CN104288912A - Electronic range projecting image device and ray detector and scanning method of electronic range projecting image device - Google Patents
Electronic range projecting image device and ray detector and scanning method of electronic range projecting image device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an electronic range projecting image device and a ray detector and a scanning method of the electronic range projecting image device. By means of the device, the ray detector and the scanning method, non-treatment radiation received by a patient can be reduced. The ray detector comprises a rail and a scanning cart, wherein the rail extends from one end of a scanned area to the other end of the scanned area, and the scanning cart is arranged on the rail. The scanning cart is provided with a plurality of scanning units formed by arranging a plurality of gas ionization chambers in an array shape, the scanning units are arranged along straight lines to form scanning zones, the scanning zones are arranged to form a plurality of rows of scanning linear array structures, and the scanning cart drives the scanning zones to move along the rail to complete scanning the whole scanned area. The scanning method comprises the steps: driving the scanning cart provided with the scanning units to move from one end of the scanned area to the other side of the scanned area to complete scanning the whole scanned area, and obtaining an image of the whole scanned area; selecting a sub-area in the scanned area according to the size of the scanned position of the patient shown in the image and scanning the sub-area; only obtaining data of the sub-area and reconstructing an image of the sub-area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medicine technology field, particularly relate to a kind of ray detector of electronic portal image device.The invention still further relates to a kind of there is above-mentioned ray detector electronic portal image device and electronics launched field affect the scan method of device.
Background technology
Electronic portal image device (Electronic Portal Imaging Device, be called for short EPID), is mainly used in accelerator checking to launched field shape and knub position before clinical radiotherapy and in therapeutic process.This system is primarily of front end ray detector and back end signal process two parts composition, and the essential difference of different system is embodied in front end ray detector part.At present, according to the difference of X-ray detection X kind, can be the types such as Fluorescence Plate detector, solid semiconductor flat panel detector, ionization of liquid room by EPID system divides.
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of set-up mode of Fluorescence Plate detector in prior art.
Reflecting mirror 300, lens 400 and video camera 500 that Fluorescence Plate detector tilts primarily of the fluorescent screen 200 of covered metal plate 100,45° angle form.When photon beam incides metallic plate 100, interacts with its generation and produces electronics, electronics is got on fluorescent screen 200 and is sent fluorescence; The light path that the image that fluorescence is formed forms through reflecting mirror 300 and lens 400 passes to video camera 500, becomes electronic image, finally pass to the computer of responsible image procossing after video camera 500 records.
The fluorescent screen 200 of Fluorescence Plate detector is cheap, and that therefore can do is very large, and the coverage field of covering is large, and image taking speed is fast, and the service life of fluorescent screen 200 is longer.But fluorescent screen 200 exists low, the image blurring birth defect of imaging resolution, add that the inclination of illuminator 300 causes systems bulky, be unfavorable for that patient puts position; Moreover fluorescent screen 200 pairs of high-energy ray photon collection efficiency are lower.
The quasiconductor linear array that solid semiconductor flat panel detector is mainly made by the material such as non-crystalline silicon, amorphous selenium forms.Non-crystalline silicon array is made up of photodiode and field effect transistor, is close to metalfluorescent change-over panel, and each diode-coupled is to a field-effect transistor.When gathering picture signal, all FET lines keep negative voltage to make whole FET array non-conductive.Fluorescence is converted to the electron hole pair of photodiode intrinsic layer efficiently, is collected subsequently, is stored in the electric capacity of optical diode.When for after piece image acquires enough signals, the voltage changing a certain bar FET makes all FET conductions being positioned at corresponding line.The signal being stored in optical diode passes to data wire through FET, is converted to a line digital picture through external electronic device.Subsequently, the voltage of this FET line gets back to original state, and the voltage changing next FET similarly just can obtain the image of next line.Gatherer process carries out line by line until the signal of all row is read out and obtains entire image.
X-ray is directly converted to the electric charge of representative image by the optical conductor made with amorphous selenium array, and the latter can read with an active matrix.The lower surface of amorphous selenium layer contacts with active matrix, and its upper surface connects HVB high voltage bias electrode, thus can form electric field in amorphous selenium layer.Each pixel of active matrix is by a thin film transistor (TFT), and a pixel electrode and a storage electric capacity are formed.A line thin film transistor (TFT) opened by horizontally disposed door line at every turn, makes image charge be transferred to vertically arranged data wire from pixel electrode, then passes to external charge amplifier through data wire, finally convert the parallel signal be exaggerated to Serial output by coaxial cable.Compare with amorphous silicon array imaging, the method does not need metalfluorescent change-over panel, is the more direct scan method of one.
Be no matter the solid probe of non-crystalline silicon or amorphous selenium array, all there is the advantages such as volume is little, efficiency is high, resolution is high, dynamic range is large; But cost is higher, and can not in long-term work under high-energy ray, its service life often can only maintain about 1 year.
Ionization of liquid chamber system adopts ionization of liquid room matrix as ray detector, fills organic solvent as ionization medium between ionization chamber high-field electrode.Gatherer process is by connecting the polarizing voltage of every a line ionization chamber successively, and the ionization current simultaneously adopting electrometer to read this line ionization chamber realizes.The sweep time of system and spatial resolution be shifting relation each other, and shorter sweep time realizes by reducing spatial resolution.
Ionization of liquid chamber system small volume, compact conformation, conveniently installs and uses.And each probe unit position is fixed, is uniformly distributed, image generation geometric distortion can not be made.But detector ray utilization rate is low, in image reading process, the unstability of accelerator close rate may affect picture quality.
Existing three kinds of detectors have respective advantage, also there is different defect, current main flow detector adopts solid semiconductor flat panel detector, but the type detector cost is high simultaneously, life-span is short, therefore, a kind of electronic portal image device and ray detector, scan method how is designed, to reduce costs, increase the service life, and make its volume ratio fluorescing system little, stability is better than detector liquid, be the current technical issues that need to address of those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of electronic portal image device and ray detector thereof, its cost is lower, and the life-span is long, and volume ratio fluorescing system is little, and stability is better than detector liquid.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the scan method that a kind of electronics launched field affects device, can realize the washability of scanning area, to reduce volume of transmitted data and processing time, and then the non-treatment radiation that minimizing patient is subject to.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of ray detector of electronic portal image device, comprise the track extending to the other end by one end of scanning area and the scanning dolly installed on the track, it is the scanning element of rectangular arrangement by multiple gas ionization chamber that described scanning dolly is provided with some, described scanning element is linearly arranged formation scanning strip, multiple described scanning strip rearranges many row's scanning linear array structures, described scanning dolly drives described scanning strip along described rail moving, to complete the scanning of whole described scanning area.
Ray detector of the present invention, is combined to form scanning element by multiple gas ionization chamber, and formation scanning strip that scanning element is linearly arranged, then scanning strip can move in scanning area, thus completes the scanning of whole scanning area.Compared with the detector in EPID system in prior art, ray detector of the present invention has given full play to the advantage that gas ionization chamber volume is little, the life-span is long, degree of stability is high and cheap; The collection rate of gas ionization chamber to high-energy ray photon is high, is applicable to being applied in accelerator EPID system, is beneficial to patient and puts position, improve detection efficiency.What is more important, in EPID system of the present invention, adopts scanning strip to scan, compared with the detector of employing matrix form of the prior art, decreases the quantity of desired gas ionization chamber, and then reduce cost largely; Moreover gas ionization chamber can long time continuous working, therefore the pendulum position checking of real-time continuous can be realized over the course for the treatment of, improve treatment precision.
Alternatively, the high input voltage of described gas ionization chamber and signal pins are drawn at its afterbody, and each described gas ionization chamber equidistantly arranges at grade.
Alternatively, each described scanning strip equidistantly arranges, and described scanning dolly drives described scanning strip to be spaced apart distance with linear array and does simple scanning motion.
Scanning dolly of the present invention can comprise some scanning strips, scanning dolly drives scanning strip to be spaced apart distance with linear array and does simple scanning motion, each scanning strip is made only to be responsible for scanning the specific region in linear array interval, thus significantly improve scan efficiency, decrease the non-treatment ray that patient accepts, and then the real-time pendulum position checking realized fast in therapeutic process, improve treatment precision.
Alternatively, described scanning strip and described race orthogonal, each described scanning strip is distributed in described scanning area.
Alternatively, the actuator driving described scanning dolly along described rail moving is also comprised.
Alternatively, the leading screw that described actuator comprises drive motors and extends in the same way with described track, described scanning dolly and described leading screw are spirally connected, and described drive motors drives described screw turns, to drive described scanning dolly along described rail moving.
The present invention also provides a kind of electronic portal image device, the processor comprising ray detector and be connected with its signal, described ray detector is the ray detector described in above-mentioned any one, described scanning element is connected with described processor signal, so that the scan-data that described processor obtains according to described scanning element carries out image reconstruction.
Because electronic portal image device of the present invention comprises the ray detector described in above-mentioned any one, therefore the technique effect that the ray detector described in above-mentioned any one produces all is applicable to electronic portal image device of the present invention, repeats no more herein.
Alternatively, described scan-data comprises strength information and the position signalling of signal, and described scanning element adopts SCD reading circuit to read described scan-data.
Alternatively, described track is provided with the position sensor for detecting the little truck position of described scanning, and described position sensor is connected with described processor signal, so that described processor scan-data according to the station location marker of described scanning dolly.
The present invention identifies scan-data according to the position of scanning dolly, thus effectively rebuilds image, improves the positioning precision of image.
The present invention also provides a kind of scan method of electronic portal image device, comprises the following steps:
11) drive the scanning dolly being provided with scanning element to move to the other end by one end of scanning area, to complete the scanning to whole scanning area, obtain the image of whole scanning area;
12) according to the size at patient scan position shown in described image, in described scanning area, select a subregion, and scan described subregion;
13) only obtain described subregional data, and rebuild described subregional image.
First scan method of the present invention carries out prescan to scanning area, to obtain an image roughly, then selects subregion to carry out fine scanning as required, and only obtains subregional data, and then rebuild subregional precise image.Adopt above-mentioned scan method, on the one hand, the scanning element on whole scanning dolly all powers on and carries out work, and unified high voltage supply mode ensure that the concordance of each scanning element; On the other hand, the data of other parts beyond subregion are not uploaded, thus decrease volume of transmitted data largely, alleviate the burden of process data, have saved the time that data-analysis time and patient accept to scan.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of set-up mode of Fluorescence Plate detector in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of electronic portal image device provided by the present invention in a kind of detailed description of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of ray detector in a kind of detailed description of the invention of electronic portal image device provided by the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the close-up schematic view of a kind of set-up mode of scanning element provided by the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of SCD reading circuit in scanning element provided by the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of ray detector in another kind of detailed description of the invention of electronic portal image device provided by the present invention;
Fig. 7 carries out for adopting ray detector shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 6 the contrast schematic diagram scanned;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of gas ionization chamber array arrangement;
Fig. 9 is the structural principle schematic diagram of gas ionization chamber.
In Fig. 1:
Metallic plate 100, fluorescent screen 200, reflecting mirror 300, lens 400, video camera 500
In Fig. 2-9:
Track 1, scanning dolly 2, scanning element 3, gas ionization chamber 31, passive electrode 311, high-field electrode 312, protection ring 313, insulator 314, scanning strip 4, actuator 5, drive motors 51, leading screw 52, position sensor 6, accelerator 7, sigmatron 71, patient 8, therapeutic bed 9, ray detector 10
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the present invention program better, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Please refer to Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of electronic portal image device provided by the present invention in a kind of detailed description of the invention.
In a kind of detailed description of the invention, electronic portal image device of the present invention (Electronic Portal Imaging Device, be called for short EPID), be mainly used in accelerator 7 before clinical radiotherapy and in therapeutic process to the checking of launched field shape and knub position, the processor comprising ray detector 10 and be connected with its signal, the scan-data that processor obtains for the treatment of described ray detector 10.
As shown in Figure 2, patient 8 lies low on therapeutic bed 9, and the sigmatron that accelerator 7 discharges 71 couples of patients 8 scanned, and the position of lower Founder to scanning area of bed board is provided with ray detector 10; Described scanning area refers to the scope that high-energy ray covers when scanning patient 8.When EPID works, X-ray is irradiated on ray detector through patient 8 and bed board, and because tissue density is different, then the dosage projecting the X-ray on each little detector module is different, that is, the transmitted intensity received by each ray detector module is different; Position residing for each detector module is determined, and the particular location of received ray can be determined, namely ray detector 10 of the present invention can record the quantity of X-rays X of each position in scanning area and the concrete launching position of ray, and these information are the scan-data obtained when ray detector 10 scans.After ray detector 10 obtains scan-data, scan-data can be passed to processor, processor can carry out image reconstruction according to the scan-data received, obtain the pendulum position information of patient 8, and then compare with CT image, confirm set-up deviation, realize the pendulum position authentication function of EPID.
Signal connection described herein refers to, realizes a kind of connected mode of signal transmission in wired or wireless manner.
Please composition graphs 3-5, Fig. 3 be the structural representation of ray detector in a kind of detailed description of the invention of electronic portal image device provided by the present invention further; Fig. 4 is the close-up schematic view of a kind of set-up mode of scanning element provided by the present invention; Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of SCD reading circuit in scanning element provided by the present invention.
The scanning dolly 2 that ray detector of the present invention comprises track 1 and installs on path 1, track 1 extends to the other end by one end of scanning area, and scanning dolly 2 can move along track 1, and described movement comprises one-way movement, also comprises reciprocating motion; Scanning dolly 2 is provided with some scanning elements 3, and each scanning element 3 forms by multiple gas ionization chamber 31, and each scanning element 3 is linearly arranged, to form the scanning strip 4 of linearity, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.When scanning dolly 2 and moving along track 1, drive scanning strip 4 to move in scanning area, and then complete the scanning to whole scanning area.
Track 1 extends to the other end along one end of scanning area and refers to that track 1 can run through whole scanning area, to scan dolly 2 when moving along track 1, scanning strip 4 can scan whole scanning area.
Ray detector of the present invention, adopt gas ionization chamber 31 as exploring block, gas ionization chamber 31 has good energy response, higher sensitivity and spatial resolution, its dosage linear also better, the repeatability of dosage and stability can both position within 0.5%; Meanwhile, adopt gas ionization chamber 31 as exploring block, ray detector of the present invention is had, and structure is simple, dependable performance and advantage with low cost, without the anxiety in service life.
What is more important, ray detector of the present invention, forms scanning element 3 by multiple gas ionization chamber 31, then scanning element 3 is linearly arranged and forms scanning strip 4; When scanning, drive scanning dolly 2 to move along track 1, the scanning of whole scanning area can be completed, obtain all scan-datas; Be, compared with array is arranged in whole scanning area, has saved each detecting module the quantity of detecting module, saved cost largely in prior art; Meanwhile, adopt multiple gas ionization chamber 31 to form scanning element 3, scanning accuracy is guaranteed.
Those skilled in the art are to be understood that, in EPID system, after ray detector completes scanning, scan-data is passed to processor, so that processor carries out image reconstruction according to scan-data, then when ray detector adopts said structure, concrete employing scanning element 3 scans, and obtain scan-data, then the scanning element 3 of ray detector can be connected with processor signal, scan-data is directly passed to processor.
Multiple gas ionization chambers 31 in described scanning element 3 can be arranged in matrix, effectively to scan the scanning area corresponding with it; Comparatively preferred, this matrix can be square formation, and namely its line number and columns can be equal.
Moreover, gas ionization chamber 31 has high input voltage pin and signal pins, its high input voltage and signal pins can be drawn by the afterbody of gas ionization chamber 31, such as, can draw from the bottom of gas ionization chamber 31, then the surface of gas ionization chamber 31 is comparatively smooth, and each gas ionization chamber 31 can be arranged in same plane, and can equidistantly arrange.In like manner, each scanning element 3 also can equidistantly arrange in the plane, forms the scanning strip 4 of wire arrangement, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
In addition, scanning dolly 2 can arrange scanning dull and stereotyped, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, gas ionization chamber 31 can be formed scanning element 3 according to matrix arrangement, then each scanning element 3 close-packed arrays is in line, form a scanning strip 4, can also be equidistantly distributed by some scanning strips 4 and form whole Scan Architecture on scanning flat board, specifically can with reference to hereafter and in Fig. 6 arranging about the description scanning linear array structure more.The inside of scanning flat board can be made up of high voltage power supply and Acquisition Circuit, high voltage power supply is for providing the working power of each gas ionization chamber 31, Acquisition Circuit is for gathering the scan-data of each scanning element 3, first the scan-data of scanning element 3 can be read by reading circuit, then Acquisition Circuit directly can gather the data read-out by reading circuit.
Particularly, scanning element 3 can comprise shell, gas ionization chamber 31, insulator (with exhaustor), inner support panels, electrode slice and reading circuit, wherein, reading circuit is for reading the scan-data of gas ionization chamber 31 in whole unit, and described scan-data comprises strength information and the positional information of signal.As shown in Figure 5, according to centroid method principle, reading circuit can be SCD (Symmetric Charge Division) reading circuit, and adopts SCD (Symmetric Charge Division) readout scheme wherein to read the data of whole scanning element 3.When adopting SCD, only need arrange four signal outlets in scanning element 3, the signal intensity sum of four signal outlets is the strength information of the primary signal detected by whole scanning element 3; According to centre-of-gravity principle, the signal intensity size that can be exported by four signal outlets calculates positional information, as shown in Figure 5, the matrix form of four lines four row is arranged in for gas ionization chamber 31, with the direction at the AB place in scheming for transverse axis X, with the direction at CD place for longitudinal axis Y, then following formula can be adopted to obtain coordinate position:
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that accordingly, accelerator target head needs to provide a coaxial concentric gamma radiographic source when adopting SCD reading circuit.
Please composition graphs 6 and Fig. 7, Fig. 6 be the structural representation of ray detector in another kind of detailed description of the invention of electronic portal image device provided by the present invention further; Fig. 7 carries out for adopting ray detector shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 6 the contrast schematic diagram scanned.
Ray detector of the present invention can also comprise some scanning strips 4 be arranged in parallel, and as shown in Figure 6, each scanning strip 4 equidistantly arranges, and to form many row's scanning linear array structures, namely many row's scanning strips 4 equidistantly arrange according to linear array structure; According to the size of scanning area, spacing between the number of scanning strip 4 and adjacent two scanning strips 4 can be set, whole scanning area is divided into equal-sized sub-scanning area; Due to the small volume of each scanning element 3, and some scanning element 3 close-packed arrays form scanning strip 4, scanning strip 4 can be analogized to the straightway not having width, as shown in Figure 7, then the area of every sub-scanning area equals the product of the length L0 of spacing L1 between two adjacent scanning strips 4 and scanning strip 4.
When arranging some scanning strips 4, each scanning strip 4 also can arrange at grade, as described above, can be arranged on scanning flat board.Now, whole scanning area is divided into sub-scanning area by scanning strip 4, drives the scanning spacing of getting off between mobile inswept two adjacent scan bands 4 can complete the scanning of sub-scanning area, namely realizes the scanning of whole scanning area; Such as, the spacing between two adjacent scan bands 4 can be the width of two scanning strips 4, then scan the scanning that width that 2, dolly need move two scanning strips 4 can complete whole scanning area.
Known with reference to Fig. 7, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, a scanning strip 4 can be set, now, scanning dolly 2 must be driven to move to by one end of scanning area the scanning that the other end can realize whole scanning area along track 1, the workload of single scanning strip 4 is comparatively large, and scan efficiency is relatively low; When arranging some scanning strips 4, single scanning strip 4 need scan a sub-scanning area, significantly can improve scan efficiency, reduces the non-treatment ray that patient 8 is subject to.
Usually, scanning area is in a rectangle or foursquare region, and as shown in Figure 2, state when orientation herein scans with patient 8 is reference, and under the direction on ground is, the direction away from ground is upper; Scanning area is usually parallel to ground and is parallel to therapeutic bed 9 in other words, with the length direction of therapeutic bed 9 for longitudinal direction, in the vertical, being front near the direction of accelerator 7, after away from the direction of accelerator 7 being; In scanning area, the direction perpendicular to longitudinal direction is laterally, and when lying on therapeutic bed 9 with patient 8, its dexter direction is right, and the direction of left-hand side is left, then be laterally left and right directions.
Track 1 can extend longitudinally, two point tracks 1 be parallel to each other can also be comprised, two points of tracks 1 can be in the left and right sides, then the left and right sides of scanning dolly 2 can be connected with point track 1 being in both sides respectively, to improve the robust motion of scanning dolly 2.
Scanning strip 4 on scanning dolly 2 is vertical with track 1 can also arrange, then, when scanning dolly 2 and driving scanning strip 4 to move along track 1, the scanning of whole scanning area can be completed; Certainly, scan dolly 2 to move back and forth along track 1 according to scanning demand, to improve scanning accuracy.
It should be noted that, the moving direction of scanning dolly 2 can move as shown in figs. 3 and 6 in the longitudinal direction, and when the setting direction conversion of track 1, the direction of motion of scanning dolly 2 also changes, as long as can realize the scanning of whole scanning area thereupon; Such as, track 1 also can extend substantially in the horizontal, then drives scanning to get off and moves in the vertical; Or track 1 transverse direction or the certain angle of fore-and-aft tilt relatively can be set, then drive scanning dolly 2 to move up in the side perpendicular to track 1, or drive scanning dolly 2 to move according to certain rule, to complete the scanning of whole scanning area.
Meanwhile, scanning strip 4 can be uniformly distributed in scanning area, and as described above, scanning area can be divided into equal-sized sub-scanning area by scanning strip 4, to realize the synchronous scanning of each sub-scanning area.
On the basis of the above, actuator 5 can also be set, drive scanning dolly 2 to move along track 1 by actuator 5.Actuator 5 can adopt various drives structure of the prior art, such as, drive motors 51 and coupled leading screw 52 can be adopted, leading screw 52 can extend in the same way with track 1, then be threaded with leading screw 52 by scanning dolly 2, then drive motors 51 drives leading screw 52 to rotate, and the rotation of leading screw 52 is converted into the rectilinear movement of scanning dolly 2, scanning dolly 2 is moved along track 1, and then drives scanning strip 4 to complete scanning.
Can expect, can also other power sources such as hydraulic pressure be adopted, the realizations such as gear drive also can be adopted the driving of scanning dolly 2; Obviously, driving precision can be improved when adopting leading screw 52 to drive, be convenient to scanning dolly 2 and move back and forth along track 1.
Further, the all right setting position sensor 6 of the present invention, for detecting the position of scanning dolly 2, because scanning dolly 2 is in moving process, and the position that each scanning element 3 scans can change, therefore can setting position sensor 6, and position sensor 6 is connected with processor signal, the positional information of scanning dolly 2 is passed to processor, so that processor is according to the station location marker scan-data of scanning dolly 2, completes scanning and the image reconstruction of respective regions.
Can expect, other modes can also be adopted to carry out the mark of scan-data, such as, can according to the mark of carrying out scanning sequency, sweep time etc. scan-data.
Please refer to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of gas ionization chamber 31 array arrangement; Fig. 9 is the structural principle schematic diagram of gas ionization chamber 31.
Gas ionization chamber 31 can be formed according to array arrangement by ray detector of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, gas ionization chamber 31 can be used for EPID system, to reduce costs, increase its service life, solve solid probe and use flimsy problem for a long time, can realtime imaging over the course for the treatment of, to improve treatment precision.
But, adopt gas ionization chamber 31 quantity needed for structure of array more, therefore above described some scanning strips 4 can be adopted to realize scanning; Not only take into account scan efficiency when adopting some scanning strips 4 to scan, also reduce the quantity of adopted gas ionization chamber 31 largely.Such as, when the array of employing 1024 × 1024, need 1048576 gas ionization chambers 31 altogether, if use 64 scanning strips 4, the quantity of gas ionization chamber 31 is 1024 × 64, i.e. 65536 gas ionization chambers 31, is 1/16th of array structure desired gas ionization chamber 31.
Herein described some be that exponential quantity is uncertain multiple, be generally more than three.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 9, the structure of gas ionization chamber 31 and principle are described.
Gas ionization chamber 31 has two types usually, and a kind of is the pulse ionization chamber recording single radiating particle, can be used for energy and the intensity of measuring heavy charged particle; Another kind records the current ionization chamber of a large amount of radiating particle average effect and the accumulative ionization chamber of accumulative effect, is mainly used in measuring X, γ, β and neutron intensity or dosage, and that adopt herein is the former.
Gas ionization chamber 31 is primarily of the electrode composition being in different potentials, and the shape of electrode is arbitrary in principle, but is parallel-plate and columniform mostly on using.Separate with insulator 314 between electrode, and be sealed in the container of certain gas.When radiating particle passes through the gas between electrode, the electronics that ionization produces and cation just move along with the direction against space electric field respectively, are finally collected.Wherein, the electrode be connected with grapher is called passive electrode 311, and it is by load resistance ground connection.Another electrode then adds hundreds of to number kilovoltage, is high-field electrode 312.Between passive electrode 311 and high-field electrode 312, also have a protection ring 313, its current potential is identical with passive electrode 311.Also be separated by insulator 314 between protection ring 313 and two electrodes, the effect of protection ring 313 makes leakage current from high-field electrode 312 to ground not by passive electrode 311, and keep the electric field at passive electrode 311 edge to distort and to keep even.Like this, gas ionization chamber 31 can be made to have clear and definite sensitive volume.If do not have the loss of compound and diffusion, the whole ion pairs formed in sensitive volume all will be collected by two electrodes.
In order to avoid the measurement error that electrical leak between electrodes causes, the technique of gas ionization chamber 31 most critical ensures the insulation effect between electrode.The insulant of function admirable generally can be selected to have quartz, aluminium oxide, polystyrene etc.
In addition, gas ionization chamber 31 of the present invention can be set to slim-lined construction, is namely similar to the form of a stroke or a combination of strokes, and it is very tight that detector array can do by this kind of mode, to improve its resolution and sensitivity; Other part and Acquisition Circuit etc. about gas ionization chamber 31 with reference to prior art, as space is limited, can repeat no more herein.
It should be noted that, the parts that electronic portal image device comprises are more, and the structure of each parts is comparatively complicated, is only illustrated its ray detector herein, and other parts please refer to prior art, repeat no more herein.
Present invention also offers the scan method that a kind of electronics launched field affects device, comprise the following steps:
11) drive the scanning dolly 2 being provided with scanning element 3 to move to the other end by one end of scanning area, to complete the scanning to whole scanning area, obtain the image of whole scanning area;
12) according to the size at patient scan position in described image, in described scanning area, select a subregion, usually can select a subregion by linear array vertical direction circle, and fine scanning be carried out to described subregion, feasible region scan function;
13) only obtain described subregional data, and rebuild described subregional precise image.
In step 11) in obtain image can be an image roughly, substantially can reflect the roughly situation of scanning area.Usually, the irradiation of just certain position or specific region that patient 8 needs, and general EPID can scan whole scanning area, puts position information to provide patient 8.Increase sector scanning function in the present invention, medical personnel can scan position according to patient 8, selects a subregion, and can ignore other extraneous areas in scanning area at obtained image centre circle.
In detail, the scanning element 3 of encoder to each ranks can be adopted to carry out the control of service behaviour: patient 8 location detection region can be selected at the software centre circle of control station in advance, i.e. described subregion, the coding of scanning element 3 corresponding in subregion is issued in encoder by the mode of tabling look-up by computer, and in territory, control partition, whether each gas ionization chamber 31 of scanning element 3 works.Accordingly, only can upload the subregional scan-data of circle choosing, not participate in the scanning element 3 not uploading data of work.Can transmitted data amount be decreased like this, alleviate computer processing data burden, saved data-analysis time and patient 8 sweep time.
Because gas ionization chamber 31 life-span is longer, working stability, so, under normal circumstances, there is no need in sector scanning mode to do regional choice to the power supply mode of gas ionization chamber 31, although that is adopt sector scanning mode, all gas ionization chamber 31 on whole scanning dolly 2 can work on power simultaneously, just selectively data are selected, namely only upload the scan-data in the subregion of circle choosing; Unified high voltage supply mode can ensure the concordance of each gas ionization chamber 31, improves scanning accuracy and accuracy.
Above electronic portal image device provided by the present invention and ray detector thereof, scan method are described in detail.Apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and embodiment, the explanation of above embodiment just understands core concept of the present invention for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the ray detector of an electronic portal image device, it is characterized in that, comprise the track (1) extending to the other end by one end of scanning area and the scanning dolly (2) be arranged on described track (1), described scanning dolly (2) is provided with some by the scanning element (3) of multiple gas ionization chamber (31) in rectangular arrangement, described scanning element (3) is linearly arranged and is formed scanning strip (4), multiple described scanning strip (4) rearranges many row's scanning linear array structures, described scanning dolly (2) drives described scanning strip (4) mobile along described track (1), to complete the scanning of whole described scanning area.
2. ray detector as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, high input voltage and the signal pins of described gas ionization chamber (31) are drawn at its afterbody, and each described gas ionization chamber (31) equidistantly arranges at grade.
3. ray detector as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, each described scanning strip (4) equidistantly arranges, and described scanning dolly (2) drives described scanning strip (4) to be spaced apart distance with linear array and does simple scanning motion.
4. ray detector as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described scanning strip (4) is vertical with described track (1), and each described scanning strip (4) is distributed in described scanning area.
5. the ray detector as described in any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that, also comprises the actuator (5) driving described scanning dolly (2) along described track (1) movement.
6. ray detector as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the leading screw (52) that described actuator (5) comprises drive motors (51) and extends in the same way with described track (1), described scanning dolly (2) and described leading screw (52) are spirally connected, described drive motors (51) drives described leading screw (52) to rotate, to drive described scanning dolly (2) mobile along described track (1).
7. an electronic portal image device, the processor comprising ray detector and be connected with its signal, it is characterized in that, described ray detector is the ray detector described in any one of the claims 1-8, described scanning element (3) is connected with described processor signal, so that the scan-data that described processor obtains according to described scanning element (3) carries out image reconstruction.
8. electronic portal image device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described scan-data comprises strength information and the position signalling of signal, and described scanning element (3) adopts SCD reading circuit to read described scan-data.
9. electronic portal image device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described track (1) is provided with the position sensor (6) for detecting described scanning dolly (2) position, described position sensor (6) is connected with described processor signal, so that described processor scan-data according to the station location marker of described scanning dolly (2).
10. a scan method for electronic portal image device, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
11) drive the scanning dolly being provided with scanning element to move to the other end by one end of scanning area, to complete the scanning to whole scanning area, obtain the image of whole scanning area;
12) according to the size at patient scan position shown in described image, in described scanning area, select a subregion, and scan described subregion;
13) only obtain described subregional data, and rebuild described subregional image.
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Address after: 110179 No. 177-1 Innovation Road, Hunnan District, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Patentee after: Shenyang Neusoft Medical Systems Co.,Ltd. Address before: Hunnan New Century Road 110179 Shenyang city of Liaoning Province, No. 16 Patentee before: SHENYANG NEUSOFT MEDICAL SYSTEMS Co.,Ltd. |
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