CN104237999B - Broadband terahertz wave polarization-maintaining transmission optical fiber - Google Patents
Broadband terahertz wave polarization-maintaining transmission optical fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN104237999B CN104237999B CN201410320189.2A CN201410320189A CN104237999B CN 104237999 B CN104237999 B CN 104237999B CN 201410320189 A CN201410320189 A CN 201410320189A CN 104237999 B CN104237999 B CN 104237999B
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 Polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003283 Pachira macrocarpa Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 241001083492 Trapa Species 0.000 claims 2
- 235000014364 Trapa natans Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000009165 saligot Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 2
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
According to the broadband terahertz wave polarization-preserving transmission optical fiber, the elliptical air holes or the rhombic air holes are added into the optical fiber cladding, so that mode field distributions of two modes of TE and TM are different in a wide frequency spectrum range, different effective conversion rates are achieved, high birefringence is generated, meanwhile, two rows of circular air holes are introduced into the center of the optical fiber to change the symmetry of the structure, and the broadband terahertz wave polarization-preserving transmission optical fiber is providedThe birefringence of the high optical fiber is adjusted, the dispersion of the optical fiber is adjusted, so that the low-dispersion polarization-maintaining terahertz photonic crystal fiber with a broadband is realized, and the birefringence value of the photonic crystal fiber can reach 10‑3Even 10, respectively‑2Compared with the traditional polarization maintaining fiber, the polarization maintaining fiber is at least one order of magnitude higher, has very low dispersion in a very wide spectrum range and has a flat dispersion curve, and is very important for the distortion-free transmission of broadband terahertz pulses. In addition, the structure of the optical fiber can be changed by adjusting the parameters of the air holes on the cross section of the photonic crystal optical fiber, so that the dispersion can be adjusted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optics Terahertz transmission technologys, and in particular to a kind of to make in THz wave transmission and communication system
The optical fiber preferentially used for light transmission path.
Background technology
THz wave is located in (electromagnetic spectrum) electromagnetic spectrum between microwave and far infrared wave, the molecule rotation of many objects
With vibration level all in Terahertz spectral range, therefore tera-hertz spectra can be as the important of material characterization and fingerprint identification
Means.In addition, THz wave has moderate beam angle, wide spectral bandwidth and big Doppler frequency shift, therefore in broadband
There is important application value in terms of wireless communication, space communication and Precise imaging, it will be as next-generation high-speed radiocommunication
Important means.It is epochmaking that the advantages of THz wave high-resolution imaging and high-penetration, so that it has in radar, safety check etc.
Application value.Due to THz wave decay in humid air it is very big, and common waveguide can not realize it is lossless to THz wave
With distortionless transmission, therefore, low-loss, low dispersion use Terahertz flexible and convenient and with certain power capacity
The research of transmission waveguide, technology and correlation function device becomes the active demand of Terahertz science and technology and its application development.
The transmission process of THz wave in the waveguide has been carried out largely attempting Journal of Sex Research, the gold formed such as metal material
Belong to line waveguide, metal tube waveguide and the sapphire fiber being made of dielectric material, plastic optical fiber and photonic crystal fiber and Asia
Wavelength porous optical fiber etc..Metal waveguide transmits THz wave in the air except metal, therefore poor to the limitation capability of mould field,
And bending loss is higher.THz wave is limited in dielectric material by Medium Wave Guide, and transmission loss is higher.Terahertz photonic crystal
Airport with wavelength dimension is carried out periodic arrangement by optical fiber, realizes the transmission to THz wave.According to photonic crystal light
The difference of fine structure, terahertz light photonic crystal fiber can be divided into two kinds；One kind is that fiber optic hub is high refractive index medium material,
The photonic crystal fiber broader bandwidth of this structure, loss are relatively large；Second fiber optic hub is air pore structure, this light
Photonic crystal fiber transmits THz wave using photonic band gap effect, and loss is relatively low, but can only realize narrow band terahertz band
Wave transmits.However, polarization-maintaining, low dispersion and the low-loss of Terahertz polarization maintaining optical fibres all at present can only be in a certain specific waves
It is realized in long or very narrow spectral region, therefore can not realize lossless to broadband terahertz pulse and distortionless transmission.
Photonic crystal fiber can provide very high mode birefringence by special structure design, so as to fulfill polarization-maintaining,
The even optical fiber of monomode single-polarization.The mode birefringence that photonic crystal fiber provides can generally achieve 10-3The order of magnitude is even more
It is high.In terahertz time-domain spectrum systems and terahertz imaging system, Terahertz receiver usually has Polarization-Sensitive characteristic,
Therefore Hz optical fiber and waveguide device with broadband polarization-maintaining how to be realized, for realizing the terahertz time-domain frequency of integrability
Spectrum and imaging system are of crucial importance.
Invention content
To solve the problems, such as can not being transmitted in polarization maintaining optical fibre for background technology middle width strip terahertz pulse, the present invention provides
A kind of oval airport photonic crystal fiber based on hexagonal lattice is to realize broadband THz wave polarization-maintaining.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
Broadband THz wave polarization-maintaining Transmission Fibers, including fibre core and covering, are characterized in that：Along light in the covering
Fine length direction is provided with multiple oval airports, and the multiple ellipse airport is each ellipse along its long axis direction arrangement in a row
The long axis of circle airport is 160 μm, and short axle is 80 μm, and the spacing of oval airport along long axis direction is 200 μm, adjacent rows
The smallest triangle that the line of centres of three oval airports is formed is equilateral triangle, the center of outermost ellipse airport
Line is in regular hexagon, often the oval airport both ends of row be inwardly indented after the oval airport of identical quantity formed it is outermost
The line of centres of the oval airport of side is in still regular hexagon, and the center of the regular hexagon is overlapped with the center of fibre core；
There are two oval airport vacancies, the both sides up and down of vacant locations at regular hexagon center to be provided with two air-discharging circular holes,
The two air-dischargings circular hole is located in innermost regular hexagon, and the radius of the air circular hole is 20 μm, positioned at the sky of colleague
The spacing of gas circular hole is 80 μm, and the spacing of two row air circular holes is 190 μm, and the region between the two rows air circular hole is optical fiber
Fibre core, the radius of the optical fiber is 1450 μm.
The material of above-mentioned optical fiber is polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
Broadband THz wave polarization-maintaining Transmission Fibers, including fibre core and covering, are characterized in that：Along light in the covering
Fine length direction is provided with multiple diamond shaped air holes, and the multiple diamond shaped air hole is along its long axis direction arrangement in a row, Mei Geling
The long axis of shape airport is 160 μm, and short axle is 80 μm, and the spacing of diamond shaped air hole along long axis direction is 200 μm, adjacent rows
The smallest triangle that the line of centres in three diamond shaped air holes is formed be equilateral triangle, the center in outermost diamond shaped air hole
Line is in regular hexagon, often row diamond shaped air hole both ends be inwardly indented behind the diamond shaped air hole of identical quantity formed it is outermost
The line of centres in the diamond shaped air hole of side is in still regular hexagon, and the center of the regular hexagon is overlapped with the center of fibre core；
There are two diamond shaped air hole vacancies, the both sides up and down of vacant locations at regular hexagon center to be provided with two air-discharging circular holes,
The two air-dischargings circular hole is located in innermost regular hexagon, and the radius of the air circular hole is 20 μm, positioned at the sky of colleague
The spacing of gas circular hole is 80 μm, and the spacing of two row air circular holes is 190 μm, and the region between the two rows air circular hole is optical fiber
Fibre core, the radius of the optical fiber is 1450 μm.
The material of above-mentioned optical fiber is polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
Compared with prior art, the present invention advantage is：
1st, THz wave polarization-maintaining Transmission Fibers in broadband of the present invention, optical fiber packet is added to by oval airport or diamond shaped air hole
In layer so that the mode distributions of TE and TM two-modes are different in very wide spectral range, so as to different effective conversions
Rate generates high birefringence, while introduces two rows of round airports at the center of optical fiber to change the symmetry of structure, improves optical fiber
Birefringence, the dispersion of optical fiber is adjusted, so as to fulfill the low dispersion polarization-maintaining terahertz light photonic crystal fiber in broadband, photonic crystal light
Fine birefringence value can reach 10-3Or even 10-2, an order of magnitude at least higher than traditional polarization maintaining optical fibre, and in very wide frequency
There is very low dispersion in spectral limit and dispersion curve is flat, it is extremely important for the undistorted transmission of broadband terahertz pulse.
In addition, the parameter by adjusting airport on photonic crystal fiber cross section can change the structure of optical fiber, so as to obtain pair
The adjusting of dispersion.
3. temperature stability is good.The low dispersion terahertz light photonic crystal fiber of broadband high birefringence designed by the present invention is to use
Polymer material polyethylene is made, and the birefringence generated in photonic crystal fiber belongs to geometry birefringence, it relies on optical fiber structure
Asymmetry, formed two-fold so as to which two vertical polarization states be caused in optical fiber to have different propagation constants and equivalent refractive index
It penetrates, therefore influence of the temperature change to birefringence value is not obvious.
4. capability of resistance to radiation is strong.The material made used in traditional polarization maintaining optical fibre is usually quartz material, and the fibre core of optical fiber leads to
Often doped with GeO2, can increase so as to cause the transmission loss of optical fiber in the case of nuclear radiation so that the capability of resistance to radiation of optical fiber is low；
The low dispersion terahertz light photonic crystal fiber of broadband high birefringence designed by the present invention, covering and fibre core are by polytetrafluoro of the same race
Vinyl material composition, capability of resistance to radiation is strong, and performance is stablized.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Terahertz broadband polarization maintaining optical fibre structure chart；
Effective folding of horizontal (x polarized) and vertical (y polarized) polarization mode in Fig. 2 photonic crystal fibers
Calculation rate and birefringence curve；
The dispersion of horizontal (x polarized) and vertical (y polarized) polarization mode is bent in Fig. 3 photonic crystal fibers
Line；
The loss of horizontal (x polarized) and vertical (y polarized) polarization mode is bent in Fig. 4 photonic crystal fibers
Line.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates below in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention：
As shown in Figure 1, optical fiber includes covering and fibre core.Fiber length is provided with multiple air in Transmission Fibers
Hole, the shape of airport is diamond shape or ellipse, and airport is in periodic arrangement in optical fiber base material, and there are two empty at center
Gas hole defect, and introduce two rows of round airports in the vertical direction of defect and change the symmetry of structure, improve the double of optical fiber
Refraction, adjusts the dispersion of optical fiber, so as to fulfill the low dispersion polarization-maintaining terahertz light photonic crystal fiber in broadband.Two row air circular holes it
Between region be optical fiber fibre core, rest part is covering, and covering be the perimeter of encirclement fibre core.Per three adjacent air
Vertex of the center in hole for equilateral triangle, peripheral airport center can respectively be connected into according to the distance apart from fibre core with
Multiple regular hexagons centered on the center of fibre core, the long axis of oval airport is parallel or vertical one with regular hexagon
Side, and all oval airport long axis directions are consistent, oval airport is using the center of fibre core as origin, and length axis direction is with straight
Angular coordinate system transverse and longitudinal axis is symmetric.
As shown in Figure 1, the low dispersion terahertz light photonic crystal fiber of broadband high birefringence of the present invention is to use polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)
Material is formed, and the conversion rate at 0.5THz is 1.5, and absorption loss 0.3/cm, air part is made of just oval airport
Hexagonal structure, it is 160 μm and 80 μm that center forms fibre core ellipse airport major and minor axis there are two air hole defect, two layers intermediate
Roundlet air pore radius is 20 μm, and the spacing ∧ between oval airport is 200 μm, and the spacing between circle airport ∧ r is 80 μm, two
The spacing of row air circular hole is 190 μm, and the radius of entire optical fiber is 1450 μm.
Low its birefringence value of dispersion terahertz light photonic crystal fiber of broadband high birefringence of the present invention is in 0.1THz to 4THz
In the range of can reach 10-3, 10 are can reach in the range of 0.8THz to 4THz-2.The dispersion of optical fiber of the present invention is in 0.1THz to 4THz
In the range of close to zero, dispersion curve is flat, reaches the requirement of the low dispersion of broadband high birefringence.
Horizontal (x polarized) and (y polarized) polarization mode vertically in photonic crystal fiber as shown in Figure 2
Effective conversion rate increases with the increase of transmission frequency, and when transmission frequency is more than 3THz, effective conversion rate is held essentially constant.
Birefringence value can reach 10 in the range of 0.1THz to 4THz-3, 10 are can reach in the range of 0.8THz to 4THz-2。
Horizontal (x polarized) and vertical (y in photonic crystal fiber in the range of 0.1THz to 4THz as shown in Figure 3
Polarized) dispersion values of polarization mode close to zero and float it is smaller, dispersion curve is flat.In (30 μm of 0.1THz to 4THz
To 3000 μm) in the range of horizontal (x polarized) and the damage of (ypolarized) polarization mode vertically in photonic crystal fiber
Consumption reduces with the reduction (wavelength increase) of frequency, minimal losses 0.08dB/m.
Claims (4)
1. broadband THz wave polarization-maintaining Transmission Fibers, including fibre core and covering, it is characterised in that：Along fiber lengths in the covering
Direction is provided with multiple oval airports, and the multiple ellipse airport is along its long axis direction arrangement in a row, each ellipse air
The long axis in hole is 160 μm, and short axle is 80 μm, and oval airport is 200 μm along the spacing of long axis direction, and three of adjacent rows are ellipse
The smallest triangle that the line of centres of circle airport is formed is equilateral triangle, and the line of centres of outermost ellipse airport is in
Regular hexagon, often the oval airport both ends of row be inwardly indented after the oval airport of identical quantity formed it is outermost ellipse
The line of centres of circle airport is in still regular hexagon, and the center of the regular hexagon is overlapped with the center of fibre core；Positioned at just
There are two oval airport vacancy at hexagonal centre, the both sides up and down of vacant locations are provided with two air-discharging circular holes, and described two
Air-discharging circular hole is located in innermost regular hexagon, and the radius of the air circular hole is 20 μm, positioned at the air circular hole of colleague
Spacing for 80 μm, the spacing of two row air circular holes is 190 μm, and the region between the two rows air circular hole is the fibre of optical fiber
Core, the radius of the optical fiber is 1450 μm.
2. THz wave polarization-maintaining Transmission Fibers in broadband according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The material of the optical fiber is
Polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
3. broadband THz wave polarization-maintaining Transmission Fibers, including fibre core and covering, it is characterised in that：Along fiber lengths in the covering
Direction is provided with multiple diamond shaped air holes, and the multiple diamond shaped air hole is along its long axis direction arrangement in a row, each diamond shaped air
The long axis in hole is 160 μm, and short axle is 80 μm, and the spacing of diamond shaped air hole along long axis direction is 200 μm, three water chestnuts of adjacent rows
The smallest triangle that the line of centres of shape airport is formed is equilateral triangle, and the line of centres in outermost diamond shaped air hole is in
Regular hexagon, often row diamond shaped air hole both ends be inwardly indented the outermost water chestnut formed behind the diamond shaped air hole of identical quantity
The line of centres of shape airport is in still regular hexagon, and the center of the regular hexagon is overlapped with the center of fibre core；Positioned at just
There are two diamond shaped air hole vacancy at hexagonal centre, the both sides up and down of vacant locations are provided with two air-discharging circular holes, and described two
Air-discharging circular hole is located in innermost regular hexagon, and the radius of the air circular hole is 20 μm, positioned at the air circular hole of colleague
Spacing for 80 μm, the spacing of two row air circular holes is 190 μm, and the region between the two rows air circular hole is the fibre of optical fiber
Core, the radius of the optical fiber is 1450 μm.
4. THz wave polarization-maintaining Transmission Fibers in broadband according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The material of the optical fiber is
Polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
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| CN104808285B (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2017-08-01 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of high birefringence dispersion-tunable photonic crystal fiber |
| CN106054312A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-10-26 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | High-birefringence low-loss pohotonic crystal fiber |
| CN108152881B (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2020-01-07 | 西安邮电大学 | Chalcogenide high-birefringence photonic crystal fiber in waveband range of 2-5 microns |
| CN108490534B (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2020-03-17 | 重庆邮电大学 | Temperature-insensitive polarization filter based on round hole mixed type microstructure optical fiber |
| CN112928417B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-11-01 | 南通大学 | Porous sub-terahertz dielectric waveguide transmission line |
| CN113376735B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-07-01 | 西安邮电大学 | Chinese knot-like porous fiber core ultrahigh birefringence terahertz optical fiber |
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| JP2005326479A (en) * | 2004-05-12 | 2005-11-24 | Fujikura Ltd | Holey fiber |
| CN101464538A (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-06-24 | 北京航空航天大学 | Photonic crystal fiber with ultra-high double refraction and ultra-low limitation loss |
| CN101832793A (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2010-09-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | Photonic crystal optical fiber sensor based on polarization interference |
| CN103454720A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-18 | 天津理工大学 | Photonic crystal fiber with high birefringence characteristic |
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