CN104291950A

CN104291950A - Controlled-release fertilizer for pumpkin planting and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN104291950A
Application number: CN201410492931.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林公传
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2014-09-24
Filing date: 2014-09-24
Publication date: 2015-01-21

Abstract

The invention relates to a controlled-release fertilizer for pumpkin planting. Luffa stems and soybean curb residue both contain multi-organic matters and mineral substances, a microbial fermentation inoculant is utilized in fermentation to prepare an organic fertilizer used as a controlled-release fertilizer for planting pumpkin, and for the pumpkin belonging to seasonal planting vegetable, the nutrition supply to roots is especially important, NPK ingredients and trace elements are fused in resin by virtue of a cross-linking agent based on the characteristic that resin becomes gel and the nutrients are released slowly in the degradation process, the degradation speed can be adjusted and changed according to the concentration of the resin and the cross-linking agent so as to achieve the controlled-release purpose.

Description

A kind of pumpkin planting release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of pumpkin planting release and release control fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belongs to the technology field of pumpkin planting release and release control fertilizer in fertilizer.

Background technology

Chemical fertilizer is that material maximum in agriculture production drops into, statistical information according to Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO shows, in raising per unit area yield, chemical fertilizer accounts for 40 ~ 60% to volume increase role, but the production time shows, due to the impact of fertilizers for potted flowers material nature and edatope condition and agricultural measures etc., chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is very low.China because of fertilizer nutrient utilization low caused nutrients resource waste very surprising, China produces every year according to statistics, the amount of nitrogenous fertilizer used is about 2,000 ten thousand tons, the this season utilization ratio of its fertilizer only uses 30 ~ 50%, accumulative utilization ratio is 45 ~ 60%, and the direct economic loss caused because of utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is amounted to Renminbi and reached 239.4 hundred million yuan.The problem of environmental pollution how to improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer, reducing because improper fertilization causes, Sustainable development high-efficiency agriculture has become the problem that countries in the world are paid close attention to jointly, since 20 century 70s, the research of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers and utilization have become the focus of world fertilizer research, slow/controlled release technology is from the inorganics coating large grain carbon ammonium technology of exploratory stage and fertile bag fertilizer technology, develop into the resin packaging technique of present stage, present stage coated with resin technology.

(1) sulfur-coated urea technology

(2) solvent type resin packaging technique: at high temperature with olefin hydrocarbons thermoplasticity resins such as organic solvent dissolution recycled plastics, then sprays pneumatic vulcanization tower class and is evenly coated on the granulated fertilizer surface such as urea, composite fertilizer the end of at by it.

(3) water soluble resin or water based polymerization resin packaging technique, the technology of water soluble resin, fat-soluble water quality surface reaction film forming and amplification thereof and transitional technology, water soluble resin or water based polymerization resin packaging technique have been used to release and release control fertilizer suitability for industrialized production.

Synolac: by the oily modified polyester resin of polyvalent alcohol, Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride and lipid acid or oil (fatty acid triglyceride) condensation polymerization.By number and the structure of double bond in lipid acid (or oil) molecule, can be divided into dryness, semi-drying and non-dryness three class, dry alkyd resin can solidify in atmosphere; Non-dry alkyd resin then will mix with aminoresin, could solidify through heating, in addition also can by the content of lipid acid used (or oil) or Tetra hydro Phthalic anhydride, be divided into short, in, grow and extremely grow the Synolac of four kinds of oil content.After Synolac film-forming, glossy and toughness, strong adhesion, and there are good wear resistance, weathering resistance and insulativity etc.

(1) drying oil alkyd resin: by the Synolac of high unsaturated fatty acid or oil and fat preparation, can from dry or oven drying at low temperature, solvent No. 200 solvent oils.Such Synolac is by oxidation cross-linked drying and forming-film, and in a sense, the Synolac of oxidation drying is alternatively a kind of siccative oil of modification.The drying of siccative oil paint film needs for a long time, and reason is that their relative molecular mass is lower, needs polystep reaction could form crosslinked macromole.The oil that Synolac is equivalent to " macromole ", only need a little cross-linking set, can make drying varniss, paint film property also far exceedes siccative oil certainly.

(2) non-drying oil alkyd resin: can not film forming in atmosphere separately, belongs to non-oxide drying and forming-film, mainly makes softening agent and polyhydroxylated polymer (oil).Can baking finish be prepared with aminoresin as during hydroxy component or prepare two-pack self-drying paint with polyisocyanate curing agent.

Methylene-bisacrylamide is used for the production of High hydrophilous resin, High hydrophilous resin can be used for producing sanitary product, water-absorbent is splendid, also can be used for the production of agriculture water-holding agent, by potato starch and acrylamide using methylene-bisacrylamide as linking agent, under the effect of initiator, hydrolysis obtains High hydrophilous resin.

Tributyl citrate (TBC) is a kind of good environment-friendly plasticizer, lubricant, under normal temperature for nontoxic, have fruital taste, colourless transparent oil liquid, boiling point 170 DEG C (133.3Pa), flash-point (opening cup) 185 DEG C, be dissolved in most organic solvent, volatility is little, good with the consistency of resin, plasticizing efficiency is high, is allowed for food product pack and health care goods in countries such as America and Europes, and the industry such as the soft toy of children, pharmacy, medical product, essence and flavoring agent, makeup manufacture.

Summary of the invention

A kind of pumpkin planting release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: Towel Gourd Stem 50 ~ 60, unslaked lime 20 ~ 30, soybean cake 80 ~ 90, residue from beans after making 45 ~ 60, cow dung 70 ~ 80, lotus pool mud 30 ~ 40, quartz sand 10 ~ 12, biological fermentation microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, ammonium molybdate 3 ~ 4, potassium sulfate 8 ~ 9, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC 10 ~ 12, Sodium Selenite 2 ~ 3, ammonium sulfate 8 ~ 10, Repone K 7 ~ 9, Synolac 8 ~ 12, ethylene glycol 2 ~ 3, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3 ~ 4, linking agent 4 ~ 5 and appropriate water;

Described linking agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: butyl acrylate 2 ~ 3, tributyl citrate 3 ~ 5, colophonium powder 2 ~ 3, green cucumber wood powder 5 ~ 7, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 1 ~ 2, ethanol 4 ~ 5, lac powder 1 ~ 2 and appropriate water; Preparation method: (1), by the ratio thin up of ethanol and water 1: 3, adds colophonium powder, butyl acrylate, N,N methylene bis acrylamide and tributyl citrate afterwards, is heated to 70 ~ 90 DEG C of stirring and dissolving; (2) mix nonage Fructus Chaenomelis powder and lac powder, add the water of about 10 times its weight parts, stirring and evenly mixing; (3) mix (1) (2) two kinds of solvents, concentrate after heating 20 ~ 30min and obtain.

A preparation method for pumpkin planting release and release control fertilizer, is characterized in that comprising following step:

(1) super-fine powder after Towel Gourd Stem, unslaked lime, soybean cake, residue from beans after making, cow dung and lotus pool mud combination drying is broken into the powder about 140 orders, then the biological fermentation microbial inoculum with the dilution of 10 times, water is added, adjustment water content about 35% after mixing, temperature 40 ~ 44 DEG C, ferment 20 ~ 26 days, within every 2 days, stir once;

(2) ammonium molybdate, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, Sodium Selenite and Repone K is mixed, add 5 ~ 6 times to the water post-heating stirring and dissolving of its gross weight, add Synolac, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, ethylene glycol, linking agent and other following remaining component do not related to afterwards, continue heated and stirred 10 ~ 15min;

(3) quartz sand is added in the mixing solutions described in (2), heated and stirred 30 ~ 40min, naturally cooling after coagulation, be then ground into 20 order left and right resin particles;

(4) mix the fermentation material of (1) and the resin particle of (3), adjust the rear granulation of water content about 20%.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the dead meal in life re-uses and makes fertilizer by the present invention, Towel Gourd Stem and residue from beans after making all contain multiple organic matter and mineral substance, here biological fermentation microbial inoculum is utilized to carry out fermenting and make organic fertilizer for slow release fertilizer during pumpkin planting, and for belonging to seasonal field planting type vegetables as pumpkin, the nutrition supply of root system is particularly important, NPK composition and trace element are utilized the characteristic of hardening of resin plastic by the present invention, nutritive ingredient is merged in resin by linking agent, along with the process slow releasing of degraded, play the effect of slowly-releasing, degradation rate can be changed according to the concentration adjustment of resin and linking agent simultaneously, reach the object of controlled release.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

A kind of pumpkin planting release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): Towel Gourd Stem 60, unslaked lime 30, soybean cake 80, residue from beans after making 50, cow dung 80, lotus pool mud 35, quartz sand 10, biological fermentation microbial inoculum 3, ammonium molybdate 4, potassium sulfate 9, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC 10, Sodium Selenite 3, ammonium sulfate 8, Repone K 9, Synolac 11, ethylene glycol 2, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 4, linking agent 5 and appropriate water;

Described linking agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: butyl acrylate 2, tributyl citrate 5, colophonium powder 2, green cucumber wood powder 7, N,N methylene bis acrylamide 1, ethanol 4, lac powder 2 and appropriate water; Preparation method: (1), by the ratio thin up of ethanol and water 1: 3, adds colophonium powder, butyl acrylate, N,N methylene bis acrylamide and tributyl citrate afterwards, is heated to 70 ~ 90 DEG C of stirring and dissolving; (2) mix nonage Fructus Chaenomelis powder and lac powder, add the water of about 10 times its weight parts, stirring and evenly mixing; (3) mix (1) (2) two kinds of solvents, concentrate after heating 20 ~ 30min and obtain.

By release and release control fertilizer of the present invention with plantation time nursery subsoil with 1: 3 ratio mix, in planting pit on average every 3 ~ 4Kg release of pumpkin seedling, sealing fertilizer is mended once at vigorous period, this method is as experimental group, fertilising requirement when control group is planted according to a conventional method, result shows: experimental group reduces the usage quantity of in the future topdressing, no matter be the sturdy degree of fruit colour and stalk, experimental group is obviously better than the control group of applying fertilizer routinely, per mu yield increases by 16.9%, and economy rises 22.3% on year-on-year basis.

Claims

1. a pumpkin planting release and release control fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: Towel Gourd Stem 50 ~ 60, unslaked lime 20 ~ 30, soybean cake 80 ~ 90, residue from beans after making 45 ~ 60, cow dung 70 ~ 80, lotus pool mud 30 ~ 40, quartz sand 10 ~ 12, biological fermentation microbial inoculum 2 ~ 3, ammonium molybdate 3 ~ 4, potassium sulfate 8 ~ 9, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC 10 ~ 12, Sodium Selenite 2 ~ 3, ammonium sulfate 8 ~ 10, Repone K 7 ~ 9, Synolac 8 ~ 12, ethylene glycol 2 ~ 3, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 3 ~ 4, linking agent 4 ~ 5 and appropriate water;

2. the preparation method of a kind of pumpkin planting release and release control fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising following step: