CN104221662A - Potato-spring corn-cabbage triple-cropping type high-yield and high-efficiency planting technology - Google Patents
Potato-spring corn-cabbage triple-cropping type high-yield and high-efficiency planting technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN104221662A CN104221662A CN201410417778.2A CN201410417778A CN104221662A CN 104221662 A CN104221662 A CN 104221662A CN 201410417778 A CN201410417778 A CN 201410417778A CN 104221662 A CN104221662 A CN 104221662A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a potato-spring corn-cabbage triple-cropping type high-yield and high-efficiency planting technology. The planting technology is characterized by comprising the following steps of using the intercropping and interplanting of a 180cm planting combination, and sowing the potato in the 120cm-sowing width in the middle part of the combination in early-middle January; after sowing, covering a ground film, and building an arch greenhouse; according to the condition of seedling, applying a fertilizer, and harvesting in late April; reserving 30cm-width parts respectively at the two sides of the combination for the double-row film covering and sowing of spring corn in early April; after sowing, covering the ground film, and timely breaking the film for the seedling to grow out after the seedlings germinate; harvesting in early August; sowing the cabbage seeds and culturing the seedling in middle-late August, arranging a 150m<2> seedling bed in the crop field per hectare, and sowing 450-600k of seeds into the crop field per hectare; planting the crop seedlings into the 180cm sowing width of the combination from the end of August to the beginning of September; applying a base fertilizer 25-30 days before planting, applying a root extending fertilizer in the core forming period, and applying a core growth fertilizer from the extending period to the core growth period; harvesting in middle-late November.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to potato, spring corn, growth of Chinese cabbage technology, particularly relate to
potato-spring corn-Chinese cabbage triple-cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology.
Background technology
Benefit of planting foods is relatively on the low side in recent years, and many places are for improving unit are added value, and constantly contracting grain expands warp, and foodstuff planting area constantly declines, and " rice-sack " security issues become increasingly urgent.Meanwhile, along with urbanization process development, outskirts of a town Vegetable produce ability progressively declines, and city " vegetable basket " supply pressure continues to increase.Increasingly sharpen at cultivated land occupancy, under the overall situation that land used contradiction is very outstanding, how to allow " rice-sack " more abundant, " vegetable basket " is abundanter, needs continuous reform and innovation in existing cropping pattern.The invention provides a kind of spring corn (grain) and potato, Chinese cabbage (vegetables) corresponding cultivation techniques, by contents such as the arrangement of reasonable combination density, fertilizer application, crops for rotation linkings, while guarantee grain-production, drive Development of Vegetable Industry, promote growth of agricultural efficiency and increasing peasant income.
Summary of the invention
Crops for rotation arrange
Adopt 180 centimetres to plant combination intercroppings, potato in January early and middle ten days be seeded in the middle of combination in the sown scope of 120 centimetres wide, late April gathers; Combination each 30 centimetres of both sides give over to duplicate rows mulch sowing spring corn at the beginning of 4 months, and early August gathers; Mid or late August Chinese cabbage seeding and seedling raising, be colonizated in the wide sown scope of combination 180 centimetres at the beginning of by the end of August to 9 month, mid or late November gathers.
Fruit variety
Potato selects ultrawhite, pale reddish brown white, special early 60 etc.; Spring corn is selected No. 19, Su Yu, No. 20, Su Yu, is stepped on No. 9, sea etc.; Chinese cabbage selects blue or green assorted No. 3 of improvement, 87-114 etc.
Potato sowing
Before sowing, soil ploughs 20 centimetres, the bedding of whole ground, furrow face width 180 centimetres, holds the inside and outside ditch in field successfully.Select without small holes caused by worms, without scab, potato seed that eye is many, prior to seeding 15 day ~ 20 day strippings and slicings of potato seed quality more than 100 grams, every block has 1 ~ 2 eyes, dry be placed on 15 DEG C ~ 18 DEG C Small plastic shed in carry out vernalization.Germination accelerating method first spreads one deck mulch film on the ground, and mulch film tiles one deck straw, then cover the mellow soil of 5 cm soil relative water contents 70% ~ 80%, is then upwards arranged in order by potato seed eye, sequences rear lid layer 2 cm thick sandy soil, overlay film.General January, early and middle ten days completed sowing, and the cold time in winter can suitably shift to an earlier date, and the warm winter can suitably postpone.Program request 5 row potato in the sown scope of middle 120 centimetres wide of combination, line-spacing 30 centimetres, cave is apart from 20 centimetres ~ 25 centimetres, and about per hectare 135000 cave, every bunch planting 1 piece, eye is sidelong in seed furrow.
Potato field management
After sowing terminates, covering with plastic film, takes shed.Shed is by 200 centimetres of bamboo chip fabrications, and canopy is wide about 3 meters.Sow first about 30 days basal dressings to plough, per hectare executes organic commercial fertilizer (total nutrient>=5%) 22500 kilograms ~ 30000 kilograms, and adding mass percent is 25%(N:P
2o
5: K
2o=8:8:9) composite fertilizer 750 kilograms.According to growth of cereal crop seedlings growing way, tiller initial stage per hectare imposes dung polluted water 7500 kilograms dilution 3 times ~ 5 times of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and adds 150 kilograms ~ 225 kilograms, urea and spreads manuer in holes.High 15 centimetres ~ 20 centimetres time combine topdress carry out 1 time intertillage and 1 artificial weeding, the visual field conditions of initial bloom stage carries out 1 artificial weeding again.Also can before after planting emerging per hectare mass percent be 50% Acetochlor 1200 milliliters be watered 500 kilograms and carry out closed weeding.Sow and generally do not need to take off canopy ventilation to emerging, when temperature of shed is higher than 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C after emerging, takes off canopy and lead to little wind; Knot potato phase canopy temperature of blooming keeps 18 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C.Potato late blight mass percent is that 64% Sandofan is watered 800 times of liquid sprayings; Mole cricket mass percent is that 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate is watered 500 times of liquid pouring roots; Grub mass percent is that 20% farmland pleasure is watered 1000 times ~ 1500 times liquid irrigating roots; Aphid mass percent is that 20% Imidacloprid is watered 1000 times of liquid sprayings.
Potato is gathered
The beginning in 40 days ~ 45 days of general late April potato Post flowering is gathered in batches.
Spring corn field management
At the beginning of 2 months, within the scope of each 30 centimetres of sown scopes in potato sown scope both sides, basal dressing is ploughed, and per hectare executes organic commercial fertilizer (total nutrient>=5%) 15000 kilograms, and adding mass percent is 40%(N:P
2o
5: K
2o=18:12:10) composite fertilizer 300 kilograms ~ 375 kilograms.Bunch planting at the beginning of 4 months, 2, every cave seed, spacing in the rows 20 centimetres ~ 25 centimetres, line-spacing 25 centimetres, every mu by kind 2.5 kilograms ~ 3 kilograms.Broadcast rear covering with plastic film, after emerging, timely rupture of membranes puts seedling.It is fertile that 5 leaf ~ 6 leaf phase to shooting stages executed strong bar jointing, and per hectare dung polluted water 15000 kilograms dilution 3 times ~ 5 times of becoming thoroughly decomposed, adds 150 kilograms, urea; Before hero taken out by corn, the typhon mouth phase executes ear manuer, and it is 45%(N:P that per hectare executes mass percent
2o
5: K
2o=15:15:15) composite fertilizer 225 kilograms ~ 300 kilograms, adds 150 kilograms ~ 225 kilograms, urea, from milpa base portion 20 centimetres ~ 25 centimeters ditch spread earthing in potato planting is capable.The relative water-holding capacity of corn growing season field soil remains on 70% ~ 80%.Corn stalk rot disease mass percent is that 70% thiophanate methyl is watered 800 times of liquid sprayings; Small brown rice planthopper mass percent is that 20% Imidacloprid is watered 1000 times of liquid sprayings; Mole cricket mass percent is that 40% phoxim is watered 800 times ~ 1000 times liquid irrigating roots; Grub mass percent is that 40% phoxim is watered 800 times ~ 1000 times liquid irrigating roots; Corn borer mass percent is that 10% Nong Likang is watered 1000 times of liquid filling hearts.
Spring corn is gathered
Corn capillament become brown dried-up, full seed, moisture moderate time gather.
Chinese cabbage is sowed
Bask seeds before sowing 1 day ~ 2 days, adopt 45 DEG C ~ 55 DEG C water seed soakings 30 minutes, and be 20% dish Feng Ling wetting powder or mass percent by mass percent be that the medicaments such as 50% carbendazim are dressed seed.Selection loosing soil is fertile, and well-drained field is as seedbed.Plough deeply ahead of time and shine pad, by the whole furrow of 120 centimetres ~ 150 cm width, furrow face is accomplished " thin, clean, flat, soft ", and decomposed manure 3 kilograms ~ 4 kilograms is executed in every square metre of furrow face, and adding mass percent is 40%(N:P
2o
5: K
2o=18:12:10) composite fertilizer 40 grams, makes clay fertilizer mix.The relative water-holding capacity 70% ~ 80% of nursery soil.General per hectare land for growing field crops needs standby 150 square metres, seedbed, and per hectare land for growing field crops, with planting 450 grams ~ 600 grams, is evenly sowed.
Chinese cabbage seedbed management
2 leaf 1 heart stages, carry out thinning, remove weak seedling, sick seedling, assorted seedling.Generally do not need seedling stage to topdress, keep soil moisture content 70% ~ 80%.4 leaf ~ 5 leaf phases, transplant during seedling age 18 days ~ 20 days.
Chinese cabbage field management
Soil ploughs 20 centimetres, whole furrow of raking, furrow face width 180 centimetres.Late August to September early and middle ten days transplant planting, spacing in the rows 45 centimetres ~ 50 centimetres, line-spacing 45 centimetres ~ 50 centimetres, per hectare plants 37500 strain ~ 45000 strains.Field planting first 25 days ~ 30 days basal dressings, per hectare executes organic commercial fertilizer (total nutrient>=5%) 22500 kilograms ~ 30000 kilograms, vegetable special compound fertilizer 750 kilograms; Rosette stage executes tiller fertilizer, and per hectare executes the dung polluted water 11250 kilograms ~ 15000 kilograms that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and adds 225 kilograms ~ 300 kilograms, urea; Heart fertilizer is filled with to filling with heart stage heavy dressing by group, and per hectare executes the dung polluted water 15000 kilograms ~ 22500 kilograms that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and adding mass percent is 40%(N:P
2o
5: K
2o=18:12:10) composite fertilizer 300 kilograms ~ 375 kilograms.Water in time after fertilising, after entering the rosette stage, keep soil moisture content 70% ~ 80%, frontly after entering the heading stage water water spacer for 2 times 4 days ~ 5 days, water water spacer 7 days later at every turn, gather in the crops and within first 14 days, stop watering.Intertill and clean tillage 2 times before envelope ridge, uproots 5 centimetres ~ 6 centimetres deeply when transplanting alive the 1st time; 2nd shallow hoe 3 centimetres before the rosette stage to envelope ridge.Chinese cabbage downy mildew mass percent is that 90% epidemic disease frost spirit is watered 800 times of liquid sprayings; Soft rot mass percent is that 20% soft rotten spirit is watered 600 times ~ 800 liquid sprayings; Virus disease mass percent is that 20% viral A is watered 800 times ~ 1000 times liquid sprayings; Aphid mass percent is that 20% Imidacloprid is watered 500 times of liquid sprayings; Prodenia litura mass percent is that 5% HEXAFLUMURON is watered 1500 times ~ 2000 times liquid sprayings; Grub mass percent is that 15% farmland pleasure is watered 1000 times ~ 1500 times liquid irrigating roots.
Chinese cabbage is gathered
Mid or late November starts to gather in batches.
Claims (9)
1. potato-spring corn-Chinese cabbage triple-cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology, is characterized in that this planting technology comprises following implementation step:
(1) adopt the intercropping combination of 180 centimetres of sown scopes, potato early and middle ten days in January is sowed, and spring corn was sowed at the beginning of 4 months, and Chinese cabbage mid or late August is sowed;
(2) preplanting treatment bedding is broadcast, furrow face width 180 centimetres, program request 5 row potato in 120 centimetres of sown scopes in the middle of furrow face, line-spacing 30 centimetres, cave distance 20 centimetres ~ 25 centimetres, 1 piece, every cave;
(3) vernalization will be carried out before potato sowing;
(4) late April starts to gather potato in batches;
(5) spring corn is in the capable outer bunch planting of potato planting, 2, every cave seed, spacing in the rows 20 centimetres ~ 25 centimetres, and line-spacing 25 cm, broadcasts rear covering with plastic film;
(6) spring corn filigree become brown dried-up, full seed, moisture moderate time gather;
(7) Chinese cabbage nursery does seedbed by the whole furrow of 120 centimetres ~ 150 cm width, and per hectare land for growing field crops needs 150 square metres of seedbeds, need with planting 450 grams ~ 600 grams;
(8) Chinese cabbage is by spacing in the rows 45 centimetres ~ 50 centimetres, line-spacing 45 centimetres ~ 50 centimetres transplant plantings;
(9) mid or late November starts to gather Chinese cabbage in batches.
2. potato-spring corn-Chinese cabbage triple-cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that planting potatos in 120 centimetres of sown scopes in the middle of above-mentioned plantation combination, late April gathers; Combination each 30 centimetres of both sides, mulch sowing duplicate rows spring corn, early August gathers; Be colonizated in combination 180 centimetres of sown scopes at the beginning of by the end of August to 9 month, mid or late November gathers.
3. potato-spring corn-Chinese cabbage triple-cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned potato germination accelerating method first spreads one deck mulch film on the ground, mulch film tiles one deck straw, cover the mellow soil of 5 centimetres of water content 70% ~ 80% again, potato seed eye is upwards arranged in order, sequences overlay film after rear lid layer 2 cm thick sandy soil.
4. potato-spring corn-Chinese cabbage triple-cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned potato combines when tiller initial stage height of seedling 15 centimetres ~ 20 centimetres to topdress and carry out 1 intertillage and 1 artificial weeding, initial bloom stage carries out 1 artificial weeding again depending on field conditions, also can after broadcasting before seedling per hectare mass percent be 50% Acetochlor 1200 milliliters be watered 500 kilograms and carry out closed weeding.
5. potato-spring corn-Chinese cabbage triple-cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned potato sowing does not generally need to take off canopy to emerging and ventilates, when after emerging, temperature of shed is higher than 20 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, take off canopy and lead to little wind, knot potato phase canopy temperature of blooming keeps 18 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C.
6. potato-spring corn-Chinese cabbage three high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology processed according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned spring corn 5 leaf ~ 6 leaf phase to the shooting stage executes strong bar jointing fertile, per hectare dung polluted water 15000 kilograms dilution 3 times ~ 5 times of becoming thoroughly decomposed, adds 150 kilograms, urea; Before hero taken out by corn, the typhon mouth phase uses ear manuer, and per hectare mass percent is 45%(N:P
2o
5: K
2o=15:15:15) composite fertilizer 225 kilograms ~ 300 kilograms, adds 150 kilograms ~ 225 kilograms, urea, from milpa base portion 20 centimetres ~ 25 centimeters ditch spread earthing.
7. potato-spring corn-Chinese cabbage triple-cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned Chinese cabbage is at field planting first 25 days ~ 30 days basal dressings, per hectare executes organic commercial fertilizer (total nutrient>=5%) 22500 kilograms ~ 30000 kilograms, vegetable special compound fertilizer 750 kilograms; Rosette stage executes tiller fertilizer, and per hectare executes the dung polluted water 11250 kilograms ~ 15000 kilograms that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and adds 225 kilograms ~ 300 kilograms, urea; Heart fertilizer is filled with to filling with heart stage heavy dressing by group, and per hectare executes the dung polluted water 15000 kilograms ~ 22500 kilograms that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and adds the 40%(N:P that mass percent is
2o
5: K
2o=18:12:10) composite fertilizer 300 kilograms ~ 375 kilograms.
8. potato-spring corn-Chinese cabbage triple-cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that above-mentioned Chinese cabbage keeps soil relative water content 70% ~ 80% after entering the rosette stage, entering the heading stage frontly waters water spacer for 2 times 4 days ~ 5 days, 1 water is watered at later interval for 7 days, gathers in the crops and within first 14 days, stops watering.
9. potato-spring corn-Chinese cabbage triple-cropping system high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation technology according to claim 1,2 intertill and clean tillages are carried out before it is characterized in that above-mentioned Chinese cabbage envelope ridge, transplanting a dark hoe 5 centimetres ~ 6 centimetres of living 1st time, the 2nd shallow hoe 3 centimetres before the rosette stage to envelope ridge.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105123254A (en) * | 2015-10-18 | 2015-12-09 | 西吉县马铃薯产业服务中心 | Multiple-cropping method of early-mature potato, celery and leafy vegetables in arched shed |
| CN105493879A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-04-20 | 安徽科技学院 | Planting pattern for wheat, fresh-eating maize and Chinese cabbage |
| CN105794434A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 姜汉军 | Culture method for interplanting garlic and potatoes |
| CN108124711A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-06-08 | 盛立国 | Receive crops combination implantation methods five to two one seasons four |
| CN108718957A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-02 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of potato, corn and rice crop rotation implantation methods |
-
2014
- 2014-08-25 CN CN201410417778.2A patent/CN104221662A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105794434A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 姜汉军 | Culture method for interplanting garlic and potatoes |
| CN105123254A (en) * | 2015-10-18 | 2015-12-09 | 西吉县马铃薯产业服务中心 | Multiple-cropping method of early-mature potato, celery and leafy vegetables in arched shed |
| CN105493879A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-04-20 | 安徽科技学院 | Planting pattern for wheat, fresh-eating maize and Chinese cabbage |
| CN108124711A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-06-08 | 盛立国 | Receive crops combination implantation methods five to two one seasons four |
| CN108124711B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-07-07 | 盛立国 | Five-proportion two-season four-harvest crop combined planting method |
| CN108718957A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-11-02 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of potato, corn and rice crop rotation implantation methods |
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Application publication date: 20141224 |