CN104261925B - 好氧堆肥与秸秆干式厌氧发酵耦合*** - Google Patents
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Abstract
好氧堆肥与秸秆干式厌氧发酵耦合***属于生物质发酵技术;所述***包括生物碳废气净化器、秸秆干式厌氧发酵器和好氧堆肥器,配装第一气阀门的第一废气输送管将好氧堆肥器与秸秆干式厌氧发酵器连通,配装沼渣排放阀门的沼渣输运管两端分别与秸秆干式厌氧发酵器的排渣口和好氧堆肥器的入渣口连接,在沼渣输运管上配装沼渣输运总成,配装第二气阀门的第二废气输送管将秸秆干式厌氧发酵器与生物碳废气净化器连通;本***总体配置简单,工艺流程新颖合理,秸秆发酵速度快,秸秆降解率高,生产成本低,环境污染轻。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物质发酵技术,主要涉及一种好氧堆肥与秸秆干式厌氧发酵耦合***。
背景技术
随着人们对食品安全关注度的提高,使生物有机肥的需求量大增,目前生物有机肥主要是通过好氧堆肥的方式进行生产,在好氧堆肥过程中排出的废气含有大量的氨气、热量和水蒸气,直接排放到大气中不但造成资源的浪费,而且对环境造成严重的污染。同时我国是一个农业大国,每年产生大量的农作物秸秆,而这些秸秆大部分都被丢弃或焚烧,不但造成资源的巨大浪费而且对环境造成严重污染,如果将这些秸秆作为干式厌氧发酵的原料,在实现秸秆资源化的同时还可以弥补我国能源的不足,但是,由于秸秆主要是由木质素、纤维素和半纤维素构成,特别是木质素很难降解,所以秸秆在进行厌氧发酵前一般都需要进行预处理,破坏或者去除表面的木质素,进而加快厌氧发酵速度并提高秸秆降解率,目前在众多的预处理方法中氨化预处理以其简单高效等特点得到广泛应用。同时秸秆气化后产生的副产物生物碳表面较大,具有较强的吸附性。如果将好氧堆肥单元和秸秆干式厌氧发酵单元进行耦合,并利用生物碳高吸附性的特点,不但可以实现好氧堆肥后废气的高效资源化利用,而且还可以加快秸秆干式厌氧发酵速度并提高秸秆降解率,实现好氧堆肥和秸秆干式厌氧发酵的优势互补,在降低好氧堆肥和秸秆干式厌氧发酵成本的同时实现污染物的零排放,进而加快生物有机肥产业和生物质能源产业的发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对上述现有技术存在的问题,结合好氧堆肥和秸秆干式厌氧发酵生产作业实际需要,设计提供一种好氧堆肥与秸秆干式厌氧发酵耦合***,通过利用好氧堆肥发酵产生的废气向秸秆干式厌氧发酵器内补氮和提温,达到提高秸秆降解率和发酵速度、降低生产成本、充分利用秸秆有效成份、减轻环境污染的目的。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:好氧堆肥与秸秆干式厌氧发酵耦合***包括生物碳废气净化器、秸秆干式厌氧发酵器和好氧堆肥器;在所述生物碳废气净化器上连接安装清洁废气排放管和带有废弃生物碳物料排放阀门的废弃生物碳物料排放管;气泵通过进气管与好氧堆肥器连通,在所述好氧堆肥器上配装带有腐熟有机肥排放阀门的腐熟有机肥排放管;所述秸秆干式厌氧发酵器与带有第三气阀门的沼气输出管连接;配装第一气阀门的第一废气输送管将好氧堆肥器与秸秆干式厌氧发酵器连通,配装沼渣排放阀门的沼渣输运管两端分别与秸秆干式厌氧发酵器的排渣口和好氧堆肥器的入渣口连接,在所述沼渣输运管上配装沼渣输运总成;配装第二气阀门的第二废气输送管将秸秆干式厌氧发酵器与生物碳废气净化器连通。
本发明将好氧堆肥器、秸秆干式厌氧发酵器和生物碳废气净化器组合成一体,使好氧堆肥器产生的富含氨气、热量和水蒸气的废气通过管道通入秸秆干式厌氧发酵器内,这些废气中的氨气和水蒸气吸附在位于秸秆干式厌氧发酵器内的秸秆表面,废气中的热量使秸秆温度升高,进而实现对进行干式厌氧发酵前秸秆的氨化预处理,加快秸秆干式厌氧发酵速度并提高秸秆降解率,同时降低废气中的氨气含量,之后从秸秆干式厌氧发酵器内排出的含有少量氨气的废气进入到由生物碳组成的生物碳废气净化器内,进一步去除废气中的氨气,实现好氧堆肥排出废气的资源化和无味化,秸秆干式厌氧发酵器内经预处理后的秸秆发酵产生的剩余物沼渣输送到好氧堆肥器内作为好氧堆肥的原料,而废气净化器内失去吸附作用并富含氮素的生物碳与好氧堆肥器输出的腐熟好的有机肥混合生产生物有机肥,具有工艺过程合理、总体配置简单、秸秆发酵速度快、秸秆降解率高、降低生产成本、环境污染轻的特点。
附图说明
图1是好氧堆肥与秸秆干式厌氧发酵耦合***总体结构示意图。
图中件号说明:
1、生物碳废气净化器、2、第二废气输送管、3、第二气阀门、4、第三气阀门、5、沼气输出管、6、第一废气输送管、7、沼渣排放阀门、8、沼渣输运总成、9、秸秆干式厌氧发酵器、10、沼渣输运管、11、第一气阀门、12、腐熟有机肥排放阀门、13、腐熟有机肥排放管、14、好氧堆肥器、15、进气管、16、气泵、17、废弃生物碳物料排放阀门、18、废弃生物碳排放管、19、清洁废气排放管。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明实施方案进行详细描述。一种好氧堆肥与秸秆干式厌氧发酵耦合***包括生物碳废气净化器1、秸秆干式厌氧发酵器9和好氧堆肥器14;在所述生物碳废气净化器1上连接安装清洁废气排放管19和带有废弃生物碳物料排放阀门17的废弃生物碳物料排放管18;气泵16通过进气管15与好氧堆肥器14连通,在所述好氧堆肥器14上配装带有腐熟有机肥排放阀门12的腐熟有机肥排放管13;所述秸秆干式厌氧发酵器9与带有第三气阀门4的沼气输出管5连接;配装第一气阀门11的第一废气输送管6将好氧堆肥器14与秸秆干式厌氧发酵器9连通,配装沼渣排放阀门7的沼渣输运管10两端分别与秸秆干式厌氧发酵器9的排渣口和好氧堆肥器14的入渣口连接,在所述沼渣输运管10上配装沼渣输运总成8;配装第二气阀门3的第二废气输送管2将秸秆干式厌氧发酵器9与生物碳废气净化器1连通。
Claims (1)
1.一种好氧堆肥与秸秆干式厌氧发酵耦合***,包括生物碳废气净化器(1)、秸秆干式厌氧发酵器(9)和好氧堆肥器(14);在所述生物碳废气净化器(1)上连接安装清洁废气排放管(19)和带有废弃生物碳物料排放阀门(17)的废弃生物碳物料排放管(18);气泵(16)通过进气管(15)与好氧堆肥器(14)连通,在所述好氧堆肥器(14)上配装带有腐熟有机肥排放阀门(12)的腐熟有机肥排放管(13);所述秸秆干式厌氧发酵器(9)与带有第三气阀门(4)的沼气输出管(5)连接;其特征在于:配装第一气阀门(11)的第一废气输送管(6)将好氧堆肥器(14)与秸秆干式厌氧发酵器(9)连通,配装沼渣排放阀门(7)的沼渣输运管(10)两端分别与秸秆干式厌氧发酵器(9)的排渣口和好氧堆肥器(14)的入渣口连接,在所述沼渣输运管(10)上配装沼渣输运总成(8);配装第二气阀门(3)的第二废气输送管(2)将秸秆干式厌氧发酵器(9)与生物碳废气净化器(1)连通。
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CN105175045A (zh) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-23 | 东北农业大学 | 微藻养殖与木质纤维类废弃物发酵耦合*** |
CN108017417A (zh) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-05-11 | 中钢集团天澄环保科技股份有限公司 | 一种畜禽粪便废弃物资源化利用*** |
CN110760433A (zh) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-02-07 | 湖北农谷能源建设有限公司 | 干式厌氧发酵及有机肥发酵一体化*** |
CN110668852B (zh) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-12-25 | 重庆大学 | 利用餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵沼渣制备有机肥方法 |
CN112279247A (zh) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-29 | 山东大学 | 一种综合利用农业废弃物处理废气与修复土壤方法与装置 |
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FR2288719A1 (fr) * | 1974-08-02 | 1976-05-21 | Isman Marcel | Procede et appareil de traitement des lisiers |
CN101637778A (zh) * | 2009-08-25 | 2010-02-03 | 云南昆船设计研究院 | 一种有机废弃物综合处理工艺 |
CN102952827A (zh) * | 2011-08-17 | 2013-03-06 | 天津双象航宇科技发展有限公司 | 干式厌氧高温生产沼气的方法 |
CN103205465A (zh) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-07-17 | 盐城市新洋农业试验站 | 秸秆厌氧好氧一体化发酵方法 |
CN103436435A (zh) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-11 | 河南农业大学 | 一种农作物秸秆联合发酵装置 |
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