CN104233178B - A kind of combustion machine hot-end component guide vane surface long-life class columnar crystal structure thermal barrier coating automation preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of combustion machine hot-end component guide vane surface long-life class columnar crystal structure thermal barrier coating automation preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104233178B CN104233178B CN201410484502.6A CN201410484502A CN104233178B CN 104233178 B CN104233178 B CN 104233178B CN 201410484502 A CN201410484502 A CN 201410484502A CN 104233178 B CN104233178 B CN 104233178B
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of combustion machine hot-end component guide vane surface long-life class columnar crystal structure thermal barrier coating automation preparation method. The present invention clamps respectively supersonic spray gun and plasma gun by manipulator, establishment automatic spraying program, it is 330～350mm apart from gun slot distance that HVAF tack coat arranges TCP point with main program, spray gun translational speed is 500～600m/s, and spraying profile spacing is 20～30mm. It is 60～70mm apart from gun slot distance that plasma sprayed ceramic layer arranges TCP point with main program, and spray gun translational speed is 200～250/s, and spraying profile spacing is 3～7mm, and when plasma spraying program composition, spraying profile is " bow " font trend. The present invention comprises matrix preparation and pre-treatment successively, tack coat preparation, hot-end component preheating and ceramic layer preparation, adopt scanning electron microscopic observation, the ceramic layer of preparation has class columnar crystal structure, the strain tolerance limit and the heat shock resistance life-span that have significantly improved coating, coating service life significantly improves compared with conventional structure thermal barrier coating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of long-life method for preparing heat barrier coating, particularly relate to a kind of for gas turbine heat endPart surface long-life class columnar crystal structure thermal barrier coating preparation automatic spraying method.
Background technology
Efficient owing to having, energy-conservation, the oligosaprobic advantage of gas turbine, obtains in fields such as aviation, ship power, generatingsExtensive use. In order to obtain higher energy use efficiency and larger thrust, in recent years, Gas Turbine import temperatureDegree progressively improves, and the gas turbine that only depends on the raising of material property and the improvement of structural design cannot meet develop rapidly is answeredUse demand. Thermal barrier coating owing to can effectively reduce component surface temperature, improve high temperature oxidation corrosion resistance ability, reduce fuel oil and disappearThe features such as consumption, reenlist life-span, have been successfully applied in aero-engine and the protection of heavy duty gas turbine hot-end component.
The hot-end component of gas turbine is the critical component that determines its life-span, is divided into working-blade and guide vane, is on active serviceEnvironment very severe, not only operating temperature is high, but also draws because of temperature acute variation when bearing gas turbine in starting and shutting downThe thermal shock rising. Gas turbine working-blade generally adopts the preparation of electro beam physics vapour deposition technique, and coating is column crystal knotStructure, strain tolerance limit is high, service life is long, shortcoming is complicated process of preparation, apparatus expensive, preparation cost is high, efficiency is low, coatingThin, heat-proof quality is poor, and is limited to equipment vacuum settling chamber volume, cannot prepare coating to large-scale, complex profile member; Combustion gasTurbine guide vane and other stator parts generally adopt plasma spray coating process preparation, and coating structure is layer structure, heat insulationPerformance is good, and equipment is simple, and preparation cost is low, and spray efficiency is high, and shortcoming is that between coat layer, adhesion is poor, and service life is short, and is coated withLayer preparation method is also hand spray mode, coating quality batch poor stability, and therefore, conventional structure thermal barrier coating has been difficult to fullThe up to ten thousand hours long-lives user demand of foot ground gas turbine.
Use for reference advantage and the heat insulation advantage of layer structure painting floor height that columnar crystal structure is coated with floor height strain tolerance limit, adopt plasmaSpraying coating process preparation has class columnar crystal structure coating and can significantly improve coating service life, and German J ü lich laboratory is once flatOn plate sample, carried out the research of class columnar crystal structure preparation technology of coating, domestic BJ University of Aeronautics & Astronautics also once carried out similarResearch, but laboratory research discovery, class columnar crystal structure thermal barrier coating requires harsher to preparation technology, matrix of samples temperature,All formation to class columnar crystal structure coating of technological parameter such as spraying profile, spray power, powder feeding rate and spray power matchingThere is remarkable impact, on plane plate specimen, can successfully prepare the spraying coating process of class columnar crystal structure coating and not be suitable for to have and answerThe gas turbine hot-end component of assorted profile, especially for guide vane, because it is multi-joint compound abnormally-structured, and existing sprayPainting mode is hand spray, is difficult to ensure the accurate control of spraying profile. Therefore, up to the present, class columnar crystal structure heatBarrier coating preparation is also confined to laboratory compared with the research of tablet specimen surface, and not yet obtaining on gas turbine hot-end component surface shouldWith. Patent of the present invention is used for reference forefathers' research experience, optimizes preparation technology of coating, according to blade profile tendency design spraying profile,A kind of manipulator automatic spraying mode that adopts is proposed at gas turbine guide vane surface preparation long-life class columnar crystal structureThermal barrier coating method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of for gas turbine hot-end component guide vane surface long-life class column crystalThe full-automatic spraying technique of structure thermal barrier coating, clamps respectively supersonic spray gun and plasma gun by manipulator, compilesAutomatic spraying program processed, regulates spraying parameter, thereby has in the preparation of gas turbine hot-end component guide vane surfaceHigh strain tolerance limit, long-life class columnar crystal structure thermal barrier coating.
The technical scheme key that realizes the object of the invention is to adopt automatic spraying technique having the combustion of complex profileGas-turbine hot-end component guide vane surface preparation long-life class columnar crystal structure thermal barrier coating, its preparation method is as follows:
The first step: according to hot-end component shape establishment automatic spraying program, can adopt manipulator to carry teaching machine existingField establishment, also can adopt off-line programming software establishment. Automatic spraying program is divided into two main programs, and one is supersonic speed fireFlame spraying tack coat main program, it two is plasma sprayed ceramic layer main program. HVAF tack coat is with mainProgramming TCP point is 330～350mm apart from gun slot distance, and spray gun translational speed is 500～600m/s, spraying profile spacingBe 20～30mm. It is 60～70mm apart from gun slot distance that plasma sprayed ceramic layer arranges TCP point with main program, and spray gun moves speedDegree is 200～250/s, and spraying profile spacing is 3～7mm, and when plasma spraying program composition, spraying profile is " bow " font and walksTo.
Second step: matrix is prepared and pre-treatment, adopts acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol to clean hot-end component surface and oil contaminant, and employing is penetratedSuction sand-blasting machine carries out texturing to hot-end component surface, and sand mold kind is selected brown corundum or white fused alumina, first adopts 60～100 ordersEmergy is removed hot-end component surface scale, exposes metallic luster matrix, then adopts 16～26 order emergies to matrixCarry out texturing, in the time that surface roughness reaches Ra4.5～Ra6.0, stop texturing technique.
The 3rd step: tack coat preparation, in manipulator teaching machine, transfer the HVAF tack coat weaving and useMain program carries out tack coat preparation to hot-end component, and bonding layer material is selected NiCoCrAlYSi, component: Ni:45～50%, Co:20～25%, Cr:20～25%, Al:10～15%, y:0.5～1.5%, Si:0.5～1.5%; When HVAFOxygen flow is 35～40m3/ h, kerosene oil flow is 15～20L/h, powder feeding rate is 55～60g/min, substrate preheating temperature 100～150℃。
The 4th step: hot-end component preheating, adopts Ethylene Oxide flame heating gun to carry out overall preheating, Oxygen Flow to hot-end componentAmount: 10L/min, propane flow 4L/min, preheat temperature is controlled between 500～700 DEG C. Adopt infrared radiation thermometer to surveyTemperature, in the time that hot-end component temperature reaches design temperature, Ethylene Oxide flame gun stops heating automatically.
The 5th step: ceramic layer preparation, in manipulator teaching machine, transfer the plasma sprayed ceramic layer main program weavingHot-end component is carried out to ceramic layer preparation, and ceramic layer material is selected YSZ, component: 7～8%Y2O3Stablize ZrO2; Spray voltage is75～80V, spraying current is 600～650A, powder feeding rate is 30～40g/min, for successfully preparing class columnar crystal structure coating,In ceramic layer preparation process, spraying profile is necessary for " bow " font, not reciprocally spraying and right-angled intersection spraying, coating spraying mistakeIn journey, hot-end component temperature is controlled at 600～800 DEG C.
The thermal barrier coating of preparing through above-mentioned technique, adopts scanning electron microscopic observation, and the ceramic layer of preparation has class column crystalStructure, has significantly improved strain tolerance limit and the heat shock resistance life-span of coating, and coating service life is aobvious compared with conventional structure thermal barrier coatingWork improves.
Brief description of the drawings
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of gas turbine hot-end component (guide vane) schematic diagram
Fig. 2 is high strain tolerance limit thermal barrier coating automatic spraying track schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is high strain tolerance limit, class columnar crystal structure thermal barrier coating microstructure morphology
Fig. 4 is the contrast of different structure thermal barrier coating thermal shock resistance
Wherein, accompanying drawing 1 mark:
Rafter plate on rafter plate 12-guide vane under 11-guide vane
13-cold gas fenestra 14-blade
Wherein, accompanying drawing 2 marks:
To be sprayed 22-automatic spraying track of 21-
Wherein, accompanying drawing 3 marks:
31-guide vane blade cross section 32-blade surface coating partial enlarged drawing 33-class columnar crystal structure
Detailed description of the invention:
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail, but does not doFor limitation of the invention
(1) according to the supersonic spray gun weight of manipulator clamping, center of gravity, rotary inertia etc., tool coordinates is setTool-HVOF, setting TCP point is 330mm apart from gun slot distance, and spray gun translational speed is 500m/s, and spraying profile spacing is20mm. According to hot-end component surface topography establishment to be sprayed HVAF tack coat main program, spraying main program comprisesTack coat is prepared preheating program, tack coat preparation procedure, and program cycle number of times is set as 2 times, setting program counting running timeOrder.
(2) according to hot-end component surface topography establishment to be sprayed plasma sprayed ceramic layer main program, press from both sides according to manipulatorThe plasma gun weight of holding, center of gravity, rotary inertia etc. arrange tool coordinates tool-APS, set TCP point apart from gun slot distanceFor 70mm, spray gun translational speed is 250/s, and spraying profile spacing is 3mm, and spraying profile is set to " bow " font, spray procedureCycle-index is set as 3 times, the order of setting program counting running time.
(3) use clean natural bristle brush to dip in industrial acetone and scrub hot-end component surface to be sprayed, remove hot-end component tableFace grease and pollutant are clearly scrubbed parts spraying with acetone by be installed hot-end component again after clean after on protecting tool set-upFace, to not needing suitable protecting tool set-up, the high temperature gummed tape protection for the outer surface of position of spraying.
(4) adopt jet absorption type sand-blasting machine to carry out sandblast texturing to spraying position, sand material uses 60 order white fused aluminas, sandblast distanceFor 50mm, approximately 90 ° of sandblast angles, blasting pressure is 0.6MPa, blast nozzle diameter is 8mm. When surface scale to be sprayed is removedTotally, expose while having metallic luster matrix, adopt 24 order white fused aluminas to treat sprayed surface and carry out texturing, sandblast distance is sandblastDistance be 50mm, approximately 90 ° of sandblast angles, blasting pressure is 0.4MPa, when position to be sprayed surface roughness reach Ra4.5～When Ra6.0, stop texturing.
(5) hot-end component after surface texturing is arranged on to automatic spraying with on turntable, adopts IRB2400 manipulator clampingSupersonic spray gun, transfers the HVAF tack coat main program weaving in manipulator teaching machine, adopts TI-II3200CY type supersonic velocity flame plating equipment sprays, and spraying parameter is as follows: O2Flow: 38m3/ h, kerosene oil flow:19L/h, powder sending quantity: 55g/min, spray distance: 330mm, preheat temperature: 100～150 DEG C, coating layer thickness is 0.05-0.10mm, spraying pass is 2 times, spray time is 3min altogether.
(6) adopt Ethylene Oxide flame heating gun to carry out overall preheating, oxygen flow to the hot-end component that is prepared with tack coat:10L/min, propane flow 4L/min, preheat temperature is controlled between 500～700 DEG C. Adopt infrared radiation thermometer to carry out thermometric, whenWhen hot-end component temperature reaches design temperature, Ethylene Oxide flame gun stops heating automatically.
(7) adopt IRB2400 manipulator clamping plasma gun, transfer the plasma spray weaving in manipulator teaching machineBe coated with ceramic layer main program, adopt DH-80 air plasma spraying equipment to prepare ceramic layer, spraying parameter is as follows: spraying electricityStream: 600A, spray voltage: 80V, Ar throughput: 27L/min, H2Flow: 100L/h, powder sending quantity: 35g/min, spray distance:70mm, temperature control: 600～800 DEG C, coating layer thickness is 0.25-0.30mm, spraying pass is 3 times, spray time is 9min altogether.
(8) sprayed rear removal protection, used acetone to clean unnecessary removing residual glue on listrium, cleaning non-spraying flour end andDirt.
The class columnar crystal structure thermal barrier coating of preparing through above-mentioned technique is 1200 DEG C at hot-side temperature, and cold junction temperature isUnder the condition of 950 DEG C, be incubated 5min, then in 2min, try as once looping thermal shock by pressure-air cooling to room temperatureTest, adopt conventional structure thermal barrier coating sample as a comparison under condition of equivalent thickness, result of the test shows, has high strain tolerance limit, classThe columnar crystal structure thermal barrier coating heat shock resistance life-span is 4263 times, and the conventional structure thermal barrier coating heat shock resistance life-span is 847 times.
Useful technique effect of the present invention is:
Using certainly for the high strain tolerance limit in gas turbine hot-end component surface, long-life thermal barrier coating preparation of the present invention's developmentMovingization spraying coating process, can be used for the hot-end component surfaces such as the Gas Turbine guide vane, combustion barrel, changeover portion of different modelThermal barrier coating preparation.
The present invention not only can be used for the high strain tolerance limit in gas turbine hot-end component surface, long-life thermal barrier coating preparation, alsoCan be used for the preparation of active service aero-engine hot-end component surface heat barrier coating, even can promote the use of and grind high-performance aviationThe novel height in engine guide vane surface is heat insulation, long-life thermal barrier coating Application and preparation.
Claims (1)
1. a combustion machine hot-end component guide vane surface long-life class columnar crystal structure thermal barrier coating automation preparation method, itsBe characterised in that step is as follows:
The first step: according to hot-end component shape establishment automatic spraying program; : automatic spraying program is divided into two main programs,One is HVAF tack coat main program, and it two is plasma sprayed ceramic layer main program; Supersonic flameIt is 330～350mm apart from gun slot distance that spraying tack coat arranges TCP point with main program, and spray gun translational speed is 500～600m/S, spraying profile spacing is 20～30mm; Plasma sprayed ceramic layer with main program arrange TCP point apart from gun slot distance be 60～70mm, spray gun translational speed is 200～250/s, spraying profile spacing is 3～7mm, sprays rail when plasma spraying program compositionMark is " bow " font trend;
Second step: matrix is prepared and pre-treatment, adopts acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol to clean hot-end component surface and oil contaminant, adopts jet absorption typeSand-blasting machine carries out texturing to hot-end component surface, and sand mold kind is selected brown corundum or white fused alumina, first adopts 60～100 order corundumSand is removed hot-end component surface scale, exposes metallic luster matrix, then adopts 16～26 order emergies to carry out matrixTexturing stops texturing technique in the time that surface roughness reaches Ra4.5～Ra6.0;
The 3rd step: tack coat preparation: bonding layer material is selected NiCoCrAlYSi, component: Ni:45～50%, Co:20～25%,Cr:20～25%, Al:10～15%, Y:0.5～1.5%, Si:0.5～1.5%; When HVAF, oxygen flow is35～40m3/ h, kerosene oil flow is 15～20L/h, powder feeding rate is 55～60g/min, 100～150 DEG C of substrate preheating temperature;
The 4th step: hot-end component preheating: adopt Ethylene Oxide flame heating gun hot-end component to be carried out to overall preheating, oxygen flow:10L/min, propane flow 4L/min, preheat temperature is controlled between 500～700 DEG C; Adopt infrared radiation thermometer to carry out thermometric, whenWhen hot-end component temperature reaches design temperature, Ethylene Oxide flame gun stops heating automatically;
The 5th step: ceramic layer preparation: ceramic layer material is selected YSZ, component: 7～8%Y2O3Stablize ZrO2; Spray voltage is 75～80V, spraying current is 600～650A, powder feeding rate is 30～40g/min, for successfully preparing class columnar crystal structure coating, potteryIn layer preparation process, spraying profile is necessary for " bow " font, and not reciprocally spraying and right-angled intersection spraying, in coating spraying processHot-end component temperature is controlled at 600～800 DEG C.
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| CN104874536B (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2018-01-16 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | A kind of method that dual robot is sprayed automatically to guide vane (IGV) assembly |
| CN105132908A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2015-12-09 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Gas turbine blade thermal barrier coating bonding layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105463382B (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2018-08-17 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of coating and preparation method thereof improving TiAl alloy oxidation drag |
| CN105951030B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-12-21 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Single crystal alloy surface double-layer structure adhesive layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106498335B (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2019-11-12 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation process of hot-end component burner inner liner high temperature coating |
| CN106756727A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-05-31 | 湖南省冶金材料研究院 | A kind of robot automation's spraying coating process of grinding roller wear-resistant coating |
| CN108342678B (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2020-09-15 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Thermal barrier coating with structural gradient and preparation method thereof |
| CN110004393A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-12 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of supersonic flame spraying technology preparation Y2O3The method of ceramic coating |
| CN115976451A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-04-18 | 北京金轮坤天特种机械有限公司 | Preparation method of pneumatic heating surface high-temperature-resistant instantaneous oxidation ablation-resistant coating |
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| US20140193760A1 (en) * | 2013-01-09 | 2014-07-10 | General Electric Company | Coated article, process of coating an article, and method of using a coated article |
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Effective date of registration: 20190508 Address after: Room 115, 1st floor, 7th Shangdi Fifth Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085 Patentee after: Beijing Golden Wheel Special Machine C., Ltd. Address before: 100083 Beijing Chaoyang District Deshengmen North Beach No. 1 Academy of Agricultural Machinery Academy Office Building A 10 floors Patentee before: BEIJING GOLDEN WHEEL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. |