CN104253562A - Surrounding-type single-electrode frictional nanometer generator, power generation method and tracking device - Google Patents
Surrounding-type single-electrode frictional nanometer generator, power generation method and tracking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104253562A CN104253562A CN201310269033.1A CN201310269033A CN104253562A CN 104253562 A CN104253562 A CN 104253562A CN 201310269033 A CN201310269033 A CN 201310269033A CN 104253562 A CN104253562 A CN 104253562A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
Abstract
Disclosed are a surrounding-type single-electrode frictional nanometer generator, a power generation method and a tracking device. The single-electrode frictional generator is formed according to the principle that polymer materials and metal materials have different frictional electricity properties, and a tracking system based on the generator is produced. The tracking system is an array matrix formed by a plurality of generator units; when an object moves on the tracking system, pressure acts on the generator to cause contact between two layers of frictional electricity materials of the generator, and electric signals are output to the outside; when the object leaves the generator, the two layers of frictional electricity materials constituting the generator are separated from each other due to the action of elastic materials, and the electric signals are also output to the outside. The tracking system based on the frictional generator can track moving paths of some objects, and has the advantages of low cost, automatic drive, simple structure and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of friction nanometer power generator, particularly a kind of enclosed single electrode friction nanometer power generator, generating set, electricity-generating method and the follow-up mechanism based on this generator.
Background technology
The operation principle of friction nanometer power generator be based on two kinds of materials with differentiated friction electrical characteristics between contact with each other and to generate electricity with being separated.But all friction nanometer power generator being seen in report at present all need two electrode layers, wherein at least one electrode layer needs to be formed on the surface of friction film material by deposition of conductive metals, and realizes external electric energy output by these two electrode layers.This generator, on the one hand because the deposition of metal causes element manufacturing cost higher, also requires that the thickness of friction material must be within the specific limits in addition on the one hand.These limiting factors hamper applying of friction nanometer power generator greatly.
Tracing system has a wide range of applications in security monitoring, man-machine interface and medical science, and general tracing system is by providing the information of time and position to realize tracking to object movement and location.Existing tracing system mainly realizes following the trail of based on the sensor network of some optics, magnetics and mechanics, and externally fed is absolutely necessary for these transducers.A large amount of power consumption makes these tracing systems existing be difficult to be widely used in the energy crisis in future, and developing a kind of self-driven tracing system is the key fundamentally solving these long term device and steady operation.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency of the prior art, the enclosed single electrode friction nanometer power generator that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of structure simple, with low cost, generating set, electricity-generating method and the self-driven follow-up mechanism based on this generator.
In order to achieve the above object, first the present invention provides a kind of enclosed single electrode friction nanometer power generator, it is characterized in that comprising and there is elastic bending deformation behavior and the first component surrounding a cavity and the second component be at least partly in described cavity, described first component is frictional layer or electrode layer towards at least part of inner surface of second component, described second component is electrode layer or frictional layer towards at least part of outer surface of described first component, described electrode layer is electrically connected with equipotential source, described frictional layer can come in contact with at least part of surface of electrode layer and be separated under the flexible effect of external force with described first component, export the signal of telecommunication by described electrode layer and described equipotential source simultaneously,
Preferably, there is friction electrode sequence difference between described frictional layer and described electrode layer;
Preferably, described frictional layer is selected from polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, dimethyl silicone polymer, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene chloride, CPPG, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, polyvinyl butyral resin, nylon, polyacrylonitrile and poly-biphenol carbonic ester;
Preferably, described electrode layer is electric conducting material, is selected from the semiconductor of metal, indium tin oxide, organic substance conductor or doping;
Preferably, metal described in it is selected from gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy to be formed by above-mentioned metal, described organic substance conductor is conducting polymer, comprises from polypyrrole, polyphenylene sulfide, poly-phthalocyanine-like compound, polyaniline and polythiophene;
Preferably, described electrode layer is film or body phase material, and wherein the thickness of film is 10nm-5mm;
Preferably, described frictional layer towards the surface of described electrode layer, and/or, described electrode layer towards on the surface of frictional layer, all or part of micro-structural being distributed with micron or secondary micron dimension;
Preferably, described micro-structural is selected from nano wire, nanotube, nano particle, nanometer rods, nano flower, nanometer channel, micron trenches, nanocone, micron cone, nanosphere and micron chondritic, and the array formed by aforementioned structure;
Preferably, described frictional layer is towards the surface of described electrode layer, and/or described electrode layer, towards on the surface of frictional layer, has interspersing or coating of nano material;
Preferably, described frictional layer is towards the surface of described electrode layer, and/or, described electrode layer is towards the surface of frictional layer, through chemical modification, the electrode sequence that rubs in the two introduces for negative surface the functional group easily obtaining electronics relatively, and/or the electrode sequence that rubs in the two is relatively for the functional group easily losing electronics is introduced on positive surface;
Preferably, described first component is described frictional layer or electrode layer towards whole inner surfaces of described cavity;
Preferably, described first component is non-close structure, and the upper and lower surface of described second component is fixed with the nonocclusive edge of described first component respectively, makes the part of described second component be positioned at cavity;
Preferably, described first component is closed surface or full-closed structure;
Preferably, described closed surface is the cylinder of hollow; Described full-closed structure is the hollow pie structure of the spheroid of hollow, the spheroid of hollow, the polyhedron of hollow or thick middle, thin edge;
Preferably, described second component is film, polyhedron, cylinder or spheroid;
Preferably, described second component is slab construction;
Preferably, described second component is the curved-surface structure of fitting with the portion inner surface of first component;
Preferably, in the process of described separation, length and the width dimensions of the maximum separation spacing that the part that described frictional layer and electrode layer surface contact with each other can reach and the two contact-making surface are comparable or larger;
Preferably, the ratio of the length of described maximum separation spacing and described contact-making surface, and the ratio of the width of described maximum spacing and described contact-making surface is all between 1-100;
Preferably, described equipotential source is provided by ground connection;
Preferably, described electrical connection realizes by needing the external circuit of power supply;
Preferably, also comprise load, and described electrode layer is electrically connected with described equipotential source by described load;
Preferably, the elastic bending deformation behavior of described first component is provided by described frictional layer or electrode layer, or provided by first support component comprised in addition, described first support component is fitted in the outer surface of the frictional layer of described first component or electrode layer described cavity dorsad;
Preferably, described first support component is selected from polyimides, PETG and polystyrene;
Preferably, described first support component thickness is between 50 μm to 10mm;
Preferably, described second component also comprises second support component, and its lateral surface and described frictional layer or electrode layer are fitted;
Preferably, described second support component is rigid material.
The present invention also provides a kind of single electrode friction nanometer power generator group, it is characterized in that being formed by more than 2 aforementioned arbitrary money single electrode parallel operation of generators, and the signal of telecommunication that each generator exports is monitored separately or unified monitoring;
Preferably, described more than 2 generators form described generating set by longitudinally superposing;
Preferably, described more than 2 generators are by the described generating set of horizontal formation placed side by side;
Preferably, all generators share a flat described second component;
Preferably, the first component of described more than 2 generators is different at least partly, or identical.
The present invention also provides a kind of electricity-generating method, can use any generator or generating set disclosed in the present invention, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) frictional layer is provided,
(2) electrode layer is provided,
(3) described electrode layer is formed with equipotential source be electrically connected;
(4) apply external force to make between described frictional layer and at least part of surface of described electrode layer, to form at least one contact-separation cycle;
(5) in the process of step (4), the signal of telecommunication is exported by described electrode layer and described equipotential source;
Preferably, described in step (4), frictional layer contacts completely with described electrode layer;
Preferably, what apply in step (4) is direction punctuated turning over or the periodically variable continuous disturbances of size.
The present invention also provides a kind of follow-up mechanism based on above-mentioned single electrode friction nanometer power generator, it is characterized in that comprising:
More than 2 any one generator aforementioned, the outer surface of the described first component of each described generator is all arranged on the surface that tracked object advances, and described electrode layer and described frictional layer can under the pressure of tracked object at least part of surface contact, and restore to the original state after tracked object leaves, the signal of telecommunication that each generator exports independently is monitored.
Compared with prior art, single electrode friction nanometer power generator of the present invention has following advantages:
1, made first based on unipolar friction nanometer power generator, only need with a friction electric polymer material and an electric conducting material, just can be made into nano generator, no longer need, at the plating metal on surface electrode layer of friction electric polymer material, to greatly reduce cost of manufacture.
2, first passage mode single-end earthed achieves the signal of telecommunication output of friction nanometer power generator, and the circuit greatly simplified in use connects, and makes its range of application obtain obvious expansion.
3, friction generator array is used to make self-driven follow-up mechanism first.This device is based on the effective detection realized alternately object mobile route being detected object and environment.This device does not need outside power supply unit, and the main object that relies on is in moving process, and the signal that the friction generator triggered sends, realizes the detection to object.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Shown in accompanying drawing, above-mentioned and other object of the present invention, Characteristics and advantages will be more clear.Reference numeral identical in whole accompanying drawing indicates identical part.Deliberately do not draw accompanying drawing by actual size equal proportion convergent-divergent, focus on demonstrating purport of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of typical structure schematic diagram of enclosed single electrode friction generator of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the fundamental diagram of enclosed single electrode friction generator of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of enclosed single electrode friction generator of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of enclosed single electrode friction generator of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of enclosed single electrode friction generator of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of enclosed single electrode friction generator of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of enclosed single electrode friction generator of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of enclosed single electrode friction generator of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of enclosed single electrode friction generator of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of enclosed single electrode friction generator of the present invention;
Figure 11 is a kind of typical structure schematic diagram of single electrode triboelectricity unit of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of single electrode triboelectricity unit of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of single electrode triboelectricity unit of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the typical structure schematic diagram of the follow-up mechanism that the present invention is based on single electrode friction generator;
Figure 15 is the photo in kind of enclosed single electrode friction generator prepared by embodiment 1;
Figure 16 is the photo in kind of the generating set of embodiment 2, signal of telecommunication output map and operationally light the live-pictures of LCD lamp;
Figure 17 is the circuit connection diagram of the follow-up mechanism of embodiment 3, photo in kind and electric response figure operationally.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Secondly, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with schematic diagram, and when describing the embodiment of the present invention in detail, for ease of illustrating, described schematic diagram is example, and it should not limit the scope of protection of the invention at this.
" ground connection " alleged in the present invention refers to be connected to and can provide or accept on the object of a large amount of electric charge, wherein " " refer to that the current potential of any point is taken as the earth or the conductive materials of zero as usual, the metal shell etc. on such as naval vessel or delivery vehicle.
" friction electrode sequence " described in the present invention, refer to the sequence carried out according to the attraction degree of material to electric charge, bi-material is in the moment of phase mutual friction, and on rubbing surface, negative electrical charge is transferred to from the material surface of friction electrode sequence Semi-polarity calibration the material surface that friction electrode sequence Semi-polarity comparatively bears.Such as, when macromolecular material polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) contacts with metal material aluminium foil, aluminium foil strip positive electricity, obtains electronic capability more weak, and macromolecular material polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) is electronegative, obtains electronic capability stronger.Up to now, also do not have the mechanism of the explanation Charger transfer that a kind of unified theory can be complete, it is generally acknowledged, this Charger transfer is relevant with the surface work function of material, realizes Charger transfer by the transfer on the contact surface of electronics or ion.It should be noted that, friction electrode sequence is a kind of statistics based on experience, namely bi-material differs far away in the sequence, the probability that the positive negativity that after contact, institute produces electric charge and this sequence are consistent is larger, and the result of reality is subject to the impact of many factors, such as material surface roughness, ambient humidity and whether have Relative friction etc.
" contact electric charge " described in the present invention, refer to the material that there are differences two kinds of friction electrode sequence polarity in contact friction and after being separated its surface with electric charge, it is generally acknowledged, this electric charge is only distributed in the surface of material, and distribution depth capacity is only about 10 nanometers.It should be noted that, the symbol of contact electric charge is the symbol of net charge, namely may there is the aggregation zone of negative electrical charge in the some areas with the material surface just contacting electric charge, but the symbol of whole net surface charge is just.
Be longitudinal direction when in the present invention, the direction of generator is upper and lower relation with frictional layer and electrode layer, namely frictional layer upper, electrode layer under, or frictional layer under, electrode layer upper, these two kinds of placement state all belong to the longitudinal direction alleged by the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 1 is a kind of typical structure of enclosed single electrode friction nanometer power generator of the present invention, comprise and there is elastic bending deformation behavior and the first component 10 surrounding a cavity and the second component 20 be at least partly in described cavity, first component 10 is frictional layer towards at least part of inner surface of second component 20, second component 20 is electrode layer towards at least part of outer surface of first component 10, electrode layer is electrically connected with equipotential source 30, frictional layer can come in contact with at least part of surface of electrode layer and be separated under the flexible effect of external force with first component 10, export the signal of telecommunication by electrode layer and equipotential source 30 simultaneously.
For convenience of description, typical structure below with reference to Fig. 1 describes principle of the present invention, the selection principle of each parts and material ranges, but these contents are also not only confined to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 obviously, but may be used for all technical schemes disclosed in this invention.
Generator operation principle of the present invention is described see Fig. 2, it should be noted that in figure and the outer surface different colours of the inner surface of first component 10 and second component 20 and first component 10 and second component 20 body are distinguished, object is in order to emphasis embodies the interaction between frictional layer and electrode layer being in surface, instead of shows that first component 10 and/or second component 20 must be made up of two parts.Based on this understanding, the operation principle of generator of the present invention is as follows: because the frictional layer of first component 10 inner surface is different with the friction electrode sequence of the electrode layer of second component 20 outer surface, therebetween exist electronic capability difference (this sentence frictional layer electronic capability is more weak for example), therefore when compression force drives some surface of frictional layer and electrode layer to contact on the first component 10 of generator, frictional layer surface can be made with positive charge, and electrode layer surface is then electronegative; When after compression stress release, the elastic bending deformation behavior that first component 10 has can make frictional layer be separated with electrode layer, destroys the surface charge balance between frictional layer and electrode layer, for recovering this balance, electrons is flowed to ground from electrode layer by external circuit 30, thus externally exports the signal of telecommunication; When the spacing of frictional layer and electrode layer reaches maximum, surface charge therebetween reaches balance again, and electronics does not flow; When compression stress is applied on generator again, first component 10 is compressed, and frictional layer surface and electrode layer surface are by close, and the balance of the two surface charge is destroyed again, electronics will be caused to be flowed to electrode layer from ground by external circuit 30, external output current.After frictional layer contacts completely with electrode layer, surface contact electric charge reaches balance, and electronics stops directed flow, does not observe electric current export at external circuit 30.
First component 10 and second component 20 are main two parts of generator of the present invention, each provide two surfaces of carrying out contact friction.Electricity generating principle according to Fig. 2, the surface that generator must recover first component 10 and second component 20 are contacted voluntarily after external force is cancelled is separated at least partly, can realize the output of the signal of telecommunication.Therefore, first component 10 must have the characteristic of elastic bending deformation, and its inner surface must provide a rubbing surface that can carry out triboelectricity, but the frictional layer that this rubbing surface is specifically non-conductive, or the electrode layer of conduction, be not particularly limited.As long as another rubbing surface that this rubbing surface can provide with second component 20 matches, the inner surface of such as first component 10 is frictional layer, and second component 20 should be just electrode layer for coming in contact with it the outer surface of friction; On the contrary, if the inner surface of first component 10 is electrode layer, so the outer surface of second component 20 should be then frictional layer.The exchange of this rubbing surface position does not affect for the output effect of generator, can require decide according to concrete preparation.This rubbing surface is the need of all inner surfaces occupying first component 10, not concrete restriction, as long as ensure have rubbing surface just passable in the part contacted with another rubbing surface that second component 20 provides, preferred first component 10 is frictional layer or electrode layer towards whole inner surfaces of described cavity.
In execution mode shown in Fig. 1, the elasticity of first component 10 is directly provided by frictional layer, can certainly be provided by electrode layer, as long as exchanged the position of electrode layer and frictional layer.This flexible acquisition both can be realized by the selection of material, such as use itself has flexible rubber or polyurethane elastomer etc., can also be realized by structural adjustment, such as electrode layer uses sheet metal but not metal thick plate etc., these modes are all that the routine of this area is selected, and it will not go into details herein.But this is not the sole mode that first component 10 has elastic bending deformation behavior, first component 10 can also be made to obtain the characteristic of elastic bending deformation by the mode of additional first support component, this specifically introduces in the execution mode shown in Fig. 4.
The shape of first component 10 is not particularly limited, and in the execution mode shown in Fig. 1, first component 10 is non-close structure that a flaky material bends, U-shaped like, and the thin slice of some metals can realize this structure.In addition, other occluding surfaces or full-closed structure can also be selected as required, the hollow pie structure of the spheroid of such as hollow or thick middle, thin edge, in these execution modes below, have concrete introduction (see Fig. 6-10).
Second component 20 is only serve the effect providing a friction surface, its shape and size preferably and first component 10, particularly the frictional layer of first component 10 inner surface matches, make generator can realize frictional layer under the effect of external force and electrode layer has maximum contact area, thus improve the output performance of generator.Generally speaking, second component 20 can be film, cuboid, cube or spheroid, preferred slab construction.
In the cavity that second component 20 has at least part surface to be in be formed by first component 10, to guarantee that first component 10 and second component 20 surface contact can occur under the effect of external force, the formation of this relative position can be realized by external reinforcement locking member, mode such as shown in Fig. 1, when there is no External Force Acting, without any contact between first component 10 and second component 20, the maintenance of this relative position must have been come by external reinforcement locking member (not shown in FIG.).In addition, therebetween fixedly identical object can also be reached by directly contacting, non-close structure such as shown in Fig. 3: first component 10 bends latter two relative limit and fixes formation cavity with the upper and lower surface of described second component 20 respectively, makes the part of described second component 20 be positioned at this cavity.The connection of first component 10 and second component 20 by connected mode conventional in this area, such as, can bond by insulative glue, paste with double faced adhesive tape, fix etc. with clamping element.
Can find out according to aforesaid electricity generating principle, the difference of the electrode sequence that rubs between frictional layer and electrode layer is the key producing the exportable signal of telecommunication, in following polymeric material frictional layer all used in the present invention, and according to the order of arrangement, there is more and more stronger electronic capability: polymethyl methacrylate, nylon, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, PETG, polyvinyl butyral resin, polychlorobutadiene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly-biphenol carbonic ester, CPPG, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene.Reason as space is limited; can not carry out exhaustive to all possible material; only list several concrete polymeric material herein for people's reference; but obviously these concrete materials can not become the restrictive factor of scope; because under the enlightenment of invention, those skilled in the art is easy to the material selecting other similar according to the triboelectric characteristics that these materials have.
Found through experiments, between the material and the material of electrode layer of frictional layer, obtain electronic capability differ larger, the signal of telecommunication that nano generator exports is stronger.So, can, according to order listed above and in conjunction with simple contrast experiment, select suitable polymeric material as frictional layer, to obtain best signal of telecommunication output performance.
Electrode layer not only will be provided for the friction surface generated electricity in generator, but also plays the effect of electrode, when needing the electric field imbalance formed in surface charge, by external circuit 30 transmission electronic.Therefore, the surface that electrode layer contacts with frictional layer needs to be made up of electric conducting material, or entirety is electric conducting material and forms, described electric conducting material can be selected from the semiconductor of metal, indium tin oxide, organic substance conductor or doping, electrode layer can be flat board, thin slice or film, wherein the range of choices of film thickness is 10nm-5mm, is preferably 50nm-1mm, is preferably 100nm-500 μm.The metal that this area is commonly used comprises gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal; Organic substance conductor is generally conducting polymer, comprises from polypyrrole, polyphenylene sulfide, poly-phthalocyanine-like compound, polyaniline and/or polythiophene.
An electrode layer is only had to be the present invention's outstanding feature the most in whole generator, and the position of this electrode layer does not limit the outer surface that must be positioned at second component 20, also can be positioned on the inner surface of first component 10, the effect of change to generator of this position does not have a significant effect, and technical staff can select with manufacturing cost according to actual needs voluntarily.
In order to improve the output performance of generator of the present invention, preferably on the surface of described frictional layer towards electrode layer, and/or, described electrode layer is towards the surface of frictional layer, the all or part of micro-structural being distributed with micron or secondary micron dimension, to increase effective contact area of frictional layer and electrode layer, the surface charge density of both raisings.This micro-structural is preferably nano wire, nanotube, nano particle, nanometer rods, nano flower, nanometer channel, micron trenches, nanocone, micron cone, nanosphere and micron chondritic, and the array to be formed by aforementioned structure, particularly by nano wire, the nano-array of nanotube or nanometer rods composition, can be pass through photoengraving, wire prepared by the methods such as plasma etching, cube, or the array of rectangular pyramid shape, in array the size of each this unit in nanometer to micron dimension, the cell size of concrete micro nano structure, shape should not limit the scope of this invention.
Form the method for nano-array except physical method, also comprise chemical method, such as photoengraving, chemical etching and plasma etching etc., can also by nano material intersperse or the mode of coating realizes this object.In addition, also can carry out chemical modification to the surface of the frictional layer contacted with each other and/or electrode layer, the transfer amount of electric charge at Contact can be improved further, thus improve the power output of contact charge density and generator.Chemical modification is divided into again the following two kinds type:
A kind of method is frictional layer for contacting with each other and electrode layer, in the easier betatopic functional group of material surface introducing (namely strong to electron cloud) that friction electrode sequence is positive relatively, or in friction electrode sequence relatively for negative material surface introduces the functional group (strong electrophilic group) of the electronics that is more easy to get, the transfer amount of electric charge when mutually sliding can both be improved further, thus improve the power output of triboelectric charge density and generator.Comprise to electron cloud by force: amino, hydroxyl, alkoxyl etc.; Strong electrophilic group comprises: acyl group, carboxyl, nitro, sulfonic group etc.The introducing of functional group can the conventional method such as using plasma surface modification.The gaseous mixture of oxygen and nitrogen such as can be made under certain power to produce plasma, thus introduce at frictional layer material surface amino.
Another method is in polarity relatively for positive friction material surface introduces positive charge, and is that negative friction material surface introduces negative electrical charge in polarity.Specifically can be realized by the mode of chemical bonding.Such as, the method for sol-gel (English is abbreviated as sol-gel) can be utilized on polydimethylsiloxane frictional layer surface to modify upper tetraethoxysilane (English is abbreviated as TEOS), and make it electronegative.Also the bond of gold-sulphur can be utilized on metallic gold thin layer to modify the golden nanometer particle of upper surface containing softex kw (CTAB), because softex kw is cation, therefore whole frictional layer can be made to become positively charged.Those skilled in the art can according to the kind of the receiving and losing electrons character of frictional layer material and surface chemistry key, and select suitable decorative material bonded thereto, to reach object of the present invention, therefore such distortion is all within protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention does not limit frictional layer and electrode layer must be hard material, also can select flexible material, because the hardness of material does not affect contact friction effect therebetween, as needed rubbing surface to maintain plane, can also be realized by the support of miscellaneous part.Therefore, those skilled in the art can select the material hardness of frictional layer and electrode layer according to actual conditions.
Inventor finds in an experiment, when the length of the maximum separation spacing d that the part that frictional layer and electrode layer surface contact with each other can reach and the two contact-making surface and width D dimension comparable even larger time (see Fig. 2, the length of the two contact-making surface is only shown in this figure, width does not show, but the size of width is also comparable with d), the output performance of generator is relatively good.Preferably the ratio of this maximum separation spacing d and described length and width is all between 0.5-100, and more preferably between 1-100, this ratio can also be larger certainly, and theoretic signal of telecommunication output performance can be better, but need the complexity considering device fabrication.Therefore, size and the relative position of frictional layer and electrode layer can be adjusted according to this principle when reality uses, to reach better power generation performance.
Electrode layer and equipotential source are formed and be electrically connected is the key that generator of the present invention normally works, and these potential sources can be provided by ground connection, also can be provided by the compensating circuit of outside.Described electrical connection both can directly by having needed the external circuit 30 of power supply to realize, also can by arranging load to realize at generator (not shown in FIG.), namely electrode layer realizes be electrically connected with equipotential source by this load, and the needs external circuit 30 of powering is by with this load parallel connection or connect and accept the signal of telecommunication.
A kind of exemplary embodiment of the first support component is contained for generator of the present invention shown in Fig. 4, comprise and there is elastic bending deformation behavior and the first component surrounding a cavity and the second component 20 be at least partly in described cavity, wherein first component is by the frictional layer 101 towards cavity with form with the first support component 102 that frictional layer 101 outer surface is fitted, second component 20 is electrode layer towards at least part of outer surface of frictional layer 101, electrode layer is electrically connected with equipotential source 30, frictional layer can come in contact with at least part of surface of electrode layer and be separated under the flexible effect of external force with first component, export the signal of telecommunication by electrode layer and equipotential source 30 simultaneously.
Clear and definite in the execution mode shown in Fig. 1, the inner surface of first component can be frictional layer also can be electrode layer, although therefore in Fig. 4, the first support component 102 is fitted on the outer surface of frictional layer 101 cavity dorsad, but when the inner surface of first component is electrode layer, the first support component 102 also can be fitted on the outer surface of electrode layer cavity dorsad completely.For both of these case, the effect of the first support component 102 mainly contains 3 points: the first, protects frictional layer or electrode layer, improve the mechanical strength of generator, for this effect, conventional high-abrasive material can be selected to prepare the first support component 102, such as polyester sheet, sheet rubber etc.; Second, when frictional layer 101 or electrode layer do not possess elasticity or elasticity is not enough, elasticity can be provided to ensure the normal work of generator for whole first component, the material with better elastic bending deformation behavior can be selected to prepare the first support component 102, such as polyimides, PETG and polystyrene for this reason; 3rd; for the first component of conduction provides insulation protection; when first component is made up of electrode layer; its outer surface easily leaks electricity; not only can cause the decline of generator output performance, more make troubles to use, the first support component 102 of one deck insulation of for this reason can fitting at the outer surface of electrode layer; can solve this problem very easily, now the first support component 102 can select the insulating material of this area routine.Whether for use the first support component 102 which kind of object above, all will note the integral, flexible of first component, preferably the thickness of the first support component 102 is 50 μm of-10mm for this reason, is preferably 100 μm of-5mm, more preferably 127 μm of-1mm.Its shape and size can unrestricted choice, preferably matches with the shape and size of frictional layer or electrode layer.
A kind of exemplary embodiment of the second support component is contained for generator of the present invention shown in Fig. 5, execution mode shown in its structure with Fig. 4 is substantially identical, therefore repeat no more, only the difference of the two is described herein, difference has 2 points: first, in mode shown in Fig. 5, second component is made up of with the electrode layer 201 being fitted in the second support component 202 outer surface the second support component 202 of inside, and in Fig. 4, second component is only provided by electrode layer; Second, in mode shown in Fig. 5, one end of first component and second component is fixed, second component is made to be in the cavity of first component formation completely, and the second component in Fig. 4 is only partly in this cavity, and first component does not contact with between second component when the effect not having external force.About difference one, the effect of the second support component 202 is mechanical strength, the hardness of raising second component and/or alleviates its weight, generally prepared by the organic substance insulated, such as polymethyl methacrylate, rubber, silicon chip, plastic plate etc., electrode layer 201 or frictional layer are by deposit or the usual manner such as bonding is fixed on its outer surface.The shape and size of the second support component 201 all do not limit, both can be flat, also can be other shapes, as long as can play a supporting role, can be such as cuboid, cube, spheroid etc., preferably match with the shape and size of frictional layer in first component.About difference two, 2 kinds of relative positions and the fixed form of the first component shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 and second component respectively have superiority, unfixing between first component and second component in execution mode shown in Fig. 4, can dismantle easily or be arranged on respectively on different parts with the use of, and in the execution mode shown in Fig. 5, be more suitable for overall situation about using, be easy to carry and encapsulate, effective friction area is also larger.Those skilled in the art can select both of these case according to actual conditions, and in content basis disclosed by the invention, can also do simple distortion, these are all in protection scope of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 6 is that in generator of the present invention, first component is a kind of exemplary embodiment of occluding surface, comprise and there is elastic bending deformation behavior and the first component surrounding a cavity by occluding surface and the second component 20 be at least partly in described cavity, described first component is made up of inner surface electrode layer 101 and outer surface first support component 102, described second component 20 is frictional layer towards the outer surface of described first component, described electrode layer is electrically connected with equipotential source 30, described frictional layer can come in contact with at least part of surface of electrode layer and be separated under the flexible effect of external force with described first component, export the signal of telecommunication by described electrode layer and described equipotential source simultaneously.
In this execution mode, first component is the hollow structure surrounded by occluding surface, is preferably the cylinder of hollow, the such as face of cylinder, elliptic cylinder, prismatic surface etc.The advantage of this structure is without the need to additional fixed part between second component 20 and first component, also without the need to adhesive, only second component 20 need be shelved in the first component cavity formed by occluding surface.
Second component 20 can be plate-like structure, also can be cylinder (see Fig. 7), spheroid or polyhedron, can also be the curved-surface structure of fitting with first component portion inner surface, such as film, execution mode that can be shown in Figure 8.The shape of second component is different, the collecting direction to external force can be adjusted, flat second component such as shown in Fig. 6 and the curved-surface structure second component shown in Fig. 8, all compare and be suitable for collecting the pressure vertical with curved surface upper and lower surface with flat board, and the cross section shown in Fig. 7 is circular second component, then can both collect preferably the pressure in any direction.In addition, the curved-surface structure second component shown in Fig. 8 is because be the inner surface being fitted in first component, so relatively-stationary relatively good, and shape can change along with the change of first component, and the adaptability of whole generator is stronger.
Fig. 9 gives the typical generator structural representation that first component is full-closed structure, comprise and there is elastic bending deformation behavior and surround the first component 10 of a totally-enclosed cavity by occluding surface and be placed in the second component 20 of described totally-enclosed cavity, at least part of inner surface of described first component 10 is frictional layer, described second component 20 is electrode layer towards the outer surface of described cavity, described electrode layer is electrically connected with equipotential source 30, described frictional layer can come in contact with at least part of surface of electrode layer and be separated under the flexible effect of external force with described first component, export the signal of telecommunication by described electrode layer and described equipotential source 30 simultaneously.
This full-closed structure is more conducive to encapsulation, to work comparatively greatly or under corrosivity atmosphere to mechanical strength requirements.Totally enclosed first component 10 can be hollow spheroid, also can be hollow spheroid (see Fig. 9), the polyhedron of other hollows can also be made as required, such as tetrahedron, hexahedron, octahedron, also can be irregular structure, hollow pie structure of such as thick middle, thin edge etc.The all or part of inner surface of first component 10 can be frictional layer or electrode layer.The second component 20 be used in combination with this first component 10 can be flat board, polyhedron or spheroid, and all or part of of its outer surface can be electrode layer or frictional layer, as long as match with first component 10.
Be presented above the typical structure of the multiple single electrode friction nanometer power generator designed by the present invention; those skilled in the art can carry out simple deformation on the basis of these structures; thus obtain the generator being applicable to different operating environment; but such distortion is all complete under basic conception disclosed in this invention, all belongs to the scope that the present invention protects.
In order to improve generator to the utilization ratio of mechanical energy and the output intensity strengthening the signal of telecommunication, more than 2 above-mentioned single electrode friction nanometer power generator disclosed in this invention can be combined, form generating set, and adjust the connected mode of each generator, the signal of telecommunication exported by each parallel generator is monitored separately or unified monitoring, with satisfied different needs.It should be noted that, because involved by following generating set is all the generator that the present invention provides above, each parts are all described later in detail above, therefore below only for the overall structure of generating set, the annexation of each generator with there are the parts of particular/special requirement to be described, and in generator, other do not have the parts of particular/special requirement, just separately do not explain, be all as the criterion with description above.
Figure 11 is a kind of exemplary embodiment of generating set of the present invention, comprises parallel operation of generator shown in multiple Fig. 3 and is formed, and the laterally placed side by side and shared flat second component 20 of these generators, the signal of telecommunication of all generators is unified to be collected.The first component 10, particularly frictional layer of each generator can be identical or different, and namely the first component 10 of all generators is different at least partly, or identical.When all frictional layers are all identical, after any one generator unit in generating set is subject to the effect of identical external force, all can export the identical signal of telecommunication, when external force acts on multiple generator unit simultaneously, the signal of telecommunication of output can add up.The sphere of action of external force can be inferred thus, or the contact area of external force source and generator.Utilize this characteristic, can by this generating set for the detection to contact area.When the frictional layer in each generator unit is different, identical external force independent role can export the different signals of telecommunication on different generator units, that is the signal of telecommunication that generating set exports can reflect the coordinate information of external force.Can follow the trail of the effect route of external force based on this characteristic.And for the external force varied in size, the signal of telecommunication numerical value that same generator exports can change to some extent, the present inventor finds that the output of pressure size and the signal of telecommunication be applied on generator has positive correlation, and therefore generating set of the present invention can also be used for the monitoring to pressure distribution.
It should be noted that, for the several generators worked simultaneously, its frictional layer will have identical friction electrode sequence trend compared with electrode layer, namely after contacting with electrode layer, frictional layer all easily obtains electronics or frictional layer all easily loses electronics, can ensure that the signal that each generator exports is Downward addition like this, the output performance of generating set is improved.But, if the generator in generating set does not work simultaneously, and put together side by side when being only and manufacturing, shared electrode layer.Material selec-tion so for frictional layer in generator unit and electrode layer does not then have such restriction.
Shown in Figure 12 is the another kind of typical structure of generating set, with the mode shown in Figure 11 similar be that all generators also all share a second component, and the signal of telecommunication of all generators is unified to be collected, difference is that first component 10 is occluding surface structures similar with Fig. 6, so the arrangement mode of multiple generator receives restriction, can only be formed as shown in the figure by the row stringed together.These generators same also can be identical or different, different generators when working at the same time, guarantee that frictional layer has identical friction electrode sequence tendency compared with electrode layer.
Figure 13 is that generator of the present invention longitudinally superposes the structural representation forming parallel generator group, although the generator provided in figure has the structure of generator shown in Fig. 6, but in actual application, any generator disclosed in this invention all can be assembled according to which.This execution mode, when impressed pressure acts on generating set, can drive 2 generator operation simultaneously, significantly improve the utilance to mechanical energy.Certainly can also adjust the quantity of superposition generator according to the size of external force, external force is larger, and quantity is more, is as the criterion can effectively drive all generators normally to work.The each generator unit stacked up can be the same or different, the external circuit 30 particularly connected for each generator unit has the situation of different power reguirements, adopt different generator units can better solve this problem: stronger for needing to export the signal of telecommunication, then can increase the separating distance between this generator unit frictional layer and electrode layer; Higher for needing sensitivity, then can process the contact surface of the frictional layer of respective generator units and electrode layer, such as, form nanostructure to increase contact surface etc.
Certainly, multiple generator units for not common electrode layer are laterally arranged side by side, also area detection and route tracking function can be realized, but need to monitor separately each generator unit, and route tracking function will be realized also need the route information to each monitoring instrument reflects to associate in advance.Simultaneously the benefit of this execution mode can apply the contact area of source and generator to external force and mobile alignment carries out easily, intuitively monitoring.The present invention of this principle is utilized also to provide a kind of follow-up mechanism (see Figure 14): to comprise more than 2 aforementioned arbitrary money generators, the frictional layer of each generator or electrode layer are arranged on the surface that tracked object advances upward, and electrode layer and frictional layer can under the pressure of tracked object at least part of surface contact, and restore to the original state after tracked object leaves, the signal of telecommunication that each generator exports independently is monitored, (Reference numeral is 301 to each supervisory circuit, 302, 308) the equal ground connection in one end, the signal that each generator exports is gathered simultaneously.When object moves on tracing system time, different generator priorities and object contact, the compression stress produced externally outputs signal causing different friction generator, and by analyzing these signals, we can know the concrete mobile route of object in this tracing system.Although shown in Figure 14 is that all generators share a second component 20, and the outer surface of second component 20 is frictional layer, but this is just in order to realize a kind of typical way that each alternator output signal is monitored separately, in fact by aforementioned any a generator according to certain pattern arrangement, as long as the signal of each generator is carried out separately monitoring can become follow-up mechanism of the present invention.This follow-up mechanism without the need to additional power source, when tracked object effect thereon time, namely the pressure of tracked object become the power source of this follow-up mechanism, and change this power into the signal of telecommunication and export.
By description above, very clearly can recognize that the present invention also discloses a kind of brand-new electricity-generating method in fact, its feature is comprising the steps:
(1) frictional layer is provided,
(2) electrode layer is provided,
(3) described electrode layer is formed with equipotential source be electrically connected;
(4) apply external force to make between described frictional layer and at least part of surface of described electrode layer, to form at least one contact-separation cycle;
(5) in the process of step (4), the signal of telecommunication is exported by described electrode layer and described equipotential source;
Preferably, described in step (4), frictional layer contacts completely with described electrode layer;
Preferably, what apply in step (4) is direction punctuated turning over or the periodically variable continuous disturbances of size.
The method is applicable to any generator or generating set disclosed in the present invention, for the generator of other structures, as long as also all comprising within the scope of the invention of carrying out generating electricity according to as above step.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of enclosed single electrode friction nanometer power generator
Utilize the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate of a laser cutting long 3cm × wide 3cm × thick 1.59mm as the second support component, a slice Al paper tinsel is used for covering poly (methyl methacrylate) plate.With adhesive plaster, the polyimides of one length of a film 7cm × wide 3cm × thick 25 μm of nylon films and a length of a film 7cm × wide 3cm × thick 127 μm is fit together.The surface of nylon is towards Al paper tinsel, and the upper and lower surface being fixed on polymethyl methacrylate that its two ends adhesive plaster is symmetrical respectively, forms an elastic cavity (see Figure 15).Connect Al paper tinsel with copper conductor, and be connected with a resistance, other one end ground connection of resistance.Can guarantee do not having under pressure condition because polyimide film has good elasticity, nylon film is separated completely with Al paper tinsel.When compression, double-layer films can contact.Apply external force to the flexible adventitia of generator, as flicking, voltmeter has the corresponding signal of telecommunication to export, and changes mechanical energy can be that electric energy generates electricity by explanation.
Embodiment 2: the preparation of single electrode triboelectricity unit
Utilize the poly (methyl methacrylate) plate of a laser cutting long 10cm × wide 10cm × thick 1.59mm as the second support component, the Cu film of 1 10cm × 2cm × 0.5mm is respectively prepared in the place of lower surface Mirror Symmetry thereon.Separately get the thin polystyrene sheet of 2 10cm × 3cm × 1mm as frictional layer, the upper and lower surface that be fixed on polymethyl methacrylate symmetrical respectively by the two ends of every a slice, make thin polystyrene sheet be bent to form a cavity, and thin polystyrene sheet cover directly over Cu film.Each Cu film is connected by the resistance of wire with one end ground connection, and constitute the generating set that has 2 generators, the execution mode shown in its structure and Figure 11 is similar.High resiliency due to polystyrene can guarantee do not having under pressure condition, and thin polystyrene sheet is separated completely with Cu film.When compression, the two relative surface can contact, and therefore this generating set can normally work.
Signal of telecommunication output map when Figure 16 is photo in kind and the work of this generating set, wherein Figure 16-a is the photo in kind of prepared generating set, Figure 16-b is that two, left and right generator works independently and the electric current simultaneously worked and voltage output map, can find out, significantly can improve generating efficiency by the form forming generating set.The photo that the LCD bulb that Figure 16-c is attached thereto when being left side generator operation is lit, the photo that the LCD bulb be attached thereto when Figure 16-d is right side generator operation is lit.
Embodiment 3: the preparation of single electrode friction generator follow-up mechanism
Make the friction generator of 16 same sizes according to the method for embodiment 1, and arrange with the matrix of 4 × 4, the circuit of whole generating set connects as shown in Figure 17-a.Wherein difference from Example 1 is: first component is aluminium foil, and second component is polyfluortetraethylene plate.When object moves in this tracing system time, object contacts with friction generator, will cause the compression of generator, thus externally export the signal of telecommunication.By the collection to these signals, the detection to object mobile route can be realized.This system directly utilizes friction generator as the transducer triggered, and does not need externally fed, can effective energy savings, and can the work of long-term stability.Figure 17-b is the photo in kind of made tracing system.When we compress a generator time, on the data image obtained, can clearly show is the 7th generator (Figure 17-c).Figure 17-d and Figure 17-e demonstrates external force generator being applied to different size, and the response signal obtained is obviously different, and therefore tracing system of the present invention can also react the gravitation information of tracked object.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not departing under technical solution of the present invention ambit, the Method and Technology content of above-mentioned announcement all can be utilized to make many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (36)
1. a single electrode friction nanometer power generator, is characterized in that comprising:
There is elastic bending deformation behavior and surround the first component of a cavity,
With,
Be in the second component in described cavity at least partly,
Described first component is frictional layer or electrode layer towards at least part of inner surface of second component,
Described second component is electrode layer or frictional layer towards at least part of outer surface of described first component,
Described electrode layer is electrically connected with equipotential source,
Described frictional layer can come in contact with at least part of surface of electrode layer and be separated under the flexible effect of external force with described first component, exports the signal of telecommunication by described electrode layer and described equipotential source simultaneously.
2. generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that there is friction electrode sequence difference between described frictional layer and described electrode layer.
3. generator as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that described frictional layer is selected from polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, dimethyl silicone polymer, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene chloride, CPPG, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, polyvinyl butyral resin, nylon, polyacrylonitrile and poly-biphenol carbonic ester.
4. as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3 generator, is characterized in that described electrode layer is electric conducting material, is selected from the semiconductor of metal, indium tin oxide, organic substance conductor or doping.
5. generator as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that metal described in it is selected from gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy to be formed by above-mentioned metal, described organic substance conductor is conducting polymer, comprises from polypyrrole, polyphenylene sulfide, poly-phthalocyanine-like compound, polyaniline and polythiophene.
6. the generator as described in any one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that described electrode layer is film or body phase material, wherein the thickness of film is 10nm-5mm.
7. the generator as described in any one of claim 1-6, is characterized in that the surface of described frictional layer towards described electrode layer, and/or, described electrode layer towards on the surface of frictional layer, all or part of micro-structural being distributed with micron or secondary micron dimension.
8. generator as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that described micro-structural is selected from nano wire, nanotube, nano particle, nanometer rods, nano flower, nanometer channel, micron trenches, nanocone, micron cone, nanosphere and micron chondritic, and the array formed by aforementioned structure.
9. the generator as described in any one of claim 1-8, is characterized in that the surface of described frictional layer towards described electrode layer, and/or described electrode layer, towards on the surface of frictional layer, has interspersing or coating of nano material.
10. the generator as described in any one of claim 1-9, it is characterized in that the surface of described frictional layer towards described electrode layer, and/or, described electrode layer is towards the surface of frictional layer, through chemical modification, the electrode sequence that rubs in the two introduces for negative surface the functional group easily obtaining electronics relatively, and/or the electrode sequence that rubs in the two is relatively for the functional group easily losing electronics is introduced on positive surface.
11. generators as described in any one of claim 1-10, is characterized in that described first component is described frictional layer or electrode layer towards whole inner surfaces of described cavity.
12. generators as described in any one of claim 1-11, it is characterized in that described first component is non-close structure, the upper and lower surface of described second component is fixed with the nonocclusive edge of described first component respectively, makes the part of described second component be positioned at cavity.
13. generators as described in any one of claim 1-12, is characterized in that described first component is closed surface or full-closed structure.
14. generators as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that described closed surface is the cylinder of hollow; Described full-closed structure is the hollow pie structure of the spheroid of hollow, the spheroid of hollow, the polyhedron of hollow or thick middle, thin edge.
15. generators as described in any one of claim 1-14, is characterized in that described second component is film, polyhedron, cylinder or spheroid.
16. generators as claimed in claim 15, is characterized in that described second component is slab construction.
17. generators as described in any one of claim 1-15, is characterized in that described second component is the curved-surface structure of fitting with the portion inner surface of first component.
18. generators as described in any one of claim 1-17, it is characterized in that in the process of described separation, length and the width dimensions of the maximum separation spacing that the part that described frictional layer and electrode layer surface contact with each other can reach and the two contact-making surface are comparable or larger.
19. generators as claimed in claim 18, is characterized in that the ratio of the length of described maximum separation spacing and described contact-making surface, and the ratio of the width of described maximum spacing and described contact-making surface is all between 1-100.
20. generators as described in any one of claim 1-19, is characterized in that described equipotential source is provided by ground connection.
21. generators as described in any one of claim 1-19, is characterized in that the external circuit that described electrical connection is powered by needs realizes.
22. generators as described in any one of claim 1-21, characterized by further comprising load, and described electrode layer are electrically connected with described equipotential source by described load.
23. generators as described in any one of claim 1-22, it is characterized in that the elastic bending deformation behavior of described first component is provided by described frictional layer or electrode layer, or, thered is provided by first support component comprised in addition, described first support component is fitted in the outer surface of the frictional layer of described first component or electrode layer described cavity dorsad.
24. generators as claimed in claim 23, is characterized in that described first support component is selected from polyimides, PETG and polystyrene.
25. generators as described in claim 23 or 24, is characterized in that described first support component thickness is between 50 μm to 10mm.
26. generators as described in any one of claim 1-25, is characterized in that described second component also comprises second support component, and its lateral surface and described frictional layer or electrode layer are fitted.
27. generators as claimed in claim 26, is characterized in that described second support component is rigid material.
28. 1 kinds of single electrode friction nanometer power generator groups, is characterized in that being formed by more than 2 any one of claim 1-27 single electrode parallel operation of generators, and the signal of telecommunication that each generator exports is monitored separately or unified monitoring.
29. generating sets as claimed in claim 28, is characterized in that described 2 the above generators form described generating set by longitudinally superposing.
30. generating sets as claimed in claim 28, is characterized in that described more than 2 generators are by the described generating set of horizontal formation placed side by side.
31. generating sets as claimed in claim 30, is characterized in that all generators share a flat described second component.
32. generating sets as claimed in claim 31, is characterized in that the first component of described more than 2 generators is different at least partly, or identical.
33. 1 kinds of electricity-generating methods, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) frictional layer is provided,
2) electrode layer is provided,
3) described electrode layer is formed with equipotential source be electrically connected;
4) apply external force to make between described frictional layer and at least part of surface of described electrode layer, to form at least one contact-separation cycle;
5) in the process of step 4), the signal of telecommunication is exported by described electrode layer and described equipotential source.
34. electricity-generating methods as claimed in claim 33, is characterized in that frictional layer described in step 4) contacts completely with described electrode layer.
35. electricity-generating methods as described in claim 33 or 34, what it is characterized in that applying in step 4) is direction punctuated turning over or the periodically variable continuous disturbances of size.
36. 1 kinds of follow-up mechanisms based on single electrode friction nanometer power generator, is characterized in that comprising:
Generator described in more than 2 any one of claim 1-27, the outer surface of the described first component of each described generator is all arranged on the surface that tracked object advances, and described electrode layer and described frictional layer can under the pressure of tracked object at least part of surface contact, and restore to the original state after tracked object leaves, the signal of telecommunication that each generator exports independently is monitored.
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| PCT/CN2014/072212 WO2014206098A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2014-02-19 | Surrounding-type unipolar friction nanometer power generator, power generation method, and tracking device |
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| CN104827490A (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2015-08-12 | 大连理工大学 | Robot touch sensation system based on friction or electrostatic induction control and method |
| CN104827490B (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2016-07-06 | 大连理工大学 | Based on tactile sensing device of robot's system and method that friction or electrostatic induction control |
| CN105207464A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-30 | 浙江工业大学 | Self-exciting BJT type bridge-free Zeta PFC rectifier circuit |
| CN105207464B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-09-05 | 浙江工业大学 | Auto-excitation type BJT types are without bridge Zeta PFC rectification circuits |
| CN105375810A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-03-02 | 北京科技大学 | Friction power generator of built-in electrode type |
| CN105375810B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-12-22 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of electrode built-in type friction generator |
| CN106602922A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-04-26 | 北京纳米能源与***研究所 | Tubular friction nanogenerator and cloth and energy shoe using same |
| CN111193429A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2020-05-22 | 北京纳米能源与***研究所 | Friction nanometer generator, self-driven vector and direction sensor and system thereof |
| CN109713932A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-05-03 | 大连民族大学 | Water surface floating-type power generation device |
| CN114762551A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2022-07-19 | 启星投资有限公司 | Power generation insole based on fabric integration and preparation method thereof |
| CN114762551B (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2024-05-10 | 启星投资有限公司 | Fabric integration-based power generation insole and preparation method thereof |
| CN113364337A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-07 | 洛阳理工学院 | Flexible single-electrode friction nano generator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN104253562B (en) | 2016-12-28 |
| WO2014206098A1 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
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