CN104265384A - Organic Rankine cycle device by adopting longitudinal vortex to overcome non-azeotropic working medium heat transfer deterioration - Google Patents
Organic Rankine cycle device by adopting longitudinal vortex to overcome non-azeotropic working medium heat transfer deterioration Download PDFInfo
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- CN104265384A CN104265384A CN201410392867.6A CN201410392867A CN104265384A CN 104265384 A CN104265384 A CN 104265384A CN 201410392867 A CN201410392867 A CN 201410392867A CN 104265384 A CN104265384 A CN 104265384A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic Rankine cycle device by adopting a longitudinal vortex to overcome non-azeotropic working medium heat transfer deterioration. The device comprises a steam generator, an expansion machine, an electric generator, a condenser and a working medium pump of a longitudinal vortex mechanism. Low-grade heat energy like solar energy is adopted to be used as a high-temperature heat source, non-azeotropic mixed working media are adopted, and therefore the average heat transfer temperature difference of fluid on the two sides of the wall face of a heat exchanger is reduced, and irreversible losses caused by the heat transfer temperature difference in the heat transfer process are reduced. In addition, the problem that in the organic Rankine cycle process, the heat transfer deterioration is generated in the evaporation heat exchange process of the non-azeotropic working media is solved. When heat exchange fluid flows through the steam generator of the device, the longitudinal vortex is generated under the action of a longitudinal vortex generator. Through improving of cooperativity of a fluid temperature field and a fluid speed field in the heat exchange process, the great improving of the heat transfer effect is obtained with the small resistance cost. The device can universally adapt to an organic Rankine cycle heat engine system, the system efficiency is improved, and the aims of saving energy and reducing emissions are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the application of the low grade heat energies such as solar energy, be specifically related to the organic Rankine cycle devices that a kind of longitudinal Vortex overcomes non-azeotropic working medium heat transfer deterioration.
Background technique
The world today, the situation of scarcity of resources, lack of energy is more and more severeer, exploitation renewable energy sources becomes more and more important, wherein, waste heat used heat in utilization in the solar energy of low temperature, geothermal power, biomass energy and industrial processes, as the organic Rankine bottoming cycle generating driving heat energy, can effectively alleviate energy starved problem.But at present, the actual power efficiency of the organic rankine cycle system of research is not both at home and abroad also very high, and its energy loss is mainly from decompressor and heat exchanger.For a certain fixing decompressor, its irreversible loss is mainly subject to the restriction of circulation expansion ratio and manufacturing technology itself, and the excursion of expansion ratio is limited.Therefore reducing the irreversible loss in heat exchanger, is the method that feasible minimizing system can use the loss of energy.
In order to reduce the irreversible loss of heat exchanger, organic Rankine bottoming cycle is circulated close to Lorentz as much as possible, can in the organic Rankine bottoming cycle of reality, adopt the non-azeotropic mixed working medium with alternating temperature phase-change characteristic, utilize its temperature glide characteristic in phase transition process to mate the temperature variation of high temperature heat source fluid, to reduce due to the irreversible loss that mean temperature difference causes greatly in heat transfer process, and then improve the thermal performance of the circulatory system.
The non-azeotropic mixed working medium that multicomponent forms being applied to organic rankine cycle system, can effectively mating organic rankine cycle system characteristic, improving cycle efficiency by reducing heat transfer temperature difference.But, non-azeotropic mixed working medium is owing to being made up of multicomponent, and under the prerequisite of non-azeotrope, the boiling point of each component working medium is different, when working medium is heated at heat exchanger wall place, low boiling working fluid more easily evaporates, and wall forms gas boundary layer, and this boundary layer had both caused mass transfer thermal resistance, the temperature of gas-liquid interface is caused again to raise, when making heat exchange, limited heat is consumed in the sensible heat of gas blanket and the heat transfer resistance that produces, thus hinders the evaporation of higher boiling working medium, occurs heat transfer deterioration phenomenon.Therefore, study the heat transfer deterioration phenomenon weakening non-azeotropic working medium and produce in temperature glide process, the heat exchange efficiency improving heat exchanger also pays less drag losses as far as possible, have profound significance to effective application of non-azeotropic mixed working medium in organic Rankine bottoming cycle.The present invention aims to provide a kind of organic Rankine cycle devices of employing non-azeotropic working medium of optimal design, this device adopts the steam generator with long direction eddy generator, reduce non-azeotropic working medium in a vapor generator heat exchange time heat transfer deterioration impact, to improve cycle efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Adopt in the organic rankine cycle system of non-azeotropic mixed working medium for prior art, its heat exchanger is the phenomenon of mixed working fluid heat transfer deterioration in steam generator particularly, the present invention proposes the organic Rankine cycle devices that a kind of longitudinal Vortex overcomes non-azeotropic working medium heat transfer deterioration, it can make fluid produce longitudinal Vortex in evaporation and heat-exchange process, promote the velocity field of heat exchanging fluid and the field coordination in temperature field, overcome the heat transfer deterioration phenomenon of non-azeotropic working medium evaporation process.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
The organic Rankine cycle devices that the present invention adopts longitudinal Vortex to overcome non-azeotropic working medium heat transfer deterioration comprises steam generator, decompressor, generator, condenser, working medium pump; Described steam generator comprises working medium passage and heat-carrying circulation road, and described working medium channel setting is the long direction eddy generator enabling working medium produce longitudinal whirlpool; The sender property outlet of described steam generator is connected with the entrance of described decompressor; First outlet of described decompressor is connected with the working medium entrance of described condenser, and described decompressor second outlet is connected with described generator; The sender property outlet of described condenser is connected with working medium pump entrance; The coolant outlet of described condenser is connected with low-temperature heat source entrance, and the outlet of described low-temperature heat source is connected with cooling waterpump entrance, and described cooling water delivery side of pump is connected with the cooling water inlet of described condenser; Described working medium pump outlet is connected with described longitudinal Vortex formula steam generator working medium entrance; Described longitudinal Vortex formula steam generator heating agent fluid output is connected with described high temperature heat source entrance; Described high temperature heat source outlet is connected with the entrance of described heating agent fluid pump, and described heating agent fluid delivery side of pump is connected with described longitudinal Vortex formula steam generator heating agent fluid input;
Described longitudinal Vortex formula steam generator, decompressor, condenser, working medium pump forms organic working medium circulation loop.
Described high temperature heat source, heating agent fluid pump, longitudinal Vortex formula steam generator forms high-temperature hot source circulation loop.
Described condenser, low-temperature heat source, cooling waterpump forms cooling water circulation loop.
Described long direction eddy generator structure is: described working medium channel setting is multiple continuous print intersection convergent-divergent oval structure, described intersection convergent-divergent oval structure comprises the first oval straight length, First Transition section, the second oval straight length, the second changeover portion and the 3rd oval straight length that connect successively, wherein, the major axis of oval straight length and minor axis are arranged vertically with second respectively for the major axis of the first oval straight length and the 3rd oval straight length and minor axis.
Described long direction eddy generator structure is: in described working medium passage, be provided with multiple delta wing, RECTANGULAR WINGS, triangle to the wing or rectangle to the wing, and above-mentioned multiple delta wing, RECTANGULAR WINGS, triangle are set in distance with a segment distance to the wing to the wing or rectangle.
Be incubated steam generator and condenser, thermal insulating material is rock wool or ceramic fiber cotton.
Described non-azeotropic mixed working medium is any one in two components, three components and four components.
In the slip temperature of described non-azeotropic mixed working medium and longitudinal Vortex formula steam generator, the temperature difference of heating agent fluid matches.
Described high temperature heat source adopts low grade heat energy or conventional energy resource.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
1) steam generator being provided with long direction eddy generator of the present invention's employing, the disturbance of non-azeotropic mixed working medium can be strengthened, break the gas-liquid stratification that wall place fluid produces because boiling point is different, reduce the mass-and heat-transfer resistance in boundary layer, improve the field coordination between liquid speed field and temperature field, add with less resistance, reduce the heat transfer deterioration impact produced because temperature glide causes concentration of component skewness in evaporation process significantly, improve the heat transfer efficiency of steam generator.
2) non-azeotropic mixed working medium that the present invention selects evaporates or condensation under constant pressure, its evaporating temperature raises gradually, condensing temperature reduces gradually, therefore can match with the high and low temperature thermal source of organic Rankine bottoming cycle, reduce the heat transfer temperature difference of circulation, reduce the irreversible loss in organic Rankine bottoming cycle, promote cycle efficiency.
3) high temperature heat source in the present invention can adopt the low grade heat energy such as solar energy, industrial waste heat, realizes the beneficial effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction.
4) Insulation taked steam generator of the present invention, can reduce the heat radiation of high temperature fluid environment towards periphery, improve the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger, realize energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of organic Rankine cycle devices of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that the present invention intersects the structural representation of the oval heat exchanger of convergent-divergent;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of delta wing long direction eddy generator of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of RECTANGULAR WINGS long direction eddy generator of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of triangle of the present invention to wing long direction eddy generator;
Fig. 6 is that rectangle of the present invention is intended to the structural diagrams of wing long direction eddy generator.
In figure: 1, steam generator, 2, decompressor, 3, generator, 4, condenser, 5, working medium pump, 6, high temperature heat source, 7, heating agent fluid pump, 8, low-temperature heat source, 9, cooling waterpump.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the organic Rankine cycle devices that the present invention's longitudinal Vortex overcomes non-azeotropic working medium heat transfer deterioration is made up of three circulation loops, is respectively organic working medium circulation loop, high-temperature hot source circulation loop, cooling water circulation loop.
Described organic working medium circulation loop by steam generator 1, decompressor 2, condenser 4, working medium pump 5 forms; Described high-temperature hot source circulation loop by high temperature heat source 6, heating agent fluid pump 7, steam generator 1 is formed; Described cooling water circulation loop is by low-temperature heat source 8, and cooling waterpump 9, condenser 4 is formed.
The coal heating and water outlet 6-b of high temperature heat source is connected with the entrance 7-a of heating agent fluid pump, and heating agent fluid delivery side of pump 7-b is connected with the coal heating and water entrance 1-c of steam generator, and the coal heating and water outlet 1-d of steam generator is connected with the coal heating and water entrance 6-a of high temperature heat source.
The sender property outlet 1-b of steam generator is connected with the working medium entrance 2-a of decompressor, first outlet 2-b of decompressor is connected with the working medium entrance 4-a of condenser, second outlet of described decompressor is simultaneously connected with described generator 3, the sender property outlet 4-b of condenser is connected with the entrance 5-a of working medium pump, and working medium delivery side of pump 5-b is connected with the working medium entrance 1-a of steam generator.
The coolant outlet 4-d of condenser is connected with the cooling water inlet 8-a of low-temperature heat source, and the coolant outlet 8-b of low-temperature heat source is connected with the entrance 9-a of cooling waterpump, and cooling water delivery side of pump 9-b is connected with the cooling water inlet 4-c of condenser.
Organic working medium cyclic process is: overheated gas organic working medium flows out from the sender property outlet 1-b of steam generator, enter the entrance 2-a of decompressor, after overexpansion, flow out from the first outlet 2-b of decompressor, enter the working medium entrance 4-a of condenser subsequently, condensation becomes liquid working substance, flows out from the sender property outlet 4-b of condenser, boost through working medium pump 5, enter steam generator 1 from the working medium entrance 1-a of steam generator and carry out generating process.
The cyclic process of heating agent fluid is: heating agent fluid flows out from the outlet 6-b of high temperature heat source, enter heating agent fluid pump 7, after boosting, enter the heating agent fluid input 1-c of steam generator, in steam generator 1, organic working medium is heated, then flow out from the heating agent fluid output 1-d of steam generator, get back to high temperature heat source 6 from the heating agent fluid input 6-a of high temperature heat source.
Cooling water circulation process is: cooling water flows out from the outlet 8-b of low-temperature heat source, enter cooling waterpump 9, after boosting, enter the cooling water inlet 4-c of condenser, absorb heat from organic working medium in condenser 4, then flow out from the coolant outlet 4-d of condenser, flow back to low-temperature heat source from the entrance 8-a of low-temperature heat source.
As shown in Figure 2, steam generator 1 adopts the oval heat exchanger of intersection convergent-divergent, wherein, described working medium channel setting is multiple continuous print intersection convergent-divergent oval structure, for an intersection convergent-divergent oval structure, comprise connect successively the first oval straight length Z1, First Transition section Z2, the second oval straight length Z3, the second changeover portion Z4 and the 3rd oval straight length Z5, wherein, the major axis of oval straight length Z3 and minor axis are arranged vertically with second respectively for the major axis of the first oval straight length Z1 and the 3rd oval straight length Z5 and minor axis.Non-azeotropic working medium enters the oval heat exchanger of intersection convergent-divergent, flows, flow between the shell of heat-carrying stream outside heat exchanging tube in intersection convergent-divergent oval structure heat exchanging tube.When non-azeotropic working medium flows in intersection convergent-divergent oval structure heat exchanging tube, the effect of oval pipeline monitor convergent-divergent can be subject to, longitudinal turbulence is formed in the duct near tube wall place, this longitudinal shrinking turbulence along main flow direction, effectively can strengthen the disturbance of non-azeotropic working medium, promote the temperature field of heat exchanging fluid and the field coordination of velocity field, thus improve the heat exchange efficiency of steam generator, and promote the efficiency of whole circulation further.
As shown in Figure 3, in steam generator 1 working medium passage, delta wing long direction eddy generator is installed, Tube Sheet of Heat Exchanger side or plate effluent that non-azeotropic working medium is installing this long direction eddy generator are moved, longitudinal turbulence is being formed after delta wing, longitudinal turbulence weakens after continuing certain distance, now regenerate longitudinal Vortex through another group delta wing, long direction eddy generator is arranged in whole pipeline section with this interval, to keep higher heat exchange efficiency.
As shown in Figure 4, in steam generator 1 working medium passage, RECTANGULAR WINGS long direction eddy generator is installed, Tube Sheet of Heat Exchanger side or plate effluent that non-azeotropic working medium is installing this long direction eddy generator are moved, longitudinal turbulence is being formed after RECTANGULAR WINGS, longitudinal turbulence weakens after continuing certain distance, now regenerate longitudinal Vortex through another group RECTANGULAR WINGS, long direction eddy generator is arranged in whole pipeline section with this interval, to keep higher heat exchange efficiency.
As shown in Figure 5, in steam generator 1 working medium passage, triangle is installed to wing long direction eddy generator, Tube Sheet of Heat Exchanger side or plate effluent that non-azeotropic working medium is installing this long direction eddy generator are moved, longitudinal turbulence is being formed after triangle is to the wing, longitudinal turbulence weakens after continuing certain distance, now organize triangle to the newly-generated longitudinal Vortex of wingheaviness through another, long direction eddy generator is arranged in whole pipeline section with this interval, to keep higher heat exchange efficiency.
As shown in Figure 6, in steam generator 1 working medium passage, rectangle is installed to wing long direction eddy generator, Tube Sheet of Heat Exchanger side or plate effluent that non-azeotropic working medium is installing this long direction eddy generator are moved, longitudinal turbulence is being formed after rectangle is to the wing, longitudinal turbulence weakens after continuing certain distance, now organize rectangle to the newly-generated longitudinal Vortex of wingheaviness through another, long direction eddy generator is arranged in whole pipeline section with this interval, to keep higher heat exchange efficiency.
Claims (7)
1. overcome the organic Rankine cycle devices of non-azeotropic working medium heat transfer deterioration with longitudinal Vortex, this device comprises steam generator (1), decompressor (2), generator (3), condenser (4), working medium pump (5); It is characterized in that, described steam generator (1) comprises working medium passage and heat-carrying circulation road, and described working medium channel setting is the long direction eddy generator enabling working medium produce longitudinal whirlpool; The sender property outlet (1-b) of described steam generator is connected with the entrance (2-a) of described decompressor; First outlet (2-b) of described decompressor is connected with the working medium entrance (4-a) of described condenser, and described decompressor second outlet is simultaneously connected with described generator (3); The sender property outlet (4-b) of described condenser is connected with working medium pump entrance (5-a); Described condenser (4) is also provided with cooling water inlet (4-c) and coolant outlet (4-d); Described working medium pump outlet (5-b) is connected with steam generator working medium entrance (1-a); Described steam generator (1) is also provided with heating agent fluid input (1-c) and heating agent fluid output (1-d).
2. organic Rankine cycle devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described long direction eddy generator structure is: described working medium channel setting is multiple continuous print intersection convergent-divergent oval structure, described intersection convergent-divergent oval structure comprises the first oval straight length (Z1) connected successively, First Transition section (Z2), second oval straight length (Z3), second changeover portion (Z4) and the 3rd oval straight length (Z5), wherein, the major axis of oval straight length (Z3) and minor axis are arranged vertically with second respectively for the major axis of the first oval straight length (Z1) and the 3rd oval straight length (Z5) and minor axis.
3. organic Rankine cycle devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described long direction eddy generator structure is: in described working medium passage, be provided with multiple delta wing, RECTANGULAR WINGS, triangle to the wing or rectangle to the wing, and above-mentioned multiple delta wing, RECTANGULAR WINGS, triangle are set in distance with a segment distance to the wing to the wing or rectangle.
4. organic Rankine cycle devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this device also comprises high temperature heat source (6), heating agent fluid pump (7), low-temperature heat source (8) and cooling waterpump (9); The heating agent fluid output (1-d) of described steam generator is connected with high temperature heat source entrance (6-a), described high temperature heat source outlet (6-b) is connected with the entrance (7-b) of described heating agent fluid pump, and described heating agent fluid delivery side of pump (7-b) is connected with the heating agent fluid input (1-c) of described steam generator; The coolant outlet (4-d) of described condenser is connected with low-temperature heat source entrance (8-a), the outlet (8-b) of described low-temperature heat source is connected with cooling waterpump entrance (9-a), and described cooling water delivery side of pump (9-b) is connected with the cooling water inlet (4-c) of described condenser.
5. organic Rankine cycle devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, be incubated steam generator (1) and condenser (4), thermal insulating material is rock wool or ceramic fiber cotton.
6. organic Rankine cycle devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described non-azeotropic mixed working medium is any one in two components, three components and four components.
7. organic Rankine cycle devices as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described high temperature heat source (6) adopts low grade heat energy or conventional energy resource.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1447089A (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2003-10-08 | 清华大学 | Rhombic intensified heat exchange tube |
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Application publication date: 20150107 |