CN104238591A - Control on electric consumer through temperature module - Google Patents

Control on electric consumer through temperature module Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104238591A
CN104238591A CN201410267366.5A CN201410267366A CN104238591A CN 104238591 A CN104238591 A CN 104238591A CN 201410267366 A CN201410267366 A CN 201410267366A CN 104238591 A CN104238591 A CN 104238591A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
power
electrical appliance
value
temperature
internal temperature
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201410267366.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
A·格罗斯曼
R·施魏因富特
M·克劳斯
M·许斯格斯
A·埃瓦尔德
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of CN104238591A publication Critical patent/CN104238591A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/02Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
    • H02P29/032Preventing damage to the motor, e.g. setting individual current limits for different drive conditions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/60Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method of operating an electric consumer (14) in a vehicle. The method comprises the steps of determining (110) an ambient temperature in the vicinity of the electric consumer (14) and determining (120) a target value for an electric power of the electric consumer (14). The method is characterized by determining (140) a current internal temperature of the electric consumer at least according to the ambient temperature and setting (190) an adjustment value of the electric power based on the current internal temperature.

Description

By the control of temperature model to electrical appliance
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control to the electrical appliance in vehicle.The invention particularly relates to a kind of method for the electrical appliance in operational vehicle, a kind of control device of vehicle and a kind of Vehicular system.
Background technology
In internal combustion engine in the engine in modern times, especially vehicle, motor is often used to regulate the mechanical control element determined.Described motor such as can be set directly on assembly to be operated or such as and be connected with assembly to be operated by bar or gearing.This combination by driver element and corresponding speed change or actuated element is often called actuator (Aktuator).Air throttle in internal combustion engine such as can be connected with motor by gearing.By control electron device or described motor can be controlled by opertaing device, so that the desired position realizing air throttle changes.
Such electric actuator may be used for multiple other field---in such as turbine wastegate regulator or on the regulating element of discarded recirculator.Due to the use of described actuator on the vitals of such as internal combustion engine, high requirement is proposed to reliability, but also require low manufacturing cost and maintenance cost simultaneously.The frequent Structure of need size of high request possibility of these part contradictions and the compromise of possible use scenes aspect.
If the internal temperature over-limit condition of motor, then may be damaged.Therefore, often service meter like this, makes can derive the heat of generation by thermal coupling when the maximum-continuous rating (MCR) of motor and therefore make the internal temperature of motor remain in not critical scope.Certainly, by being restricted to the power of maximum possible maximum-continuous rating (MCR) not using motor.
EP 1 188 640 B1 describes for the equipment distributing to the actuator of regulating system in controller motor-car electronically and method.
Summary of the invention
In addition, the reduction of the cost of alleviating of weight and electric actuator can be realized by embodiments of the present invention.
One aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of method for the electrical appliance in operational vehicle, said method comprising the steps of: determine ambient temperature in the surrounding environment of electrical appliance and determine the expectation value of electric power of electrical appliance.The feature of described method is, in addition at least by ambient temperature ask for electrical appliance current inside temperature and based on the regulated value of described current inside temperature determination electric power.
In addition, electrical appliance---such as motor is operationally because different effects produces heat.According to external agency---the hot tie-in of the internal combustion engine cylinders of such as metal, described thermal conductance is applied the rising of internal temperature of electrical equipment.If produce more hotter than the heat that can be derived by thermal coupling, then occur that the temperature continued raises in electrical appliance inside.At this, the heat produced increases with the increase of the power of electrical appliance.By the characteristic of electrical appliance, stored or a certain amount of heat of buffer memory by its thermal capacity, temperature therefore can be made just to raise after a time delay.
By using the current inside temperature of electrical appliance as the reference quantity of the regulated value for determining power, such as, can utilize the time migration between the current adjustment value of power and the heating of electrical appliance obtained thus.Therefore, the regulating power effectively when exceeding actual or current internal temperature by mating electrical appliance overheating protection and/or overload protection can be realized.
At this, electrical appliance can be such as drive motor---especially motor, ohm electrical appliance---such as well heater etc.
Ambient temperature can be understood as the temperature occurred in the indirectly or directly surrounding environment of electrical appliance.This can be such as the diverse location in nacelle.Therefore, in the category of engine control and supervision often test example as the value of the value of oil temperature, the value of intake air temperature or cooling water temperature.But described ambient temperature also can relate to directly in the housing of electrical appliance---the temperature in the direct surrounding environment of such as active electrical machine element.
Expectation value for electric power can be understood as the power such as determined by processing unit or microcontroller when not considering internal temperature.Such as can suppose that described expectation value is the value between power that the maximum technology of zero-sum motor when maximum accessible torque is possible.
The current inside temperature of electrical appliance can be understood as the temperature occurred in the inside of electrical appliance.This can be such as the temperature of the temperature of armature winding or the stator of motor.In other words, internal temperature can describe the key component of electrical appliance for the important relevant temperature of overload protection.Internal temperature also can by external action---such as affects by the external heat source from nacelle.
The regulated value of electric power can be understood as the performance number of the real power corresponding to electrical appliance.Described regulated value can be different from the expectation value previously determined.Described regulated value also can represent the controlling value of the power in final stage, and described final stage is then provided for the electric power of electrical appliance in it.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the determination of regulated value is based on the characteristic curve be stored in control device.Described characteristic curve comprises a large amount of internal temperature values, and described internal temperature values has the power maximal value of distributing respectively.Power maximal value can be reduced when internal temperature raises.
The possibility that a large amount of different internal temperatures distribute to specific power maximal value can be considered as the advantage of characteristic curve.This can allow the regulated value of power according to the accurate and detailed impact of internal temperature.
The heat that can realize being decreased through when internal temperature raises electrical appliance by falling lower powered regulated value when internal temperature raises produces and therefore reduces or postpone additional heating.Effective overheating protection can be realized thus.
Meanwhile, this can allow higher load, namely higher power adjustment value in the temperature range of below.Compare the lasting power applied, this at least temporarily can increase the possible maximum power of electrical appliance.
Control device can be understood as when considering different outside input variable, produce parts or the assembly of the control signal of the power for regulating electrical appliance when measuring parameter and adjustment.This can be such as microcontroller, and wherein temperature/maximal value characteristic curve can be stored in the storer of microcontroller.Such as control signal or controling parameter can be sent to final stage, described final stage is provided for the power electronic device of electricity operation needed for electrical appliance.
The power of electrical appliance can be understood as power maximal value, does not allow the value exceeding described power maximal value, to prevent the overheated of electrical appliance.At this, maximal value can be asked for by different modes, such as, by asking for of measurement data or the asking for based on calculating of test series.By the storage of characteristic curve in control device, can be changed by simple mode or upgrade described value.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, have in the first interval of low internal temperature at characteristic curve, power maximal value is greater than the continuous power of electrical appliance.Have in the second interval of higher internal temperature at characteristic curve, power maximal value is less than the continuous power of electrical appliance.
At this, continuous power can be understood as the following power of electrical appliance: on the longer time period, can derive produced heat by thermal coupling when described power, thus the internal temperature of electrical appliance is no more than the ultimate value determined.In other words, overload or overheated danger is not produced when electrical appliance runs under continuous power.
The advantage of power higher in the temperature range of below may be the more high capacity of temporary transient, the restriction of electrical appliance.This more high power that electrical appliance can be allowed to be used in short-term, its continuous power has lower performance number.Such as, in the temperature range of below, motor can temporarily export higher torque and therefore export the power higher than illustrated continuous power.
The advantage of power lower than continuous power in the interval of higher internal temperature may be the overheated better protection to electrical appliance.Such as, electrical appliance additionally may be heated by the thermal source of outside, may need thus additionally to derive heat by thermal coupling.Be reduced to below continuous power by electric power regulated value, produce the heat more less than the heat that can be derived by thermal coupling by electrical appliance in one example.This can allow the heat of adding derive from electrical appliance and therefore can obviously reduce overheated danger.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, determine that electric power regulated value also has following steps: ask for by characteristic curve the power maximal value of distributing to current inside temperature value and compare electric power expectation value and power maximal value.
By previously asked for or the comparing of the power expectation value determined and power maximal value, such as can determine and prevent from exceeding maximal value.Described comparative example as realized in the microcontroller of opertaing device.Such as can carry out asking for of maximal value by the reading of the reference access of the storer to microcontroller or control device and affiliated electric power maximal value.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, carry out the determination of regulated value in the following manner: power adjustment value is less than or equal to electric power maximal value during current inside temperature.This can prevent the overheated of electrical appliance or overload.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, by with electrical appliance spatially isolated sensor ask for ambient temperature.
Advantage can be, can consider that the temperature sensor existed is to ask for the internal temperature of electrical appliance.At this, the thermal coupling of different assembly can be made full use of in the surrounding environment of electrical appliance.Different assembly (as the air throttle on engine cylinder-body in nacelle, valve, pump) is connected to each other by heat conducting element, such as screws.Also the Heat transmission by air is considered, such as, in nacelle.
In one embodiment of the invention, the step asking for internal temperature also comprises the current power asking for electrical appliance, wherein the current power asked for based on electrical appliance of internal temperature.
Advantage can be, current power can be considered as internal temperature important factor in order and in this way current power being covered the asking for of described value.Current power such as can be asked for by the electric power regulated value determined in control device.
In one embodiment of the invention, internal temperature is calculated by predefined model.Described model should reflect the different correlativitys and relation that affect parameter and measured value in internal temperature and therefore, it is possible to the calculating realizing internal temperature is derived.Described model can realize high arithmetic complexity and such as be embodied as the software in microcontroller.
In one embodiment of the invention, electrical appliance is motor.According to its size, power and cost, described motor especially can be used in actuator.At this, the concept of motor also can comprise all equipment producing motion by electric energy or electromagnetic energy.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to a kind of control device of vehicle, is in fact applied to the step implementing method described above.
Control device can be understood as the opertaing device of the control different vehicle assembly of motor vehicle.Except function described above, described control device can control other vehicle assemblies multiple.Such as, instrument, different adjustment equipment, information system for driver or security system belong to this.
Another aspect of the present invention relates to and a kind ofly comprises the Vehicular system of control device as described above and a kind of electrical appliance.
The feature being appreciated that as method above and described below also can be the feature of control device or Vehicular system, and vice versa.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.Instructions and accompanying drawing do not limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 illustrates the rough schematic view of the Vehicular system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates the diagram of the power/temperature profile curve of the control device according to one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates the process flow diagram for running electrical appliance according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing is only schematic and is not strictly pro rata.In principle, identical or similar part is provided with identical reference marker.
Embodiment
The significant components of Vehicular system 10 is shown in FIG in simplified form.At this, opertaing device 12 is for controlling the motor 14 as a part for actuator 16.Such as, this can be the air throttle actuator had in the motor vehicle of internal combustion engine, and wherein motor 14 affects the rotation of air throttle by mechanical drive.By final stage 18---such as H electrical bridge controls motor 14.Scale like this and design described final stage, makes it can provide peak power that is maximum, that occur in whole temperature range to motor 14.In one example, final stage 18 also can be designed for temporary transient overlond running.
Final stage 18 can be integrated assembly, but also specifically can be constructed by the electronic unit be separated for very high power.In order to increasing power, such as can be in parallel or otherwise combine multiple integrated final stage 18.This can reduce space requirement and the cost of final stage 18.
The microcontroller 22 be arranged in opertaing device 12 comprises storer 26, and described storer is for storing temperature/maximal value characteristic curve 170,200 (see Fig. 2 and 3) and/or for storing the computation model 150 (see Fig. 3) for current inside temperature.In one example, microcontroller 22 can be the motor vehicle opertaing device of central authorities or a part for motor vehicle computing machine.
In addition, opertaing device 12 comprises the first temperature sensor 28, and described first temperature sensor provides the first temperature information 30 to microcontroller 22.Described temperature information can be such as ambient temperature.Described first temperature sensor 28 is arranged in opertaing device 12, in the scope of such as final stage 18, to consider the state of temperature of final stage 18 when calculating current inside temperature.Second temperature sensor 32 is arranged on opertaing device 12 outside and actuator 16 outside.Described second temperature sensor transmits the second temperature information 34 to microcontroller 22.Such as, this can be the temperature sensor for oil temperature or intake air temperature existed.Be appreciated that the single temperature sensor 28,32 substituted shown in this also can exist multiple inside respectively with temperature sensor 28,32 that is outside, its temperature information can by the current inside temperature of microcontroller 22 for calculating motor 14.In one example, temperature sensor 28,32 arranges very close to motor 14.Such as, the spacing between temperature sensor 28,32 and motor 14 is 5 to 40 centimetres.
Such as can so implement microcontroller 22, make it determine power expectation value and when use the computation model that is stored in storer 26 and when using provided by temperature sensor 28,32 temperature information 30,34 by the current inside temperature of the current power calculating motor 14 of motor 14.Microcontroller 22 is read the power maximal value of the internal temperature belonging to calculated from storer 26 by temperature/maximal value characteristic curve 200 (see Fig. 2), described power maximal value compared to the expectation value previously determined and produce the corresponding control signal 24 being used for controlling final stage 18.Final stage 18 is then with electric power regulated value service meter 14.
Fig. 2 illustrates temperature/maximum power features curve 200, and it illustrates peak power 210 according to current inside temperature 220.At this, the discrete value belonging to of peak power 210 is distributed to a discrete current inside temperature value 220 by function curve 230 respectively.Raise along with the increase of the distance with true origin 240 in the value of the current inside temperature 220 of temperature plot on X axis.Equally, increase along with the increase of the spacing with true origin 240 in the value of the peak power 210 of power plot on X axis.
In addition, the curve with continuous power 250 often used so far shown in characteristic curve 200.Described continuous power 250 is constant in whole temperature variation.In one example, when maximum run electrical appliance 14 with continuous power 250, the heat produced by the operation of electrical appliance 14 and final stage 18 is derived by thermal coupling, thus can avoid the overheated of electrical appliance 14 and final stage 18.In other words, the reliability service of electrical appliance 14 and final stage 18 can be realized until described continuous power 250.
Relative to continuous power 250, the curve of peak power 230 extends with declining.This means, with the Power operation electrical appliance 14 higher than continuous power in the internal temperature interval 270 of below.If the heat produced in electrical appliance 14 due to the power increased increases, then after a time delay because the current inside temperature 220 of the hot storage characteristics electrical appliance of electrical appliance 14 also rises.Therefore, obtained the less peak power 210 of electrical appliance 14 by the dropping characteristic of curve 230, again produce less heat thus.This can postpone or prevent the further rising of the current inside temperature of electrical appliance 14 and therefore prevent from damaging.Normal internal temperature within the scope of internal combustion engine of motor vehicle or running temperature such as can in the scopes of about 140 DEG C.
In this advantage can be, can in short-term with the Power operation electrical appliance 14 higher than continuous power 250 on a time period limited.At this, higher torque or power can be used in short-term.
When internal temperature 260, the peak power of curve 230 is corresponding to continuous power 250.Its in as the motor 14 of electrical appliance such as 200 DEG C can be about near the internal combustion engine of motor vehicle.
If current inside temperature 220 continues to rise in temperature range up 280, then the peak power 210 of electrical appliance 14 drops to below the value of continuous power 250.This may mean, compared with producing, is derived the more heat of electrical appliance by thermal coupling with the operation by electrical appliance 14.This may be such as significant in following situation: by outside, strong thermal source additionally heating electric device 14 or final stage 18.At this, still all heat can be derived by thermal coupling.This can realize the overheated available protecting to electrical appliance 14.
In one example, also can the generation of measure for fulfill curve 230 in the following manner: definition and/or the discrete internal temperature 220 of area definition quantity and the power maximal value 210 of corresponding distribution and by the therebetween interval of interpolation computing function curve 230 in the microcontroller in control device 12.In the application of vehicle technology, the quantity of the maximal value (also referred to as the strong point) defined such as can be between 5 and 10.
Method 100 for running electrical appliance shown in Figure 3, described method such as can be implemented by control device 12 or microcontroller 22.
In step 110, first ambient temperature is determined.This is such as undertaken by adjacent sensor 28,32 in the direct surrounding environment of electrical appliance 14.At this, also can use for the temperature information of the sensor 28,32 of other objects.
In the step 120, the expectation value of the electric power of electrical appliance 14 is determined.Described expectation value can be generated by control device 12 or microcontroller 22, to make regulating element move by the motor 14 as electrical appliance with the intensity determined.
In addition, the current power of electrical appliance 14 is asked in step 130.Described power such as by the direct information from microcontroller 22 or can be obtained by independent measuring equipment.
In step 140, described information can with ambient temperature and may other input parameter in combination for asking for current inside temperature.The computation model 150 being used for internal temperature by application carries out described calculating, and described computation model such as can reflect with software in microcontroller 22.
In step 160 subsequently, ask for electric power maximal value.Described maximal value such as can represent the performance number not allowing to be exceeded, to prevent overheated or to damage.In example shown in this, maximal value is obtained by temperature/maximum power features curve 170, and described characteristic curve gets out the peak power belonging to predefined for the value of the determination of current inside temperature.Described temperature/maximum power features curve 170 can be such as the temperature/maximum power features curve 200 in Fig. 2.
In step 180, the electric power expectation value asked in the step 120 and the electric power maximal value read by characteristic curve 170 are in a step 160 compared.Described comparison may be used for determining that expectation value exceedes power maximal value.When determining power adjustment value in step 190 subsequently, so selecting regulated value when expectation value is less than or equal to power maximal value, making described regulated value corresponding to expectation value.If described expectation value exceedes maximal value, then so determine described regulated value, make described regulated value corresponding to power maximal value.In other words, be restricted to maximum for regulated value in power maximal value.Then, power output stage 18 or electrical appliance 14 can directly be controlled by the regulated value determined in step 190.
Addedly point out, do not get rid of " comprising " other element or step, and " one " does not get rid of majority.In addition point out, also can combine other features of other embodiments described above or step and use feature with reference to describing one of in above embodiment or step.Reference marker in claims is not considered as limiting.

Claims (11)

1. the method (100) for the electrical appliance (14) in operational vehicle, described method (100) comprises the following steps:
Determine the ambient temperature in the surrounding environment of (110) described electrical appliance (14);
Determine (120) expectation value for the electric power of described electrical appliance (14);
It is characterized in that:
The current inside temperature of (140) described electrical appliance is at least asked for by described ambient temperature;
The regulated value of (190) described electric power is determined based on described current inside temperature.
2. method according to claim 1 (100),
Wherein, the determination (190) of described regulated value is based on the characteristic curve be stored in control device (12) (170,200);
Wherein, described characteristic curve (170,200) is based on multiple internal temperature values with the power maximal value of distributing respectively;
Wherein, when internal temperature values rises, described power maximal value reduces.
3. method according to claim 2 (100),
Wherein, have in the first interval of low internal temperature at described characteristic curve (170,200), described power maximal value is greater than the continuous power of described electrical appliance (14);
Wherein, have in the second interval of higher internal temperature at described characteristic curve (170,200), described power maximal value is less than the continuous power of described electrical appliance (14).
4. the method (100) according to any one of Claims 2 or 3, wherein, the determination (190) of described regulated value also has following steps:
The power maximal value that (160) distribute to described current inside temperature value is asked for by described characteristic curve (170,200);
Compare the expectation value of (180) described electric power and described power maximal value.
5. method according to claim 4 (100), wherein, carries out the determination (190) of described regulated value: the regulated value of described power is less than or equal to the electric power maximal value when described current inside temperature in the following manner.
6. the method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, by with described electrical appliance (14) spatially isolated sensor (28,32) ask for described ambient temperature.
7. the method according to any one of the preceding claims, the step wherein, asking for (140) described internal temperature also has:
Ask for the current power of (130) described electrical appliance (14);
Wherein, described internal temperature ask for (140) current power based on described electrical appliance (14).
8. the method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, carries out the calculating (140) of described internal temperature by predefined model (150).
9. the method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, described electrical appliance (14) is motor.
10. the control device for vehicle (12), is applied to the step implementing method according to any one of claim 1 to 9 in fact.
11. 1 kinds of Vehicular systems (10), it comprises:
Control device according to claim 9 (12) and electrical appliance (14).
CN201410267366.5A 2013-06-19 2014-06-16 Control on electric consumer through temperature module Pending CN104238591A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310211507 DE102013211507A1 (en) 2013-06-19 2013-06-19 Control of an electrical consumer via a temperature model
DE102013211507.5 2013-06-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN104238591A true CN104238591A (en) 2014-12-24

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DE (1) DE102013211507A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3007595A1 (en)

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CN112861254A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 联合汽车电子有限公司 Method for detecting oil temperature of electric drive axle gearbox, and method and system for controlling motor

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CN112861254A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 联合汽车电子有限公司 Method for detecting oil temperature of electric drive axle gearbox, and method and system for controlling motor

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FR3007595A1 (en) 2014-12-26

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