CN104268345B - A kind of overall process transient emulation method of support micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of overall process transient emulation method of support micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing, program results based on micro-capacitance sensor planning software carries out micro-capacitance sensor models in PSCAD/EMTDC simulation softwares and builds, transient emulation under the various operating modes of micro-capacitance sensor is completed by micro-capacitance sensor overall process transient emulation method, data analysis and waveform analysis are carried out to simulation result using the method for being proposed, judge micro-capacitance sensor operation characteristic under in such a configuration and feedback compensation is carried out to micro battery capacity, and improvement project is proposed to the device configuration of micro-capacitance sensor according to analysis result, obtain reliable and stable micro-capacitance sensor program results.The present invention has considered micro-capacitance sensor basic equipment, can meet the micro-capacitance sensor planning under various conditions and operating mode, and relevance grade is very high；And the present invention carries out micro-capacitance sensor and plans anti-school support from micro-capacitance sensor transient stability angle, the limitation of original micro-capacitance sensor planing method is solved, with practicality and engineering application value very high.

Description

A kind of overall process transient emulation method of support micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing

Technical field

A kind of overall process transient emulation method for supporting micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing belongs to micro-grid system planning field, more Saying for body, is on realizing the method that effective micro-capacitance sensor is planned with micro-capacitance sensor large disturbances transient emulation mode.

Background technology

Micro-capacitance sensor (MG) is a kind of to increase the new of regenerative resource and distributed energy permeability in energy supply system Emerging energy transmission mode, its by different types of distributed power source, energy-storage system, the user terminal of load and correlation control System, protection device etc. are constituted.The micro grid control system control targe to be reached is：Realize that micro-capacitance sensor is grid-connected with bulk power grid Stable operation, micro power can ensure to exert oneself according to predetermined value；Smooth realizes the grid-connected to island operation state of micro-capacitance sensor Switching, while ensure that the stable islet operation of micro-capacitance sensor；Having in micro-capacitance sensor under various patterns is ensured during islet operation Work(and reactive power equilibrium, maintain micro-capacitance sensor voltage and frequency stabilization.

Realize the safe and stable operation of micro-capacitance sensor, it is necessary to have rational micro-capacitance sensor planning and rational micro-capacitance sensor control strategy Make basis.Micro-capacitance sensor planning includes distributed electrical source category with power configuration, energy-storage system species and power configuration, auxiliary equipment Configuration etc., also designs including micro-capacitance sensor main connection mode design, micro-capacitance sensor control strategy.Rational planning and designing be ensure micro-capacitance sensor and Outside power distribution network is safe and reliable, economical operation, and improves the basis of clean energy resource utilization ratio.

At present, the research of micro-capacitance sensor planning is concentrated mainly on planning system and the planning algorithm research to micro-capacitance sensor.Planning Architectural study is broadly divided into isolated island planning and grid-connected planning and isolated island grid-connection comprehensive considers planning, studies the choosing of distributed power source The determination of location constant volume, micro-capacitance sensor capacity, and consider the planning of economy, reliability and environmental benefit；Due to plan model about Beam condition is more, and planning algorithm research is concentrated mainly on intelligent algorithm solution aspect.The planning of existing micro-capacitance sensor be all mostly with Economy is total optimization aim, using dominant eigenvalues, active balance, voltage pulsation, capacity ratio etc. as constraints, is obtained Go out the reasonable disposition capacity of the micro batteries such as wind-light storage.

However, existing micro-capacitance sensor program results simply show the configuration result of micro battery, not from the stabilization of power grids Property angle further analyzes program results its feasibility.Concretely, the capacity result that is drawn by intelligent algorithm is simultaneously differed Surely the service requirement of micro-capacitance sensor is met, such as：The reactive balance problem of micro-capacitance sensor, the transient state and dynamic stability of micro-capacitance sensor operation Problem, micro-capacitance sensor device parameter select permeability etc..These problems are likely to cause micro-capacitance sensor to run unstability, therefore micro-capacitance sensor Transient state operation modeling simulation analysis in planning to micro-capacitance sensor are indispensable links.

The content of the invention

Technical problem：For the problem that prior art is present, the present invention proposes a kind of transient state for supporting micro-capacitance sensor to plan Emulation mode.Based on the optimal capacity configuration result of micro-capacitance sensor planning software, entered data into by parameter interface imitative In true software PSCAD/EMTDC, the distributed power source of the capacity containing correspondence is carried out in power system simulation software PSCAD/EMTDC The foundation of micro-capacitance sensor models.Testing for transient stability under the various operating modes of micro-capacitance sensor is completed by a step overall process transient emulation Card, and by emulating data and waveform analysis draws micro-capacitance sensor characteristic being currently configured under, propose that the engineering that micro-capacitance sensor is planned is built If property opinion, including the configuration of micro battery capacity, device category, device parameter selection etc., and feed back in capacity configuration software.

Technical scheme：A kind of overall process transient emulation method of support micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing, the transient emulation method The simulating, verifying of the distributed power source configuration result suitable for micro-capacitance sensor planning, for carrying out anti-school to configuration result, including Following steps：

(1) based on the optimal capacity configuration result of planning software, optimal capacity configuration result data is imported into imitative In true software PSCAD/EMTDC；

(2) the accurate transient Model of micro-capacitance sensor is set up in simulation software PSCAD/EMTDC, and is completed by main connection mode design The foundation of micro-grid system；

(3) micro-capacitance sensor overall process transient emulation：In a whole process simulation time segment completion system initialization, it is grid-connected Operation, grid-connected network process, islet operation and the isolated island of leaving turn and five stages of network process, and re-segmenting is complete in every time Calculated into Load flow calculation, stability Calculation, short circuit calculation and reactive-load compensation, four aspects that a step completes Transient calculation are required；

Specifically：Load flow calculation and reactive-load compensation are calculated by data analysing method completion, stability Calculation and short circuit calculation Completed by wave analyzing device；

A data analysing methods

In the case of steady-state operation, by formula (1) investigation, micro-capacitance sensor runs feelings under optimal capacity configuration described in step (1) Condition, checks whether various elements can meet operating requirement, and whether each measurement point electric voltage frequency meets and want in inspection micro-capacitance sensor Ask；

In formula, M (t) is data analysis decision function；

U_i,tIt is the voltage of t measurement point i；

U_refIt is nominal reference voltage value；

f_tIt is micro-capacitance sensor in the system frequency of t；

f_refIt is nominal reference frequency value；

N is micro-capacitance sensor broad sense micro battery number；

After a whole process simulation, the value for calculating M (t) compares with reference value, estimates micro-capacitance sensor stable operation situation： If the positive reference values of M (t) ＞, whole microgrid power has remaining, it is necessary to reduce the general power of micro battery or reduce load power； If M (t) ＜ bear reference value, and whole microgrid power is not enough, it is necessary to increase the general power of micro battery or reduce load power；Again Voltage according to each micro battery point of presence is modified to micro battery configuration capacity：Voltage is higher, reduces the active of the micro battery Exert oneself or reduce idle exerting oneself；Low voltage then increases the active power output of the micro battery or increases idle exerting oneself；

B wave analyzing devices

When being powered as main power source for battery, calculate to judge the stabilization of battery by formula (2), (3) and (4) Nargin, so that it is determined that whether the capacity of selected battery and PCS meets service requirement；

In formula, P_PCS,tAnd Q_PCS,tThe respectively active power of output of battery PCS and wattless power measurement value；P_max-setFor Set battery firm power limit value；

Make the time t of voltage source in battery₀To t₁Function B (t) is integrated in interval, due to t₀To t₁Set in time period Determine load fluctuation, micro battery and go out fluctuation, earth fault operating mode, the integrated value N for obtaining_BBattery is used as master under reaction isolated island The stability of power supply, compares with the first setting value, completes the work of verification battery power and capacity：If calculated value is more than the One setting value, then should reduce accumulator capacity；If calculated value is less than the first setting value, accumulator capacity should be increased；

When being powered as main power source for generator, calculate to judge to generate electricity by formula (5), (6), (7), (8) and (9) The power stability nargin and power factor stability margin of machine, so that it is determined that the capacity and power factor of selected generator are It is no to meet service requirement；

In formula, P_DIG,tAnd Q_DIG,tThe output of respectively generator is active and wattless power measurement value；P_max-setAnd P_min-set Respectively set generator stable power maximum and minimum value；Cos β are set power factor value；

Make the time t of voltage source in generator₁To t₂Function D (t) and Df (t) are integrated in interval, the integrated value N for obtaining_D And N_DfGenerator compares as the stability of main power source with the second setting value under reaction isolated island, completes verification generator capacity With the work of power factor：If calculated value is more than the second setting value, generator capacity should be reduced；If calculated value sets less than second Definite value, then should increase generator capacity；

(4) Multirun multi-channel runnings are set on the PSCAD/EMTDC platforms in micro-capacitance sensor planning simulation, many ginsengs is set The number operation operational factor best to choose stablizing effect；After once being emulated in step (3), it is possible to by data and waveform Analysis completes the feedback of primary equipment capacity and parameter, and system control parameters amendment；Finally, it is imitative by multiple overall process Really obtain the good micro-capacitance sensor program results of transient stability.

Further, in the data analysing method, need to investigate PCC in the case of stability of grid connection operation and grid-connected failure Point reactive power；And off-network switching and isolated island failure in the case of need the reactive power for investigating voltage source to exert oneself situation；Pass through Formula (10) investigates micro-capacitance sensor reactive requirement situation, with reasonable disposition micro-capacitance sensor reactive-load compensator and with the idle micro- electricity exerted oneself Source；

In formula, Q_reqIdle exerted oneself for micro-capacitance sensor is required；Q_PCC,tThe idle work(of PCC points t during to be incorporated into the power networks Rate；Q_{PCC_ref}It is the reference reactive power of PCC points setting；Q_V,tThe output reactive power of voltage source t during for islet operation； S_{V_rat}It is the power-handling capability of voltage source；P_V,tIt is the active power of output of voltage source t；

Calculate the idle deviation maximum of micro-capacitance sensor at m time point to determine no-power vacancy when micro-capacitance sensor runs, thus To estimate the capacity and power factor with the idle micro battery exerted oneself of micro-capacitance sensor reactive-load compensator.

Further, the m time point include stable operating point and transient state operating point.

Further, cos β-cos α=0.05.

Further, first setting value be micro-capacitance sensor steady-state operation in the case of battery power residual capacity be 40% When pass through formula (2) counted value.

Further, second setting value be micro-capacitance sensor steady-state operation in the case of generator power residual capacity be 40% When pass through formula (5) counted value.

Further, in PSCAD/EMTDC power system simulation softwares, set up and lead to the data of micro-capacitance sensor planning software , directly by parameter interface imported into the capacity configuration result data of planning software in the step (1) by the parameter interface of letter In PSCAD/EMTDC.

Further, the micro-grid system for being built in PSCAD/EMTDC softwares, contained primary equipment is advised except micro-capacitance sensor Draw the photovoltaic of software plan, blower fan, power-type energy storage, outside energy type energy storage, also break comprising controllable reactive-load compensation capacitor, solid-state Road device, diesel-driven generator, power quality controlling device；Be conducive to design, control, maintenance and the dilatation of micro-capacitance sensor, it is possible to increase The power supply reliability and stability of micro-capacitance sensor.

Further, the reference value is 0.02n, and n is micro-capacitance sensor broad sense micro battery number.

Beneficial effect：The present invention compared with prior art, with advantages below：

(1) existing micro-capacitance sensor planning concentrates on the research of micro-capacitance sensor capacity configuration optimizing method, only from economy point With the capacity of simple active balance orientation optimization micro battery.The present invention considers micro-capacitance sensor capacity optimum results, micro-capacitance sensor Main electrical scheme, micro-capacitance sensor Specific disposition, transformer capacity and parameter, line parameter circuit value, circuit breaker parameters and reactive compensation capacity etc., it is right Micro-capacitance sensor is emulated under various operating conditions, micro-capacitance sensor place capacity is planned from stable state and transient stability angle and is matched somebody with somebody Put.The present invention solves the limitation of original micro-capacitance sensor planing method, comprehensively considers that micro-capacitance sensor equipment carries out micro-capacitance sensor planning.

(2) present invention lets loose in specific micro battery capacity configuration, and the micro-capacitance sensor planned can include wind-powered electricity generation, light Volt, micro fuel engine power generation, diesel power generation distributed power supply and ferric phosphate lithium cell, lead-acid battery, flow battery, super electricity Hold the micro-grid system of various energy-storage units such as energy storage, and can flexibly add general convertor, energy storage to become according to simulation result Stream device PCS, controllable burden, Active Power Filter-APF, reactive-load compensator, equipment for monitoring power quality etc., can carry out grid type With the planning of isolated island type micro-capacitance sensor, the present invention can meet the micro-capacitance sensor planning under various conditions and operating mode, and relevance grade is very high.

(3) the transient state modeling and simulating of the micro-capacitance sensor that the present invention is used can analyze the transient stability of micro-capacitance sensor, while taking off Show the operation control mechanism of micro-capacitance sensor.Transient stability refers to that system is subject to be remained under a stable state under big disturbed conditions Operation, also known as big signal stabilization.Used digital transient emulation method of the invention has unique advantage, is in particular in： 1) the micro-capacitance sensor equipment operating data or curve according to actual field can realize to all kinds distributed power source, energy-storage system and The accurate calibration modeling of miscellaneous equipment, the explicit physical meaning and degree of accuracy is higher；2) different scales, differing complexity are capable of achieving Micro-grid system emulation；3) rapid prototyping modeling is capable of achieving, simulation result is repeatable and system is easy to adjust with component parameters It is whole.

(4) present invention realizes effective transient emulation analysis using the method for full working scope dividual simulation in once emulating, As shown in figure 3, time segment completes to be incorporated into the power networks and off-network handoff procedure, islet operation, isolated island turn grid-connected in once emulating Process, and re-segmenting completes parameter setting or large disturbances setting in every time；On the other hand, the present invention is in micro-capacitance sensor rule Draw and Multirun multi-channel runnings are set on the PSCAD/EMTDC platforms in emulation, multi-parameter operation is set to choose stablizing effect Good operational factor.2 points of improvement, carry out Multi simulation running, so that when saving present invention, avoiding to program results more than Between, improve planning efficiency.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the transient emulation method flow chart for supporting micro-capacitance sensor planning software；

Fig. 2 implements functional diagram for simulating, verifying；

Fig. 3 is overall process transient emulation method strategic process figure；

The equivalent circuit of Fig. 4 photovoltaic cells；

The STP280-24/Vd types solar panel output I/V characteristic curves that Fig. 5 manufacturers are given；

The photovoltaic battery panel output characteristic curve emulated in Fig. 6 PSCAD/EMTDC softwares；

Fig. 7 micro-capacitance sensor analogue system block architecture diagrams；

Fig. 8 micro-capacitance sensor control strategy flow charts；

The basic demand of voltage waveform when Fig. 9 micro-capacitance sensors run；

Figure 10 a) for micro-capacitance sensor islet operation when battery to make during main power source firm power interval；

Figure 10 b) for micro-capacitance sensor islet operation when diesel-driven generator to make during main power source firm power interval.

In figure：Current is photovoltaic cell output current；Power is the output power from photovoltaic cells；Voltage is photovoltaic Battery terminal voltage.

Specific embodiment

Specific embodiment of the invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, 2, the transient emulation method of micro-capacitance sensor planning software is supported, it is specific as follows：

1st, micro-capacitance sensor capacity configuration software carries out typical micro battery configuration

Micro-capacitance sensor capacity configuration software with the micro-grid system minimum optimal objective of totle drilling cost present worth, it is determined that meeting micro-capacitance sensor The optimal capacity configuration of the constraintss such as internal operation constraint, the constraint of distribution network operation and micro-capacitance sensor optimization access.Optimization process In employ the preferential energy control strategy of power distribution network, it is full based on distribution network parameters and from the angle of engineer applied Every constraints of sufficient Operation of Electric Systems specification；The characteristics of for traditional genetic algorithm, it is proposed that by limit search model Enclose, increase the performance of the stragetic innovation genetic algorithm such as random individual, and be applied to the optimal capacity for solving wind-light storage in micro-capacitance sensor Configuration.

2nd, the foundation of the accurate transient Model of micro-capacitance sensor

Accurate micro-capacitance sensor Transient Stability Analysis are carried out to have to set up accurate transient state micro battery model.The present invention Modeling to micro-capacitance sensor equipment is mainly divided into three steps：1) principle according to equipment carries out physical model modeling, and according to outer spy Property improve modeling；2) model parameter setting is carried out with the method for small-signal stability analysis or transfer function analysis so that each Equipment being capable of stable operation；3) data provided according to manufacturer carry out parameter correction with operation curve, finally obtain and actual product Product goodness of fit transient Model higher.Illustrated by taking the modeling of photovoltaic transient state as an example herein, miscellaneous equipment modeling is similar.

(1) photovoltage model modeling

The Mathematical Modeling of solar-energy photo-voltaic cell mainly has two classes：One class is gone out from the physical significance of solar-energy photo-voltaic cell Hair, the photovoltaic module standard testing parameter that application vendor is provided the user, by solve the series resistance of photovoltaic equivalent circuit come The simulation model of photovoltaic cell is set up, general its is called standard physical model；Another kind of is not calculate photovoltaic equivalent electric directly The series resistance on road, only considers ambient influnence by introducing corresponding coefficient and providing canonical parameter, is typically called engineering etc. Effect model.The modeling of engineering equivalent model is simpler, and output characteristics is more identical with actual photovoltaic products.

Fig. 4 show the equivalent circuit of photovoltaic cell.One preferable photovoltaic cell, in illumination-constant, photogenerated current Do not change with the working condition of photovoltaic cell, therefore a constant-current source is can be regarded as in equivalent circuit.By equivalent circuit Can show that the output characteristics equation of photovoltaic cell is as follows：

In formula：I---- photovoltaic cell output currents；V---- photovoltaic cell output voltages；I_ph----photogenerated current； I_os--- reverse saturation current is (in general, its order of magnitude is 10^-4A)；The A---- diode characteristic factors；T---- photovoltaic cells Temperature；K---- Boltzmann constants；R_s--- the series resistance of-photovoltaic cell, R_sh--- the parallel resistance of-photovoltaic cell.

The simulation model of photovoltaic cell is built upon on the basis of output characteristics equation (1), and it can be simplified as：

1) (V+IR is ignored_s)/R_sh, because R_shIt is very big, the influence very little to photoelectric current；

2) it is I to define short circuit current_scIf, I_ph=I_sc, because R under normal circumstances_sVery little；

3) define：Under open-circuit condition, V=V_oc；At maximum power point, V=V_m, I=I_m。

So, photovoltaic cell output characteristic equation is：

Wherein, C₁, C₂It is undetermined coefficient, using open-circuit voltage V_oc, maximum power point voltage V_m, maximum power point electric current I_m。 Computing formula can be obtained：

When considering that intensity of sunshine change and temperature influence,

Wherein,

Δ I=a Δ T+ (S/S_ref-1)I_sc (6)

Δ V=-b Δs T-R_s·ΔI (7)

Δ T=T-T_ref (8)

A, b are respectively with reference under sunshine, curent change temperature coefficient and voltage change temperature coefficient；Δ I is curent change Amount；Δ V is terminal voltage variable quantity；Δ T is temperature variation；S_refFor reference light shines；S is current light value；T_refFor temperature is joined Examine value.

Based on above-mentioned Mathematical Modeling, using STP280-24/Vd type solar components as research object in PSCAD/EMTDC In be modeled emulation.

(2) model parameter setting

STP280-24/Vd patterns its peak power output of group 280W, short circuit current 8.33A, open-circuit voltage 44.8V, it is maximum Power current 7.95A, peak power voltage 35.2V, design parameter is shown in Table 1.Illustrate and use the STP280-24/Vd type sun The parameter of energy cell panel is adjusted to the model in PSCAD.It is allowed to export P-V, I-V curve and manufacturer to identical.

The STP280-24/Vd type solar cell board parameters of table 1

Open-circuit voltage (Uoc)	44.8V
		Operating voltage (Um)	35.2V
Short circuit current (Isc)	8.33A
		Operating current (Im)	7.95A
Peak power output STC (Pmax)	280W
		Module efficiency	14.4%
Operating temperature	- 40 DEG C~+85 DEG C
		Maximum system voltage	1000V DC(IEC)/600V DC(UL)
Maximum fuse rated current	20A
		Power deviation	0/+5%
Power output temperature coefficient	- 0.44%/DEG C
		Open-circuit voltage temperature coefficient	- 0.33%/DEG C
Short circuit current temperature coefficient	0.055%/DEG C

When building model in PSCAD, mainly use open-circuit voltage Uoc in above-mentioned battery board parameter, operating voltage Um, Short circuit current Isc, operating current Im, open-circuit voltage temperature coefficient, short circuit current temperature coefficient this six parameter amounts.

(3) model calibration

Manufacturer provides output characteristic curve such as Fig. 5 of STP280-24/Vd type solar panels.Fig. 6 exists for photovoltage model Output characteristic curve under different illumination conditions, micro adjustment is carried out to the parameter of photovoltage model by correlation curve, final to obtain To the simulation model being coincide with actual product output characteristics.

3rd, control strategy design

Referring to Fig. 7, show the micro-capacitance sensor simulation framework block diagram in PSCAD, comprising it is described with concentrate stability controller and Energy storage PCS is the micro-capacitance sensor control platform of core, also including measuring system and command communication system, the micro-capacitance sensor based on this framework System can complete the artificial tasks of setting.

Referring to Fig. 8, for the micro-capacitance sensor of the planning, can complete to be incorporated into the power networks for its control strategy for designing, grid-connected Turn the whole process simulation that islet operation, islet operation and isolated island turn to be incorporated into the power networks.In the case of grid-connected, isolated island detection real-time monitoring is micro- Power network, starts emergent control and changes to islet operation pattern during grid collapses, isolated island signal is sent to the whole network；Grid-connected turn of orphan During island, energy storage PCS control models switch to droop control and switch to V/f controls again by PQ, to avoid generation direct by PQ The dash current that V/f controls cause is switched to, it is quick that other power supplys complete pre- judgement according to PCC points realtime power before isolated island signal Switching, to ensure to take over seamlessly；When being transformed into islet operation, short-term islet operation battery used as main power source, transport by long-term isolated island Main power source is switched to diesel-driven generator during row, and with main power source stable operation as core, the firm power in setting voltage source is interval to be adjusted Section random power, exert oneself and the spatial load forecasting of controllable electric power complete power-balance and ensure micro-capacitance sensor stable operation；Isolated island turns grid-connected During, presynchronization process is completed by voltage source first, the bulk power grid voltage according to detection by micro-capacitance sensor voltage with from amplitude, frequency Rate and phase complete synchronous, then adjust regulation current source step by step and exert oneself and load, complete weight and network process.

4th, micro-capacitance sensor transient emulation analysis

Micro-capacitance sensor has many differences as a kind of new energy network structure in intelligent grid with traditional bulk power grid：It is micro- The species of distributed power source is varied in power network, and characteristic is very different；Micro-capacitance sensor has plurality of operating modes and its pattern Switching state；Control structure is complex, and controlled variable is enriched；The varying of distributed generation technology, electronic power conversion The complexity of characteristic and the micro-grid system operation of device and its control system so that micro-capacitance sensor includes complicated multiple dimensioned dynamic Characteristic is superimposed.Therefore, only rely on capacity planning and small-signal modeling analysis is difficult to disclose deeply the dynamic characteristic of micro-capacitance sensor itself And internal interaction mechanism, it is necessary to the transient stability analysis of micro-grid system, micro-capacitance sensor are carried out by transient emulation instrument The transient emulation of system is significant with control method suitable for the analysis of micro-capacitance sensor to research.

After the modeling of micro-capacitance sensor each unit is completed, connect micro-capacitance sensor, and low-voltage circuit is set according to designed main electrical scheme Impedance, breaker actuation time, transformer parameter etc., the parameter of primary equipment is initially set to accepted value, in overall process Feedback adjustment after emulation.Micro-capacitance sensor is run into control strategy afterwards.So far, the micro-grid system model entirely planned is completed.

Transient emulation calculating is the key content of planning and design of power system, and it includes four aspects：(1) Load flow calculation master If calculating the power and voltage in electric power networks, check whether various elements can meet operating requirement, directly Reasonability, economy and reliability for analyzing each access system plan；(2) stability Calculation is to say as requested, to electric power The various failure situations of system are simulated the calculating and analysis of formula；(3) short circuit calculation is mainly in the given rack of checking computations, by In abnormal current value that failure is produced, the various short circuit currents at project access system node are calculated, can be electric The type selecting of equipment provides important foundation；(4) it is to say to provide corresponding to the inductive load in electric power networks that reactive-load compensation is calculated Reactive power, reduce various network elements because transmission inactivity and caused by electric energy loss, in specific Electric Design engineering In, reactive power compensator group capacity and total capacity are proposed according to reactive balance, concentrate in the micro-capacitance sensor with inside micro-capacitance sensor The calculating of reactive power equilibrium.

(1) overall process transient emulation

Referring to Fig. 3, PSCAD overall process transient emulation strategic process figures are shown, complete the micro-capacitance sensor modeling and institute After stating control strategy design, the method using full working scope dividual simulation on micro-grid system is realized effectively in once emulating Transient emulation is analyzed.Present invention time segment completion system in a whole process simulation is initialized, is incorporated into the power networks, grid-connected leaving Network process, islet operation and isolated island turn and five stages of network process, and re-segmenting completes Load flow calculation, steady in every time Devise a stratagem is calculated, short circuit calculation and reactive-load compensation are calculated, and four aspects that a step completes Transient calculation are required；On the other hand, the present invention Multirun multi-channel runnings are set on the PSCAD/EMTDC platforms in micro-capacitance sensor planning simulation, multi-parameter operation is set to select Take the good operational factor of stablizing effect.2 points of improvement, Multi simulation running is carried out present invention, avoiding to program results more than, from And the time is saved, improve planning efficiency.So, after once emulating, it is possible to complete once to set by data and waveform analysis The feedback of standby capacity and parameter, and system control parameters amendment.Finally, transient stability is obtained by multiple whole process simulation Good micro-capacitance sensor program results.

(2) simulating analysis

Micro-capacitance sensor is low due to voltage class, and connection line is not decoupled in resistive between electric voltage frequency and active reactive, and Can not weigh the power-balance problem of micro-capacitance sensor from electric voltage frequency angle merely, therefore the present invention is from whole network voltage and frequency and each Micro battery active reactive is exerted oneself and carrys out the ruuning situation of comprehensive descision micro-capacitance sensor.

Required according to planning and design of power system, need to complete Load flow calculation, stability Calculation, short circuit meter in planning process Calculate and reactive-load compensation calculates four parts and calculates.In the present invention, Load flow calculation and reactive-load compensation is calculated and passes through data analysis side Method is completed；Stability Calculation and short circuit calculation are completed by wave analyzing device.Specific embodiment is as follows：

A, data analysing method

In the case of steady-state operation, micro-capacitance sensor ruuning situation under in such a configuration is investigated by formula (9), whether check various elements Operating requirement can be met, whether each measurement point electric voltage frequency meets requirement in checking micro-capacitance sensor；

In formula, U_i,tIt is the voltage of t measurement point i；U_refIt is nominal reference voltage value；f_tIt is micro-capacitance sensor in t System frequency；f_refIt is nominal reference frequency value；N is micro-capacitance sensor broad sense micro battery number, comprising micro battery, load, energy storage PCS.After a whole process simulation, the value for calculating M (t) compares with reference value, estimates micro-capacitance sensor stable operation situation：If M (t) ＞ 0.02n, then whole microgrid power have remaining, it is necessary to reduce the general power of micro battery or reduce load power；If M (t) ＜ -0.02n, then whole microgrid power is not enough, it is necessary to increase the general power of micro battery or reduce load power.Basis respectively again The voltage of each micro battery point of presence is modified to micro battery configuration capacity：Voltage is higher, reduces the active power output of the micro battery Or reduce idle exerting oneself；Low voltage then increases the active power output of the micro battery or increases idle exerting oneself.

Particularly, need to investigate PCC point reactive powers in the case of stability of grid connection operation and grid-connected failure；Cut in simultaneously off-network Change and exerted oneself situation with the reactive power for needing to investigate voltage source in the case of isolated island failure.The present invention investigates micro-capacitance sensor by formula (10) Reactive requirement situation, with reasonable disposition micro-capacitance sensor reactive-load compensator and with the idle micro battery exerted oneself.

In formula, Q_reqIdle exerted oneself for micro-capacitance sensor is required；Q_PCC,tThe idle work(of PCC points t during to be incorporated into the power networks Rate；Q_{PCC_ref}It is the reference reactive power of PCC points setting；Q_V,tThe output reactive power of voltage source t during for islet operation； S_{V_rat}It is the power-handling capability of voltage source；P_V,tIt is the active power of output of voltage source t.M time point is calculated (comprising steady Determine operating point and transient state operating point) the idle deviation maximum of micro-capacitance sensor come determine micro-capacitance sensor run when no-power vacancy, thus To estimate the power factor selection of the capacity and synchronous generator etc. of micro-capacitance sensor reactive-load compensator.

B, wave analyzing device

Stability Calculation needs analysis voltage and power waveform in simultaneously off-network handoff procedure, the designed control strategy of checking Configuration with micro-capacitance sensor can supporting ＆ stablizing operation, it is necessary to investigate and whether waveform in off-network handoff procedure meets stable operation It is required that, this is a short time transient problems；Equally, short circuit calculation needs to carry out micro-capacitance sensor power supply, load or bus-bar fault feelings Voltage and power waveform are analyzed under condition, and this is also the transient problems of short time.The present invention is carried out surely using Waveform Analysis Method Devise a stratagem is calculated and short circuit calculation analysis, and specific method is as follows.

Fig. 9 is referred to, micro-capacitance sensor transient voltage basic demand curve, T in figure is shown₁=min (T_{1_PCS},T_{1_PV}, T_{1_WT}...), T₂=min (T_{2_PCS},T_{2_PV},T_{2_WT}...), wherein T_{1_PCS}、T_{1_PV}、T_{1_WT}、T_{2_PCS}、T_{2_PV}And T_{2_WT}Respectively institute State the corresponding T of low voltage crossing curve of the energy storage, photovoltaic and blower fan of micro-capacitance sensor use₁And T₂Value.Voltage is emulated according to micro-capacitance sensor Waveform and voltage request comparative analysis, reactive capability, line impedance, transformer configuration to micro-capacitance sensor etc. claim, to protect Under worst ruuning situation, voltage meets requirement to card micro-capacitance sensor.If necessary, can also be out-of-limit plus power in voltage wave moving point Investigate, further constraint is made to micro-capacitance sensor equipment.

Particularly, in the case of isolated island stable operation, the stability of voltage source is of crucial importance in micro-capacitance sensor, and it is related to entirely The voltage and frequency stabilization of micro-capacitance sensor, analysis method are as follows：

Referring to Figure 10, main power source control stability range when showing micro-capacitance sensor isolated island, battery V/f controls or bavin during isolated island The main purpose of oil machine droop control be the voltage of maintenance system, frequency in rated value, and according to the demand of load adjust power Output.In actual micro-capacitance sensor, in order to ensure the continued power to important load, generally in electric voltage frequency fluctuation in allowed band In the case of interior, it is also considered that cut away wants load to ensure that voltage source has enough spare capacities by several times.Battery V/f is controlled Four quadrant running can be realized, and diesel-driven generator can only send active power, and the power factor for having ± cos α is limited.Figure In divide 4 regions A, B, C, S, region A into：System voltage is stable in load voltage value after isolated island occurs, and takes load voltage value for U =1 (p.u.), its border is the active power maximum P of setting_AWith reactive power maximum-P_A；Region B：It is after isolated island generation System voltage deviation load voltage value, but in regulation allowed band, i.e. voltage 0.9 (p.u.)≤U≤1.1 (p.u.), P_BFor The rated power of the voltage source；After entering into region C, system voltage can not meet required standard, can by cutting load come Realize isolated island stable operation, it is also possible to excessive due to exchanging power during switching, and cause the direct unstability of system；Area Domain S is interval power optimization, further considers the utilization rate (must be more than the 60% of gross generation during isolated island) of regenerative resource, with And the constraints such as diesel-driven generator economy or efficiency optimization traffic coverage, and consider possible fuzzy processing method, set work( Rate is constrained, and the power optimization for constituting voltage source is interval.

Following analysis is made by simulation waveform, in the case where separate unit battery is controlled using V/f, by detecting power network institute The watt level for sending is in A come system after judging isolated island generation, and B, C be which kind of situation, can directly smooth transition for A systems To island state；If be in region B, though system can stable operation, due to the polytropy of load, generally leave micro battery Certain spare capacity, therefore in this case, generally to cut off secondary load, it is ensured that the power supply to main loads；For Region C, excessive due to exchanging power, system cannot meet load operation requirement, it may be considered that first cut off secondary load, micro-capacitance sensor System can smoothly be transitioned into region B and continue stable operation.

When being powered as main power source for battery, calculate to judge the steady of battery by formula (11), (12) and (13) Nargin is determined, so that it is determined that the capacity S of selected battery PCS_{PCS, t}Whether service requirement is met

In formula, P_PCS,tAnd Q_PCS,tThe respectively active power of output of battery PCS and wattless power measurement value；P_max-setFor Set battery firm power limit value.Make the time t of voltage source in battery₀To t₁Function B (t) is integrated in interval, Due to t₀To t₁Load fluctuation, micro battery are set in time period and goes out the operating modes such as fluctuation, earth fault, therefore, the integration for obtaining Value N_BBattery compares as the stability of main power source with the first setting value under reaction isolated island, can complete to verify battery work( The work of rate and capacity, first setting value is for when battery power residual capacity is 40% in the case of micro-capacitance sensor steady-state operation By formula (2) counted value：If calculated value is more than the first setting value, accumulator capacity should be reduced；If calculated value is less than first Setting value, then should increase accumulator capacity.

It is similar, when being powered as main power source for diesel-driven generator, calculate to judge bavin by formula (14), (15) and (16) The stability margin of fry dried food ingredients motor, so that it is determined that the capacity S of selected diesel-driven generator_DIG,tWhether service requirement is met.And bavin The select permeability of fry dried food ingredients motor also power factor, so that the present invention calculates to judge diesel oil by formula (15), (17) and (18) The reasonability of the power factor selection of generator.

In formula, P_DIG,tAnd Q_DIG,tThe output of respectively diesel-driven generator is active and wattless power measurement value；P_max-setWith P_min-setRespectively set diesel-driven generator firm power maximum and minimum value；Cos β are set power factor value, In general cos β-cos α=0.05.Make the time t of voltage source in diesel-driven generator₁To t₂To function D (t) and Df in interval T () integrates, the integrated value N for obtaining_DAnd N_DfDiesel-driven generator sets as the stability of main power source with second under reaction isolated island Value compares, and can complete to verify the selection of diesel-driven generator capacity and power factor, and second setting value is transported for micro-capacitance sensor stable state Pass through formula (5) counted value when diesel generation acc power residual capacity is 40% in the case of row：If calculated value is more than the second setting Value, then should reduce diesel-driven generator capacity；If calculated value is less than the second setting value, diesel-driven generator capacity should be increased.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. it is a kind of support micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing overall process transient emulation method, it is characterised in that：The transient emulation method The simulating, verifying of the distributed power source configuration result suitable for micro-capacitance sensor planning, for carrying out anti-school to configuration result, including Following steps：

(1) based on the optimal capacity configuration result of planning software, optimal capacity configuration result data is imported into emulation soft In part PSCAD/EMTDC；

(2) the accurate transient Model of micro-capacitance sensor is set up in simulation software PSCAD/EMTDC, and micro- electricity is completed by main connection mode design The foundation of net system；

(3) micro-capacitance sensor overall process transient emulation：The initialization of time segment completion system, grid-connected fortune in a whole process simulation Capable, grid-connected network process, islet operation and the isolated island of leaving turns and five stages of network process, and re-segmenting is completed in every time Load flow calculation, stability Calculation, short circuit calculation and reactive-load compensation are calculated, and four aspects that a step completes Transient calculation are required；

Specifically：Load flow calculation and reactive-load compensation are calculated and completed by data analysing method, and stability Calculation and short circuit calculation pass through Wave analyzing device is completed；

A, data analysing method

In the case of steady-state operation, the micro-capacitance sensor ruuning situation under optimal capacity configuration described in step (1) is investigated by formula (1), Check whether various elements can meet operating requirement, whether each measurement point electric voltage frequency meets requirement in checking micro-capacitance sensor；

$M\left(t\right)=\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\Σ}}\frac{U_{i,t}-U_{ref}}{U_{i,t}}+n\·\frac{f_t-f_{ref}}{f_t}---\left(1\right)$

In formula, M (t) is data analysis decision function；

U_i,tIt is the voltage of t measurement point i；

U_refIt is nominal reference voltage value；

f_tIt is micro-capacitance sensor in the system frequency of t；

f_refIt is nominal reference frequency value；

N is micro-capacitance sensor broad sense micro battery number；

After a whole process simulation, the value of M (t) is calculated, and it is compared with reference value, estimate micro-capacitance sensor stable operation feelings Condition：If the positive reference values of M (t) ＞, whole microgrid power has remaining, it is necessary to reduce the general power or increase load work(of micro battery Rate；If M (t) ＜ bear reference value, and whole microgrid power is not enough, it is necessary to increase the general power of micro battery or reduce load work( Rate；Voltage further according to each micro battery point of presence is modified to micro battery configuration capacity：Voltage is higher, reduces the micro battery Active power output or reduce idle exert oneself；Low voltage then increases the active power output of the micro battery or increases idle exerting oneself；

B, wave analyzing device

When being powered as main power source for battery, calculate abundant to judge stablizing for battery by formula (2), (3) and (4) Degree, so that it is determined that whether the capacity of selected battery PCS meets service requirement；

$N_B={\∫}_{t_0}^{t_1}B\left(t\right)dt---\left(2\right)$

$S_{PCS,t}=\sqrt{{P_{PCS,t}}^2+{Q_{PCS,t}}^2}---\left(3\right)$

$B\left(t\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}{S}_{PCS,t}-P_{\max -set}& S_{PCS,t}>P_{\max -set}\\ 0& S_{PCS,t}<P_{\max -set}\end{array}\right.---\left(4\right)$

In formula, P_PCS,tAnd Q_PCS,tThe respectively active power of output of battery PCS and wattless power measurement value；P_max-setFor set Fixed battery firm power limit value；

Make the time t of voltage source in battery₀To t₁Function B (t) is integrated in interval, due to t₀To t₁Set in time period negative Lotus fluctuation, micro battery go out fluctuation, earth fault operating mode, the integrated value N for obtaining_BBattery is used as main power source under reaction isolated island Stability, compares with the first setting value, completes the work of verification battery power and capacity：If calculated value is more than the first setting Value, then should reduce accumulator capacity；If calculated value is less than the first setting value, accumulator capacity should be increased；

When being powered as main power source for generator, calculate to judge generator by formula (5), (6), (7), (8) and (9) Power stability nargin and power factor stability margin, so that it is determined that whether selected generator capacity and power factor meet Service requirement；

$N_D={\&Integral;}_{t_1}^{t_2}D\left(t\right)dt---\left(5\right)$

$S_{DIG,t}=\sqrt{{P_{DIG,t}}^2+{Q_{DIG,t}}^2}---\left(6\right)$

$D\left(t\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}{S}_{DIG,t}-P_{max-set}& S_{DIG,t}>P_{max-set}\\ 0& P_{\min -set}<S_{DIG,t}<P_{max-set}\\ P_{\min -set}-S_{DIG,t}& S_{DIG,t}<P_{min-set}\end{array}\right.---\left(7\right)$

$N_{Df}={\&Integral;}_{t_1}^{t_2}Df\left(t\right)dt---\left(8\right)$

$Df\left(t\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}{P}_{DIG,t}/S_{DIG,t}-\cos \mathrm{\&beta;}& P_{DIG,t}/S_{DIG,t}>\cos \mathrm{\&beta;}\\ 0& -\cos \mathrm{\&beta;}<P_{DIG,t}/S_{DIG,t}<\cos \mathrm{\&beta;}\\ \cos \mathrm{\&beta;}-P_{DIG,t}/S_{DIG,t}& P_{DIG,t}/S_{DIG,t}<-\cos \mathrm{\&beta;}\end{array}\right.---\left(9\right)$

In formula, P_DIG,tAnd Q_DIG,tThe output of respectively generator is active and wattless power measurement value；P_max-setAnd P_min-setRespectively It is set generator stable power maximum and minimum value；Cos β are set power factor value；

Make the time t of voltage source in generator₁To t₂Function D (t) and Df (t) are integrated in interval, the integrated value N for obtaining_DReaction Generator compares as the stability of main power source with the second setting value under isolated island, completes the work of verification generator capacity：If Calculated value is more than the second setting value, then should reduce generator capacity；If calculated value is less than the second setting value, generator should be increased Capacity；

(4) Multirun multi-channel runnings are set on the PSCAD/EMTDC platforms in micro-capacitance sensor planning simulation, multi-parameter fortune is set The row operational factor best to choose stablizing effect；After once being emulated in step (3), it is possible to by data and waveform analysis Complete the feedback of primary equipment capacity and parameter, and system control parameters amendment；Finally, obtained by multiple whole process simulation To the good micro-capacitance sensor program results of transient stability.

2. a kind of overall process transient emulation method for supporting micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing according to claim 1, its feature exists In：In the data analysing method, need to investigate PCC point reactive powers in the case of stability of grid connection operation and grid-connected failure； And need the reactive power for investigating voltage source to exert oneself situation in the case of off-network switching and isolated island failure；Micro- electricity is investigated by formula (10) Net reactive requirement situation, with reasonable disposition micro-capacitance sensor reactive-load compensator and with the idle micro battery exerted oneself；

$Q_{req}=\frac{1}{m}\max \{\underset{t=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}(Q_{PCC,t}-Q_{PCC\_ref}),\underset{t=1}{\overset{m}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}(Q_{V,t}-\sqrt{{S_{V\_rat}}^2-{P_{V,t}}^2})\}---\left(10\right)$

In formula, Q_reqIdle exerted oneself for micro-capacitance sensor is required；Q_PCC, t is the reactive power of PCC points t when being incorporated into the power networks； Q_{PCC_ref}It is the reference reactive power of PCC points setting；Q_V,tThe output reactive power of voltage source t during for islet operation；S_{V_rat} It is the power-handling capability of voltage source；P_V,tIt is the active power of output of voltage source t；

Calculate the micro-capacitance sensor idle deviation maximum at m time point to determine no-power vacancy during micro-capacitance sensor operation, thus estimate Calculate the capacity and the power factor with the idle micro battery exerted oneself of micro-capacitance sensor reactive-load compensator.

3. a kind of overall process transient emulation method for supporting micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing according to claim 2, its feature exists In：The m time point includes stable operating point and transient state operating point.

4. a kind of overall process transient emulation method for supporting micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing according to claim 1, its feature exists In：Cos β-cos α=0.05, cos α are the power factor limits value of selected generator.

5. a kind of overall process transient emulation method for supporting micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing according to claim 1, its feature exists In：First setting value be micro-capacitance sensor steady-state operation in the case of battery power residual capacity be 40% when by formula (2) calculation The value for obtaining.

6. a kind of overall process transient emulation method for supporting micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing according to claim 1, its feature exists In：Second setting value be micro-capacitance sensor steady-state operation in the case of generator power residual capacity be 40% when by formula (5) calculation The value for obtaining.

7. a kind of overall process transient emulation method for supporting micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing according to claim 1, its feature exists In：In PSCAD/EMTDC power system simulation softwares, the parameter interface with the data communication of micro-capacitance sensor planning software is set up, Directly the capacity configuration result data of planning software is imported into PSCAD/EMTDC by parameter interface in the step (1).

8. a kind of overall process transient emulation method for supporting micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing according to claim 1, its feature exists In：The micro-grid system built in PSCAD/EMTDC softwares, contained primary equipment includes controllable reactive-load compensation capacitor, consolidates State breaker, diesel-driven generator and power quality controlling device.

9. a kind of overall process transient emulation method for supporting micro-capacitance sensor planning and designing according to claim 1, its feature exists In：The reference value is 0.02n, and n is micro-capacitance sensor broad sense micro battery number.