CN104230366A - Activated carbon fiber-reinforced porous composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Activated carbon fiber-reinforced porous composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104230366A CN104230366A CN201410451207.0A CN201410451207A CN104230366A CN 104230366 A CN104230366 A CN 104230366A CN 201410451207 A CN201410451207 A CN 201410451207A CN 104230366 A CN104230366 A CN 104230366A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an activated carbon fiber-reinforced porous composite material and a preparation method thereof. The activated carbon fiber-reinforced porous composite material comprises a matrix, a carbon fiber reinforcing body and pores, wherein the pores can be evenly distributed in the whole or a part of the composite material, especially the surface layer of the composite material; the matrix is a material formed by carbon, silicon carbide or a carbon-silicon carbide mixture; the volumetric ratio of the pores in the whole material is 5-45%. The composite material comprises an activated carbon fiber layer and a silicon oxide gel layer coating the activated carbon fiber layer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) coating the activated carbon fiber layer, which accounts for 20%-95% of the total amount of fibers, with the silicon oxide gel layer; (2) synthesizing a carbon and silicon carbide-based composite material by adopting a chemical vapor deposition or liquid phase steeping method; (3) steeping the carbon fiber composite material into hydrofluoric acid solution and keeping for certain time; and (4) performing vacuum gas removal and water removal to the composite material, or airing, or performing hot-air drying.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of matrix material and preparation method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of activated carbon fiber and strengthen composite porous and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Specific tenacity, the specific modulus of C/C matrix material are high, and the high temperature of more than 2000 DEG C still keeps its high strength, frictional behaviour and thermal shock resistance, is the most promising high-temperature structural material.But carbon starts oxidation 370 DEG C have in oxygen atmosphere, higher than rapid oxidation when 500 DEG C, causes C/C matrix material catastrophic explosion.By the method for matrix modification, namely in C matrix, add various antioxidant, aerial for C/C matrix material oxidation resistance temperature can be brought up to 800 DEG C.C/SiC matrix material has low density, high strength, high temperature resistant, a series of excellent properties such as anti-yaw damper and antiscour, has oxidation-resistance more better than C/C matrix material simultaneously.But as the fire-resistant oxidation resistant material on practical use, its high-temperature oxidation resistance is also nowhere near.Therefore, suitable protection must be carried out to the C/C matrix material or C/SiC matrix material that are used as high-temperature hot structured material.Generally have two kinds to the protection of matrix material, a kind of is the temperature reducing material; Two is in the anti-oxidation of material surface brush applied coating.
Activated carbon fiber is a kind of novel, efficient, desirable multi-functional adsorptivity environment-friendly materials, particularly nitrogenous in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based activated carbon fiber structure, katalysis is had to sulphur, compound nitrogen series, there is high strength and high absorption property, the dust produced in use procedure is few, nonflammable, long service life, acquires a special sense at desulphurization and denitration and many Application Areass high to requirement of strength.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is intended to overcome existing carbon fibre reinforced composite with coating in conjunction with weak defect, provides a kind of method that effectively can improve carbon fibre reinforced composite and anchoring strength of coating.Described a kind of activated carbon fiber strengthens that composite porous specific surface area is large, grammes per square metre is little, physical strength is high, also has heat insulation, gas defence, fire-retardant multi-functional characteristic.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing object of the present invention is: provide a kind of activated carbon fiber to strengthen composite porous, be made up of matrix, carbon fiber reinforcement and hole, it is characterized in that hole can be evenly present in whole matrix material or wherein any portion, especially can be present in composite layer.Described matrix is carbon, or silicon carbide, or the material mixed of above-mentioned bi-material.The volumetric ratio accounting for integral material of described hole is 5 ~ 45%.Described matrix material, it comprises acf layer and is wrapped in the silica gel layer outside described acf layer.
In described Active carbon fiber composite material, the content of silicon-dioxide is 5 ~ 45wt%.The specific surface area of described acf layer is 500 ~ 2500m
2/ g.
Described acf layer is polyacrylonitrile based activated carbon fiber, one in phenolic resin based activated carbon fiber, viscose base activated carbon fiber, asphalt activity carbon fiber, cellulose base activated carbon fiber.
The invention also discloses a kind of activated carbon fiber and strengthen composite porous preparation method, it is characterized in that the step comprising following order:
(1) acf layer wrapping up silica gel layer accounts for 20% ~ 95% of fiber total amount;
(2) carbon back, carborundum based material is synthesized by the method for chemical vapour deposition or liquid impregnation;
(3) carbon-fibre composite be impregnated in hydrofluoric acid solution, keep for some time;
(4) by matrix material vacuum stripping, dewater, or to dry, or hot-air seasoning;
(5) carbon fiber enhanced porous matrix material is obtained.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: carbon fiber enhanced porous composite material surface has hole, coating can be introduced or embed, utilize the mode of mechanical snap to improve bonding strength, a kind of activated carbon fiber provided by the invention strengthens composite porous preparation method's simple possible, with low cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, illustrate the present invention further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of activated carbon fiber strengthens composite porous, is made up of matrix, carbon fiber reinforcement and hole, it is characterized in that hole can be evenly present in whole matrix material or wherein any portion, especially can be present in composite layer.Described matrix is carbon, or silicon carbide, or the material mixed of above-mentioned bi-material.The volumetric ratio accounting for integral material of described hole is 10%.Described matrix material, it comprises acf layer and is wrapped in the silica gel layer outside described acf layer.
In described Active carbon fiber composite material, the content of silicon-dioxide is 10wt%.The specific surface area of described acf layer is 1000m
2/ g.
Described acf layer is for being polyacrylonitrile based activated carbon fiber.
The present invention includes the step of following order:
(1) acf layer wrapping up silica gel layer accounts for 25% of fiber total amount;
(2) carbon back, carborundum based material is synthesized by the method for chemical vapour deposition or liquid impregnation;
(3) carbon-fibre composite be impregnated in hydrofluoric acid solution, keep for some time;
(4) by matrix material vacuum stripping, dewater, or to dry, or hot-air seasoning;
(5) carbon fiber enhanced porous matrix material is obtained.
Embodiment 2
A kind of activated carbon fiber strengthens composite porous, is made up of matrix, carbon fiber reinforcement and hole, it is characterized in that hole can be evenly present in whole matrix material or wherein any portion, especially can be present in composite layer.Described matrix is carbon, or silicon carbide, or the material mixed of above-mentioned bi-material.The volumetric ratio accounting for integral material of described hole is 20%.Described matrix material, it comprises acf layer and is wrapped in the silica gel layer outside described acf layer.
In described Active carbon fiber composite material, the content of silicon-dioxide is 20wt%.The specific surface area of described acf layer is 1500m
2/ g.
Described acf layer is polyacrylonitrile based activated carbon fiber, one in phenolic resin based activated carbon fiber, viscose base activated carbon fiber, asphalt activity carbon fiber, cellulose base activated carbon fiber.
The invention also discloses a kind of activated carbon fiber and strengthen composite porous preparation method, it is characterized in that the step comprising following order:
(1) acf layer wrapping up silica gel layer accounts for 50% of fiber total amount;
(2) carbon back, carborundum based material is synthesized by the method for chemical vapour deposition or liquid impregnation;
(3) carbon-fibre composite be impregnated in hydrofluoric acid solution, keep for some time;
(4) by matrix material vacuum stripping, dewater, or to dry, or hot-air seasoning;
(5) carbon fiber enhanced porous matrix material is obtained.
Embodiment 3
A kind of activated carbon fiber strengthens composite porous, is made up of matrix, carbon fiber reinforcement and hole, it is characterized in that hole can be evenly present in whole matrix material or wherein any portion, especially can be present in composite layer.Described matrix is carbon, or silicon carbide, or the material mixed of above-mentioned bi-material.The volumetric ratio accounting for integral material of described hole is 40%.Described matrix material, it comprises acf layer and is wrapped in the silica gel layer outside described acf layer.
In described Active carbon fiber composite material, the content of silicon-dioxide is 40wt%.The specific surface area of described acf layer is 2000m
2/ g.
Described acf layer is polyacrylonitrile based activated carbon fiber, one in phenolic resin based activated carbon fiber, viscose base activated carbon fiber, asphalt activity carbon fiber, cellulose base activated carbon fiber.
The invention also discloses a kind of activated carbon fiber and strengthen composite porous preparation method, it is characterized in that the step comprising following order:
(1) acf layer wrapping up silica gel layer accounts for 90% of fiber total amount;
(2) carbon back, carborundum based material is synthesized by the method for chemical vapour deposition or liquid impregnation;
(3) carbon-fibre composite be impregnated in hydrofluoric acid solution, keep for some time;
(4) by matrix material vacuum stripping, dewater, or to dry, or hot-air seasoning;
(5) carbon fiber enhanced porous matrix material is obtained.
Claims (1)
1. an activated carbon fiber strengthens composite porous and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that a kind of activated carbon fiber strengthens composite porous, be made up of matrix, carbon fiber reinforcement and hole, hole can be evenly present in whole matrix material or wherein any portion, especially can be present in composite layer; Described matrix is carbon, or silicon carbide, or the material mixed of above-mentioned bi-material; The volumetric ratio accounting for integral material of described hole is 5 ~ 45%; Described matrix material, it comprises acf layer and is wrapped in the silica gel layer outside described acf layer.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106478124A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-03-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | A kind of preparation method of porous charcoal heat-insulation composite material |
| CN108329046A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-07-27 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Preparation method of carbon aerogel heat insulation composite material |
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| CN103334298A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-10-02 | 蓝星环境工程有限公司 | Active carbon fiber composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN203393497U (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2014-01-15 | 蓝星环境工程有限公司 | Active carbon fiber composite material |
| CN103724030A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-04-16 | 太仓派欧技术咨询服务有限公司 | Carbon fiber-reinforced porous composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| WO2009054995A1 (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-30 | Flexible Ceramics, Inc. | Fire resistant flexible ceramic resin blend and composite products formed therefrom |
| CN103724030A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2014-04-16 | 太仓派欧技术咨询服务有限公司 | Carbon fiber-reinforced porous composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103334298A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-10-02 | 蓝星环境工程有限公司 | Active carbon fiber composite material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106478124A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-03-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | A kind of preparation method of porous charcoal heat-insulation composite material |
| CN108329046A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2018-07-27 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Preparation method of carbon aerogel heat insulation composite material |
| CN108329046B (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2020-09-11 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Preparation method of carbon aerogel heat insulation composite material |
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Application publication date: 20141224 |