CN104251529B - A kind of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner - Google Patents

A kind of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner Download PDF

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CN104251529B
CN104251529B CN201410549491.5A CN201410549491A CN104251529B CN 104251529 B CN104251529 B CN 104251529B CN 201410549491 A CN201410549491 A CN 201410549491A CN 104251529 B CN104251529 B CN 104251529B
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air
combined type
valve
coolant
type refrigerant
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CN104251529A (en
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王铁军
曾晓程
刘志峰
王景晖
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Anhui Yangzi Air Conditioning Co., Ltd
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China Yangzi Group Chuzhou Yangzi Air Conditioner Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/000379 priority patent/WO2016058280A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner, it is characterized in that multi-gang air conditioner is the cold source system arranging two or more outdoor combined type refrigerant module composition multi-gang air conditioner in outside, outdoor combined type refrigerant module is constituted by the Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle loop of the first coolant and the second refrigerant circulation circuit are compound, one or more direct-evaporation-type indoor air-cooler module is set in indoor, coolant Storing and conveying unit passes through collector tube, feed flow house steward and return-air house steward are connected between outdoor combined type refrigerant module and indoor air-cooler module constitute closed circulation system.The present invention, according to the inside and outside number of modules of the design heating load disposed chamber of air-conditioning object, accurately regulates refrigerating capacity, meets the data center module of all kinds of round-the-clock running and the thermal control demand of electronic equipment;Maximizing utilizes round the clock, transition season and the natural cooling source in winter, it is achieved air conditioning system significantly energy-saving and emission-reduction.

Description

A kind of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner
Technical field
The present invention relates to refrigeration and air-conditioning technical field, be specifically related to one and can maximally utilize natural cooling source low cost conveying heat Combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner.
Background technology
Information industry and the fast development of digital Construction, promoted the quantity of data center module, communication base station, and construction scale is quick Increasing, machine room, the energy consumption of base station air conditioner account for the 40%~50% of its total energy consumption according to statistics.Machine room, the sensible heat load of base station compare big, Need continuous cooling to run throughout the year, at indoor design temperature higher than season of outdoor environment temperature, especially at low temperature season or Cold district, conventional data center module and communication base station air conditioner system still need to continue to run with refrigeration compressor, refrigeration system work effect Rate is low and easily breaks down, if utilizing indoor/outdoor temperature-difference (natural cooling source) low cost conveying heat or providing cold for indoor Amount, will be greatly reduced energy consumption and the operating cost of air conditioning system.
Outdoor Cryogenic air is utilized to provide the method for cold to obtain scholar and the concern of engineers and technicians in the industry for indoor, and Launch engineering and technological research and application in different forms, such as the VMC (Ventilation Mechanical Control System) used at present, in addition with multi-form gas- Gas, air-water heat-exchange system, and the composite air conditioner of application hot pipe technique.
Chinese utility model patent ZL200720019537.8 discloses a kind of assistant energy-saving refrigeration apparatus for machine room, works as outdoor air When temperature is relatively low, air-conditioning quits work, and outdoor Cryogenic air is directly delivered to indoor and is used for the equipment coolings such as electronic housing, utilize certainly So low-temperature receiver, reduces air conditioning energy consumption.But this directly utilize outdoor Cryogenic air for electrical cooling owing to cannot ensure room air Quality, it is impossible to stop the dust of outdoor, moisture etc. and enter indoor, easily the electronic equipments such as server are caused damage.
Chinese utility model patent ZL201020114596.X discloses a kind of natural cold-energy heat exchange for communication base station fill Put, including air heat exchanger, indoor fan, outdoor fan and casing thereof.When outdoor temperature is relatively low, by outdoor Cryogenic air Introducing, carry out heat exchange with room air, indirect utilization natural cooling source reduces air themperature in base station, reduces base station energy consumption.This Although kind of gas-gas heat exchange ensure that the quality of room air, but greatly and temperature uniformity requires high machine room pair for thermic load As, need huge heat exchange area to overcome the drawback that airair heat exchanger heat transfer efficiency is low.
Disclosing a kind of air-cooling thermotube-type machine room air-conditioning system in Chinese invention patent CN201010528027.X, this system has There are compression-type refrigeration and two kinds of mode of operations of heat pipe circularly cooling.The refrigeration mode work when outdoor temperature >=20 DEG C, participates in refrigeration and follows First refrigeration working medium evaporation endothermic in evaporative condenser of ring, cools down and condenses the second refrigeration working medium;When outdoor temperature < 20 DEG C Time, system is converted to heat pipe circularly cooling pattern, utilizes outdoor Cryogenic air that the second refrigeration working medium is cooled down and condensed, pressure Compression type refrigerating circulation quits work, thus effectively reduces annual air conditioning energy consumption.This system is utilizing outdoor Cryogenic air cold with true Protect indoor air quality aspect and compensate for the deficiency of first two system, but compression-type refrigeration and two kinds of mode of operations of heat pipe circularly cooling Switching at a certain temperature spot, the natural cooling source of outdoor Cryogenic air is not fully used;For performing GB/T 19413-2010 Air conditioning system, owing to indoor design temperature is 24 DEG C, compression-type refrigeration is transformed into the outdoor environment temperature of heat pipe circularly cooling Must be the lowest, the utilization rate of natural cooling source is low.
Utility model patent ZL01278831.7 discloses the energy-saving refrigeration cycling devices of a kind of band circulating pump, in heat pipe cyclic system System uses circulating pump be conducive to improving the work efficiency of heat pipe circulation, also simplify when hot-pipe system is installed condenser, liquid storage Device and vaporizer are relative to the requirement of position, but the deficiency that ZL01278831.7 is in terms of maximally utilizing the cold of outdoor Cryogenic air Similar with CN201010528027.X, i.e. the ceiling temperature of heat pipe circulation work must relatively low steadily could be connected with kind of refrigeration cycle.
The promotion of the big informationization technology such as data, cloud computing development, Large-scale Data Rooms area has evolved to thousands of~hundreds thousand of squares Rice, unit are heat flow density rises to from 5kW, more than the 35kW of supercomputer system, create more powerful height Imitate air conditioning system and more flexible combination thereof and the needs of control mode.
Summary of the invention
For avoiding computer-room air conditioning system to remain a need for running high energy consumption and reliability etc. produced by vapor compression refrigeration no at low temperature season Foot, meets the air conditioning requirements of the hundreds of~tens thousand of kW capacity of Large-scale Data Rooms, and solves combined type refrigerant air conditioning system multi-machine parallel connection Technology and the problem such as refrigerating capacity regulation and energy hole, utilize natural cooling source substantially, it is achieved combined air conditioner product scale, High efficiency production and application, the invention provides a kind of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner.
The present invention solves that technical problem adopts the following technical scheme that
Being structurally characterized in that of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention: described multi-gang air conditioner is to arrange two in outside Or the cold source system of plural outdoor combined type refrigerant module composition multi-gang air conditioner, one or one is arranged in indoor Above direct-evaporation-type indoor air-cooler module, coolant Storing and conveying unit is by collector tube, feed flow house steward and return-air house steward It is connected between described outdoor combined type refrigerant module and indoor air-cooler module constitute closed circulation system;
Described outdoor combined type refrigerant module is followed by the compound-refrigerating in the Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle loop of the first coolant with the second coolant Loop back path is constituted by heat exchanger is compound, and by the second coolant to indoor air-cooler module conveying cold;Described vapour pressure contraction SAPMAC method loop is set gradually as air-cooled condenser in compressor, air-cooled heat exchange assembly, throttling machine by the flow direction of the first coolant Evaporation channel in structure and heat exchanger;The high pressure gas side of described compressor is connected with the entrance of air-cooled condenser, low pressure is inhaled Gas side is connected with the outlet of evaporation channel;Described compressor is the parallel combination of two fixed frequency refrigeration compressors;Described compound system SAPMAC method loop has compound-refrigerating operating path and vapor compression refrigeration operating path;Described compound-refrigerating operating path is: the Two coolant import in entrance branch connects valve, the air cooling heat exchanger in the second electromagnetic valve, air-cooled heat exchange assembly and heat exchange successively Condensation channel in device, and connect derivation in valve going out liquid arm;Described vapor compression refrigeration operating path is: the second coolant exists Described entrance branch connects importing in valve, successively after the condensation channel in the first electromagnetic valve and heat exchanger at described outlet stool even Connect in valve and derive;Described heat exchanger uses plate type heat exchanger or shell pipe type condensation evaporator;In described air-cooled heat exchange assembly, if Putting blower fan is the shared blower fan for described air cooling heat exchanger and described air-cooled condenser;
Described indoor air-cooler module is to be made up of vaporizer, evaporation fan and flow control valve, going out of each indoor air-cooler module Mouth branch road connects valve and is connected in parallel to return-air house steward, and is propped up by the import of described return-air house steward with each outdoor combined type refrigerant module Pipe connects valve and is connected;Described flow control valve is arranged on the arrival end of described vaporizer, the temperature-sensing element of described flow control valve On the tube wall of the port of export being arranged on described vaporizer;Described flow control valve is ratio adjusting valve, and described temperature-sensing element will evaporation The refrigerant temperature signal of device outlet is converted to pressure signal, and is transferred to flow control valve by capillary tube, regulates flow control valve Aperture, thus control the liquid supply rate of vaporizer and the degree of superheat of outlet thereof;
Described coolant Storing and conveying unit includes reservoir and liquid pump, and the input of described reservoir is multiple with each outdoor by collector tube The liquid arm connection valve that goes out in box-like refrigeration module is connected, and the outfan of described reservoir passes through liquid pump and through feed flow house steward with each The import branch road of indoor air-cooler module connects valve and is connected;
Be provided with excessive trachea at the top of described reservoir, described excessive trachea is connected with return-air house steward by check valve, described unidirectional Valve is towards the flow direction one-way conduction of return-air house steward with reservoir.
The construction features of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention lies also in: in described air-cooled heat exchange assembly, air-cooled changes Hot device and air-cooled condenser all use parallel-flow heat exchanger, and in face of wind direction parallel side-by-side, described air cooling heat exchanger be positioned at inlet air side, Air-cooled condenser is positioned at air side, and constitutes an air channel with described blower fan.
The construction features of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention lies also in: in described coolant Storing and conveying unit, liquid pump Stable for fluid head with holding for determining frequency canned motor pump, bypass pipe and bypass valve, described side are set between feed flow house steward and reservoir The aperture of logical valve is inlet pressure control by it, and pressure the most then aperture is big, and vice versa.
The construction features of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention lies also in: described blower fan is high speed, middling speed and stopping Third gear step speed regulation blower fan.
The construction features of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention lies also in: described first coolant select R410A, R417, R22, R134a, R290 or R32 cold-producing medium, or select natural refrigerant R744, described second coolant select R134a, R22, R290 or R32 cold-producing medium.
The control method of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention is: arranging described multi-gang air conditioner is vapor compression refrigeration With two kinds of different working modes of compound-refrigerating, and have:
At Δ Ta<under the operating mode of A, run the mode of operation of vapor compression refrigeration;
At Δ TaUnder the operating mode of >=A, run the mode of operation of compound-refrigerating;
Wherein: Δ Ta=Th–Ta, ThFor the measured value of the second coolant real time temperature, T in return-air house stewardaFor outdoor environment temperature Measured value, A is setting value.
The feature of the control method of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention also resides in:
The mode of operation of described vapor compression refrigeration refers to: the cold of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner is all by running vapour pressure Contraction is cold to be provided;Pressure under the mode of operation of described vapor compression refrigeration, in the outdoor combined type refrigerant module put into operation Contracting machine and fan operation, the first electromagnetic valve are opened, the second closed electromagnetic valve, and the second coolant connects valve and first by entrance branch Electromagnetic valve, carries out heat exchange with the first coolant in evaporation channel, after the second coolant exothermic condensation in the condensation channel of heat exchanger Valve and collector tube entrance reservoir is connected through going out liquid arm;For certain outdoor combined type refrigerant module, only two compressions When machine all quits work, the blower fan of this outdoor combined type refrigerant module is the most out of service, and the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve Close;
The regulation of refrigerating capacity is realized by loading or the off-load of compressor, and its control method is:
If meeting B Δ B≤Tb≤ B+ Δ B, maintains compressor operating quantity constant;
If meeting B+ Δ B < Tb, start off-duty compressor one by one and load;
If meeting Tb< B Δ B, the compressor stopping one by one having run carries out off-load;
Wherein: B is the design temperature of the second coolant in reservoir, and Δ B is the control deviation of B, TbFor the second coolant in reservoir Real time temperature detected value.
The control method of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention lie also in:
The mode of operation of described compound-refrigerating refers to: preferentially utilize air cooling heat exchanger to provide cold, not enough cold to be freezed by control The operation number of units of compressor is supplemented;The control mode of described compound-refrigerating is: if outside has refrigeration compressor to run, then The blower fan high-speed cruising of all outdoor combined type refrigerant modules in cold source system, the first closed electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve unlatching, Second coolant connects valve, the second electromagnetic valve by entrance branch, and first heat release in air cooling heat exchanger, then by heat exchanger The further heat release of condensation channel, connects valve entrance collector tube through going out liquid arm, then flows into reservoir;
Under the mode of operation of described combined type refrigerant, the loading of compressor or the control method of off-load be:
If meeting B Δ B≤Tb≤ B+ Δ B, maintains compressor operating quantity constant;
If meeting B+ Δ B < Tb, start off-duty compressor one by one and load, until in each outdoor compound-refrigerating module A compressor is had to devote oneself to work, if still meeting B+ Δ B < T afterwardsb, then carry out second and take turns the of outdoor compound-refrigerating module Two compressor loads;
If meeting Tb< B Δ B, the compressor stopping one by one having run carries out off-load, until in each outdoor compound-refrigerating module only There is a compressor operating, if still meeting T afterwardsb< B Δ B, then carry out second and take turns off-load, until the compound system in all outdoors The wholly off work of compressor of chill block.
The control method of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention lies also in:
Under the mode of operation of compound-refrigerating, when indoor thermic load is less than the cold provided by air cooling heat exchanger, all pressures Contracting machine quits work;Regulate refrigerating capacity according to the following rules:
If meeting B Δ B≤Tb≤ B+ Δ B, maintains fan operation quantity and speed constant;
If meeting Tb< B Δ B, the rotating speed reducing blower fan one by one is middling speed, if still meeting T afterwardsb< B Δ B, the most one by one Stop the operation of blower fan;
When operating mode changes so that meeting B+ Δ B < TbTime, run blower fan one by one with middling speed, if still meeting B+ Δ B afterwards <Tb, improve rotation speed of fan the most one by one at a high speed.
The control method of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention lies also in:
For outdoor combined type refrigerant modules all in described system, using and first open, the method for operation on duty by turns first stopped is operated; For compressors all in described system, same employing is first opened, and the method for operation on duty by turns first stopped is operated, and arranges each compressor Start and stop interval times be 3~5 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effect that:
1, the integrated new skill of air-cooled freezing by change of state applying steam compression type refrigerating and low-power consumption natural cooling source scale application of the present invention Art, carries out operating mode switching according to indoor/outdoor temperature-difference and indoor heat load situation and refrigerating capacity regulates, compound-refrigerating circulating working mode The operation temperature area of applications expanding application natural cooling source, it is to avoid when indoor/outdoor temperature-difference is less natural cooling source not enough and must be single Run vapor compression refrigeration mode of operation, can realize maximally utilizing natural cooling source, reach air conditioning unit low cost movement and energy-conservation Purpose.
2, the outside of multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention is by two or more outdoor combined type refrigerant module composition combined air conditioners The cold source system of system, can be according to the quantity of air-conditioning design load flexible configuration outdoor combined type refrigerant module and indoor air-cooler mould The quantity of block, load coupling and air conditioning system increase-volume are convenient;Outdoor combined type refrigerant module uses double-compressor parallel to arrange, many The energy adjustment precision of compressor assembly improves, and when single compressor works, condensing heat exchanger area is big, and the refrigeration system thermal efficiency is high; Such as certain compressor fault, it is unlikely to this outdoor combined type refrigerant module failure and shuts down, though certain outdoor combined type refrigerant mould Block breaks down, and also allows for rapid-maintenance or replacing, the running quality of data center air-conditioner system will not be had big impact, can High by property.
3, the outdoor air cooling heat exchanger of combined type refrigerant module, air-cooled condenser are become air-cooled heat exchange assembly by the present invention with fan design, It is of value to and improving production efficiency and product quality;Air cooling heat exchanger, air-cooled condenser are aluminum matter micro-channel parallel flow structure, its matter Gently, volume little, heat transfer efficiency is high, heat transfer temperature difference can be obviously reduced, improve system thermal efficiency;Two heat exchangers share a wind Machine passage makes space structure compact, and system layout is attractive in appearance, and cost is low.
4, air-cooled condenser is the critical component of vapor-compression cycle system, and function is cooling, condensation and the system of supercool High Temperature High Pressure Cryogen, works in the environment of outdoor is temperature high, middle, and under middle temperature environment, the heat transfer temperature difference of air-cooled condenser is big, heat-transfer capability is rich Abundant;Air cooling heat exchanger only, in outdoor is, just work in the environment of low temperature, utilizes natural cooling source part substitute or substitute height completely The compressor cooling of power consumption, is the present invention key that produces significantly energy-saving effect;By air cooling heat exchanger with air-cooled condenser respectively Being arranged on inlet air side and air side, both only work under conditions of outdoor is middle temperature simultaneously, and air cooling heat exchanger is arranged on inlet air side, Both increased the refrigerating capacity of air cooling heat exchanger, improve the efficiency utilizing natural cooling source, through the air temperature rise of air cooling heat exchanger heating Less than 10 DEG C, vapor-compression cycle system high efficiency is run and the reliability of raising refrigeration system has positive effect.
5, the present invention arranges coolant Storing and conveying unit, configures Large Copacity the second coolant reservoir, and thermal capacity is big, can quickly respond , wide cut frequent by tune object thermic load changes, and good stability, degree of regulation is high;It is that indoor is concentrated that liquid pump carries the second coolant Circulation cooling, power cycle reliability is high, is not limited by installation site;Second coolant carries out phase inversion at release end of heat and endotherm section Heat, heat transfer coefficient is big, heat exchange efficiency is high, and heat exchanger structure is compact, it is to avoid employing gas-gas or air-water heat exchanger heat transfer efficiency Low, that heat exchanger area is huge problem, and circular flow is little, and conveying merit is little;Using liquid pump forced circulation, liquid supply rate is stable, Flow-rate adjustment is convenient, accurate;Liquid pump pressure head most preferably can mate according to feed flow distance, drop and SR, beneficially air-conditioning The accurate control of temperature.
6, combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner of the present invention uses multiple outdoor combined type refrigerant module, each outdoor combined type refrigerant Module has two fixed frequency refrigeration compressors, carry out refrigerating capacity regulation by compressor startup-shutdown, it is to avoid frequency conversion refrigerant compression Machine operates in the poor efficiency during slow-speed of revolution, it also avoid electromagnetic interference produced by use converter plant simultaneously, reduces multi-joint sky The fault rate of adjusting system and manufacturing cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is outdoor combined type refrigerant block diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 3 a is air-cooled heat exchange assembly main TV structure schematic diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 3 b is air-cooled heat exchange assembly side-looking structural representation in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is indoor air-cooler block diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner energy adjustment of the present invention plans schematic diagram;
Label in figure: 1 outdoor combined type refrigerant module, 2 coolant Storing and conveying unit, 3 indoor air-cooler modules, 4 collector tubes, 5 feed flow house stewards, 6 return-air house stewards, 11 compressors, 12 air-cooled heat exchange assemblies, 121 air cooling heat exchangers, 122 air-cooled condensers, 123 blower fans, 13 throttle mechanisms, 14 heat exchangers, 141 evaporation channels, 142 condensation channels, 151 entrance branch connection valves, 152 Going out liquid arm and connect valve, 16 first electromagnetic valves, 17 second electromagnetic valves, 21 liquid pumps, 22 reservoirs, 23 bypass pipes, 24 is other Logical valve, 25 overflow trachea, 26 check valves, 31 vaporizers, 32 evaporation fans, 33 flow control valves, 34 capillary tubies, 35 senses Temperature element, 361 import branch roads connect valve, and 362 outlet branch roads connect valve.
Detailed description of the invention
Seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the structure of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner is set to: arrange two in outside Individual or plural outdoor combined type refrigerant module 1 constitutes the cold source system of multi-gang air conditioner, arrange in indoor one or More than one direct-evaporation-type indoor air-cooler module 3, coolant Storing and conveying unit 2 is by collector tube 4, feed flow house steward 5 and Return-air house steward 6 is connected between outdoor combined type refrigerant module 1 and indoor air-cooler module 3 constitute closed circulation system.
As in figure 2 it is shown, in the present embodiment outdoor combined type refrigerant module 1 by the Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle loop of the first coolant with The compound-refrigerating closed circuit of the second coolant is constituted by heat exchanger 14 is compound, and by the second coolant to indoor air-cooler module 3 Conveying cold;Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle loop is set gradually as compressor 11, air-cooled heat exchange assembly by the flow direction of the first coolant The evaporation channel 141 in air-cooled condenser 122, throttle mechanism 13 and heat exchanger 14 in 12;The high pressure of compressor 11 Gas side is connected with the entrance of air-cooled condenser 122, low pressure air suction side is connected with the outlet of evaporation channel 141;Compressor 11 It it is the parallel combination of two fixed frequency refrigeration compressors;Compound-refrigerating closed circuit has compound-refrigerating operating path and vapour pressure contraction Cold operating path;Compound-refrigerating operating path is: the second coolant imports in entrance branch connects valve 151, successively through the second electricity Air cooling heat exchanger 121 in magnet valve 17, air-cooled heat exchange assembly 12 and the condensation channel 142 in heat exchanger 14, and prop up going out liquid Pipe connects in valve 152 derives;Vapor compression refrigeration operating path is: the second coolant imports in entrance branch connects valve 151, Derive in outlet stool connects valve 152 after the condensation channel 142 in the first electromagnetic valve 16 and heat exchanger 14 successively;Heat exchange Device 14 is to use plate type heat exchanger or shell pipe type condensation evaporator;In air-cooled heat exchange assembly 12, arrange blower fan 123 be for Air cooling heat exchanger 121 and the shared blower fan of air-cooled condenser 122, blower fan 123 is that the third gear of high speed, middling speed and stopping has level Adjustable speed fan;First coolant selects R410A, R417, R22, R134a, R290 or R32 cold-producing medium, or selects natural system Cryogen R744, the second coolant selects R134a, R22, R290 or R32 cold-producing medium.
Seeing Fig. 4, in the present embodiment, indoor air-cooler module 3 is by vaporizer 31, evaporation fan 32 and flow control valve 33 Constituting, the outlet branch road of each indoor air-cooler module 3 connects valve 362 and is connected in parallel to return-air house steward 6, and by return-air house steward 6 It is connected valve 151 with the entrance branch of each outdoor combined type refrigerant module 1 to be connected;Flow control valve 33 is arranged on vaporizer 31 Arrival end, on the tube wall of the port of export that the temperature-sensing element 35 of flow control valve 33 is arranged on vaporizer 31.Flow control valve 33 is ratio adjusting valve, and the refrigerant temperature signal that vaporizer 31 is exported by temperature-sensing element 35 is converted to pressure signal, and passes through hair Tubule 34 is transferred to flow control valve 35, the aperture of regulation flow control valve 33, thus control vaporizer 31 liquid supply rate and The degree of superheat of its outlet.
As it is shown in figure 1, coolant Storing and conveying unit 2 includes reservoir 22 and liquid pump 21 in the present embodiment, reservoir 22 defeated Enter end to be connected valve 152 by collector tube 4 be connected with the liquid arm that goes out in the combined type refrigerant module 1 of each outdoor, reservoir 22 Outfan is connected valve 361 is connected by liquid pump 21 and through the import branch road of feed flow house steward 5 with each indoor air-cooler module 3;? The top of reservoir 22 is provided with excessive trachea 25, and the trachea 25 that overflows is connected with return-air house steward 6 by check valve 26, check valve 26 It is towards the flow direction one-way conduction of return-air house steward 6 with reservoir 22.Coolant Storing and conveying unit is set, configures larger capacity The second coolant reservoir, the big the most then thermal inertia of liquid storage thermal capacity is big, can quickly respond adjusted object thermic load frequently, wide cut change, For the good stability of liquid temp, air-conditioner temperature precision is high;It is indoor centralized cycle cooling that liquid pump carries the second coolant, and power follows Ring reliability is high, is not limited by installation site;Second coolant carries out phase-change heat-exchange at release end of heat and heat absorbing end, heat transfer coefficient is big, Heat exchange efficiency is high, and heat exchanger volume is little, compact conformation, and circular flow is little, and conveying merit is little;Use liquid pump forced circulation, feed flow Amount is stable, and Flow-rate adjustment is convenient, accurate;Liquid pump pressure head most preferably can mate according to feed flow distance, drop and SR, It is beneficial to the accurate control of air-conditioner temperature.
In being embodied as, corresponding structure arranges and also includes:
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, in air-cooled heat exchange assembly 12, air cooling heat exchanger 121 and air-cooled condenser 122 All use parallel-flow heat exchanger, and in face of wind direction parallel side-by-side, air cooling heat exchanger 121 is positioned at inlet air side, air-cooled condenser 122 Being positioned at air side, and constitute an air channel with blower fan 123, in Fig. 3 a, each arrow show wind direction.Air-cooled condenser 122 is to steam The critical component of air pressure contracting blood circulation, function be cooling, condensation and the cold-producing medium of supercool High Temperature High Pressure, outdoor be height, in Working in the environment of temperature, under middle temperature environment, the heat transfer temperature difference of air-cooled condenser is big, heat-transfer capability is rich;Air cooling heat exchanger 121 exists Outdoor be in, work in the environment of low temperature, utilize natural cooling source part to substitute or substitute the compressor 11 of high power consumption completely and freeze, It it is the present invention key that produces significantly energy-saving effect;Air cooling heat exchanger 121 and air-cooled condenser 122 are separately positioned on inlet air Side and air side, both only work under conditions of outdoor is middle temperature simultaneously, and air cooling heat exchanger 121 is arranged on inlet air side, both increases The big refrigerating capacity of air cooling heat exchanger 121, improves the efficiency utilizing natural cooling source, through the air of air cooling heat exchanger 121 heating Temperature rise is less than 10 DEG C, runs vapor-compression cycle system high efficiency and the reliability of raising refrigeration system has positive effect.By room The air cooling heat exchanger 121 of outer combined type refrigerant module 1, air-cooled condenser 122 and blower fan 123 are designed to air-cooled heat exchange assembly, It is of value to and improving production efficiency and product quality;Air cooling heat exchanger 121, air-cooled condenser 122 use aluminum matter micro-channel parallel flow Structure, light weight, volume are little, and heat transfer efficiency is high, heat transfer temperature difference can be obviously reduced, improve system thermal efficiency;Two heat exchangers are altogether Making space structure compact by a fan passage, system layout is attractive in appearance, and cost is low.
As it is shown in figure 1, in coolant Storing and conveying unit 2, liquid pump 21 is stable for fluid head with holding for fixed frequency canned motor pump, Arranging bypass pipe 23 and bypass valve 24 between feed flow house steward 5 and reservoir 22, the aperture of bypass valve 24 is by its inlet pressure control System, pressure the most then aperture is big, and vice versa.Its objective is: when indoor, thermic load is less, flow control valve 33 aperture is less Time, by the second unnecessary coolant bypass to reservoir 22, the evaporating pressure keeping indoor air-cooler module 3 is the most stable.
In the present embodiment, the control method of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner is: arranging multi-gang air conditioner is vapor compression refrigeration With two kinds of different working modes of compound-refrigerating, and have:
At Δ Ta<under the operating mode of A, run the mode of operation of vapor compression refrigeration;
At Δ TaUnder the operating mode of >=A, run the mode of operation of compound-refrigerating;
Wherein: Δ Ta=Th–Ta, ThFor the measured value of the second coolant real time temperature, T in return-air house steward 6aFor outdoor environment temperature Measured value, A is setting value.
In being embodied as, the mode of operation of vapor compression refrigeration refers to: the cold of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner is all by transporting Row vapor compression refrigeration is provided, such as the A2-A3 section of Fig. 5, by controlling the operation number of units of refrigeration compressor 11, regulation system Cold matches with air conditioner heat load;Under the mode of operation of vapor compression refrigeration, the outdoor combined type refrigerant module put into operation Compressor 11 and blower fan 123 in 1 run, the first electromagnetic valve 16 is opened, the second electromagnetic valve 17 cuts out, and the second coolant passes through Entrance branch connects valve 151 and the first electromagnetic valve 16, in the condensation channel 142 of heat exchanger 14 with in evaporation channel 141 First coolant carries out heat exchange, connects valve 152 and collector tube 4 and enters reservoir through going out liquid arm after the second coolant exothermic condensation 22;For certain outdoor combined type refrigerant module 1, only when two compressors 11 all quit work, this outdoor combined type system The blower fan 123 of chill block 1 is the most out of service, and the first electromagnetic valve 16 and the second electromagnetic valve 17 are closed;
The regulation of refrigerating capacity is realized by loading or the off-load of compressor 11, and its control method is:
If meeting B Δ B≤Tb≤ B+ Δ B, maintains compressor 11 to run quantity constant;
If meeting B+ Δ B < Tb, start off-duty compressor 11 one by one and load;
If meeting Tb< B Δ B, the compressor 11 stopping one by one having run carries out off-load;
Wherein: B is the design temperature of the second coolant in reservoir 22, and Δ B is the control deviation of B, TbFor in reservoir 22 The real time temperature detected value of two coolant, B and Δ B are setting value, can require to set according to air-conditioning object and accuracy of temperature control, convenient User uses and debugs.
The mode of operation of compound-refrigerating refers to: preferentially utilizing air cooling heat exchanger (121) to provide cold, not enough cold is by control system The operation number of units of cold compressor 11 is supplemented, and such as the A1-A2 section of Fig. 5, the cold that M point air cooling heat exchanger 121 provides is Q2, Run compressor 11 and refrigerating capacity Q is provided1As supplementing;The control mode of compound-refrigerating is: if there is refrigeration compressor 11 outside Run, then blower fan 123 high-speed cruising of all outdoor combined type refrigerant modules 1 in cold source system, maximally utilizes natural cooling source, First electromagnetic valve 16 cuts out, the second electromagnetic valve 17 is opened, and the second coolant connects valve the 151, second electromagnetic valve by entrance branch 17, first heat release in air cooling heat exchanger 121, then by the further heat release of condensation channel 142 of heat exchanger 14, through going out Liquid arm connects valve 152 and enters collector tube 4, then flows into reservoir 22.
Under the mode of operation of combined type refrigerant, the loading of compressor 11 or the control method of off-load be:
If meeting B Δ B≤Tb≤ B+ Δ B, maintains compressor 11 to run quantity constant.
If meeting B+ Δ B < Tb, start off-duty compressor 11 one by one and load, until each outdoor compound-refrigerating module After having a compressor 11 to devote oneself to work in 1, if still meeting B+ Δ B < T afterwardsb, then carry out second take turns outdoor compound Second compressor 11 of refrigeration module 1 loads.
If meeting Tb< B Δ B, the compressor 11 stopping one by one having run carries out off-load, until each outdoor compound-refrigerating module After only having compressor 11 job in 1, if still meeting T afterwardsb< B Δ B, then carry out second and take turns off-load, until institute There is the wholly off work of compressor 11 of outdoor compound-refrigerating module 1.
Under the mode of operation of compound-refrigerating, when indoor thermic load is less than the cold provided by air cooling heat exchanger 121, institute Having compressor 11 to quit work, such as the A0-A1 section of Fig. 5, combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner operates in fully utilized nature The energy conservation state of low-temperature receiver, in order to ensure for liquid temp and air-conditioner temperature precision, with following rule adjustment air cooling heat exchanger 121 Produced refrigerating capacity:
If meeting B Δ B≤Tb≤ B+ Δ B, maintains blower fan 123 to run quantity and speed is constant.
If meeting Tb< B Δ B, the rotating speed reducing blower fan 123 one by one is middling speed, if still meeting T afterwardsb< B Δ B, then Stop the operation of ventilated machine 123 one by one.
When operating mode changes so that meeting B+ Δ B < TbTime, run blower fan 123 one by one with middling speed, if still meeting afterwards B+ΔB<Tb, raising blower fan 123 rotating speed is at a high speed the most one by one, until compressor 11 is started working.
In Fig. 5, abscissa is outdoor environment temperature, and vertical coordinate is energy, including: air-conditioning rated heat input, rated heat load, compressor refrigerating capacity, Air-cooled refrigerating capacity and air conditioning energy consumption.Wherein A2-A3 section is compressor cooling, and compressor adds off-load regulation refrigerating capacity;A1-A2 section For compound-refrigerating, air-cooled oepration at full load, compressor adds off-load regulation refrigerating capacity;A0-A1 section, compressor quits work, and adjusts The refrigerating capacity that joint fan speed regulation is air-cooled;In each section, the change of air-conditioning total energy consumption such as bottommost line segment, from high temperature to low temperature, It is W1, W2, W3, W4, W5 respectively.
As it is shown in figure 5, machine room thermic load is constant at wide warm area;The output refrigerating capacity of vapor compression refrigeration and air-cooled refrigeration is being run Interval increases along with the decline of ring temperature, needs to carry out energy adjustment and is allowed to match with machine room thermic load.A3-A2 section is steam Compression refrigeration mode working area, the cold of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner is all provided by operation vapor compression refrigeration, logical Crossing control compressor 11 and run number of units regulation refrigerating capacity output, corresponding energy consumption changes from W1 to W2;A1-A2 section is transition The compound-refrigerating district in season, air cooling heat exchanger 121 oepration at full load maximally utilizes natural cooling source, controls compressor 11 and runs platform Number regulation refrigerating capacity output, corresponding energy consumption changes from W3 to W4, owing to air-cooled circulation work effectively reduces compressor 11 Energy consumption, W2 > W3;A1-A0 section is low temperature season, and machine room thermic load is cold less than provided by air cooling heat exchanger (121) Amount, all compressors 11 quit work, and combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner operates in the most energy-conservation work of fully utilized natural cooling source Make state, control blower fan 123 speed or run the refrigerating capacity that number regulation air cooling heat exchanger 121 is provided, corresponding energy consumption change From W4 to W5;In wide warm area, the total energy consumption of combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner is gradually reduced along with the decline of ring temperature, from So the use of low-temperature receiver significantly reduces the total energy consumption of system, as used single vapor compression refrigeration, then at whole service warm area A3-A0 air conditioning energy consumption is changed to W1 to W6, and not only energy consumption increases, and the most also increases vapor compression refrigeration system and operates in low The failure risk of temperature environment.
For outdoor combined type refrigerant modules 1 all in system, using and first open, the method for operation on duty by turns first stopped is operated;Right All compressors 11 in system, same employing first opens, and the method for operation on duty by turns first stopped is operated, and improves combined type refrigerant many The average life of gang air conditioner and the utilization rate of critical component;The start and stop interval time pre-setting each compressor 11 is 3~5 points Clock.In actual motion, in coolant Storing and conveying unit 2, it usually needs configure two liquid pumps 21, in order to form the using and the reserved Operation on duty by turns, it is ensured that system operation reliability.
With the air-conditioning of the high-performance computer system of an actual motion as embodiment, the setting wind pushing temperature of enclosed server cabinet Be 22 DEG C, return air temperature be 33 DEG C.
In return-air house steward 6, the second refrigerant temperature is Δ T with the difference of outdoor environment temperaturea, the setting value of A is 2, if Δ Ta< 2, Run vapor compression refrigeration mode of operation;If Δ Ta>=2, run compound-refrigerating mode of operation.
Can predict: when outside air temperature > 20 DEG C, air conditioning system operates in vapor compression refrigeration district;Outside air temperature When≤20 DEG C, air conditioning system may operate in compound-refrigerating working area;Owing to the usual workload of computer system is 40~60% model Enclosing, the operation rule of compound-refrigerating working area is: oepration at full load is air-cooled to realize maximally utilizing natural cooling source room, when air-cooled When refrigerating capacity produced by heat exchanger 121 is more than or equal to thermic load, compressor 11 quits work, and air conditioning system is fully utilized certainly So low-temperature receiver, it is achieved air conditioning system low energy consumption runs.
As Δ Ta< when 2, air conditioning unit cold source system operates in vapor compression refrigeration mode of operation, and its control method is: do not throw Enter the compressor 11 of combined type refrigerant module 1 of operation, blower fan the 123, first electromagnetic valve the 16, second electromagnetic valve 17 is in Closed mode;Compressor 11 and the blower fan 123 of the combined type refrigerant module 1 put into operation run, the first electromagnetic valve 16 is opened, Second electromagnetic valve 17 closes, and the second coolant connects valve the 151, first electromagnetic valve 16 by entrance branch, in the condensation of heat exchanger 14 Passage 142 carries out with the first coolant in evaporation channel 141 heat exchange, the second coolant exothermic condensation, connects through going out liquid arm Valve 152 enters collector tube 4, then flows into reservoir 22.
Set the temperature of the second coolant in reservoir 22 and deviation as 18 DEG C ± 1 DEG C, TbFor the second coolant real-time in reservoir 22 Temperature, the control method of the adding of compressor 11, off-load and energy adjustment is:
If meeting 17 DEG C≤Tb≤ 19 DEG C, remain unchanged;If meeting 19 DEG C of < Tb, start compressor 11 one by one and load;If Meet Tb< 17 DEG C, stop one by one compressor 11 and carry out off-load.
As Δ TaWhen >=2, air conditioning unit cold source system operates in compound-refrigerating mode of operation, and its control rule is: preferentially run Air-cooled, maximally utilize natural cooling source, not enough cold is supplemented by running compressor cooling.
If outside has refrigeration compressor 11 to run, then in cold source system, the blower fan 123 of all combined type refrigerant modules 1 is at full capacity Running, the first electromagnetic valve 16 closes, the second electromagnetic valve 17 is opened, and the second coolant connects valve the 151, second electromagnetism by entrance branch Valve 17, first heat release in air cooling heat exchanger 121, then by condensation channel 142 further heat release, the warp of heat exchanger 14 Go out liquid arm connection valve 152 and enter collector tube 4, then flow into reservoir 22.
When combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner operates in compound-refrigerating mode of operation, the adding of compressor 11, off-load and energy are adjusted The control method of joint is: if meeting 17 DEG C≤Tb≤ 19 DEG C, remain unchanged;If meeting 19 DEG C of < Tb, start compressor 11 one by one Load, until after each compound-refrigerating module 1 having a compressor 11 devote oneself to work, then carry out second and take turns compound system The loading of second compressor 11 of chill block 1;If meeting Tb< 17 DEG C, stop one by one compressor 11 and carry out off-load, until After each compound-refrigerating module 1 only has the work of compressor 11, then carry out second and take turns off-load, until all compound-refrigerating mouldsThe wholly off work of compressor 11 of block 1.
When combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner operates in compound-refrigerating mode of operation, when outdoor environment temperature is relatively low or indoor Thermic load is less or two kinds of situations occur simultaneously, and after refrigeration compressor 11 is all shut down, the rule of energy adjustment is: if meeting Tb< 17 DEG C, the rotating speed reducing blower fan 123 the most one by one is middling speed, if still meeting Tb< 17 DEG C, stop wind the most one by one The operation of machine 123;
When combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner operates in compound-refrigerating mode of operation, after part or all of blower fan 123 is shut down, When outdoor environment temperature rise or the increase of indoor thermic load or two kinds of situations occur simultaneously, if meeting 19 DEG C of < Tb, with in Speed runs blower fan 123 one by one, if still meeting 19 DEG C of < Tb, the rotating speed of raising blower fan 123 is at a high speed the most one by one, if still meeting 19 DEG C <Tb, start compressor 11 and supplement refrigerating capacity deficiency.
In operation, for outdoor combined type refrigerant modules 1 all in system, using and first open, the method for operation on duty by turns first stopped is carried out Work;For compressors 11 all in system, same employing is first opened, and the method for operation on duty by turns first stopped is operated.
The present invention is used for the air-conditioning objects such as the machine room that indoor design temperature is 27 DEG C or 24 DEG C, the second coolant in its reservoir 22 Design temperature TbCan suitably adjust, under conditions of meeting air-conditioning temperature and refrigerating capacity requirement, maximally utilize outdoor low Warm air is as natural cooling source, it is achieved the low-carbon (LC) of air conditioning system runs and the high-quality of room air.

Claims (5)

1. a combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner, is characterized in that: described multi-gang air conditioner be arrange in outside two or Plural outdoor combined type refrigerant module (1) constitutes the cold source system of multi-gang air conditioner, arranges one or one in indoor Individual above direct-evaporation-type indoor air-cooler module (3), coolant Storing and conveying unit (2) is total by collector tube (4), feed flow Pipe (5) and return-air house steward (6) be connected to described outdoor combined type refrigerant module (1) and indoor air-cooler module (3) it Between constitute closed circulation system;
Described outdoor combined type refrigerant module (1) is by the compound system in the Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle loop of the first coolant Yu the second coolant SAPMAC method loop is constituted by heat exchanger (14) is compound, and by the second coolant to indoor air-cooler module (3) conveying cold; Described Vapor Compression Refrigeration Cycle loop is set gradually as compressor (11), air-cooled heat exchange assembly (12) by the flow direction of the first coolant In air-cooled condenser (122), throttle mechanism (13) and heat exchanger (14) in evaporation channel (141);Described compression The high pressure gas side of machine (11) is connected with the entrance of air-cooled condenser (122), low pressure air suction side and evaporation channel (141) Outlet be connected;Described compressor (11) is the parallel combination of two fixed frequency refrigeration compressors;Described compound-refrigerating loops back Road has compound-refrigerating operating path and vapor compression refrigeration operating path;Described compound-refrigerating operating path is: the second coolant exists Entrance branch connects in valve (151) and imports, and air-cooled in the second electromagnetic valve (17), air-cooled heat exchange assembly (12) changes successively Condensation channel (142) in hot device (121) and heat exchanger (14), and connect derivation in valve (152) going out liquid arm;Institute Stating vapor compression refrigeration operating path is: the second coolant imports in described entrance branch connects valve (151), successively through the first electricity Derive in described outlet stool connects valve (152) after condensation channel (142) in magnet valve (16) and heat exchanger (14); Described heat exchanger (14) uses plate type heat exchanger or shell pipe type condensation evaporator;In described air-cooled heat exchange assembly (12), if Putting blower fan (123) is for described air cooling heat exchanger (121) and the shared blower fan of described air-cooled condenser (122);
Described indoor air-cooler module (3) is to be made up of vaporizer (31), evaporation fan (32) and flow control valve (33), The outlet branch road of each indoor air-cooler module (3) connects valve (362) and is connected in parallel to return-air house steward (6), and by described time Gas house steward (6) is connected valve (151) with the entrance branch of each outdoor combined type refrigerant module (1) and is connected;Described flow-control Valve (33) is arranged on the arrival end of described vaporizer (31), and the temperature-sensing element (35) of described flow control valve (33) is installed On the tube wall of the port of export of described vaporizer (31);Described flow control valve (33) is ratio adjusting valve, described temperature-sensitive unit The refrigerant temperature signal that vaporizer (31) exports is converted to pressure signal by part (35), and is transferred to by capillary tube (34) Flow control valve (35), the aperture of regulation flow control valve (33), thus control liquid supply rate and the outlet thereof of vaporizer (31) The degree of superheat;
Described coolant Storing and conveying unit (2) includes reservoir (22) and liquid pump (21), the input of described reservoir (22) Hold and be connected valve (152) by collector tube (4) be connected with the liquid arm that goes out in each outdoor combined type refrigerant module (1), described The outfan of reservoir (22) is by liquid pump (21) and through feed flow house steward (5) and the import of each indoor air-cooler module (3) Branch road connects valve (361) and is connected;
Be provided with excessive trachea (25) at the top of described reservoir (22), described excessive trachea (25) is by check valve (26) and returns Gas house steward (6) is connected, and described check valve (26) is towards the flow direction list of return-air house steward (6) with reservoir (22) To conducting.
Combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: at described air-cooled heat exchange assembly (12), in, air cooling heat exchanger (121) and air-cooled condenser (122) all use parallel-flow heat exchanger, and parallel in face of wind direction Side by side, described air cooling heat exchanger (121) is positioned at inlet air side, air-cooled condenser (122) is positioned at air side, and with described blower fan (123) air channel is constituted.
Combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: at described coolant Storing and conveying list In unit (2), liquid pump (21) is stable for fluid head with holding for fixed frequency canned motor pump, at feed flow house steward (5) and reservoir (22) Between bypass pipe (23) and bypass valve (24) are set, the aperture of described bypass valve (24) is inlet pressure control by it, and pressure is big Then aperture is big, and vice versa.
Combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described blower fan (123) is height Speed, middling speed and the third gear step speed regulation blower fan of stopping.
Combined type refrigerant multi-gang air conditioner the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described first coolant is selected R410A, R417, R22, R134a, R290 or R32 cold-producing medium, or select natural refrigerant R744, described second coolant Select R134a, R22, R290 or R32 cold-producing medium.
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