CN104259439B - A kind of preparation method of aluminium bronze-rustless steel double-metal composite - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of aluminium bronze-rustless steel double-metal composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN104259439B CN104259439B CN201410472280.6A CN201410472280A CN104259439B CN 104259439 B CN104259439 B CN 104259439B CN 201410472280 A CN201410472280 A CN 201410472280A CN 104259439 B CN104259439 B CN 104259439B
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- rustless steel
- aluminium bronze
- metal composite
- double
- pickling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/04—Casting by dipping
Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation method of a kind of aluminium bronze rustless steel double-metal composite, first by the rustless steel of pickling through surface deposition processes, then the rustless steel that surface deposition processes is crossed is positioned in corundum crucible, again aluminium bronze is placed on rustless steel, corundum crucible is placed in vacuum sintering furnace and carries out infiltration process, i.e. obtain aluminium bronze rustless steel double-metal composite.The preparation method of aluminium bronze rustless steel double-metal composite of the present invention, utilize aluminium bronze and rustless steel difference on fusing point, ensure aluminium bronze fusing under hot conditions, rustless steel keeps solid-state, through liquid-solid diffusion, it is achieved both metallurgical binding, the double metallic composite material of formation is in addition to having aluminium bronze and stainless respective superior function, the most also having higher bond strength, its interface bond strength is up to more than 600Mpa.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of composite preparation, be specifically related to the double gold of a kind of aluminium bronze-rustless steel
Belong to the preparation method of composite.
Background technology
Aluminium bronze is the copper alloy that a kind of combination property is good, especially has excellent wear-resisting, decay resistance,
Be widely used in manufacturing various top load wear part, as gear, bearing, disk, guiding rocker arm bush,
Flywheel, hold-doun nut, pressure inlet etc..But, improving aluminium bronze intensity, hardness and wearability
While, its elongation percentage, plasticity and impact flexibility will but ratio relatively low, it is thus impossible to separately as work
Journey structural member uses in the environment of high intensity, highly anti-fatigue.
Rustless steel, in addition to having excellent corrosion resistance, also has the high intensity of comparison, good tough
The advantage such as property and plasticity, it is adaptable to the top load parts in the fields such as mechanical industry, aviation, navigation, if
Two kinds of dissimilar materials of aluminium bronze and rustless steel are linked together by the method for special material molding, preparation
Become the aluminium bronze-rustless steel double-metal heterogeneous material compound of a kind of high comprehensive performance, it will collaborative performance
The respective feature performance benefit of both materials, it is achieved structure-function integration, its as high intensity antifriction,
Wear-resisting and resistant material is used widely, and also has in terms of High Voltage hydraulic system and high abrasion axle bush
It is widely applied prospect.
Since the eighties in 20th century, China successively manufactures multiple with powder metallurgy process, centre spinning method etc.
Close antifriction material bearing, acid bronze alloy-steel back of the body bimetallic bush and aluminium alloy-steel back of the body bi-metal shaft bushing, as
Modern bimetallic material application is the most wide, but the interface bond strength between bimetallic is low (little
In 300MPa), so the technology that is stably connected with reliably between bimetallic is also during constantly groping.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the preparation method of a kind of aluminium bronze-rustless steel double-metal composite,
Solve the problem that double metallic composite material interface bond strength that existing method prepares is low.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, the system of a kind of aluminium bronze-rustless steel double-metal composite
Preparation Method, first by the rustless steel of pickling through surface deposition processes, then by surface deposition processes mistake
Rustless steel be positioned in corundum crucible, then aluminium bronze is placed on rustless steel, corundum crucible is placed on
Vacuum sintering furnace carries out infiltration process, i.e. obtains aluminium bronze-rustless steel double-metal composite.
The feature of the present invention also resides in,
Stainless acid cleaning process is: rustless steel is immersed in 10% nitric acid ethanol and carries out pickling, pickling 1～
3min, more standby with being saved in after alcohol washes in kerosene.
The detailed process of surface deposition processes is: with alcohol rinse stainless steel surfaces oil stain, be subsequently placed into thing
Evacuation in physical vapor deposition stove, when vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, stainless steel surfaces is deposited
CuNi material 10～30min.
The detailed process that infiltration processes is: infiltration processing procedure is high in the micro-computer controlled vacuum of ZRS-18Q type
Temperature sintering furnace completes, in order to prevent from occurring on interface oxide, first to ZRS-18Q type microcomputer journey
Control vacuum high-temperature sintering stove evacuation, when in sintering furnace, vacuum reaches 3.0 × 10-3Pa～9.0 × 10-3Pa
After begin to warm up sintering 40～80min, after heating-up temperature to 1050～1200 DEG C be incubated 0.5～3h, treat
Rustless steel is infiltrated by aluminium bronze liquation completely, and cold after stainless steel surfaces is sufficiently carried out liquid-solid diffusion
But.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the preparation side of aluminium bronze of the present invention-rustless steel double-metal composite
Method, at CuNi (10-30) material of stainless steel surfaces physical deposition suitable thickness, prevents stainless steel watch
The secondary of face passivation layer produces, and also helps it and spreads to aluminium bronze and rustless steel both sides；Utilize aluminium bronze
With rustless steel difference on fusing point, it is ensured that aluminium bronze fusing under hot conditions, rustless steel keeps solid-state,
Through liquid-solid diffusion, it is achieved both metallurgical binding, the double metallic composite material of formation is except having aluminium bronze
Outside with stainless respective superior function, the most also there is higher bond strength, its interface bond strength
Up to more than 600Mpa.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that embodiment 2 prepares aluminium bronze/rustless steel double-metal composite material interface land tissue.
In figure, 1 organizes for rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti, and 2 combination interface tissues, 3 is aluminium bronze QAl9-4
Tissue.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail with detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The preparation method of aluminium bronze of the present invention-rustless steel double-metal composite, first by pickling not
The rustless steel that surface deposition processes is crossed, through surface deposition processes, is then positioned over corundum crucible by rust steel
In, then aluminium bronze is placed on rustless steel, corundum crucible is just carried out at infiltration in vacuum sintering furnace
Reason, i.e. obtains aluminium bronze-rustless steel double-metal composite.
Specifically implement according to following steps:
Step 1, acid-washing stainless steel
According to required size processing stainless steel raw material, after processing, rustless steel is immersed in 10% nitric acid wine
Progress greatly row pickling, pickling 1～3min, more standby with being saved in after alcohol washes in kerosene；
Step 2, stainless steel surfaces deposition processes
Rustless steel alcohol rinse surface oil stain step 1 processed, is subsequently placed into physical vapour deposition (PVD) stove
Middle evacuation, when vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, stainless steel surfaces is deposited CuNi material
(with the ratio of Ni in rustless steel close to 1:1 in CuNi (10-30) material, be conducive to spreading connection) 10～
30min；
Step 3, infiltration processes
Rustless steel step 2 processed is positioned in corundum crucible, then aluminium bronze is placed in rustless steel it
On, corundum crucible is placed in ZRS-18Q type micro-computer controlled vacuum high-temperature sintering stove and carries out infiltration process,
In order to prevent from occurring on interface oxide, first micro-computer controlled to ZRS-18Q type vacuum high-temperature sintering stove
Evacuation, when in sintering furnace, vacuum reaches 3.0 × 10-3Pa～9.0 × 10-3Begin to warm up after Pa sintering 40～
80min, is incubated 0.5～3h, treats that aluminium bronze liquation completely will not after heating-up temperature to 1050～1200 DEG C
Rust steel infiltration, and cool down after stainless steel surfaces is sufficiently carried out liquid-solid diffusion, to obtain final product.
CuNi (10-30) material deposits material as stainless steel surfaces, Ni constituent content therein with not
Rust steel in Ni content close, when preparing aluminium bronze/rustless steel double-metal composite, be conducive to
Aluminium bronze and the diffusion of rustless steel both sides, it is achieved metallurgical binding between aluminium bronze and rustless steel.
The preparation method of aluminium bronze of the present invention-rustless steel double-metal composite, combination interface is uniform, no
Being restricted by interface shape, the most also have higher bond strength, its interface bond strength is up to 600Mpa
Above, its preparation technology is simple and reliable, environmental protection.
Embodiment 1
Prepare aluminium bronze QAl9-4/ rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti double metallic composite material, by rustless steel
1Cr18Ni9Ti maching dimension is Φ 30mm × 50mm cylinder, and meanwhile, preparing size is
The aluminium bronze QAl9-4 material of Φ 30mm × 60mm；
Rustless steel 0Cr18Ni9Ti is immersed in 10% nitric acid ethanol and carries out pickling, pickling 1min, then use
It is saved in kerosene standby after alcohol washes；
By the rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti of pickling alcohol rinse surface oil stain, it is subsequently placed into physical vapor
Evacuation in cvd furnace, when vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti surface
Deposition CuNi10 material 15min；
Rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti surface deposition processes crossed is positioned in corundum crucible, then aluminum is blue or green
Copper QAl9-4 material is placed on rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti, by corundum crucible ZRS-18Q type microcomputer journey
In control vacuum high-temperature sintering stove, vacuum high-temperature sintering stove evacuation micro-computer controlled to ZRS-18Q type, when
In sintering furnace, vacuum reaches 3.0 × 10-3Begin to warm up after Pa and sinter 40min, heating-up temperature to 1080 DEG C,
It is incubated 0.5 hour, treats that rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti is infiltrated by aluminium bronze QAl9-4 liquation completely, and
Rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti surface cools down after being sufficiently carried out liquid-solid diffusion, obtains aluminium bronze QAl9-4/ not
Rust steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti double metallic composite material, interface bond strength is up to 650MPa.
Embodiment 2
Prepare albronze QAl 10-4-4-3-1.5/ rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 double metallic composite material, will not
Rust steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 maching dimension is Φ 30mm × 50mm cylinder, meanwhile, prepares chi
Very little size is the albronze QAl 10-4-4-3-1.5 material of Φ 30mm × 60mm；
Rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 is immersed in 10% nitric acid ethanol and carries out pickling, pickling 2min, then
Standby with being saved in after alcohol washes in kerosene；
By the rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 of pickling alcohol rinse surface oil stain, it is subsequently placed into physics gas
Evacuation in phase cvd furnace, when vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2
Surface deposition CuNi15 material 20min；
Rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 surface deposition processes crossed is positioned in corundum crucible, then by aluminum
Bronze QAl10-3-1.5 material is placed on rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2, by corundum crucible ZRS-18Q
In type micro-computer controlled vacuum high-temperature sintering stove, vacuum high-temperature sintering stove micro-computer controlled to ZRS-18Q type is taken out
Vacuum, when in sintering furnace, vacuum reaches 9.0 × 10-3Sintering 40min, heating-up temperature is begun to warm up after Pa
To 1120 DEG C, it is incubated 1.5h, treats that albronze QAl 10-4-4-3-1.5 liquation is completely by rustless steel
0Cr17Ni14Mo2 infiltrates, and is sufficiently carried out liquid-solid diffusion on rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 surface
Rear cooling, obtains albronze QAl 10-4-4-3-1.5/ rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 double metallic composite material,
The interface bond strength of albronze QAl 10-4-4-3-1.5 and rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 is up to 680MPa.
Embodiment 3
Prepare albronze QAl 10-4-4-4-4/ rustless steel 0Cr25Ni20 double metallic composite material, by rustless steel
0Cr25Ni20 maching dimension is Φ 30mm × 50mm cylinder, and meanwhile, preparing size is
Albronze QAl 10-4-4-4-4 the material of Φ 30mm × 60mm；
Rustless steel 0Cr25Ni20 is immersed in 10% nitric acid ethanol and carries out pickling, pickling 3min, then use
It is saved in kerosene standby after alcohol washes；
By the rustless steel 0Cr25Ni20 of pickling alcohol rinse surface oil stain, it is subsequently placed into physical vapor and sinks
Evacuation in long-pending stove, when vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, rustless steel 0Cr25Ni20 surface is sunk
Long-pending CuNi20 material 25min；
Rustless steel 0Cr25Ni20 surface deposition processes crossed is positioned in corundum crucible, then by aluminium bronze
QAl10-4-4 material is placed on rustless steel 0Cr25Ni20, by corundum crucible ZRS-18Q type microcomputer journey
In control vacuum high-temperature sintering stove, vacuum high-temperature sintering stove evacuation micro-computer controlled to ZRS-18Q type, when
In sintering furnace, vacuum reaches 6.0 × 10-3Begin to warm up after Pa and sinter 80min, heating-up temperature to 1180 DEG C,
Insulation 1h, treats that rustless steel 0Cr25Ni20 is infiltrated by albronze QAl 10-4-4-4-4 liquation completely, and stainless
Steel 0Cr25Ni20 surface cools down after being sufficiently carried out liquid-solid diffusion, obtains albronze QAl 10-4-4-4-4/ stainless
Steel 0Cr25Ni20 double metallic composite material, its interface bond strength is up to 720MPa..
Fig. 1 is the aluminium bronze QAl9-4/ rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti bimetallic composite wood of embodiment 1 preparation
The interfacial transition zone tissue of material 1 is rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti tissue in Fig. 1,2 combination interface tissues,
3 organize for aluminium bronze QAl9-4, and combination interface tissue has carried out metallurgy with rustless steel and aluminium bronze respectively
In conjunction with, therefore, obtain higher interface bond strength.
Embodiment 4
Prepare aluminium bronze QAl9-4/ rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti double metallic composite material, by rustless steel
1Cr18Ni9Ti maching dimension is Φ 30mm × 50mm cylinder, and meanwhile, preparing size is
The aluminium bronze QAl9-4 material of Φ 30mm × 60mm；
Rustless steel 0Cr18Ni9Ti is immersed in 10% nitric acid ethanol and carries out pickling, pickling 3min, then use
It is saved in kerosene standby after alcohol washes；
By the rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti of pickling alcohol rinse surface oil stain, it is subsequently placed into physical vapor
Evacuation in cvd furnace, when vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti surface
Deposition CuNi10 material 10min；
Rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti surface deposition processes crossed is positioned in corundum crucible, then aluminum is blue or green
Copper QAl9-4 material is placed on rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti, by corundum crucible ZRS-18Q type microcomputer journey
In control vacuum high-temperature sintering stove, vacuum high-temperature sintering stove evacuation micro-computer controlled to ZRS-18Q type, when
In sintering furnace, vacuum reaches 5.0 × 10-3Begin to warm up after Pa and sinter 50min, heating-up temperature to 1200 DEG C,
It is incubated 2 hours, treats that rustless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti is infiltrated by aluminium bronze QAl9-4 liquation completely, and not
Rust steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti surface cools down after being sufficiently carried out liquid-solid diffusion, obtains aluminium bronze QAl9-4/ stainless
Steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti double metallic composite material, bond strength is up to 700MPa.
Embodiment 5
Prepare albronze QAl 10-4-4-3-1.5/ rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 double metallic composite material, will not
Rust steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 maching dimension is Φ 30mm × 50mm cylinder, meanwhile, prepares chi
Very little size is the albronze QAl 10-4-4-3-1.5 material of Φ 30mm × 60mm；
Rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 is immersed in 10% nitric acid ethanol and carries out pickling, pickling 2min, then
Standby with being saved in after alcohol washes in kerosene；
By the rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 of pickling alcohol rinse surface oil stain, it is subsequently placed into physics gas
Evacuation in phase cvd furnace, when vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, to rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2
Surface deposition CuNi15 material 30min；
Rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 surface deposition processes crossed is positioned in corundum crucible, then by aluminum
Bronze QAl10-3-1.5 material is placed on rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2, by corundum crucible ZRS-18Q
In type micro-computer controlled vacuum high-temperature sintering stove, vacuum high-temperature sintering stove micro-computer controlled to ZRS-18Q type is taken out
Vacuum, when in sintering furnace, vacuum reaches 8.0 × 10-3Sintering 60min, heating-up temperature is begun to warm up after Pa
To 1050 DEG C, it is incubated 3h, treats that albronze QAl 10-4-4-3-1.5 liquation is completely by rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2
Infiltration, and cool down after rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 surface is sufficiently carried out liquid-solid diffusion, obtain aluminum
Bronze QAl10-3-1.5/ rustless steel 0Cr17Ni14Mo2 double metallic composite material.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of aluminium bronze-rustless steel double-metal composite, it is characterised in that first will
The rustless steel that surface deposition processes is crossed, through surface deposition processes, is then positioned over by the rustless steel of pickling
In corundum crucible, then aluminium bronze is placed on rustless steel, is placed in vacuum sintering furnace by corundum crucible
Row infiltration processes, and i.e. obtains aluminium bronze-rustless steel double-metal composite；
The detailed process of surface deposition processes is: with alcohol rinse stainless steel surfaces oil stain, be subsequently placed into thing
Evacuation in physical vapor deposition stove, when vacuum reaches 6.67 × 10-2After Pa, stainless steel surfaces is deposited
CuNi material 10～30min；
The detailed process that infiltration processes is: infiltration processing procedure is high in the micro-computer controlled vacuum of ZRS-18Q type
Temperature sintering furnace completes, in order to prevent from occurring on interface oxide, first to ZRS-18Q type microcomputer journey
Control vacuum high-temperature sintering stove evacuation, when in sintering furnace, vacuum reaches 3.0 × 10-3Pa～9.0 × 10-3Pa
After begin to warm up sintering 40～80min, after heating-up temperature to 1050～1200 DEG C be incubated 0.5～3h, treat
Rustless steel is infiltrated by aluminium bronze liquation completely, and cold after stainless steel surfaces is sufficiently carried out liquid-solid diffusion
But.
The preparation method of aluminium bronze the most according to claim 1-rustless steel double-metal composite, its
Being characterised by, stainless acid cleaning process is: rustless steel is immersed in 10% nitric acid ethanol and carries out pickling,
Pickling 1～3min, more standby with being saved in after alcohol washes in kerosene.
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| CN201410472280.6A CN104259439B (en) | 2014-09-16 | 2014-09-16 | A kind of preparation method of aluminium bronze-rustless steel double-metal composite |
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| CN104259439B true CN104259439B (en) | 2016-10-05 |
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| JP3325033B2 (en) * | 1991-12-03 | 2002-09-17 | オイレス工業株式会社 | Multi-layer sintered sliding member and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN1122268A (en) * | 1994-11-03 | 1996-05-15 | 胡俊威 | Producing method for bimetal copper-steel material |
| JP4349719B2 (en) * | 2000-04-28 | 2009-10-21 | エヌデーシー株式会社 | Aluminum bronze sintered bearing material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN1389319A (en) * | 2001-06-01 | 2003-01-08 | 赵军 | Making process of combined copper-steel workpiece |
| CN102848634B (en) * | 2012-03-22 | 2015-07-08 | 福州联其铜铅钢带制造有限公司 | Easily-molded environment-friendly beryllium bronze-steel bimetallic bearing material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102773253B (en) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-05-21 | 常州大学 | Steel-aluminum bronze bimetal material compounding method |
| CN102773462B (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2014-02-19 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing CuW/ZL101A bimetal composite materials |
| CN103722294B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2016-01-27 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of chromiumcopper and stainless method of attachment |
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