CN104229797B - Pyrolysis activation combustion gasification all-in-one oven, refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system, activated carbon manufacture method - Google Patents
Pyrolysis activation combustion gasification all-in-one oven, refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system, activated carbon manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104229797B CN104229797B CN201310227577.1A CN201310227577A CN104229797B CN 104229797 B CN104229797 B CN 104229797B CN 201310227577 A CN201310227577 A CN 201310227577A CN 104229797 B CN104229797 B CN 104229797B
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Abstract
A kind of pyrolysis activation combustion gasification all-in-one oven, including: fuel element；Pyrolytic gasification unit, utilizes the smoke gas pyrolysis carbonization raw material from fuel element to generate carbonated material and pyrolysis gas；Activation unit, utilizes the steam from fuel element to activate the carbonated material from pyrolytic gasification unit to produce activated carbon；And drying unit, it is dried the activated carbon from activation unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven, refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system and activated carbon
Manufacture method.
Background technology
Along with fast development and the quickening of Development of China's Urbanization of China's economy, the domestic waste amount of clearing increases rapidly.
At present, the harmless treatment of China's domestic waste is disposed still based on sanitary landfills.Surrounding city has been occupied in refuse landfill
A large amount of land resources, landfill yard and periphery floor space generally up to several square kilometres, even tens square kilometres.Meanwhile,
Household refuse landfill sites faces problem of environmental pollution of both percolate and landfill gas, and wherein the process of percolate is worldwide
A difficult problem.
Owing in China's house refuse, content of organics and moisture content are often as high as 50%-60%, cause percolate yield
Greatly, complicated component and concentration are high, intractability is big, and often appearance processes the most up to standard and arranges phenomenon steathily, causes leachate contamination thing
Part frequently occurs.
Containing substantial amounts of methane and carbon dioxide isothermal chamber gas in landfill gas, wherein the greenhouse gases effect of methane is two
21 times of carbonoxide, additionally also have the component such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia in landfill gas, its stench produced has severely impacted landfill yard week
The living environment on limit.
The percolate of household refuse landfill sites, landfill gas, process and the Land use models of the three kinds of resources in soil are all single at present
The short chain developmental pattern of one.
Summary of the invention
In order to effectively solve the problem of environmental pollution of household refuse landfill sites, promote the value of its land resource, accelerate
The ecological environment recovered and administer landfill yard, the present invention proposes the Coordination Treatment of refuse landfill.
One aspect of the Coordination Treatment according to refuse landfill, the present invention proposes a kind of pyrolysis-activation-burning-gas
Change all-in-one oven, including: fuel element；Pyrolytic gasification unit, utilize from fuel element smoke gas pyrolysis carbonization raw material with generate
Carbonated material and pyrolysis gas；Activation unit, utilizes the charcoal from pyrolytic gasification unit from the high-temperature vapor of fuel element
Formed material activates to produce activated carbon；And drying unit, it is dried the activated carbon from activation unit.
Favourable, the drying source of described drying unit includes the flue gas from fuel element.
Optionally, described pyrolytic gasification unit is arranged in the side of fuel element, described activation unit and described dry list
Unit is arranged on the opposite side of described fuel element, and described activation unit is positioned at the lower section of described drying unit.Further, institute
State fuel element and pass through sidewall at least one biography in described pyrolytic gasification unit, described activation unit and described drying unit
Pass heat.
Optionally, described pyrolytic gasification unit and described activation unit are arranged in the side of fuel element, described dry list
Unit is arranged on the opposite side of described fuel element, and described activation unit is positioned at the lower section of described pyrolytic gasification unit.Favourable,
Described fuel element passes through at least one in described pyrolytic gasification unit, described activation unit and described drying unit of sidewall
Transmission heat.
Optionally, it is provided with middle wind-distributing pipe in described pyrolytic gasification unit, middle wind-distributing pipe is provided with multiple opening,
It is passed in described middle wind-distributing pipe with the pyrolysis gas after fuel element high-temperature flue gas heat exchange or landfill gas；Carbonization raw material is from described
The bottom of pyrolytic gasification unit or bottom are transported in described activation unit.
Favourable, pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven also includes pyrolysis gas loop, will produce from pyrolytic gasification unit
Partial thermal decomposition gas and air mixed combustion after be incorporated in pyrolytic gasification unit.
Optionally, the flue gas from fuel element is passed in described drying unit after udst separation.
Optionally, pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven also includes drawing at least part of landfill gas of refuse landfill
Enter in fuel element the landfill gas displacement introduction pipeline of burning.
Optionally, pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven also includes drawing at least part of landfill gas of refuse landfill
The landfill gas reformation introduction pipeline entered in activation unit.
Optionally, above pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven also includes the separation that neighbouring described drying unit is arranged
Unit, is granular active carbon and the Powdered Activated Carbon carrying in flue gas by dried Activated carbon separation.
Another aspect of Coordination Treatment according to refuse landfill, the present invention proposes at a kind of refuse landfill coordination
Reason system, including: above-mentioned pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven, it includes above-mentioned separative element；Moving bed water purification cartridge
Putting, the granular active carbon separated in separative element enters described moving bed purifier from top；Using activated carbon as fuel from
Moving bed purifier bottom is transported to the transport path of fuel element.
Optionally, described transport path include remove from moving bed purifier out absorption pollutant activated carbon
In the filter of moisture.
Optionally, described transport path is provided with offer from the steam in activation unit with go to fuel element
The heat exchanger of the heat exchange between the activated carbon of absorption pollutant.
Optionally, described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: mixing arrangement, connect described transport path with
Between the burner hearth of described fuel element；Air described mixes dress through being passed through with the rear portion of the flue gas heat exchange from burner hearth
Putting, another part is passed directly into the burner hearth of fuel element from the bottom of fuel element.
Optionally, other fuel is passed in described mixing arrangement.Described other fuel can include from fuel element
Flue gas in isolated uncombusted granule and/or the landfill gas of refuse landfill.
Favourable, described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: the energy being positioned in described refuse landfill is planted
Thing growing area, utilizes energy-source plant as described carbonization raw material.Described energy-source plant can include Semen sojae atricolor, Helianthi or Semen Ricini.
Favourable, described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: Ash water device, in the future spontaneous combustion unit
Ash water is to described energy-source plant growing area.
Favourable, described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: gas purification units, utilizes and obtains from drying unit
The landfill gas of the active carbon purifying refuse landfill obtained and/or the pyrolysis gas of acquisition.
Favourable, described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: synthesizer, for utilizing active carbon purifying
After pyrolysis gas synthesis.
Favourable, above refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system may also include that leachate equalization basin, from garbage loading embeading
The percolate of field is contained in described leachate equalization basin；And the percolate in described leachate equalization basin is introduced in described shifting
The bottom of movable bed purifier, the percolate after process is drawn from the top of described moving bed purifier as water purification.Enter one
Step, it is provided with evaporation pipeline in the burner hearth of described fuel element, described evaporation pipeline provides the high temperature of described activation unit
Steam；Being passed at least partially described evaporation pipeline of the water purification drawn from the top of described moving bed purifier.
The Powdered Activated Carbon separated from separative element can be passed into flue gas described leachate equalization basin or ammonia-nitrogen desorption equipment.
Steam from activation unit can be passed in described leachate equalization basin or ammonia nitrogen stripping apparatus.
Another aspect of Coordination Treatment according to refuse landfill, the present invention proposes a kind of activated carbon manufacture method,
Including: heat produces step: the fuel that burns in fuel element is to produce heat；Pyrolytic gasification step: utilize spontaneous combustion list
The heat of unit in pyrolytic gasification unit pyrolysis charring raw material to generate carbonated material and pyrolysis gas；Activation step: by carbonization material
Material is placed in activation unit, and is passed through high-temperature vapor in activation unit to produce activated carbon, described high-temperature vapor by
Described fuel element generates；And drying steps: utilize the activated carbon of the flue gas drying production from fuel element.
Favourable, described heat produces step and is included in the landfill gas of combustion refuse landfill yard in fuel element.
Favourable, described activation step includes being passed into the landfill gas from refuse landfill with high-temperature vapor simultaneously
In activation unit.
Favourable, further comprise the steps of: and utilize dried activated carbon to process pollutant；And by the work after process pollutant
Property charcoal is placed in described fuel element as fuel.Further, described pollutant are the percolate of refuse landfill and/or fill out
Bury gas.
Favourable also includes carbonization raw material generation step: utilize the land resource plantation energy-source plant of refuse landfill, profit
With described energy-source plant as described carbonization raw material.Described energy-source plant can include Semen sojae atricolor, Helianthi or Semen Ricini.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above and other purpose of the present invention and advantage concrete by from preferred embodiment below when combining accompanying drawing and learning
Embodiment becomes more fully apparent and presents, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the principle of the refuse landfill Coordination Treatment technology of the exemplary illustration present invention；
Fig. 2 is the material in the refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system of the exemplary illustration present invention and the signal of energy flow process
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, its
In show a kind of structure of pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of another exemplary embodiment refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system according to the present invention, its
In show the another kind of structure of pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven；
Fig. 5 is the pyrolysis-work in the refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system according to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention
The workflow schematic diagram of change-burning-gasification all-in-one oven；And
Fig. 6 is to schematically illustrate the view coupled between combustion process with activated carbon manufacture process.
Detailed description of the invention
Although the present invention will be fully described with reference to the accompanying drawing containing presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but it is described herein and before should
Understand those of ordinary skill in the art and can revise invention described herein, obtain the technique effect of the present invention simultaneously.Cause
This, it should be understood that above description is one to disclose widely for those of ordinary skill in the art, and its content does not lies in limit
Make exemplary embodiment described in the invention.
The pollution problem of percolate Yu landfill gas in order to effectively solve city life garbage landfill, makes full use of landfill
Field land resource, the present invention proposes " system coordination treatment technology ", and its main technological route is as follows:
1. utilizing landfill yard land resource to plant energy-source plant, fruit can be machined directly to chemicals or bio-fuel；
2. a large amount of straws utilizing energy-source plant produce the different brackets activated carbon that water processes, and the lime-ash of generation is as fertilizer
Material returns to soil；
3. utilizing substantial amounts of activated carbon to process the percolate of landfill yard, after percolate processes, water purification is used for synthesis technique, training
Support microalgae or irrigation；
4. water processes the activated carbon combustion gasification after using, and provides heat for producing activated carbon, and supplements for synthesis technique
Synthesis gas, steam；
5. the synthesis gas that activated carbon changes into merges the landfill gas after purifying and is restructured as synthesis gas, produces bio-fuel.
Biomass technology, green technology, energy technology organic combination are integrated by this technique, material, energy, group in system
Divide and realize homeostasis, by the system coordination of refuse landfill land resource, percolate, landfill gas is processed, it is achieved rubbish
The soil of landfill yard, percolate, the degree of depthization comprehensive utilization of landfill gas resource, upgrade to refuse landfill in the high-end energy
The heart, cardinal principle is as shown in Figure 1.Cardinal principle is+one tie of three main clues, it is achieved that system coordination is integrated.
Three main clues:
(1) based on land resource, plantation is suitable for the energy-source plant of landfill yard, and energy-source plant itself has implemented biological solid
Carbon, biological nitrogen fixation, enriching heavy metal etc. act on, and accelerate landfill yard and the Improvement of Ecological Environment of periphery.Fruit can be directly used for adding
Work bio-fuel.Straw passes through storage, natural drying process, stripping and slicing, the dried of pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven
Etc. flow process, processing raw material and fuel as activated carbon.
(2) utilizing activated carbon to process percolate, activated carbon can be in the conventional pretreatment of percolate treating process, advanced treating
Middle use, absorption hardly degraded organic substance, ammonia nitrogen, heavy metal etc., it can also be used to biological treatment, form biological activated carbon, after process
Percolate be up to process water standard, both can irrigate, cultivating microalgae or directly discharge, it is also possible to for bio-fuel
Synthesis technique.The flow process processing percolate preferably can be divided into three steps: 1. by direct for the haydite of generation in Activated Carbon Production flow process
For preprocessing process, oil removal, floating thing and partial organic substances, pretreated percolate is gone to be passed into percolate regulation
Pond；2. Powdered Activated Carbon is directly entered leachate equalization basin with flue gas, steam, can realize deodorization, decolour, adsorb a huge sum of money
Genus, refractory organic, can realize again the removing of ammonia nitrogen, the advantage taking full advantage of stripping and steam stripping technique, simultaneously
Avoid the consumption of energy；3. granular active carbon is directly entered purifier moving bed water treatment facilities, it is achieved to coming
From the deep purifying efficiently of the percolate of leachate equalization basin.Activated carbon after absorption is polluted in above-mentioned 3 steps, through de-
Water, dried, pyrolysis-activation will be returned as fuel and burn-gasify all-in-one oven.
(3) a kind of flow process of utilization of LFG is: first part landfill gas is used as pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven
Fuel, replace with pyrolysis gas；Secondly because landfill gas is rich in methane and carbon dioxide, carbon containing ratio is higher, and is pyrolyzed
The hydrogeneous ratio of gas is high, and by both, by synthesizing after clean unit, reformer unit, C/Hratio is adjustable and the suitable synthesis gas of ratio；
Finally utilize synthesis unit synthesising biological fuel, both can utilize the direct preparing biological diesel oil of F-T synthesis, it is possible to by synthesis gas
First it is catalytically conveted to methanol, by bio-fuel and the chemicals in methanol-fueled CLC downstream, such as dimethyl ether synthesis (DME), ethanol,
Polymethoxy dimethyl ether (DMM3-8), in technical process produce waste water, waste gas can be with percolate merging treatment.It addition, landfill gas
The another kind of flow process utilized can select to replace landfill gas maximum with pyrolysis gas, owing to pyrolysis gas impurity content is few,
Hydrogen component is high, calorific value is high, it is possible to use the pyrolysis gas displaced carries out high-efficiency power generation.
One tie:
Pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification the all-in-one oven producing activated carbon is the core of whole system.Body of heater is divided into four lists
Unit: fuel element, pyrolytic gasification unit, activation unit and dry (separation) unit.
Fuel element produces heat by burning landfill gas, the activated carbon of absorption pollutant and abandoned biomass or brown coal etc.
With high-temperature steam, high-temperature flue gas, provide high-temperature flue gas and heat to pyrolytic gasification unit, provide high-temperature water vapor to activation unit
With heat, provide flue gas and heat to dry separative element.Before landfill gas, discarded activated carbon enter fuel element with biomass,
Heat exchange will be carried out with partial fume, and promote the temperature of fuel, lower the moisture content of fuel；Same air enter fuel element also with
Flue gas heat exchange, promotes its temperature.Producing flue gas after burning and enter other unit through purification, dedusting, the lime-ash of generation can be used for
The soil improvement of landfill yard or leachate pretreatment.Fuel element can use ciculation fluidized bed structure, and section of burner hearth is rectangle, interior
Portion's sidewall arranges superheated steam generator, produces high-temperature water vapor needed for activation unit, is provided with cyclone separator, changes outside it
Hot device, dedusting and purifying device etc..The fuel of fuel element includes granular active carbon, the activated carbon mud after water processes, fills out
Bury gas, biomass, domestic waste, coal etc., produce the water of steam from percolate water purification after advanced treating.Burning is single
The flue gas that unit produces by after cyclone separator with fuel and air heat-exchange, udst separation after heat exchange, be finally passed through percolate and adjust
Joint pond, lime-ash can return to landfill yard.
Pyrolytic gasification unit is used for pyrolysis and the gasification of the raw material such as biomass or brown coal, produces the pyrolysis gas of high hydrogen content.
Pyrolytic gasification unit is produced by after landfill gas and pyrolysis gas and the high-temperature flue gas of fuel element and partially combusted pyrolysis gas heat exchange
High-temperature gas as gas heat carrier, pyrolysis feed is implemented the controlled quick heating of oxygen-free environment, it is achieved pyrolysis feed
Efficiently carbonization.The layout of the internal raw material of range site and the coordination of air intake passage, pyrolysis gas realizes Partial cleansing inside unit,
Reduce the generation of tar ingredients.After pyrolysis gas is extracted out, after active carbon purifying processes, part is passed through air and carries out part combustion
Burning, promote temperature pyrolysis fuel oil component further and provide high-temperature flue gas for pyrolytic gasification unit, part high-temperature hot is vented one's spleen
Returning pyrolytic gasification unit, another part high-temperature hot is vented one's spleen and is entered the synthesis unit of bio-fuel, directly inputs for reforming process
Heat and hydrogeneous component, or high-temperature hot is vented one's spleen with pyrolysis feed heat exchange after, be directly used in generating.Pyrolytic gasification unit can use
Moving bed structure, is isolated into cloth in the middle of the dry passage communicated up and down, passage by fire-resistant heat-storing material in the horizontal direction if internal
Put ventilation duct, such as the pyrolysis gas after pipeline in the middle of pyrolytic gasification unit in Fig. 3-4, with fuel element high-temperature flue gas heat exchange or fill out
Bury gas and provide heat by ventilation duct and pyrolytic gasification unit bottom for carbonization raw material, and blow Flow of Goods and Materials, prevent caking.With
Time, heat, by its sidewall and pyrolytic gasification unit inner passage dividing wall, is conducted to thing with the form of heat conduction by fuel element
Material.Carbonization raw material is fed by top, by heating material after carbonization is formed on bottom, provides activation required thing for activation unit
Material.The pyrolysis gas that carbonization process produces is extracted out by top, and after purifying, major part is delivered to synthesis technique with synthesis gas form
Unit (or synthesizer) or generating, pass through ventilation duct and pyrolytic gasification list after remainder and fuel element high-temperature flue gas heat exchange
Unit's bottom-heated carbonization raw material.
Activation unit is for activating through pyrolysis charring material.High-temperature water vapor that fuel element produces and heat is utilized to live
Changing carbonated material, the activated carbon produced after process enters and is dried separative element.The discarded high-temperature vapor that processing procedure produces contains
Have Powdered Activated Carbon, through with the fuel heat exchange of fuel element after, be passed through in leachate equalization basin and/or ammonia nitrogen stripping apparatus,
The stripping of ammonia nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen absorption in percolate.Activation unit can use fixed-bed structure, an activation institute calorific requirement part
Being thered is provided by the sidewall of fuel element, a part is provided by high-temperature vapor.Material after carbonization is entered by pyrolytic gasification unit bottom
Entering activation unit, high-temperature water vapor is expelled to percolate by bottom inflow, the steam after using with amount of powder activated carbon
Regulating reservoir and ammonia nitrogen stripping apparatus, the activated carbon after activation is promoted to separate drying unit.
It is dried separative element be used for dry activated carbon and isolate Powdered Activated Carbon and granular active carbon.It is dried separative element
Using circulating fluidized bed technique, the flue gas utilizing fuel element to produce carries out dry place in various degree to needles of various sizes activated carbon
Reason.Activated carbon isolates Powdered Activated Carbon and granular active carbon in cyclone separator, and wherein Powdered Activated Carbon enters with flue gas
In leachate equalization basin and/or ammonia-nitrogen desorption equipment, stripping ammonia nitrogen and Adsorption of Heavy Metals, hardly degraded organic substance etc.；And granule is lived
Property charcoal enter storage tank, by buffering and the regulation and control of storage tank, enter the moving bed clean unit of percolate advanced treating.Separate and be dried
Cyclone separator can be arranged in unit rear portion.Being dried institute's calorific requirement part to be provided by the sidewall of fuel element, a part is by purifying
Flue gas after dedusting provides.Flue gas is by bottom gas-feeding, and activated carbon is from bottom feed.Through the separation of cyclone separator, powder is lived
Property charcoal discharge with flue gas after be passed through leachate equalization basin, bulky grain activated carbon returns and separates bottom drying unit, and remaining enters work
Property charcoal storage tank.
As shown in Figure 5, pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven is processed by systematic collaboration, is produced by energy-source plant
Biomass transferred the modifying agent into soil to, by water up to standard for leachate purification or synthesis technique water, landfill gas is replaced as
Cleaning, high heating value, the pyrolysis gas of high hydrogen content, inside realizes homeostasis and the cascade utilization of energy, and component is recombinated,
It is suitable for Deep to utilize, provides the unstripped gas of high value for synthesis technique or generating.Simultaneously because whole process with
Activated carbon is carrier, and overall process is physical treatment course, it is achieved that the removing completely of pollutant, the amounts of activated carbon produced in system
Big and renewable, it is possible to ensure the Effec-tive Function of system.
Pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven main purpose is to be prepared the coupling of two flow processs by burning and activated carbon
Close, it is achieved the pollutant that will be enriched in energy transfer the fuel of cleaning to, realize the improvement to pollutant simultaneously.
Burning flow process includes that landfill gas (part), discarded activated carbon, biomass, rubbish, brown coal etc. are low-grade or contain pollution
The burning of the fuel of thing, it is provided that heat and high-temperature steam, fume afterheat realizes cascade utilization, finally realizes gas cleaning and solid-state
The innoxious use of residue.
Activated carbon preparation flow includes being pyrolyzed the activated carbon after activated biomass produces activated carbon or regeneration use, will simultaneously
During landfill gas introduces pyrolysis activation process after purification, merge with pyrolysis and be restructured as synthesis gas.
Above-mentioned two flow process coupled relation as shown in Figure 6, is simultaneously achieved landfill gas reformation and is replaced into synthesis gas, and reformation is put
The dominant mechanism changed includes two aspects:
Replacement mechanism: by burning landfill gas, provide heat for pyrolysis activation flow process, the pyrolysis gas that biomass pyrolytic produces
Rich in CO and H2, it is achieved that direct replacement.
Reformation mechanism: in pyrolysis activation flow process, is passed through landfill gas and high-temperature water vapor in activation raw material, with work simultaneously
Property charcoal, powdered carbon etc. are catalyst, are synthesis gas by methane reforming in landfill gas, and with the CO of high-temperature vapor Yu landfill gas2For
Activator, removes the deposition charcoal on activated carbon, keeps the activity with enhancement activated carbon.
Based on above content, as shown in Figure 2, the present invention proposes a kind of pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven, bag
Include: fuel element；Pyrolytic gasification unit, utilizes the smoke gas pyrolysis carbonization raw material from fuel element to generate carbonated material and heat
Vent one's spleen；Activation unit, utilize from fuel element high-temperature vapor by from pyrolytic gasification unit carbonated material activate with
Produce activated carbon；And drying unit, it is dried the activated carbon from activation unit.Favourable, the dry heat of described drying unit
Source includes the flue gas from fuel element.
Optionally, as shown in Figure 3, described pyrolytic gasification unit is arranged in the side of fuel element, described activation unit
With the opposite side that described drying unit is arranged on described fuel element, and described activation unit is positioned under described drying unit
Side.Further, described fuel element passes through sidewall to described pyrolytic gasification unit, described activation unit and described drying unit
In at least one transmission heat.In figure 3, although not shown, but be available with refuse landfill landfill gas will pyrolysis
The carbonated material that gasification unit bottom is discharged is blown in activation unit, in activation unit, as referred to below, and Ke Yire
Vent one's spleen, landfill gas can be restructured as synthesis gas.
Optionally, as shown in Figure 4, described pyrolytic gasification unit and described activation unit are arranged in the one of fuel element
Side, described drying unit is arranged on the opposite side of described fuel element, and described activation unit is positioned at described pyrolytic gasification unit
Lower section.Favourable, described fuel element passes through sidewall to described pyrolytic gasification unit, described activation unit and described dry list
At least one transmission heat in unit.In the diagram, it is single that the carbonated material that pyrolytic gasification unit bottom is discharged enters directly into activation
In unit, in activation unit, as referred to below, synthesis gas can be restructured as with pyrolysis gas, landfill gas.
Optionally, it is provided with middle wind-distributing pipe in described pyrolytic gasification unit, middle wind-distributing pipe is provided with multiple opening,
It is passed in described middle wind-distributing pipe with the pyrolysis gas after fuel element high-temperature flue gas heat exchange or landfill gas；Carbonization raw material is from described
The bottom of pyrolytic gasification unit or bottom are transported in described activation unit.
Favourable, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven also includes pyrolysis gas loop, will be from
It is incorporated in pyrolytic gasification unit after the partial thermal decomposition gas that pyrolytic gasification unit produces and air mixed combustion.
Optionally, as shown in Figure 4, the flue gas from fuel element is passed into described drying unit after udst separation
In.
Optionally, pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven also includes drawing at least part of landfill gas of refuse landfill
Enter in fuel element the landfill gas displacement introduction pipeline of burning.
Optionally, pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven also includes drawing at least part of landfill gas of refuse landfill
The landfill gas reformation introduction pipeline entered in activation unit.
Optionally, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, above pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven also includes neighbouring described dry
The separative element that unit is arranged, is granular active carbon and the powder activity carrying in flue gas by dried Activated carbon separation
Charcoal.
Another aspect of Coordination Treatment according to refuse landfill, the present invention proposes at a kind of refuse landfill coordination
Reason system, as seen in figs. 2-5, this system includes: above-mentioned pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven, it includes above-mentioned
Separative element；Moving bed purifier (water purification tower), the granular active carbon separated in separative element enters described movement from top
Bed water purification device；Activated carbon is transported to as fuel from moving bed purifier bottom the transport path of fuel element.
Optionally, described transport path include remove from moving bed purifier out absorption pollutant activated carbon
In the filter of moisture.
Optionally, described transport path is provided with offer from the steam in activation unit with go to fuel element
The heat exchanger of the heat exchange between the activated carbon of absorption pollutant.
Optionally, described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: mixing arrangement, connect described transport path with
Between the burner hearth of described fuel element；Air described mixes dress through being passed through with the rear portion of the flue gas heat exchange from burner hearth
Putting, another part is passed directly into the burner hearth of fuel element from the bottom of fuel element.
Optionally, other fuel is passed in described mixing arrangement.Described other fuel can include from fuel element
Flue gas in isolated uncombusted granule and/or the landfill gas of refuse landfill.
Favourable, described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: the energy being positioned in described refuse landfill is planted
Thing growing area, utilizes energy-source plant as described carbonization raw material.Described energy-source plant can include Semen sojae atricolor, Helianthi or Semen Ricini.
Favourable, described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: Ash water device, in the future spontaneous combustion unit
Ash water is to described energy-source plant growing area.
Favourable, described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: gas purification units, utilizes and obtains from drying unit
The landfill gas of the active carbon purifying refuse landfill obtained and/or the pyrolysis gas of acquisition.
Favourable, described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: synthesizer, for utilizing active carbon purifying
After pyrolysis gas synthesis.
Favourable, above refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system may also include that leachate equalization basin, from garbage loading embeading
The percolate of field is contained in described leachate equalization basin；And the percolate in described leachate equalization basin is introduced in described shifting
The bottom of movable bed purifier, the percolate after process is drawn from the top of described moving bed purifier as water purification.Enter one
Step, it is provided with evaporation pipeline in the burner hearth of described fuel element, described evaporation pipeline provides the high temperature of described activation unit
Steam；Being passed at least partially described evaporation pipeline of the water purification drawn from the top of described moving bed purifier.
The Powdered Activated Carbon separated from separative element can be passed into flue gas described leachate equalization basin or ammonia-nitrogen desorption equipment.
Steam from activation unit can be passed in described leachate equalization basin or ammonia nitrogen stripping apparatus.
Another aspect of Coordination Treatment according to refuse landfill, the present invention proposes a kind of activated carbon manufacture method,
Including: heat produces step: the fuel that burns in fuel element is to produce heat；Pyrolytic gasification step: utilize spontaneous combustion list
The heat of unit in pyrolytic gasification unit pyrolysis charring raw material to generate carbonated material and pyrolysis gas；Activation step: by carbonization material
Material is placed in activation unit, and is passed through high-temperature vapor in activation unit to produce activated carbon, described high-temperature vapor by
Described fuel element generates；And drying steps: utilize the activated carbon of the flue gas drying production from fuel element.
Favourable, described heat produces step and is included in the landfill gas of combustion refuse landfill yard in fuel element.
Favourable, described activation step includes being passed into the landfill gas from refuse landfill with high-temperature vapor simultaneously
In activation unit.
Favourable, further comprise the steps of: and utilize dried activated carbon to process pollutant；And by the work after process pollutant
Property charcoal is placed in described fuel element as fuel.Further, described pollutant are the percolate of refuse landfill and/or fill out
Bury gas.
Favourable also includes carbonization raw material generation step: utilize the land resource plantation energy-source plant of refuse landfill, profit
With described energy-source plant as described carbonization raw material.Described energy-source plant can include Semen sojae atricolor, Helianthi or Semen Ricini.
In the present invention, pyrolysis activation combustion gasification all-in-one oven, owing to using the mentality of designing of integration, is respectively adopted and follows
The technology such as ring fluid bed, moving bed, fixed bed, therefore define fuel and adaptability to raw material is strong, energy consumption is low, operating environment peace
Entirely, the following features such as easy-regulating, pollutant negative emission, low cost.
1. fuel element is integrated with pyrolytic gasification unit, activation unit and dry separative element, decreases burning single
The thermal losses of unit, it is ensured that heat can effectively be transported to other three unit needing heat.
2. using substep multi-stage heat exchanger, the fuel that waste heat is fuel element making full use of flue gas and steam adds with air
Heat, it is ensured that the Effec-tive Function of total system.
3. the waste heat entrained by the output object of whole system is required by subsequent technique, and the heat such as synthesis gas self will be protected
Card synthesis technique or generating institute calorific requirement, the steam waste heat of activation unit, for the stripping of percolate NH_3-N treating, is dried and divides
Fume afterheat from unit is used for the stripping of percolate NH_3-N treating.
4. activated carbon achieves classified utilization, and Powdered Activated Carbon is for removal of ammonia and nitrogen, Adsorption of Heavy Metals and difficult for biological degradation
Organic substance, granular active carbon purifies for percolate deep purifying and pyrolysis gas, and activated carbon after using is the most renewable also can be made
For fuel, it is ensured that the energy of system and material balance.
5. due in system activated carbon as pollutant removing carrier, and Powdered Activated Carbon to use environment to be easily generated dust dirty
Dye, therefore exposes use and can produce harm.And the operating environment of activated carbon is that overall process is closed in native system, particularly powder
End activated carbon all uses air conveying, is directly entered percolate, does not produce artificial contact.
6. fuel element uses circulating fluidized bed technique, and fuel tolerance is very strong, including the activated carbon after using and
Mud, biomass, landfill gas, domestic waste, brown coal etc., it is possible to widely ensure the fuel source of system.
7. pyrolytic gasification unit can accept all kinds of raw material, including the activated carbon after using, biomass, brown coal, city life
Rubbish alive etc..
8. pyrolysis gas is high heating value and the high synthesis gas of hydrogen content, can replace with landfill gas, it is achieved energy grade
Promote and become the improvement being grouped into, providing cleaning, high-grade unstripped gas for synthesis technique or generating.
9., owing to there is not High relevancy between four unit of whole system, four unit all can be independent within the specific limits
Regulation and control, therefore the manipulation of system is easy, it is adaptable to the regulation of wide condition range.
10. system achieves the negative emission of pollutant, owing in pyrolysis activation combustion gasification all-in-one oven, activated carbon is diafiltration
Pollutant removing carrier in liquid, can realize deep purifying to the flue gas of percolate Yu discharge, and lime-ash will return landfill yard and use
In soil improvement.Therefore system does not produce the pollution of any gas-solid-liquid to outside, the most also can be to the water body of landfill yard periphery and gas
Body pollution thing carries out purified treatment.
The Expansion of 11. pyrolysis activation combustion gasification all-in-one ovens is compatible with function strong.It had both been adapted on a large scale
Percolate process, it is possible to use simplify the small-scale percolate of Structure adaptation process；Can generate electricity with landfill gas simultaneously, synthesize dress
Put and realize function joining, again can device for treating leachate compatibility existing with landfill yard.
12. pyrolysis activation combustion gasification all-in-one ovens use refractory material unitary construction to form, and simple in construction, material consumption are few
And low cost, the construction cost advantage of system is notable.
The fuel of 13. pyrolysis activation combustion gasification all-in-one ovens uses refuse landfill to gather materials on the spot with raw material, or uses low
The abandoned biomass of cost and brown coal, therefore its operating cost is the lowest.
Utilize technical scheme, at least can obtain one of following technique effect:
(1) achieve refuse landfill soil, percolate, the system integration process of landfill gas resource and Deep
Utilizing, thoroughly solving percolate cannot the clean process difficult problem of high-efficiency and economic.In prior art, because activated carbon cost is high, one
As all without its process percolate.But, the addition product during activated carbon is only whole system in the technique of the present invention with
, neither there is the impact of high cost in pollutant removing carrier, also can effectively be dissolved into existing percolate and process with biological
In fuel synthesis process, completely eliminate the problem of environmental pollution of percolate (particularly concentrated leachate).
(2) accelerate to improve the ecological environment of refuse landfill and periphery.By implant mass in refuse landfill
All kinds of energy-source plants, can meet view of beautifying the environment, be provided that again the raw material producing activated carbon, greatly reduce percolate
Processing cost.The more important thing is that combination utilizes the features such as the different biological sequestration of plant, biological nitrogen fixation, enriching heavy metals, it is achieved
Quickly reduce the hardly degraded organic substance in landfill yard, high ammonia nitrogen, the content of heavy metal, be conducive to accelerating to improve and recover landfill yard
Ecological environment.
(3) material in whole system, energy homeostasis, and the production equipment interoperability in technique is strong, with traditional coal
Chemical industry, the technology path of petrochemical industry are compared, and the unit cost such as its raw material, water, technical equipment is below traditional fossil energy work
Skill, therefore its final products bio-fuel contrast traditional fossil energy has the biggest cost advantage.With 2 square kilometres
Household refuse landfill sites exemplary cell as a example by, its produce per year biomass reach 4000 tons, as joint account march into the arena agricultural gardens discard
Biomass, yield, also by double, will produce enough activated carbon from activated sludges being used for water process；Percolate water yield every day simultaneously
Up to 400 tons, water resource is enriched, and can be used for synthesis technique provides water purification and steam, or the irrigation for energy-source plant, it is to avoid
Externally discharge；Annual landfill gas 1600 ten thousand stere that produces, the synthesis gas resource produced after merging gasification of biomass, will fully ensure that
Produce ten thousand tons of bio-fuels per year.
(4) this technological development bio-fuel based on rubbish landfill gas synthetic technology, so can make up rapidly China and exist
Huge breach in bio-fuel supply.
(5) really realize methane, the reduction of discharging of carbon dioxide isothermal chamber gas, reach biological sequestration purpose.
After describing presently preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art can be apparent from,
Protection domain without departing from appended claims can carry out various change and change under spirit.
Claims (13)
1. a refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system, including:
Pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven, pyrolysis-activation-burning-gasification all-in-one oven includes: fuel element；Pyrolytic gasification
Unit, utilizes the smoke gas pyrolysis carbonization raw material from fuel element to generate carbonated material and pyrolysis gas；Activation unit, utilizes
Carbonated material from pyrolytic gasification unit is activated to produce activated carbon by the high-temperature vapor of spontaneous combustion unit；Drying unit,
It is dried the activated carbon from activation unit；Separative element, neighbouring described drying unit is arranged, and by dried Activated carbon separation is
Granular active carbon and carry the Powdered Activated Carbon in flue gas；
Moving bed purifier, the granular active carbon separated in separative element enters described moving bed purifier from top；
Activated carbon is transported to as fuel from moving bed purifier bottom the transport path of fuel element；
Wherein, described transport path is provided with provides from the steam in activation unit and to go to the absorption of fuel element dirty
The heat exchanger of the heat exchange between the activated carbon of dye thing；
Described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: mixing arrangement, connects at described transport path single with described burning
Between the burner hearth of unit；
Air is through being passed through described mixing arrangement with the rear portion of the flue gas heat exchange from burner hearth, and another part is from fuel element
Bottom be passed directly into the burner hearth of fuel element.
Refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system the most according to claim 1, wherein:
Described transport path includes removing the moisture from the activated carbon of moving bed purifier absorption pollutant out
Filter.
Refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system the most according to claim 1, wherein:
Other fuel is passed in described mixing arrangement.
Refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system the most according to claim 3, wherein:
Described other fuel includes filling out of from the flue gas of fuel element isolated uncombusted granule and/or refuse landfill
Bury gas.
Refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system the most according to claim 1, also includes:
The energy-source plant growing area being positioned in described refuse landfill, utilizes energy-source plant as described carbonization raw material.
Refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system the most according to claim 5, wherein:
Described energy-source plant includes Semen sojae atricolor, Helianthi or Semen Ricini.
Refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system the most according to claim 5, also includes:
Ash water device, the Ash water of spontaneous combustion unit is to described energy-source plant growing area in the future.
Refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system the most according to claim 5, also includes:
Gas purification units, utilizes the landfill gas of the active carbon purifying refuse landfill obtained from drying unit and/or obtains
Pyrolysis gas.
Refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system the most according to claim 8, also includes:
Synthesizer, the pyrolysis gas after utilizing active carbon purifying synthesizes.
10. according to the refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system according to any one of claim 1-9, wherein:
Described refuse landfill Coordination Treatment system also includes: leachate equalization basin, and the percolate from refuse landfill accommodates
In described leachate equalization basin；
Percolate in described leachate equalization basin is introduced in the bottom of described moving bed purifier, the percolate after process
Draw from the top of described moving bed purifier as water purification.
11. refuse landfill Coordination Treatment systems according to claim 10, wherein:
Being provided with evaporation pipeline in the burner hearth of described fuel element, described evaporation pipeline provides the high-temperature water of described activation unit
Steam；
Being passed at least partially described evaporation pipeline of the water purification drawn from the top of described moving bed purifier.
12. refuse landfill Coordination Treatment systems according to claim 11, wherein:
The Powdered Activated Carbon separated from separative element is passed into described leachate equalization basin or ammonia-nitrogen desorption equipment with flue gas
In.
13. refuse landfill Coordination Treatment systems according to claim 11, wherein:
Steam from activation unit is passed in described leachate equalization basin or ammonia nitrogen stripping apparatus.
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| CN104789236B (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2017-04-12 | 吴植仁 | Internal-combustion type biomass particle material drying, carbonizing and activating integrated furnace |
| CN105013802A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-11-04 | 江门绿润环保科技有限公司 | Organic solid waste high-temperature carbonization and drying system with waste heat utilization device |
| CN106247342A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2016-12-21 | 上海垒锦环境科技中心 | Coal and house refuse coupling combustion system |
| CN106500515A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-03-15 | 中石化炼化工程（集团）股份有限公司 | A kind of energy-conserving and environment-protective heating means of heating furnace and system |
| CN106698424A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-24 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | System and method for rotary pyrolysis treatment of domestic sludge |
| CN107473303B (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2020-12-29 | 北京姚魏环保技术有限公司 | Leachate zero-discharge collaborative ultralow system and method based on waste incineration power generation |
| CN107586550B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2020-05-19 | 大连理工大学 | Device and method for preparing high-quality pyrolysis gas and activated carbon by self-cleaning gasification-pyrolysis coupling activation of organic matters |
| CN108640386A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-12 | 源创环境科技有限公司 | A kind of low-concentration methane gas recycling of refuse landfill is in processing permeated liquid system |
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| CN101585535A (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2009-11-25 | 青岛大学 | The preparation facilities of residual energy reclaiming type biomass granular activated carbon |
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