CN104239980B - Short-term optimization scheduling method for cascade hydropower station groups - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a short-term optimization scheduling method for cascade hydropower station groups. The short-term optimization scheduling method includes (1), determining scheduling objects and topological structure processing; (2), setting related parameters and scheduling initial conditions; (3), determining initial output and initial output distribution deviation of each power station according to practical scheduling models built by power stations different in adjusting type; (4), determining new total output of leading power stations; (5), distributing the new total output to each leading power station; (6), determining new output of power stations on the lower reach; (7), performing iterative processing, judging output and load deviation accuracy, and determining a final power generation scheme for the cascade power station groups. By the short-term optimization scheduling method, synchronization of power generating process of the power stations and load trend peak-valley is realized, and economic needs of cascade power stations are guaranteed; jumping when the power stations output during deviation periods is avoided, and continuous performability of scheduling schemes is guaranteed; load distributing efficiency of large-scale power station groups is improved substantially, and scheduling scheme formulating time is enabled to meet actual engineering needs better.

Description

A kind of Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method

Technical field

The invention belongs to hydraulic and electric engineering technical field, and in particular to a kind of Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method.

Background technology

In Hydropower Stations short term scheduling, step water consumption minimum or step accumulation of energy maximum model are typically set up, With method solving models such as quick distribution, News Search, intelligent algorithms so as to network load is distributed to step hydropower station, obtain Power station short-term 96 (24) point electricity generating plan.But the optimum in mathematical meaning is pursued due to above-mentioned model and algorithm, ignores ladder Level power station actual motion problem, such as load deviation, current time lag, flow matches etc., exerted oneself in causing the electricity generating plan for obtaining There is saltus step and regulation performance poor power station in step downstream is generated electricity in load valley in journey, and peak does not generate electricity, do not meet Economy of power plant benefit is required；Furthermore the Algorithm for Solving for adopting is less efficient, takes a significant amount of time for extensive station group, or even It is possible to produce local optimum or the situation without feasible solution of being absorbed in, thus affects engineering practicability.

The content of the invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of short-term of efficient distribution step load is practical Change dispatching method, ensure that each power station goes out while accurate reasonable and high efficiency distribution step total load in Hydropower Stations Power is steady, and considers current Time Delay, Proper Match upstream and downstream power station flow so that the generating opportunity in each power station of step with Network load trend synchronization.

The technical scheme is that：A kind of Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method, comprises the steps：

Step 1, selects step to participate in the power station of scheduling, is divided into three classes：I class, season adjust and its more than；II class, Adjust day and not exclusively day is adjusted；III class, radial-flow type；

Step 2, arranges schedule periods, is divided into T period, arranges in iterative calculation precision and each power station schedule periods Constraints；

Step 3, travels through all power stations, and I class, II class and III class power station press following I classes, II class and III class power generation dispatching respectively Model is adjusted, and determines that each power station is initially exerted oneself：

I class power generation dispatching model：By such power station generated energy according to electrical network given load trend proportional allocations to T when Section so that generated energy is reached maximum and while reaches minimum with electrical network given load simultaneously；

II class power generation dispatching model：The T period of traversal, determine whether power station letdown flow meets the constraint bar of letdown flow Part, if being unsatisfactory for, adjusts letdown flow, and ensures water balance total, until meeting the constraints of letdown flow；By up time Sequence carries out local letdown flow according to principle is shared equally by determining whether water level meets restriction of water level condition constantly if being unsatisfactory for Adjustment so which meets restriction of water level condition in letdown flow restriction range, other period letdown flows keep constant；Foundation The letdown flow and water level of acquisition is exerted oneself；

III class power generation dispatching model：Exerted oneself and letdown flow by the calculation of up time sequence in the case where each constraints is met；

Step 4, updates and calculates that I class power station is total exerts oneself；

Step 5, distributes day part output deviation to each I class power station again according to day part proportion of exerting oneself；

Step 6, travels through all II classes and III class power station, respectively II class again according to step 3 and III class power generation dispatching mould Type is adjusted, and regains II class and III class output of power station and water level and letdown flow；

Step 7, calculates the maximum deviation of step gross capability and electrical network given load, if more than iterative calculation precision, going to Step 4 iterative calculation is until maximum deviation is less than or equal to iterative calculation precision.

Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention have：

1) while power grid security benefit is met, can realize that each power station power generation process is same with load trend peak valley Step, it is ensured that the economic needs in each power station of step；

2) when deviation occurs in network load process, power station can be avoided to exert oneself in the deviation period and saltus step situation occurs, it is ensured that be adjusted The continuous enforceability of degree scheme；

3) increase substantially extensive station group sharing of load efficiency so that the scheduling scheme establishment time more meets engineering reality Border demand, therefore the present invention also can be used for real-time online scheduling and cascade AGC system.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is that II class power station global assignment reduces letdown flow process schematic；

Fig. 2 is that II class power station global assignment increases letdown flow process schematic；

Fig. 3 is that II class power station increases letdown flow process schematic according to unnecessary water yield local；

Fig. 4 is that letdown flow process schematic is reduced according to water yield local is lacked in II class power station.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

The power station that the present invention will be dispatched according to the scheduling type in power station first is divided into three types：

1) adjust in season and its above (I class)：Storage capacity adjustment factor β >=3%；

2) adjust day and not exclusively day adjusts (II class)：Storage capacity 2%≤β of adjustment factor<3%；

3) radial-flow type (III class)：Storage capacity adjustment factor β<2%.

Then, corresponding power generation dispatching model is set up respectively for this three classes power station：

I class power station：Such power station is larger due to storage coefficient, the water-level fluctuation very little in the short-term schedule periods of a day, makes Obtain change of water level to have little to no effect generated energy, therefore such power station adopts different generation modes, its total electricity is hardly Become, be the high efficiency for ensureing economy of power plant benefit and network load distribution, by such power station by sending out that water consumption conversion is obtained Electricity E_iAccording to electrical network given load P_tTrend proportional allocations are to T period so that its power generation process and P_t" with peak Tong Gu ". Concrete steps are described as follows states (3.1).

II class power station：Such power station scalable storage capacity is less, and storage capacity is changed greatly within one day, and which is normally under I class power station Trip, play counter regulation effect, it is ensured that the shipping safety in river course, but due to upstream power station generating earial drainage to such power station formed into Storehouse had relative to one day very important time lag of short-term, caused such power station " generating peak is anhydrous, many water of generating low ebb ", If while considering interval inflow so that above-mentioned flow matches, generating opportunity unreasonable problem are more projected.The present invention adopts one Flow control methods are planted, with electrical network given load P_tFor reference curve global assignment day part water, and local on this basis Adjustment flow so that water level meet the constraint condition, finally gives decrease and even eliminates current time-delay, Proper Match flow and Arrange the power generation dispatching process on generating opportunity.Implement step for example following (3.2).

III class power station：Such power station without regulation, keeps water level constant.Implement step for example following (3.3).

Specifically, Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method of the invention comprises the steps：

(1) scheduler object, topological structure process are determined：

(1.1) scheduler object.Step is selected to participate in power station n (n >=2) seat of scheduling, (season adjusts by force to generally comprise regulation performance Section and its more than) leading power station and regulation performance poor (day regulation and its following) lower station, with which as scheduler object, And be divided into adjusting in season according to the scheduling type in power station and its above (I class), adjust day and not exclusively adjust day (II class), Radial-flow type (III class) three types.

(1.2) topological structure.Using the determined power station of reverse traversal search method calculation procedure (1.1) from step upstream under The topological order numbering set A of trip_i(i=1,2...n).

(2) relevant parameter is set, scheduling initial condition is obtained：(2.1) relevant parameter.Schedule periods are set, T is divided into The individual period；Iterative calculation precision δ is set；Constraints in each power station schedule periods is set, wherein, restriction of water level：Z_i,t,min ≤Z_i,t≤Z_i,t,max, Z_i,t,min, Z_i,t,maxRespectively minimum and peak level of the i power stations in the t periods；Units limits：N_i,t,min ≤N_i,t≤N_i,t,max, N_i,t,min, N_i,t,maxRespectively minimum and maximum of the i power stations in the t periods is exerted oneself；Letdown flow is constrained： R_,t,min≤R_i,t≤R_i,t,max, R_i,t,min, R_i,t,maxRespectively minimum and maximum letdown flow of the i power stations in the t periods；The water yield is put down Weighing apparatus equation：V_i,t+I_i,tΔ t=V_i,t+1+R_i,tΔ t, V_i,t, V_i,t+1Respectively i power stations are at first storage capacity and and the end of t periods Storage capacity, Δ t are the time interval of a period.

(2.2) dispatch initial condition.Arrange or read step prediction total load P_t；Each power station scheduling initial water level is set Z_i,0；Scheduling forecast reservoir inflow or area of the power station in schedule periods are participated in by hydrologic(al) prognosis obtaining step (1.1) is determined Between flowing I_i,tOr In_i,t。

(3) determine that each power station is initially exerted oneself and initial output distribution deviation：A in order_iAll power stations are traveled through, according to upper Trip is let out under power station, time lag and local inflow calculate power station warehouse-in I using conventional method_iIt is (direct if the leading power station in power station Using reservoir inflow), if power station difference (3.1), (3.2), (3.3) condition, perform corresponding steps.

(3.1) if i ∈ I are power station i belongs to I class power station, the power station is obtained according to step (3.1.1)～(3.1.2) and sent out Electric process：

(3.1.1) obtain and initially exert oneself：According to P_tExert oneself shared population proportion of each period calculates power station and initially exerts oneselfE_iIt is expressed as the generated energy that power station i water consumption conversions are obtained.

(3.1.2) period exert oneself out-of-limit adjustment：T period of traversal, recordWhen hop count num1,When hop count num2 and out-of-limit total amount Δ：

If Δ=0,Meet the constraint need not be adjusted, i.e.,Go to step (3.1.3)；If Δ>0, then T period of traversal, adjustmentPeriod exert oneself toOther periods If Δ<0, then travel through T period, adjustmentPeriod exert oneself toOther when SectionThe above-mentioned adjustment process of repetition, until Δ=0 stops iteration, now exerts oneselfWherein k is iteration time Number.

(3.1.3) according to above-mentioned N_i,t, calculate its corresponding water level Z_i,t, letdown flow R_i,tDeng.

(3.2) if i ∈ II are power station i belongs to II class power station, the power station is obtained according to step (3.2.1)～(3.2.3) Power generation process：

(3.2.1) global assignment adjustment letdown flow：I is calculated to the accumulation of the scheduling end of term from schedule periods_i,tThe water yield of generation, As its total water consumption W_i, i.e.,

Ask for P_tEach period exerts oneself shared population proportion r_t, i.e.,

The initial letdown flow in power stationThe T period of traversal, it is determined thatWhether [R is met_i,t,min,R_i,t,max] Interval, if all meeting,Go to step (3.2.2)；If being unsatisfactory for, the out-of-limit water yield Δ W of accumulation is calculated_i, i.e.,

If Δ W_i>0, i.e., shaded area shown in accompanying drawing 1, then referring to the drawings heavy line adjustment in 1Will Period letdown flow increase according to its proportionI.e.Other periodsSo that total water Amount keeps balance, wherein

If Δ W_i<0, i.e., shaded area shown in accompanying drawing 2, then referring to the drawings heavy line adjustment in 2Will Period letdown flow reduce according to its proportionI.e.Other periodsSo that total water Amount keeps balance, wherein

The above-mentioned adjustment process of repetition, untilAll meet [R_i,t,min,R_i,t,max] interval stopping iteration, nowWherein k is iterationses.

(3.2.2) R is let out according under_i,tAcquisition does not consider the water level of restraint condition：According to water balance equation V_i,t+I_i,t· Δ t=V_i,t+1+R_i,tΔ t, conventionally calculation obtain the storage capacity V at t=1 to t=T+1 moment_i,tAnd it is corresponding Water level Z_i,t.From the t=1 moment, up time sequence is by determining constantly Z_i,tWhether restriction of water level [Z is met_i,t,min,Z_i,t,max], if Until t=T+1 without out-of-limit situation, then goes to step (3.2.5)；If Z ought be met for the first time_i,t>Z_i,t,maxAnd Z_i,t＞ Z_i,t+1, T is made then_start=1 and record period t_end=t, accumulation are calculated_i,t,maxUnnecessary water yield Δ W_i ⁺= V_i,tend-V_i,t,max, and go to step (3.2.3) and carry out letdown flow adjustment；If Z ought be met for the first time_i,t<Z_i,t,minAnd Z_i,t＜ Z_i,t+1, then make t_start=1 and record period t_end=t, accumulation are calculated now less than minimum storage capacity V_i,t,minLack water yield Δ W_i ^-=V_i,t,min-V_i,tend, and go to step (3.2.4) and carry out letdown flow adjustment.

(3.2.3) increase letdown flow according to unnecessary water yield local：Increase t=t according to principle is shared equally_startTo t=t_end-1 The letdown flow of period so that the waterdrainage amount of increase and above-mentioned unnecessary water yield Δ W_iEqual, this process must be considered under maximum simultaneously Vent flow and lowest water level constraint, other period letdown flows keep constant.Referring to the drawings shown in 3, wherein heavy line part Letdown flow and water level after as adjusting.

It is described as follows：

(3.2.3.1) travel through t=t_startTo t=t_end, when water level it is nearest and closer to t apart from lowest water level_endMoment t_zmin, i.e.,

Calculate_startTo t=t_zminThe maximum amount of water that -1 period can increase I.e.

Go to step (3.2.3.2).

(3.2.3.2) according to principle is shared equally, compareWithSize, determine t=t_startTo t= t_endThe water yield that -1 period should increaseIfThenGo to step (3.2.3.3)；IfThenGo to step (3.2.3.3)。

(3.2.3.3) consider period maximum letdown flow constraint, uniformly increase t=t_startTo t=t_endEarial drainage under -1 period Amount.Traversal t=t_startTo t=t_end- 1 period, record the maximum letdown flow Δ R that each period can increase_i,t,max= R_i,t,max-R_i,tAnd R_i,t<R_i,t,maxPeriod sum num⁺, and calculate the R after adjustment_i,t, i.e.,

Update the remaining water yield to be increasedI.e.

Iteration step (3.2.3.3), untilThen stop iteration, go to step (3.2.3.4).

(3.2.3.4) t=t is updated according to water balance_startTo t=t_endThe storage capacity V at moment_i,tAnd water level Z_i,t, according to Following formula update t_start, i.e.,

Update and calculate t=t_startTo t=t_end- 1 period unnecessary water yieldIf Δ W_i ⁺＞ 0 then turns To step (3.2.3.1)；If Δ W_i ⁺=0 goes to step (3.2.2).

(3.2.4) foundation lacks water yield local reduction letdown flow：T=t is reduced according to principle is shared equally_startTo t=t_end-1 The letdown flow of period so that the waterdrainage amount of reduction lacks water yield Δ W with above-mentioned_iEqual, this process must be considered under minimum simultaneously Vent flow and peak level constraint, other period letdown flows keep constant.Referring to the drawings shown in 4, wherein heavy line part Letdown flow and water level after as adjusting.

It is described as follows：

(3.2.4.1) travel through t=t_startTo t=t_end, when water level it is nearest and closer to t apart from peak level_endMoment t_zmax, i.e.,

Calculate_startTo t=t_zmaxThe maximum amount of water that -1 period can be reduced I.e.

Go to step (3.2.4.2).

(3.2.4.2) according to principle is shared equally, compareWithSize, determine t=t_startTo t= t_endThe water yield that -1 period should be reducedIfThenIfThen

Go to step (3.2.4.3).

(3.2.4.3) consider the constraint of period minimum discharging flow, uniformly reduce t=t_startTo t=t_endEarial drainage under -1 period Amount.Traversal t=t_startTo t=t_end- 1 period, record the maximum letdown flow Δ R that each period can reduce_i,t,max=R_i,t- R_i,t,minAnd R_i,t>R_i,t,minPeriod sum num^-, and calculate the R after adjustment_i,t, i.e.,

Update the residue water yield to be reducedI.e.

Iteration step (3.2.4.3), untilThen stop iteration, go to step (3.2.4.4).

(3.2.4.4) t=t is updated according to water balance_startTo t=t_endThe storage capacity V at moment_i,tAnd water level Z_i,t, according to Following formula update t_start, i.e.,

Update and calculate t=t_startTo t=t_end- 1 period lacked the water yieldIf Δ W_i ^-＞ 0 then turns To step (3.2.4.1)；If Δ W_i ^-=0 goes to step (3.2.2).

(3.2.5) according to the letdown flow R for obtaining_i,tWith water level Z_i,t, conventionally calculate acquisition and exert oneself N_i,tDeng.

(3.3) if i ∈ III are power station i belongs to III class power station, keep water level constant, in the case where each restraint condition is met from t The calculation of=1 to t=T period up times sequence is exerted oneself and letdown flow.

(4) update and calculate the total N that exerts oneself in I class power station_lead,t：Traversal t=1 to the t=T periods, determine that II, III class power station is total Sum of exerting oneselfIn formulaRepresent that power station i is not belonging to I class power station, then N_lead,t=P_t–N_down,t。

(5) output of power station of all I classes and water level, letdown flow etc. are regained：Exert oneself proportion according to day part Again day part output deviation is distributed to each I class power station.Start to perform following steps from t=1：(5.1) if t=T+1, Go to step (5.3)；Output deviation value to be allocated is calculated otherwiseIf Δ p_tIt is not equal to 0, then goes to step Suddenly (5.2)；If Δ p_tEqual to 0, then t=t+1 re-executes this step into subsequent period；

(5.2) calculating new period exerts oneself

Go to step (5.1).

(5.3) according to each the I class output of power station process for obtaining, from t=1 to t=T, the calculation of up time sequence is corresponded to therewith Water level, letdown flow.

(6) II class and III class output of power station and water level, letdown flow etc. are regained：A in order_iTravel through all II Class and III class power station, according to letting out under the power station of upstream, time lag and local inflow calculate power station warehouse-in I using conventional method_iIf, i ∈ II, then go to step (3.2)；If i ∈ III, step (3.3) is gone to.Step (7) is gone to after the completion of traversal.

(7) step gross capability is calculated after the completion of traveling throughWith given load P_tMaximum deviation

If Δ NP_max>δ, then go to step 4 and be iterated calculating until Δ NP_max≤δ。

Claims (8)

1. a kind of Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method, comprises the steps：

Step 1, selects step to participate in the power station of scheduling, is divided into three classes：I class, season adjust and its more than；II class, day are adjusted Section and not exclusively day are adjusted；III class, radial-flow type；

Step 2, arranges schedule periods, is divided into T period, arranges iterative calculation precision and the pact in each power station schedule periods Beam condition；

Step 3, travels through all power stations, and I class, II class and III class power station press following I classes, II class and III class power generation dispatching model respectively It is adjusted, determines that each power station is initially exerted oneself：

I class power generation dispatching model：By such power station generated energy according to electrical network given load trend proportional allocations to T period, So that generated energy reaches maximum and while reaches minimum with electrical network given load simultaneously；

II class power generation dispatching model：The T period of traversal, determine whether power station letdown flow meets the constraints of letdown flow, If being unsatisfactory for, letdown flow is adjusted, and ensures water balance total, until meeting the constraints of letdown flow；

By up time sequence by determining whether water level meets restriction of water level condition constantly, if being unsatisfactory for, office is carried out according to principle is shared equally Subordinate's vent flow is adjusted so which meets restriction of water level condition in letdown flow restriction range, and other period letdown flows are protected Hold constant；

Exerted oneself according to the letdown flow and water level that obtain；

III class power generation dispatching model：Exerted oneself and letdown flow by the calculation of up time sequence in the case where each constraints is met；

Step 4, updates and calculates that I class power station is total exerts oneself；

Step 5, distributes day part output deviation to each I class power station again according to day part proportion of exerting oneself；

Step 6, travels through all II classes and III class power station, and II class again according to step 3 and III class power generation dispatching model enter respectively Row adjustment, regains II class and III class output of power station and water level and letdown flow；

Step 7, calculates the maximum deviation of step gross capability and electrical network given load, if more than iterative calculation precision, going to step 4 Iterative calculation is until maximum deviation is less than or equal to iterative calculation precision；

Step is selected to participate in the power station n seats of scheduling, wherein n >=2；Using reverse traversal search method calculate power station from step upstream to The topological order numbering set A in downstream_i, wherein i=1,2 ... n；

Iterative calculation precision δ is set；Constraints in each power station schedule periods is set, wherein, restriction of water level：Z_i,_t,min≤ Z_i,t≤Z_i,t,max, Z_i,t,min, Z_i,t,maxRespectively minimum and peak level of the i power stations in the t periods；Units limits：N_i,t,min≤ N_i,t≤N_i,t,max, N_i,t,min, N_i,t,maxRespectively minimum and maximum of the i power stations in the t periods is exerted oneself；Letdown flow is constrained：R,_t,min ≤R_i,t≤R_i,t,max, R_i,t,min, R_i,t,maxRespectively minimum and maximum letdown flow of the i power stations in the t periods；Water balance side Journey：V_i,t+I_i,tΔ t=V_i,t+1+R_i,tΔ t, V_i,t, V_i,t+1Respectively i power stations the t periods first storage capacity and and last storage capacity, Δ t is the time interval of a period；

Arrange or read electrical network given load P_t；Each power station scheduling initial water level Z is set_i,0；Power station is obtained by hydrologic(al) prognosis Forecast reservoir inflow I in schedule periods_i,tOr interval is flowing In_i,t；

I class power generation dispatching model is set up using following step：

(3.1.1) obtain power station initially to exert oneselfE_iIt is expressed as what power station i water consumption conversions were obtained Generated energy；

(3.1.2) T period, record are traveled throughWhen hop count num1,When hop count num2 and out-of-limit total Amount Δ：

$\mathrm{\&Delta;}=\underset{N_{i,t}^0>N_{i,t,max}}{\&Sigma;}{N}_{i,t}^0-N_{i,t,max}+\underset{N_{i,t}^0>N_{i,t,\min }}{\&Sigma;}{N}_{i,t}^0-N_{i,t,min}$

If Δ=0, i.e.,Go to step (3.1.3)；

If Δ>0, then travel through T period, adjustmentPeriod exert oneself toIts Its period

If Δ<0, then travel through T period, adjustmentPeriod exert oneself toIts Its period

The above-mentioned adjustment process of repetition, until Δ=0 stops iteration, now exerts oneselfWherein k is iterationses；

(3.1.3) according to above-mentioned N_i,t, calculate its corresponding water level Z_i,tWith letdown flow R_i,t。

2. Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that II class power generation dispatching Model is set up using following step：

(3.2.1) I is calculated to the accumulation of the scheduling end of term from schedule periods_i,tThe water yield of generation, as its total water consumption W_i, i.e.,

$W_i=\underset{t=1}{\overset{t=T}{\&Sigma;}}{I}_{i,t}\&times;\mathrm{\&Delta;}t$

Ask for P_tEach period exerts oneself shared population proportion r_t, i.e.,

$r_t=P_t/\underset{t=1}{\overset{T}{\&Sigma;}}{P}_t$

The initial letdown flow in power station

The T period of traversal, it is determined thatWhether [R is met_i,t,min,R_i,t,max] interval, if all meeting,Go to down One step；If being unsatisfactory for, the out-of-limit water yield Δ W of accumulation is calculated_i, i.e.,

${\mathrm{\&Delta;W}}_i=(\underset{R_{i,t}^0>R_{i,t,\max }}{\&Sigma;}{R}_{i,t}^0-R_{i,t,max}+\underset{R_{i,t}^0<R_{i,t,\min }}{\&Sigma;}{R}_{i,t}^0-R_{i,t,min})\&times;\mathrm{\&Delta;}t$

If Δ W_i>0, willPeriod letdown flow increase according to its proportionI.e. Other periodsSo that total Water keeps balance, wherein

${\mathrm{\&Delta;R}}_{i,t}^0=\frac{{\mathrm{\&Delta;W}}_i\&times;r_t/\underset{R_{i,t}^0<R_{i,t,\max }}{\&Sigma;}{r}_t}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}t}$

If Δ W_i<0, willPeriod letdown flow reduce according to its proportionI.e. Other periodsSo that total Water keeps balance, wherein

${\mathrm{\&Delta;R}}_{i,t}^0=\frac{{\mathrm{\&Delta;W}}_i\&times;r_t/\underset{R_{i,t}^0>R_{i,t,\min }}{\&Sigma;}{r}_t}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}t}$

The above-mentioned adjustment process of repetition, untilAll meet [R_i,t,min,R_i,t,max] interval stopping iteration, nowIts Middle k is iterationses.

3. Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that step (3.2.1) is complete Carry out into after：

(3.2.2) according to water balance equation V_i,t+I_i,tΔ t=V_i,t+1+R_i,tΔ t, when calculation obtains t=1 to t=T+1 The storage capacity V at quarter_i,tAnd corresponding water level Z_i,t；

From the t=1 moment, up time sequence is by determining constantly Z_i,tWhether restriction of water level [Z is met_i,t,min,Z_i,t,max], if until t =T+1 directly calculates acquisition and exerts oneself N without out-of-limit situation, then_i,t；

If Z ought be met for the first time_i,t>Z_i,t,maxAnd Z_i,t＞ Z_i,t+1, then make t_start=1 and record period t_end=t, accumulation meter Calculate_i,t,maxUnnecessary water yield Δ W_i ⁺=V_i,tend-V_i,t,max, and letdown flow adjustment is carried out, according to many Remaining water local increases letdown flow；

If Z ought be met for the first time_i,t<Z_i,t,minAnd Z_i,t＜ Z_i,t+1, then make t_start=1 and record period t_end=t, accumulation meter Calculate now less than minimum storage capacity V_i,t,minLack water yield Δ W_i ^-=V_i,t,min-V_i,tend, and letdown flow adjustment is carried out, according to scarce Reduce letdown flow in few water yield local.

4. Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that (3.2.3) step (3.2.2) it is described to increase letdown flow according to unnecessary water yield local：

(3.2.3.1) travel through t=t_startTo t=t_end, when water level it is nearest and closer to t apart from lowest water level_endMoment t_zmin, I.e.

$t_{zmin}=max\left\{t\right|\underset{t_{start}\&le;t\&le;t_{end}}{min}\{Z_{i,t}-Z_{i,t,min}\}\}$

Calculate_startTo t=t_zminThe maximum amount of water that -1 period can increaseI.e.

${\mathrm{\&Delta;W}}_{i,max}^{+}=V_{i,t_{z\min }}-V_{i,t_{zmin},min}$

(3.2.3.2) according to principle is shared equally, compareWithSize, determine t=t_startTo t=t_end-1 The water yield that period should increase

IfThenIfThen

(3.2.3.3) consider period maximum letdown flow constraint, uniformly increase t=t_startTo t=t_end- 1 period letdown flow； Traversal t=t_startTo t=t_end- 1 period, record the maximum letdown flow Δ R that each period can increase_i,t,max=R_i,t,max- R_i,tAnd R_i,t<R_i,t,maxPeriod sum num⁺, and calculate the R after adjustment_i,t, i.e.,

$R_{i,t}=min\{R_{i,t}+\frac{{\mathrm{\&Delta;W}}_{i,real}^{+}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}t\&times;{\mathrm{num}}^{+}},R_{i,t,max}\}$

Update the remaining water yield to be increasedI.e.

${\mathrm{\&Delta;W}}_{i,real}^{+}=\underset{R_{i,t}=R_{i,t,\max }}{\&Sigma;}(\frac{{\mathrm{\&Delta;W}}_{i,real}^{+}}{{\mathrm{num}}^{+}}-{\mathrm{\&Delta;R}}_{i,t,\max }\&times;\mathrm{\&Delta;}t)$

Iteration, untilThen stop iteration；

(3.2.3.4) t=t is updated according to water balance_startTo t=t_endThe storage capacity V at moment_i,tAnd water level Z_i,t, according to following Formula updates t_start, i.e.,

$t_{start}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}1,Z_{i,t_{zmin}}>Z_{i,t,min}\\ t_{zmin},Z_{i,t_{zmin}}=Z_{i,t,min}\end{array}\right.$

Update and calculate t=t_startTo t=t_end- 1 period unnecessary water yield Δ W_i ⁺=V_i,tend-V_i,t,maxIf, Δ W_i ⁺＞ 0 then goes to step Suddenly (3.2.3.1)；If Δ W_i ⁺=0 goes to step (3.2.2)；

(3.2.4) step (3.2.2) foundation lacks water yield local reduction letdown flow：

(3.2.4.1) travel through t=t_startTo t=t_end, when water level it is nearest and closer to t apart from peak level_endMoment t_zmax, I.e.

$t_{zmax}=max\left\{t\right|\underset{t_{start}\&le;t\&le;t_{end}}{min}\{Z_{i,t,max}-Z_{i,t}\}\}$

Calculate_startTo t=t_zmaxThe maximum amount of water that -1 period can be reducedI.e.

${\mathrm{\&Delta;W}}_{i,max}^{-}=V_{i,t_{z\max },max}-V_{i,t_{z\max }}$

(3.2.4.2) according to principle is shared equally, compareWithSize, determine t=t_startTo t=t_end-1 The water yield that period should be reduced

IfThenIfThen

(3.2.4.3) consider the constraint of period minimum discharging flow, uniformly reduce t=t_startTo t=t_end- 1 period letdown flow； Traversal t=t_startTo t=t_end- 1 period, record the maximum letdown flow Δ R that each period can reduce_i,t,max=R_i,t- R_i,t,minAnd R_i,t>R_i,t,minPeriod sum num^-, and calculate the R after adjustment_i,t, i.e.,

$R_{i,t}=max\{R_{i,t}-\frac{{\mathrm{\&Delta;W}}_{i,real}^{-}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}t\&times;{\mathrm{num}}^{-}},R_{i,t,min}\}$

Update the residue water yield to be reducedI.e.

${\mathrm{\&Delta;W}}_{i,real}^{-}=\underset{R_{i,t}=R_{i,t,\min }}{\&Sigma;}(\frac{{\mathrm{\&Delta;W}}_{i,real}^{-}}{{\mathrm{num}}^{-}}-{\mathrm{\&Delta;R}}_{i,t,\max }\&times;\mathrm{\&Delta;}t)$

Iteration, untilThen stop iteration；

(3.2.4.4) t=t is updated according to water balance_startTo t=t_endThe storage capacity V at moment_i,tAnd water level Z_i,t, according to following Formula updates t_start, i.e.,

$t_{start}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}1,Z_{i,t_{zmax}}<Z_{i,t,max}\\ t_{zmax},Z_{i,t_{z\max }}=Z_{i,t,max}\end{array}\right.$

Update and calculate t=t_startTo t=t_end- 1 period lacked water yield Δ W_i ^-=V_i,t,min-V_i,tendIf, Δ W_i ^-＞ 0 then goes to step Suddenly (3.2.4.1)；If Δ W_i ^-=0 goes to step (3.2.2).

5. Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that step 4 updates and calculates The total N that exerts oneself in I class power station_lead,t：Traversal t=1 to the t=T periods, determine the total sum of exerting oneself in II, III class power stationIn formulaRepresent that power station i is not belonging to I class power station, then N_lead,t=P_t–N_down,t。

6. Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that step 5 according to it is each when Section proportion of exerting oneself distributes day part output deviation to each I class power station again, starts to perform following steps from t=1：

(5.1) if t=T+1, go to step (5.3)；Output deviation value to be allocated is calculated otherwiseIf Δp_tIt is not equal to 0, then goes to step (5.2)；If Δ p_tEqual to 0, then t=t+1 re-executes this step into subsequent period；

(5.2) calculating new period exerts oneself

$N_{i,t}=\left\{\begin{array}{c}min\{N_{i,t}+\mathrm{\&Delta;}{p}_t\&times;\frac{N_{i,t}}{{\mathrm{\&Sigma;N}}_{i,t}},N_{i,t,max}\},\mathrm{\&Delta;}{p}_t>0,i\&Element;I\\ max\{N_{i,t}+\mathrm{\&Delta;}{p}_t\&times;\frac{N_{i,t}}{{\mathrm{\&Sigma;N}}_{i,t}},N_{i,t,min}\},\mathrm{\&Delta;}{p}_t<0,i\&Element;I\end{array}\right.$

Go to step (5.1)；

(5.3) according to obtain each I class output of power station, from t=1 to t=T up time sequence calculation obtain corresponding water level, Letdown flow.

7. Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step 6：According to suitable Sequence A_iTravel through all II classes and III class power station, according to letting out under the power station of upstream, time lag and local inflow calculate power station warehouse-in I_i, point II class and III class power generation dispatching model for not carrying out step 3 again is adjusted, regain II class and III class output of power station with And water level, letdown flow.

8. Hydropower Stations Short-term Optimal Operation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that step 7 calculates step Gross capabilityWith given load P_tMaximum deviation

${\mathrm{\&Delta;NP}}_{max}=\underset{1\&le;t\&le;T}{max}\left\{\right|N_t-P_t\left|\right\}$

If Δ NP_max>δ, then go to step 4 and be iterated calculating until Δ NP_max≤δ。