CN104255717A - Orchard anti-frost smoke agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of crop frost prevention, and specifically relates to an orchard anti-frost smoke agent and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: placing white clay and peat soil into a reactor with a temperature of 20 to 25 DEG C and a pressure of 0.2 to 0.3 MPa to carry out reactions, then mixing the mixture I with white sugar after the reactions, and placing the mixture II in a place with a temperature of 40 to 45 DEG C for 2 to 3 days so as to obtain the smoke agent; through the preparation method mentioned above, the smoking speed is accelerated, and moreover the smoke particles are evenly dispersed, so that the efficiency of the smoke agent on preventing frost is greatly improved. The raw materials are easily available in rural area, the economic burden on farmers is reduced, and thus the smoke agent is easy to promote. Furthermore, the smoke agent can be co-used with a timing firework igniter, so that an operator can carry out remote and timing operation, and the work burden is largely reduced for farmers.

Description

A kind of orchard frost prevention smoke agent and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to crops frost damage prevention and control field, be specifically related to a kind of orchard frost prevention smoke agent and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

In production of fruit trees; some areas of China; particularly orchard in mountain area often can suffer the harm of late frost in early spring; light cause fruit tree young shoot, flower, young fruit and the tender tip injure; cause that floral organ is impaired, poor pollination, deformed fruit, affect output; serious cause flower, really, young sprout freezed to death entirely, fruit drop, weak tree is freezed to death.And often make walnut cause rot and canker because of freeze injury, make tree body major injuries, annual total crop failure is even caused in area serious individually.

Through investigation, can there are late frost harm 4 ~ 6 times for every 10 years in the orchard in mountain area of the northern provinces and regions such as Henan, Hebei, Shanxi and Shaanxi, Shandong occurs 2 ~ 3 times.As area, Fenyang, Shanxi Province in 2013, Xishan District, Henan, Henan late frost causes large-area walnut, apricot, persimmon, the apple underproduction or total crop failure, suffer heavy losses, and the serious contusion enthusiasm for production of orchard worker, constrains the development of fruits industry.

In present production, countermeasure is the method by biology, physics or chemistry, improves orchard microclimate, reduces the variations in temperature of tree body, improves atmospheric humidity, avoids cold air to assemble, and realizes the harm alleviating late frost.

Current modal pre-frost protection method is orchard fumigation.At blooming of fruit trees and young fruit period, according to local weather forecast, in frost arrive before morning 3 time temperature be down to-1 DEG C time, lighted by the fumigation material (fallen leaves, stalk, weeds etc.) being deposited in public attention on orchard in advance, a large amount of smog of generation can alleviate frost damage effectively.But it is fuming, speed is slow, and smoke particle is uneven, effectively can not alleviate frost damage.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of orchard frost prevention smoke agent and preparation method thereof, speed of being not only fuming is fast, and smoke particle is even, effectively can alleviate frost damage.

The present invention is for solving the problem, the technical scheme taked is: a kind of orchard frost prevention smoke agent, described aerosol is made up of white sugar, potassium nitrate, white clay, peat soil, Cosan and ammonium chloride, and the mass ratio preparing each component needed for aerosol is 20:16:1:1:1:2.

The preparation method of described orchard frost prevention smoke agent, comprises the following steps:

Step one, take each component by the mass ratio of described each component, each component is put into mortar respectively and grinds, and cross 80 mesh sieves, for subsequent use;

Step 2, white clay step one prepared and peat soil put into that temperature is 20-25 DEG C, pressure is the reactor of 0.2-0.3MPa, insulation 2-3h, and obtained mixture I is for subsequent use;

Step 3, mixture I mixed with white sugar and stirs, the temperature that is placed on be stack 2-3 days in the environment of 40-45 DEG C, obtained mixture II, for subsequent use;

Step 4, mixture II to be mixed with potassium nitrate, Cosan, ammonium chloride and the i.e. obtained orchard frost prevention smoke agent that stirs.

beneficial effect

One, by white clay and peat soil being put into, temperature is 20-25 DEG C, pressure is the reaction kettle for reaction of 0.2-0.3MPa in the present invention, reacted mixture I and white sugar being mixed afterwards again and being incorporated in temperature is stack 2-3 days in the environment of 40-45 DEG C, improve the speed of being fuming, and smoke particle is uniformly dispersed, thus substantially increase the efficiency utilizing aerosol frost protection.

Two, the raw material in the present invention is all that rural area is handy, reduces the financial burden of peasant, is convenient to promote.

Three, aerosol of the present invention can also with timing fireworks fire-works firing device with the use of, realize that operating personnel are remote, timing uses, significantly reduce the work load of peasant.

Embodiment

A kind of orchard frost prevention smoke agent, described aerosol is made up of white sugar, potassium nitrate, white clay, peat soil, Cosan and ammonium chloride, and the mass ratio preparing each component needed for aerosol is 20:16:1:1:1:2.

The preparation method of described orchard frost prevention smoke agent, comprises the following steps:

Step one, take each component by the mass ratio of described each component, each component is put into mortar respectively and grinds, and cross 80 mesh sieves, for subsequent use;

Step 2, white clay step one prepared and peat soil put into that temperature is 20-25 DEG C, pressure is the reactor of 0.2-0.3MPa, insulation 2-3h, and obtained mixture I is for subsequent use;

Step 3, mixture I mixed with white sugar and stirs, the temperature that is placed on be stack 2-3 days in the environment of 40-45 DEG C, obtained mixture II, for subsequent use;

Step 4, mixture II to be mixed with potassium nitrate, Cosan, ammonium chloride and the i.e. obtained orchard frost prevention smoke agent that stirs.

Embodiment 1

A kind of orchard frost prevention smoke agent, described aerosol is made up of white sugar, potassium nitrate, white clay, peat soil, Cosan and ammonium chloride, and the mass ratio preparing each component needed for aerosol is 20:16:1:1:1:2.

The preparation method of described orchard frost prevention smoke agent, comprises the following steps:

Step one, take each component by the mass ratio of described each component, each component is put into mortar respectively and grinds, and cross 80 mesh sieves, for subsequent use;

Step 2, white clay step one prepared and peat soil put into that temperature is 20 DEG C, pressure is the reactor of 0.2MPa, insulation 2h, and obtained mixture I is for subsequent use;

Step 3, mixture I mixed with white sugar and stirs, the temperature that is placed on be stack 2 days in the environment of 40 DEG C, obtained mixture II, for subsequent use;

Step 4, mixture II to be mixed with potassium nitrate, Cosan, ammonium chloride and the i.e. obtained orchard frost prevention smoke agent that stirs.

Embodiment 2

A kind of orchard frost prevention smoke agent, described aerosol is made up of white sugar, potassium nitrate, white clay, peat soil, Cosan and ammonium chloride, and the mass ratio preparing each component needed for aerosol is 20:16:1:1:1:2.

The preparation method of described orchard frost prevention smoke agent, comprises the following steps:

Step one, take each component by the mass ratio of described each component, each component is put into mortar respectively and grinds, and cross 80 mesh sieves, for subsequent use;

Step 2, white clay step one prepared and peat soil put into that temperature is 25 DEG C, pressure is the reactor of 0.3MPa, insulation 3h, and obtained mixture I is for subsequent use;

Step 3, mixture I mixed with white sugar and stirs, the temperature that is placed on be stack 3 days in the environment of 45 DEG C, obtained mixture II, for subsequent use;

Step 4, mixture II to be mixed with potassium nitrate, Cosan, ammonium chloride and the i.e. obtained orchard frost prevention smoke agent that stirs.

Test 1

Choose the orchard that A, B, C tri-environmental conditions are similar, and in orchard, fruit tree growth situation is similar.A group sprays aerosol of the present invention, and B group sprinkling the present invention removes the aerosol after peat soil, and C group adopts commercially available aerosol.

Result shows: the speed of being fuming of A group aerosol can reach 45-60 second/10 grams, and smoke particle dispersion is very even, and orchard frost is resolved; The speed of being fuming of B group aerosol can reach 35-50 second/10 grams, smoke particle dispersion is comparatively even, and orchard frost obtains alleviation to a certain extent; The speed of being fuming of C group aerosol be 30-40 second/10 grams, smoke particle dispersion is uneven, and orchard frost is not well solved.

Claims (2)

1. an orchard frost prevention smoke agent, is characterized in that: described aerosol is made up of white sugar, potassium nitrate, white clay, peat soil, Cosan and ammonium chloride, and the mass ratio preparing each component needed for aerosol is 20:16:1:1:1:2.

2. the preparation method of a kind of orchard according to claim 1 frost prevention smoke agent, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

Step one, take each component by the mass ratio of component each described in claim 1, each component is put into mortar respectively and grinds, and cross 80 mesh sieves, for subsequent use;

Step 2, white clay step one prepared and peat soil put into that temperature is 20-25 DEG C, pressure is the reactor of 0.2-0.3MPa, insulation 2-3h, and obtained mixture I is for subsequent use;

Step 3, mixture I mixed with white sugar and stirs, the temperature that is placed on be stack 2-3 days in the environment of 40-45 DEG C, obtained mixture II, for subsequent use;

Step 4, mixture II to be mixed with potassium nitrate, Cosan, ammonium chloride and the i.e. obtained orchard frost prevention smoke agent that stirs.