight is mixed with the standard solution that concentration is 1mg/mL, after the membrane filtration of 0.22 μm, loading is carried out: chromatographic column: Shodex Sugar KS 804 by following chromatographic condition, moving phase: pure water, flow velocity: 1mL/min, column temperature: 35 DEG C, Composition distribution temperature: 35 DEG C, sample size: 10 μ L.Take molecular weight as X-coordinate, appearance time is ordinate zou drawing standard curve.Ultra-filter retentate is diluted to 1mg/mL, removes after high molecular weight protein through trichoroacetic acid(TCA), with 0.22 μm of membrane filtration, loading determining molecular weight under the same terms, operate and average for three times.According to mark Qu Fangcheng y=-1.012ln (x)+9.4565, show that polysaccharide molecular weight is scope 13.3 ~ 69kDa.
Antioxidation in vitro performance: adopt pyrogallol to measure the Scavenging activity of laver amylose to the cloudy free radical of super oxygen and hydroxyl radical free radical respectively from oxygen method and the luxuriant and rich with fragrance method of adjacent nitrogen two.Result shows that the laver amylose hydroxy radical qiao of 1.0 mg/mL and superoxide radical clearance rate reach 20.62% and 42% respectively.
The assay of embodiment 3 food fibre:
The content of total dietary fiber, solubility and insoluble dietary fibre in laver residue is measured according to the analytical procedure of AOAC 991.43-1994, concrete steps are as follows: sample carries out enzymolysis, digestion to remove protein, starch through alpha-amylase, proteolytic enzyme, glucuroide, after enzymolysis, sample liquid is through alcohol settling, filtration, after residue ethanol and acetone rinsing, drying is weighed, draw total dietary fiber (TDF) content, need to be corrected by mensuration protein and ash oontent.Wherein, protein and ash oontent are all measured by National Standard Method.The mensuration of insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) and soluble dietary fibre (SDF) is that residue is weighed after drying, obtains IDF by direct filtration after sample enzymolysis; Filtrate with the alcohol settling of 4 times of volumes 95%, then filter successively, dry, weigh, namely obtain SDF.Equally, the content of IDF and SDF needs to be corrected by mensuration protein and ash oontent.Wherein total dietary fiber content is 36.6% after measured, and soluble dietary fibre is 23.5%, and total yield reaches 85%.
Claims (2)
1. prepare a method for laver anti-oxidation peptide and byproduct comprehensive utilization, it is characterized in that step is:
(1) preparation of laver anti-oxidation peptide:
A, be raw material with yezoensis laver, pulverize after drying, sieve, get the Na that 60-80 order is partially soluble in 0.5mol/L, pH 8.5
2hPO
4-KH
2pO
4in damping fluid, concentration of substrate is 30g/L, and neutral protease add-on is 1.48 × 10
4u/g, aminopeptidase add-on is 1.30 × 10
2u/g, boils the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis 6h, 8000r/min, 4 DEG C of centrifugal 15min, collects supernatant liquor;
B, to be diluted by the supernatant liquor deionized water in step (a) after 1.6 times by molecular weight cut-off be the ultra-filtration membrane of 10kDa, collect the nanofiltration membrane that ultrafiltration permeate is 500Da by molecular weight cut-off again and carry out desalination and concentration, enrichment nanofiltration trapped fluid is laver anti-oxidation peptide solution;
(2) recovery of laver amylose:
Laver amylose molecular weight is comparatively large, is trapped and is present in ultra-filter retentate, measure its polysaccharide concentration, molecular weight ranges and antioxidation in vitro performance after the ultrafiltration membrane treatment of 10kDa;
(3) recovery of laver food fibre:
The content of total dietary fiber, solubility and insoluble dietary fibre in laver residue is measured according to the analytical procedure of AOAC 991.43-1994.
2. prepare the method for laver anti-oxidation peptide and byproduct comprehensive utilization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the optimal pH of gained laver anti-oxidation peptide is 8.5, good thermal stability, the nanofiltration trapped fluid DPPH free radical scavenging activity of 0.5mg/mL is 74.5%.
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| CN107827992A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-23 | 江南大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-purity Porphyra yezoensis Polysaccharides class alpha amylase inhibitor |
| CN109965173A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-07-05 | 湖州师范学院 | A kind of preparation method and applications for extracting rhodophyll, polysaccharide and dietary fiber from low valued laver |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104650191A (en) * | 2015-02-05 | 2015-05-27 | 福建申石蓝食品有限公司 | Antioxidant polypeptide prepared from laver protein and preparation method of antioxidant polypeptide |
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| CN109965173A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-07-05 | 湖州师范学院 | A kind of preparation method and applications for extracting rhodophyll, polysaccharide and dietary fiber from low valued laver |
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