CN104274785A - 一种用于手部伤筋的中药制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于手部伤筋的中药制剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104274785A CN104274785A CN201410587045.3A CN201410587045A CN104274785A CN 104274785 A CN104274785 A CN 104274785A CN 201410587045 A CN201410587045 A CN 201410587045A CN 104274785 A CN104274785 A CN 104274785A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于手部伤筋的中药制剂,它是由刘寄奴、凌霄花、虎杖、松节、徐长卿、骨碎补、伸筋草、乳香、没药、自然铜、延胡索、郁金、姜黄、丹参、皂角刺、土鳖虫、水蛭、红花、穿山龙按照一定的重量配比制成,并将原料药水煎,加黄酒适量,热敷于患处,具有活血化瘀,消肿止痛的功效,其制备方法独特,治疗效果显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药制剂,具体涉及一种用于手部伤筋的中药制剂,本发明还涉及该中药制剂的制备方法。
背景技术
伤筋多因斗殴、扭挫等引起。证见伤后局部肿胀疼痛,色呈青紫,甚则关节功能障碍,屈伸不利,在日常生活中是比较常见的一种症状。伤筋一次来源于《素问·宣明五气篇》,是一个中医词汇,中医把除骨骼以外的软组织都称作“筋”。其实多数的骨伤都合并有筋伤,也就是说,四肢和躯干部位的软组织损伤统称为“筋伤”,俗称“伤筋”。依据时间的长短,伤筋又分为急性伤筋和慢性伤筋。一般伤后二周内称为急性伤筋;慢性伤筋一般指急性期失治或治疗不彻底,造成局部隐疼或酸痛、功能障碍,常随劳累及受凉后加重,往往可反复发作。伤筋的整个过程如下:早期症状为疼痛剧烈,局部迅速肿胀,在2~3天内瘀聚凝结,功能障碍。受伤3~4天后为中期,此时瘀血渐化,肿胀开始消退,瘀斑转为青紫,皮肤温热,疼痛渐减。受伤2周后为后期,这时瘀肿大部分消退,瘀斑转为黄褐色,疼痛不明显,功能轻度障碍,此种残余症状,经3~5周消失,功能可恢复。
手部是人体使用最频繁、最灵活的一个部位,也是比较容易伤筋的部位,由于手部在人们生活中的重要性,因此手部伤筋也严重影响到了人们的正常生活,许多人伤筋之后未引起重视,以为过段时间会自动痊愈,其实不然,伤筋如果不进行彻底治疗,会转变成慢性伤筋,特别是在劳累、受凉过后隐痛加剧,严重时会产生功能障碍,因此手部伤筋一定要引起足够的重视。
目前临床上对于伤筋的处理主要采用外敷冰块或贴膏药,以及按摩的方法,但是存在着治疗过程比较繁琐,见效时间慢等缺点,患者不易于接受。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于手部伤筋的中药制剂,该中药制剂对于手部伤筋具有治疗效果好,治愈时间短,价格低廉,使用方便的特点。
发明人在多年的临床医疗实践中,根据该病症的发展规律,以及中药的配伍原则,并通过大量的临床验证,反复探索总结出一种用于手部伤筋的中药制剂的新配方。本发明具有治疗效果好,治愈时间短,价格低廉,使用方便的特点。
本发明中药物的作用:
其中:
刘寄奴:为菊科植物奇蒿(Herba Artemisiae Anomalae)的带花全草。性味:味辛;微苦;性温。归心;肝;脾经。功效:破瘀通经;止血消肿;消食化积。用于经闭,痛经;产后瘀滞腹痛;恶露不尽,症瘕;跌打损伤;金疮出血;风湿痹痛;便血;尿血;痈疮肿毒;烫伤;食积腹痛;泄泻痢疾。
凌霄花:为柴葳科植物凌霄Campsis grandiflora (Thunb.)K. Schum. 或美洲凌霄Campsis radicans (L.)Seem. 的干燥根。性味:根:苦,凉。归肝、心包经。功效:活血散瘀,解毒消肿。用于风湿痹痛,跌打损伤,骨折,脱臼,急性胃肠炎。
虎杖:为蓼科植物虎杖 Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc.,的干燥根茎和根。春、秋二季采挖,除去须根,洗净,趁鲜切短段或厚片,晒干。性味:微苦,微寒。归肝、胆、肺经。功效:祛风利湿,散瘀定痛,止咳化痰。用于关节痹痛,湿热黄疸,经闭,症瘕,水火烫伤,跌扑损伤,痈肿疮毒,咳嗽痰多。临床上常用于治疗风湿痹痛。药物有效成分具有解热镇痛,以及消炎的作用。
松节:为松科植物油松Pinus tabulaeformis Carr、马尾松或云南松的枝干的结节。性味:苦,温。归心、肺经。功能主治:祛风除湿,活络止痛。用于风湿关节痛,腰腿痛,大骨节病,跌打肿痛。《本草汇言》:松节,气温性燥,如足膝筋骨,有风有湿,作痛作酸,痿弱无力者,用此立痊。倘阴虚髓乏,血燥有火者,宜斟酌用之。
徐长卿:为萝藦科牛皮消属植物徐长卿Cynanchum paniculatum (Bge.)Kitag. 的干燥根及根茎。性味:辛,温。归肝、胃经。功效:祛风化湿,止痛止痒。用于风湿痹痛,胃痛胀满,牙痛,腰痛,跌扑损伤,荨麻疹、湿疹。适用于牙痛及跌打损伤疼痛诸症,可单味应用或随症配伍有关药物。
骨碎补:为水龙骨科植物槲蕨Drynaria fortunei (Kunze) J. Sm.的干燥根茎。全年均可采挖,除去泥沙,干燥,或再燎去茸毛(鳞片)。性味:苦,温。归肾、肝经。功效:补肾强骨,续伤止痛。用于肾虚腰痛,耳鸣耳聋,牙齿松动,跌扑闪挫,筋骨折伤;外治斑秃,白癜风。
伸筋草:为石松科石松属植物石松Lycopodium japonicum Thunb.的全草。性味:苦、辛、温。归肝经。功效:祛风除湿、舒筋活络。用于风寒湿痹,筋脉拘挛疼痈。外用治跌打扭伤肿痛。
乳香:为橄榄科乳香树属植物乳香树Boswellia carterii Birdw.[B. sacra Fluek.]、药胶香树B. bhawdajiana Birdw.及其同属植物皮部渗出的树脂。性味:辛、苦、温。归心、肝、脾经。功效:活血止痛、消肿生肌。本品用于疮疡后久不收口,常与与没药配伍,外敷于患处。
没药:为橄榄科没药属植物没药树Commiphora myrrha Engl.[C. molmol Engl.]及同属他种植物的树干皮部渗出的油胶树脂。性味:苦、平。入肝经。功效:散血去瘀,消肿定痛。临床上可用于治疗乳痈。没药偏于活血化瘀,乳香偏于活血伸筋,两者长相须为用。
自然铜:为硫化物类矿物黄铁矿族黄铁矿。主含二硫化铁(FeS2)。性味:辛,平。归肝经。功效:散瘀,接骨,止痛。用于跌扑肿痛,筋骨折伤。主治一切恶疮及火烧烫伤。
延胡索:为罂粟科植物延胡索Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang 的干燥块茎。性味:辛、苦、温。归肝、脾经。功效:活血,利气,止痛。用于胸胁、脘腹疼痛,经闭痛经,产后瘀阻,跌扑肿痛。本品辛散温通,能行血中气滞,气中血滞,活血行气止痛,善治血瘀气滞所致的多种疼痛,其止痛作用优良。《本草求真》中记载:延胡索,不论是血是气,积而不散者,服此力能通达,以其性温,则于气血能行能畅,味辛则于气血能润能散,所以理一身上下诸痛,往往独行功多。
郁金:为姜科植物温郁金Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling、姜黄Curcuma longa L.、广西莪术Curcuma kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang或蓬莪术Curcuma phaeocaulis Val.的干燥块根。性味:辛、苦,寒。归肝、心、肺经。功效:行气化瘀,清心解郁,利胆退黄,凉血破瘀。本品辛散苦泄,性寒清热,能清心解郁开窍。郁金辛开苦降,芳香宣达,性寒又能清热。既入气分以行气解郁,又入血分以凉血祛瘀,为血中之气药。
姜黄:为姜科植物姜黄Curcuma longa L.的干燥根茎。性味:辛、苦,温。归脾、肝经。破血行气,通经止痛。用于胸胁剌痛,闭经,癓瘕,风湿肩臂疼痛,跌扑肿痛。姜黄和郁金配合使用善治臂背痛。
丹参:为双子叶植物唇形科Labiatae鼠尾草属植物丹参Salvia /miltiorrhizaBge的干燥根及根茎。性味:苦,微寒。归经:入心、肝经。功效:活血调经,祛瘀止痛,凉血消痈,清心除烦,养血安神。用于胸肋胁痛,风湿痹痛,症瘕结块。《日华子本草》:养神定志,通利关脉。治冷热劳,骨节疼痛,四肢不遂;排脓止痛,生肌长肉。
皂角刺:为豆科植物皂荚Gleditsia sinensis Lam. 的干燥棘刺。性味:辛,温。归肺、肝经。功效:消肿排脓,活血祛风。皂角刺能引诸药上行,善治上焦之病。
土鳖虫:为鳖蠊科昆虫地鳖Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker或冀地鳖Stelephaga plancyi(Boleny)的雌虫全体。性味:寒,咸;有小毒。归肝经。功效:破瘀血,续筋骨,用于治疗跌打损伤,筋伤骨折,瘀肿疼痛。本品咸寒入血,主入肝经,性善走窜,能活血消肿止痛,续筋接骨疗伤,为伤科常用药,尤多用于骨折筋伤,瘀血肿痛。
水蛭:为水蛭科动物蚂蟥Whitmania pigra Whitman、水蛭Hirudo nipponica Whitman或柳叶蚂蟥Whit-mania acranulata Whitman 的干燥体。性味:咸、苦、平,有小毒。归肝经。具有破血,逐瘀,通经的功效,用于癥瘕痞块,血瘀经闭,跌扑损伤。水蛭咸苦入血分,善于破血逐淤,且力峻效宏,近代临床用治血小板增多症,短时煎服,有一定的疗效。
红花:为菊科植物红花Carthamus tinctorius L.的筒状花冠。性味:温,辛。归心、肝经。功效:活血通经、散瘀止痛。红花辛散温通,专入血分,能活血祛瘀,通经调脉,《本草衍义补遗》:红花,破留血,养血。多用则破血,少用则养血。
穿山龙:为薯蓣科植物穿龙薯蓣Dioscorea nipponica Makino的根茎。性味:平;苦。归肝;肺经。功效:祛风除湿;活血通络;止咳。主风湿痹前;肢体麻木;胸痹心痛;慢性气管炎;跌打损伤;虐疾;痈肿。
本发明的方解是:方中破瘀通经,凌霄花活血散瘀,虎杖散瘀定痛,松节活络止痛,徐长卿祛风止痛,以上五味共为君药,手部伤筋最主要的症状就是疼痛,君药一方面对患处进行止痛,意在缓解患者的病痛,控制病情,另一方面又可以活血化瘀,舒筋通络,从根本上促进患处的恢复,解除疼痛的根源。骨碎补补肾强骨,续伤止痛,伸筋草舒筋活络,乳香、没药活血止痛、消肿生肌,自然铜接骨止痛,延胡索活血行气,以上六味共为臣药,不但可以增加君药活血祛瘀,消肿止痛的功效,而且滋补肝肾,肝藏血养筋,肾主骨生髓,肝血不足则筋失所养,肾精亏虚则骨失所立,药物补肝肾以壮筋骨,可解除症状。郁金、姜黄两者相互配合使用可通经止痛、行气化瘀,丹参活血祛瘀,皂角刺消肿排脓,土鳖虫、水蛭破瘀血、续筋骨,红花散瘀止痛,穿山龙活血通络,以上几味为佐药,辅佐君药活血行气,血为气母,血瘀气滞疏通则疼痛消除,并且对伤筋处的肿胀,淤青具有良好的效果,加快患处的康复。此方诸药合用,君臣协力,佐使共辅,具有活血化瘀,消肿止痛的功效,能够有效治疗手部伤筋。
本发明药物原料用量是经发明人进行大量摸索总结得出的,各原料用量为在下述重量份范围都具有较好的疗效:刘寄奴13-23份、凌霄花7-17份、虎杖15-25份、松节10-20份、徐长卿13-23份、骨碎补15-25份、伸筋草19-29份、乳香7-17份、没药7-17份、自然铜10-20份、延胡索13-23份、郁金10-20份、姜黄15-25份、丹参15-25份、皂角刺19-29份、土鳖虫7-17份、水蛭4-14份、红花5-15份、穿山龙13-23份。
其中优选为:刘寄奴18份、凌霄花12份、虎杖20份、松节15份、徐长卿18份、骨碎补20份、伸筋草24份、乳香12份、没药12份、自然铜15份、延胡索18份、郁金15份、姜黄20份、丹参20份、皂角刺24份、土鳖虫12份、水蛭9份、红花10份、穿山龙18份。
一种用于手部伤筋的中药制剂的制备方法如下:
步骤一:先将自然铜用醋进行煅烧,将自然铜放入置坩埚内煅至红透,倾入米醋中淬酥,取出,再煅烧淬酥一次,至光泽消失为度,晒干后,碾为粗末,备用;
步骤二:按本发明重量配比,称取凌霄花、虎杖、松节、徐长卿、骨碎补、郁金、姜黄、丹参、穿山龙放入非铁质容器中,加入用纱布包好的乳香和没药,以及步骤一中所得段自然铜粉末,加入10倍体积的水,先用武火将水煎开,然后转为文火,煎煮1小时,然后将刘寄奴、伸筋草、延胡索、皂角刺加上包好的土鳖虫和水蛭,放入锅内煎煮0.5小时,最后加入红花煎煮约10分钟,过滤,得滤液,备用;
步骤三:在步骤一所得药液中加入适量黄酒,既得本发明所述治疗手部伤筋的外用制剂。
本发明使用方法:水煎,过滤去渣,加黄酒适量,将棉布浸于药液中,让其充分吸收药物后取出,趁热外敷于患处。一天一次,5日为一个疗程。
本发明药物具有活血化瘀,消肿止痛的功效,且治疗效果好,治愈时间短,价格低廉,使用方便,该中药制剂采用的方式治疗可以解除患者因手部疼痛带来的生活上面的不便,减轻患者的病痛,据对临床150例患者观察统计,使用本发明药物一个疗程总有效率86%,两个疗程总有效率96%。
具体实施方式
实施例一、刘寄奴13份、凌霄花7份、虎杖15份、松节10份、徐长卿13份、骨碎补15份、伸筋草19份、乳香7份、没药7份、自然铜10份、延胡索13份、郁金10份、姜黄15份、丹参15份、皂角刺19份、土鳖虫7份、水蛭4份、红花5份、穿山龙13份。
实施例二、刘寄奴18份、凌霄花12份、虎杖20份、松节15份、徐长卿18份、骨碎补20份、伸筋草24份、乳香12份、没药12份、自然铜15份、延胡索18份、郁金15份、姜黄20份、丹参20份、皂角刺24份、土鳖虫12份、水蛭9份、红花10份、穿山龙18份。
实施例三、刘寄奴23份、凌霄花17份、虎杖25份、松节20份、徐长卿23份、骨碎补25份、伸筋草29份、乳香17份、没药17份、自然铜20份、延胡索23份、郁金20份、姜黄25份、丹参25份、皂角刺29份、土鳖虫17份、水蛭14份、红花15份、穿山龙23份。
下面是患者使用本发明药物的临床统计资料:
一、一般资料
收治门诊患者300例,将患者随机分为观察组和对照组,其中男性156例,女性144例,男女比例1.08:1,最大年龄70岁,最小年龄10岁,病程几天年到几年年不等。两组患者年龄、性别、病程等各项基本资料基本相同,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
二、中医诊断标准
1、手部局部疼痛及压痛明显,凡引起筋肉牵张的动作(主动或被动),均可加重疼痛,局部可有不同程度的肿胀或瘀斑;
2、若拖延时间较长,手部常为钝性疼痛,或作某一动作时方引起疼痛。压痛轻,无肿胀或微肿或傍晚肿胀早上消退,可有筋肉萎缩、***,关节活动不利或关节松弛无力;
3、部分患者会出现手部压痛范围广泛,难以指出痛的集中点,常可于活动后减轻疼痛,但活动过多则可加重疼痛。局部筋肉可有肿胀、强硬、或呈索条样变,亦可有肌肉萎缩无力,功能活动可有不同程度障碍。病人每逢阴雨天症状加重,不少病人对天气变化有预感。
三、治疗方法:
1、观察组按照本发明药物实施例二,称取原料药(一日剂量),水煎,过滤去渣,加黄酒适量,将棉布浸于药液中,让其充分吸收药物后取出,趁热外敷于患处。一天一次,5日为一个疗程;
2、对照组采用常规西药治疗方法,治疗观察期为5天。
四、疗效评定标准:
1、治愈:临床症状消失,手部运动自如,手部功能恢复正常,3个月内未在发生疼痛;
2、好转:临床症状明显好转,运动明显进步,工作基本没有影响,治疗1个月内疼痛未再加重;
3、无效:治疗前后临床症状没有任何好转。
五、观察组结果统计
对照组结果统计
其中:总有效率=治愈率+好转率
使用该中药制剂两个疗程两组患者的疗效对比情况
通过对比两组患者的治疗总有效率可以发现观察组明显高于对照组,由此说明,本发明中药在治疗手部伤筋具有良好的临床效果,能有效提高治疗的治愈率,值得在临床应用上推广。
典型病例及疗效:
病例一、患者刘某,男,26岁,平时爱和别人比力气,在一次掰手腕过程中右手扭伤到筋,刚开始并没有在意,比赛结束后,每次右手用力的时候便会疼痛,患者用了一周的药膏贴在患处,疼痛稍有减轻,但是不明显,后公司派去出差,出差期间没有继续贴药膏,疼痛加剧,病情反复,后开我处就诊,采用本发明实施例二中所制制剂,以及所选的制备方法,患者使用几天后疼痛现象便有所减轻,手部可以做一些小动作,使用一个疗程,右手疼痛肿胀均有明显的减轻,为巩固疗效,继续使用一个疗程,患者疼痛现象完全消失,手部用力未出现任何不适,随访半年,未见复发,痊愈。
病例二、患者吴某,女,10岁,在学校和小朋友打闹时,不小心牛伤到左手,导致左手持续疼痛,回家后左手手部淤青肿胀,触之即痛,家长带其在社区诊所进行治疗,治疗效果甚微,后在我处就诊,采用本发明实施例二中所制制剂,以及所选的制备方法,在治疗一个疗程之后,左手能正常活动,淤青肿胀慢慢散去,二个疗程后,皮肤恢复如初,疼痛、肿胀、淤青现象彻底治愈,又恢复了以前的活泼可爱,随后的半年的随访,未复发,治愈。
病例三、患者李某,女,50岁,在晨跑中不慎摔倒,身体压到右手手腕,手腕处迅速肿胀,淤青,去医院进行简单的伤口处理,右手部拍片并未发现异常,回家后手腕处疼痛厉害,经过社区的诊所和推拿,均无显著效果,后就在我处就诊,采用本发明实施例二中所制制剂,以及所选的制备方法,在治疗一个疗程后,右手能活动自如,三个疗程后,彻底治愈,半年随访,未复发,治愈。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于手部伤筋的中药制剂,其特征在于,该中药制剂是由以下重量份的药物制成:刘寄奴13-23份、凌霄花7-17份、虎杖15-25份、松节10-20份、徐长卿13-23份、骨碎补15-25份、伸筋草19-29份、乳香7-17份、没药7-17份、自然铜10-20份、延胡索13-23份、郁金10-20份、姜黄15-25份、丹参15-25份、皂角刺19-29份、土鳖虫7-17份、水蛭4-14份、红花5-15份、穿山龙13-23份。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于手部伤筋的中药制剂,其特征在于,由以下重量份的药物制成:刘寄奴18份、凌霄花12份、虎杖20份、松节15份、徐长卿18份、骨碎补20份、伸筋草24份、乳香12份、没药12份、自然铜15份、延胡索18份、郁金15份、姜黄20份、丹参20份、皂角刺24份、土鳖虫12份、水蛭9份、红花10份、穿山龙18份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于手部伤筋的中药制剂,其特征在于:所述中药制剂为外用制剂。
4. 一种用于手部伤筋的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于,制备方法如下:步骤一:先将自然铜用醋进行煅烧,将自然铜放入置坩埚内煅至红透,倾入米醋中淬酥,取出,再煅烧淬酥一次,至光泽消失为度,晒干后,碾为粗末,备用;步骤二:按本发明重量配比,称取凌霄花、虎杖、松节、徐长卿、骨碎补、郁金、姜黄、丹参、穿山龙放入非铁质容器中,加入用纱布包好的乳香和没药,以及步骤一中所得段自然铜粉末,加入10倍体积的水,先用武火将水煎开,然后转为文火,煎煮1小时,然后将刘寄奴、伸筋草、延胡索、皂角刺加上包好的土鳖虫和水蛭,放入锅内煎煮0.5小时,最后加入红花煎煮约10分钟,过滤,得滤液,备用;步骤三:在步骤一所得药液中加入适量黄酒,既得本发明所述治疗手部伤筋的外用制剂。
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CN105688090A (zh) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-06-22 | 董书兰 | 一种缓解小儿关节过度活动综合征的中药制剂及制备方法 |
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CN105688090A (zh) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-06-22 | 董书兰 | 一种缓解小儿关节过度活动综合征的中药制剂及制备方法 |
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