CN104269850A - Control method for active harmonic resistor applied to shunt capacitor - Google Patents

Control method for active harmonic resistor applied to shunt capacitor Download PDF

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CN104269850A
CN104269850A CN201410369844.3A CN201410369844A CN104269850A CN 104269850 A CN104269850 A CN 104269850A CN 201410369844 A CN201410369844 A CN 201410369844A CN 104269850 A CN104269850 A CN 104269850A
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current
harmonic
resistance
harmonic wave
wave resistance
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CN104269850B (en
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张凯
雷万钧
张祥
王跃
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1821Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40Arrangements for reducing harmonics

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method for an active harmonic resistor applied to a shunt capacitor. The control method includes the steps that (1) the optimal harmonic resistance ru is obtained according to power grid impedance Zs and reactive power compensation network impedance Zf; (2) a reactive power compensation branch current If is detected, a harmonic current Ifh is obtained through a detecting algorithm according to the reactive power compensation branch current If, and then a harmonic voltage instruction is obtained according to the optimal harmonic resistance ru and the harmonic current Ifh; (3) converter direct-current side voltage is detected, and a fundamental wave voltage instruction is obtained by multiplying the difference value between the converter direct-current side voltage and a preset voltage value by the phase of a converter alternating-current side current; (4) the result obtained by adding the fundamental wave voltage instruction and the harmonic voltage instruction is subtracted from a converter alternating-current side voltage feedback signal, error accumulation is conducted on the subtracted result, harmonic voltage is generated according to the error accumulation result, and the active harmonic resistor is controlled according to the harmonic voltage to suppress harmonic vibration. The active harmonic resistor is controlled so that harmonic vibration can be suppressed, and operation is simple.

Description

A kind of control method being applied to the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor
Technical field
The invention belongs to the power quality control technology field of electric power system, relate to a kind of control method being applied to the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor.
Background technology
In electric power system, shunt capacitor is usually used for carrying out reactive power compensation.But along with the extensive use of nonlinear load in electric power system; harmonic current and harmonic voltage can be produced, add electrical network background harmonics, all can cause reactive-load compensation capacitor and power network line inductance generation resonance; trigger the harmonic protection of shunt capacitor and trip, affecting normal reactive power compensation.
Under normal circumstances, series reactor can be connect to suppress resonance at capacitor.The method for designing of series reactor is as follows: when the most low order of mains by harmonics content is 3 times, series reactor capacity is 12% of shunt capacitor; When the most low order of mains by harmonics content is 5 times, series reactor capacity is 5% of shunt capacitor.Such effect is that reactive power compensation branch road always presents perception at humorous wave band, and harmonic current can not be exaggerated.But this method has certain limitation, when mains by harmonics frequency spectrum changes, series reactor can not ensure that idle branch road always presents perception at all humorous wave bands, and harmonic wave still has exaggerated possibility.And the capacity changing series reactor frequently can to practical operation bringing very burden.Another kind method uses hybrid active electric filter to carry out resonance suppression, but compound filter is very sensitive to system parameters, and the change of system parameters can make its control effects be deteriorated.In addition, in high-pressure system, can set up voltage-current sensor, mutually deserved cost can improve, and is unfavorable for the popularization of compound filter.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the shortcoming overcoming above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of control method being applied to the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor, this control method is by suppressing the control realization resonance of active harmonics resistance, simple to operate, when being applied to bulk power grid reactive power compensation, the impact that can reduce active loss and reduce reactive compensation capacity while effective damping resonance.
For achieving the above object, the control method being applied to the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1) electric network impedance Z is obtained sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z f, then according to electric network impedance Z sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z fobtain optimum harmonic wave resistance r u;
2) reactive power compensation branch current I is detected f, then according to reactive power compensation branch current I fharmonic current I is obtained by detection algorithm fh, then according to optimum harmonic wave resistance r uand harmonic current I fhobtain harmonic voltage instruction (U ah, U bh, U ch);
3) detect current transformer DC voltage, then the difference of current transformer DC voltage and preset voltage value is multiplied by the phase place of AC side of converter electric current, obtains fundamental voltage instruction (U af, U bf, U cf);
4) by fundamental voltage instruction (U af, U bf, U cf) and harmonic voltage instruction (U ah, U bh, U ch) result that is added and AC side of converter voltage feedback signal subtract each other, then carry out deviation accumulation to the result of subtracting each other, and generate harmonic voltage according to the result of deviation accumulation, then suppresses resonance according to described harmonic voltage control active harmonics resistance.
Step 1) concrete operations be:
11) electric network impedance Z is obtained sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z f, then according to electric network impedance Z sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z fobtain grid current harmonic content I sh_rmsand reactive current harmonic content I fh_rmsrespectively with the functional relation of harmonic wave resistance r, then demand is protected to obtain minimum harmonic wave resistance r according to described functional relation and Shunt Capacitor Harmonic min;
12) when current transformer exists switch time delay and sampling time delay, the transfer function of active harmonics resistance r is wherein, T wfor switch periods, T sfor the sampling period, s is continuous frequency domain variable, draw the bode figure of harmonic wave resistance open-loop transfer function again according to the transfer function r (s) of described active harmonics resistance r, and obtain maximum harmonic wave resistance r according to the bode of described harmonic wave resistance open-loop transfer function figure and system stability sexual demand max;
13) the energy P that feeds back in first-harmonic section of harmonic wave resistance r rf=P rh-P loss, wherein, P rhfor the energy that harmonic wave resistance r absorbs at humorous wave band, P lossfor the loss of current transformer, then according to the energy P that harmonic wave resistance r feeds back in first-harmonic section rfand feedback energy demand obtains optimum harmonic wave resistance r u, wherein, optimum harmonic wave resistance r uresistance be positioned at maximum harmonic wave resistance r maxresistance and minimum harmonic wave resistance r minresistance between.
Step 2) concrete operations be:
Detect idle branch current, obtain a phase current I of idle branch road a, b phase current I band c phase current I c, a phase current I of described idle branch road a, b phase current I band c phase current I cfirst-harmonic composition electric current I is obtained successively after CLARKE conversion, PARK conversion, low pass filter filtering process, PARK inverse transformation, CLARKE inverse transformation af, electric current I bfand electric current I cf, then by electric current I af, electric current I bfand electric current I cfrespectively with a phase current I of idle branch road a, b phase current I band c phase current I csubtract each other to obtain harmonic components electric current I ah, electric current I bhand electric current I ch, then by electric current I ah, electric current I bhand electric current I chrespectively with optimum harmonic wave resistance r ube multiplied, obtain harmonic voltage instruction (U ah, U bh, U ch).
Step 11) concrete operations be:
Obtain electric network impedance Z sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z f, then according to electric network impedance Z sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z fobtain power network current I sthan load current I lgain then according to power network current than load current gain G sand each harmonic content I in nonlinear load lhobtain grid current harmonic content I sh_rms:
I sh _ rms = Σ I sh 2 - - - ( 1 )
Wherein, I shfor mains by harmonics electric current;
Idle branch current is than load current gain according to idle branch current than load current gain G fand each harmonic content I in nonlinear load lhobtain reactive current harmonic content ifh_rms:
I fh _ rms = Σ I fh 2 - - - ( 2 )
Wherein, I fhfor idle branch road individual harmonic current;
Minimum harmonic wave resistance r is obtained according to formula (1), formula (2) and Shunt Capacitor Harmonic protection demand min.
Step 12) concrete operations be:
When there is switch time delay and sampling time delay in current transformer, harmonic wave resistance wherein, T wfor switch periods, T sfor the sampling period, then system open loop transfer function G o ( s ) = r ( T w 2 s + 1 ) ( T s 2 s + 1 ) ( Z s + Z f ) , Draw the bode figure of harmonic wave resistance open-loop transfer function, obtain maximum harmonic wave resistance r according to stability and system stability sexual demand max.
The energy that described harmonic wave resistance r absorbs at humorous wave band
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
The control method being applied to the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor of the present invention replaces traditional series reactor by current transformer, harmonic voltage is controlled by detecting harmonic current, resonance suppression is carried out by controlling active harmonics resistance at humorous wave band, thus obtain the effect of good resonance suppression, and can energy be saved, simultaneously, relative to traditional series reactor, active harmonics resistance can still can effective damping resonance when mains by harmonics changes, and reactive power compensation is not affected substantially, there is good engineer applied meaning, and when being applied to bulk power grid reactive power compensation, the impact that can reduce active loss and reduce reactive compensation capacity while effective damping resonance.When concrete operations, current transformer detects its port voltage of Current Control of idle branch road, presents resistance characteristic at humorous wave band, in first-harmonic section to electrical network feedback energy, then choose optimum harmonic wave resistance, prevent resonance from causing power network current to exceed standard and shunt capacitor overcurrent, realize damping function.When shunt capacitor generation switching, harmonic wave resistance can be optimized and revised accordingly, and when in load current, harmonic spectrum changes, active harmonics resistance still effectively can must carry out the resonance between damping electric network impedance and shunt capacitor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of active harmonics resistance of the present invention;
Fig. 2 (a) is for grid current harmonic content perunit value under active harmonics resistor control mode in the present invention is with harmonic wave resistance change curves;
Fig. 2 (b) is for branch current harmonic content perunit value idle under active harmonics resistor control mode in the present invention is with harmonic wave resistance change curves;
Fig. 3 is the bode figure that in the present invention, active harmonics resistance controls lower open-loop transfer function;
Fig. 4 is active harmonics resistance energy spectrometer in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that energy that in the present invention, active harmonics resistance feeds back in first-harmonic section is with harmonic wave resistance change curves;
Fig. 6 is load current, power network current, idle branch current when adding active harmonics resistance in the present invention;
Fig. 7 is load current when adding active harmonics resistance in the present invention, power network current, idle branch current each harmonic content block diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
With reference to figure 1, the control method being applied to the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1) electric network impedance Z is obtained sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z f, then according to electric network impedance Z sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z fobtain optimum harmonic wave resistance r u;
2) reactive power compensation branch current I is detected f, then according to reactive power compensation branch current I fharmonic current I is obtained by detection algorithm fh, then according to optimum harmonic wave resistance r uand harmonic current I fhobtain harmonic voltage instruction (U ah, U bh, U ch);
3) detect current transformer DC voltage, then the difference of current transformer DC voltage and preset voltage value is multiplied by the phase place of AC side of converter electric current, obtains fundamental voltage instruction (U af, U bf, U cf);
4) by fundamental voltage instruction (U af, U bf, U cx) with harmonic voltage instruction (U ah, U bh, U ch) result that is added and AC side of converter voltage feedback signal subtract each other, then carry out deviation accumulation to the result of subtracting each other, and generate harmonic voltage according to the result of deviation accumulation, then suppresses resonance according to described harmonic voltage control active harmonics resistance.
Step 1) concrete operations be:
11) electric network impedance Z is obtained sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z f, then according to electric network impedance Z sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z fobtain grid current harmonic content I sh_rmsand reactive current harmonic content I fh_rmsrespectively with the functional relation of harmonic wave resistance r, then demand is protected to obtain minimum harmonic wave resistance r according to described functional relation and Shunt Capacitor Harmonic min;
12) when current transformer exists switch time delay and sampling time delay, the transfer function of active harmonics resistance r is wherein, T wfor switch periods, T sfor the sampling period, s is continuous frequency domain variable, draw the bode figure of harmonic wave resistance open-loop transfer function again according to the transfer function r (s) of described active harmonics resistance r, and obtain maximum harmonic wave resistance r according to the bode of described harmonic wave resistance open-loop transfer function figure and system stability sexual demand max;
13) the energy P that feeds back in first-harmonic section of harmonic wave resistance r rf=P rh-P loss, wherein, P rhfor the energy that harmonic wave resistance r absorbs at humorous wave band, P lossfor the loss of current transformer, then according to the energy P that harmonic wave resistance r feeds back in first-harmonic section rfand feedback energy demand obtains optimum harmonic wave resistance r u, wherein, optimum harmonic wave resistance r uresistance be positioned at maximum harmonic wave resistance r maxresistance and minimum harmonic wave resistance r minresistance between.
Such as: with reference to figure 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) according to Shunt Capacitor Harmonic protection requirement, can show that minimum harmonic wave resistance is 3.5 ohm.When sample frequency and switching frequency all get 10kHz, when r gets 15 ohm, draw the bode figure of harmonic wave resistance open-loop transfer function, as shown in Figure 3, now system is in neutrality, and namely maximum harmonic wave resistance is 15 ohm.As shown in Figure 5, harmonic wave resistance optimal value 6 ohm here, and in the interval of harmonic wave resistance;
Step 2) concrete operations be:
Detect idle branch current, obtain a phase current I of idle branch road a, b phase current I band c phase current I c, a phase current I of described idle branch road a, b phase current I band c phase current I cfirst-harmonic composition electric current I is obtained successively after CLARKE conversion, PARK conversion, low pass filter filtering process, PARK inverse transformation, CLARKE inverse transformation af, electric current I bfand electric current I cf, then by electric current I af, electric current I bfand electric current I cfrespectively with a phase current I of idle branch road a, b phase current I band c phase current I csubtract each other to obtain harmonic components electric current I ah, electric current I bhand electric current I ch, then by electric current I ah, electric current I bhand electric current I chrespectively with optimum harmonic wave resistance r ube multiplied, obtain harmonic voltage instruction (U ah, U bh, U ch).
Step 11) concrete operations be:
Obtain electric network impedance Z sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z f, then according to electric network impedance Z sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z fobtain power network current I sthan load current I lgain then according to power network current than load current gain G sand each harmonic content I in nonlinear load lhobtain grid current harmonic content I sh_rms:
I sh _ rms = Σ I sh 2 - - - ( 1 )
Wherein, I shfor mains by harmonics electric current;
Idle branch current is than load current gain according to idle branch current than load current gain G fand each harmonic content I in nonlinear load lhobtain reactive current harmonic content I fh_rms:
I fh _ rms = Σ I fh 2 - - - ( 2 )
Wherein, I fhfor idle branch road individual harmonic current;
Minimum harmonic wave resistance r is obtained according to formula (1), formula (2) and Shunt Capacitor Harmonic protection demand min.
Step 12) concrete operations be:
When there is switch time delay and sampling time delay in current transformer, harmonic wave resistance wherein, T wfor switch periods, T sfor the sampling period, then system open loop transfer function G o ( s ) = r ( T w 2 s + 1 ) ( T s 2 s + 1 ) ( Z s + Z f ) , Draw the bode figure of harmonic wave resistance open-loop transfer function, obtain maximum harmonic wave resistance r according to stability and system stability sexual demand max.
With reference to figure 4, the energy that described harmonic wave resistance r absorbs at humorous wave band
Emulation experiment
Circuit parameter is arranged as following table:
Us Z s C f Z f
380V 0.52mH 200uF 0.25mH
Harmonic source is designed to: according to Utility grid harmonic standard---GBT 14549-1993, and each harmonic content allowing user to inject under 0.38KV is as follows:
Under current electric grid impedance, as shown in the table after harmonic current conversion:
System parameters sets up, and load is chosen as ohmic load 18 ohm under diode uncontrollable rectifier bridge.Power network current under observation active harmonics resistor control mode and the damping situation of idle branch current.
After adding active harmonics resistance, load current, power network current and idle branch current are as shown in Figure 6, can find out that power network current and idle branch current harmonic content obviously reduce, each harmonic amplifies situation as shown in Figure 7, and active harmonics resistance control strategy can effective damping resonance.

Claims (6)

1. be applied to a control method for the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) electric network impedance Z is obtained sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z f, then according to electric network impedance Z sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z fobtain optimum harmonic wave resistance r u;
2) reactive power compensation branch current I is detected f, then according to reactive power compensation branch current I fharmonic current I is obtained by detection algorithm fh, then according to optimum harmonic wave resistance r uand harmonic current I fhobtain harmonic voltage instruction (U ah, U bh, U ch);
3) detect current transformer DC voltage, then the difference of current transformer DC voltage and preset voltage value is multiplied by the phase place of AC side of converter electric current, obtains fundamental voltage instruction (U af, U bf, U cf);
4) by fundamental voltage instruction (U af, U bf, U cf) and harmonic voltage instruction (U ah, U bh, U ch) result that is added and AC side of converter voltage feedback signal subtract each other, then carry out deviation accumulation to the result of subtracting each other, and generate harmonic voltage according to the result of deviation accumulation, then suppresses resonance according to described harmonic voltage control active harmonics resistance.
2. the control method being applied to the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 1) concrete operations be:
11) electric network impedance Z is obtained sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z f, then according to electric network impedance Z sand reactive power compensation network impedance Z fobtain grid current harmonic content I sh_rmsand reactive current harmonic content I fh_fmsrespectively with the functional relation of harmonic wave resistance r, then demand is protected to obtain minimum harmonic wave resistance r according to described functional relation and Shunt Capacitor Harmonic min;
12) when current transformer exists switch time delay and sampling time delay, the transfer function of active harmonics resistance r is wherein, T wfor switch periods, T sfor the sampling period, s is continuous frequency domain variable, draw the bode figure of harmonic wave resistance open-loop transfer function again according to the transfer function r (s) of described active harmonics resistance r, and obtain maximum harmonic wave resistance r according to the bode of described harmonic wave resistance open-loop transfer function figure and system stability sexual demand max;
13) the energy P that feeds back in first-harmonic section of harmonic wave resistance r rf=P rh-P loss, wherein, P rhfor the energy that harmonic wave resistance r absorbs at humorous wave band, P lossfor the loss of current transformer, then according to the energy P that harmonic wave resistance r feeds back in first-harmonic section rfand feedback energy demand obtains optimum harmonic wave resistance r u, wherein, optimum harmonic wave resistance r uresistance be positioned at maximum harmonic wave resistance r maxresistance and minimum harmonic wave resistance r minresistance between.
3. the control method being applied to the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) concrete operations be:
Detect idle branch current, obtain a phase current I of idle branch road a, b phase current I band c phase current I c, a phase current I of described idle branch road a, b phase current I band c phase current I cfirst-harmonic composition electric current I is obtained successively after CLARKE conversion, PARK conversion, low pass filter filtering process, PARK inverse transformation, CLARKE inverse transformation af, electric current I bfand electric current I cf, then by electric current I af, electric current I bfand electric current I cfrespectively with a phase current I of idle branch road a, b phase current I band c phase current I csubtract each other to obtain harmonic components electric current I ah, electric current I bhand electric current I ch, then by electric current I ah, electric current I bhand electric current I chrespectively with optimum harmonic wave resistance r ube multiplied, obtain harmonic voltage instruction (U ah, U bh, U ch).
4. the control method being applied to the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor according to claim 2, is characterized in that, step 11) concrete operations be:
Obtain electric network impedance Z sand idle branch impedance Z f, then according to electric network impedance Z sand idle branch impedance Z fobtain power network current I sthan load current I lgain then according to power network current than load current gain G sand each harmonic content I in nonlinear load lhobtain grid current harmonic content I sh_rms:
I sh _ rms = Σ I sh 2 - - - ( 1 )
Wherein, I shfor electrical network individual harmonic current;
Idle branch current is than load current gain according to idle branch current than load current gain G fand each harmonic content I in nonlinear load lhobtain reactive current harmonic content I fh_rms:
I fh _ rms = Σ I fh 2 - - - ( 2 )
Wherein, I fhfor idle branch road individual harmonic current; Minimum harmonic wave resistance r is obtained according to formula (1), formula (2) and Shunt Capacitor Harmonic protection demand min.
5. the control method being applied to the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor according to claim 2, is characterized in that, step 12) concrete operations be:
When there is switch time delay and sampling time delay in current transformer; Harmonic wave resistance wherein, T wfor switch periods, T sfor the sampling period, then system open loop transfer function draw the bode figure of harmonic wave resistance open-loop transfer function, obtain maximum harmonic wave resistance r according to stability and system stability sexual demand max.
6. the control method being applied to the active harmonics resistance of shunt capacitor according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the energy that described harmonic wave resistance r absorbs at humorous wave band
CN201410369844.3A 2014-07-30 2014-07-30 A kind of control method of the active harmonics resistance being applied to shnt capacitor Active CN104269850B (en)

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