CN104218993A - Polarization-dependent loss and differential group delay controller - Google Patents
Polarization-dependent loss and differential group delay controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN104218993A CN104218993A CN201410404858.4A CN201410404858A CN104218993A CN 104218993 A CN104218993 A CN 104218993A CN 201410404858 A CN201410404858 A CN 201410404858A CN 104218993 A CN104218993 A CN 104218993A
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- compensating plate
- polarization separator
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Abstract
The invention provides a polarization-dependent loss and differential group delay controller which can control a PDL (polarization-dependent loss) parameter and a DGD (differential group delay) parameter and comprises an optical fiber collimator, a polarization separator, a fixed DGD compensating plate, a reflecting mirror with a PDL control function and an adjustable DGD compensating plate. The optical fiber collimator is used for converting incident light into collimation light, the polarization separator is used for decomposing the collimation light, which is transmitted into the polarization separator, into light o in a single polarization state and light e in a single polarization state, the fixed DGD compensating plate is arranged on an emergent optical path of the light o and is used for compensating optical path difference between the light o and the light e after the light o and the light e are transmitted through the polarization separator, the reflecting mirror is provided with reflecting surface patterns with variable reflecting areas and receives and reflects the light e and the light o, the light e is emergent from the polarization separator, the light o is emergent after being transmitted through the fixed DGD compensating plate, and the reflecting area of the light o or the light e which irradiates on the reflecting mirror can be changed when the reflecting mirror moves, so that the PDL parameter can be controlled; the DGD parameter can be controlled by the aid of the adjustable DGD compensating plate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical communication technique field, particularly a kind of Polarization Dependent Loss and Differential Group Delay controller.
Background technology
In optical communication system, raising along with transmission rate, the Differential Group Delay of light signal (Differential Group Delay is called for short DGD) and Polarization Dependent Loss (Polarization Dependent Loss is called for short PDL) will affect the normal performance of optical communication system.DGD mainly causes that two polarized components of light signal propagate with different speed, thereby makes pulse stretching, causes intersymbol interference.PDL will destroy the orthogonality of polarisation-multiplexed signal, strengthens the demodulation difficulty of polarisation-multiplexed signal.Correct assessment optical communication system is a significant job to the tolerance of PDL and two parameters of DGD, and this just needs to produce and can control the device of PDL and two parameters of DGD.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of Polarization Dependent Loss and Differential Group Delay controller, and object is to realize the control of PDL and these two parameters of DGD.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of Polarization Dependent Loss and Differential Group Delay controller, it is characterized in that, comprise optical fiber collimator, polarization separator, fixing DGD compensating plate and can realize the speculum that PDL controls, described optical fiber collimator is for being transformed into collimated light by incident light, described polarization separator is for being decomposed into the collimated light that enters polarization separator o light and the e light of single polarization state, described fixedly DGD compensating plate is arranged on the emitting light path of o light, for compensating o light after polarization separator and the optical path difference of e light, described speculum has the transformable reflecting surface figure of reflective surface area, receive and reflect from the e light of polarization separator outgoing with through the o light of outgoing after fixing DGD compensating plate, when speculum is moved, the o light or the e reflection of light area that make to be radiated on speculum change, thereby change single polarization state reflection power, realize the control of PDL parameter.
Also comprise adjustable DGD compensating plate, described adjustable DGD compensating plate be arranged on the emitting light path of e light or o light in the light path after fixing DGD compensating plate, by change, pass through the o light of polarization separator decomposition and the optical path difference of two polarization states of e light, realize the control of DGD parameter.
Described optical fiber collimator comprises incident collimater and outgoing collimater, described incident collimater receives incident ray, described outgoing collimater receives reflection ray, and described reflection ray returns to penetrate along the path that has an angle with incident ray and gets back in described outgoing collimater.
Described optical fiber collimator is that incident light and reverberation share collimater, and reflection ray returns along the path of incident ray to penetrate and gets back in described collimater; A circulator is set before described collimater, and 2. 1. incident ray enter in described collimater with the multiplexing end of transmitting-receiving by the input of described circulator, and 3. 2. reflection ray return to output with output by the multiplexing end of transmitting-receiving of described circulator.
Described polarization separator adopts double refraction single-shaft crystal material Yttrium Orthovanadate (YVO4).
Described fixedly DGD compensating plate material and thickness, determine according to formula M=L/n, wherein M is compensating plate thickness, and n is the refractive index of compensating plate material, and L is o light after polarization separator and the optical path difference of e light; When the thickness of described polarization separator is d, L=n
//d (1+tan
2β)
0.5-n
/d, wherein n
/for the refractive index of o light in polarization separator, n
//for the refractive index of e light in polarization separator, β is the o light angle separated with e light in polarization separator.
Described adjustable DGD compensating plate adopts the adjustable adjustable piezoelectric ceramic glass of liquid crystal, thickness of refractive index, or the element of any controlled light path.
The reflecting surface figure of described speculum is triangle and the square combination that makes respectively o light or e reflection of light amount change; O illumination is mapped on square reflecting surface, and e illumination is simultaneously mapped on triangle reflecting surface, or e illumination is mapped on square reflecting surface, and o illumination is simultaneously mapped on triangle reflecting surface.
Technique effect of the present invention:
A kind of Polarization Dependent Loss provided by the invention and Differential Group Delay controller, can realize the control of these two parameters of PDL and DGD.Comprise optical fiber collimator, polarization separator, fixing DGD compensating plate and can realize the speculum that PDL controls, optical fiber collimator is for incident light is transformed into collimated light, and polarization separator is for being decomposed into the collimated light that enters polarization separator o light and the e light of single polarization state; For better realizing PDL, control, a fixedly DGD compensating plate is set on the emitting light path of o light, for compensating o light after polarization separator and the optical path difference of e light; Speculum is used for realizing PDL and controls, by design, there is the transformable reflecting surface figure of reflective surface area, receive and reflect from the e light of polarization separator outgoing with through the o light of outgoing after fixing DGD compensating plate, when speculum is moved, the o light or the e reflection of light area that make to be radiated on speculum change, thereby change single polarization state reflection power, realize the control of PDL parameter.Also comprise adjustable DGD compensating plate, be arranged on the emitting light path of e light or o light in the light path after fixing DGD compensating plate, adopt the adjustable adjustable piezoelectric ceramic glass of liquid crystal, thickness of refractive index, or the element of any controlled light path, can realize the control of DGD parameter.
The invention has the advantages that: simple in structure and cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the embodiment schematic diagram of a kind of Polarization Dependent Loss of the present invention and Differential Group Delay controller.
Fig. 2 is another embodiment schematic diagram of a kind of Polarization Dependent Loss of the present invention and Differential Group Delay controller.
Reference numeral lists as follows: 101-optical fiber collimator, and 102-polarization separator, 103-is DGD compensating plate fixedly, 104-is adjustable DGD compensating plate, 105-speculum, 106-reflecting surface figure, 200-incident collimater, 205-outgoing collimater, 201-polarization separator, 202-is DGD compensating plate fixedly, 203-is adjustable DGD compensating plate, 204-speculum, 206-reflecting surface figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, be the embodiment schematic diagram of a kind of Polarization Dependent Loss of the present invention and Differential Group Delay controller.
1, comprise at least one optical fiber collimator, for incident light is transformed into collimated light, when only having an optical fiber collimator, as shown in Figure 1, need to before collimater, increase a circulator, realize incident light and emergent light and share a collimater, light path is that path along incident light reflects back in collimater in this case.As the circulator 100 in the specific embodiment of Fig. 1 and collimater 101.2. 1. circulator 100 have 3. three ports, and 2. 1. incident ray enter in described collimater with the multiplexing end of transmitting-receiving by the input of circulator, and 3. 2. reflection ray return to output with output by the multiplexing end of transmitting-receiving of described circulator.When having two collimaters without the extra circulator that increases, as Fig. 2, but need an independent collimater to receive the light returning, as the outgoing collimater 205 of Fig. 2, light does not have Yan Yuan road to return in whole light path, but returns with a less inclination angle.Incident collimater 200 receives incident raies, and outgoing collimater 205 receives reflection rays, and reflection ray returns to penetrate along the path that has an angle with incident ray and gets back in outgoing collimater.
2, comprise a polarization separator, receive the collimated light of optical fiber collimator output, and the collimated light that enters polarization separator is decomposed into o light and e light, can select birefringece crystal Yttrium Orthovanadate (YVO4), as in Fig. 1 102 and Fig. 2 in as shown in 201.When light is after polarization separator, because polarization separator carries out separatedly to o light and e light, the light signal after separation has the propagation of one section of thickness d in polarization separator, and the refractive index that o light and e light are corresponding is respectively n
oand n
e.According to light wave propagation equation in uniaxial crystal, as a given wave normal direction K
0after, a kind of refractive index n of light
/with wave normal direction K
0irrelevant, always there is n
/=n
o.The refractive index n of another light
//with K
0relevant with crystallographic axis angle, n
// 2=n
o 2n
e 2/ (n
o 2sin
2θ+n
e 2cos
2θ), wherein θ is the angle of optical axis and o light.β is the o light angle separated with e light in crystal.When θ=45 are spent, β gets maximum, tan β=(n
e 2-n
o 2)/(n
e 2+ n
o 2), now, n
// 2=2n
o 2n
e 2/ (n
o 2+ n
e 2).We can obtain after the crystal that is d through thickness in polarization separation crystal thus, and the optical path difference of o light and e light is L,
L＝n
//d(1+tan
2β)
0.5-n
/d
Wherein, n
/for the refractive index of o light in polarization separator, n
//for the refractive index of e light in polarization separator, β is the o light angle separated with e light in polarization separator.
3, a fixing DGD compensating plate, is arranged on the emitting light path of o light, for compensating o light after polarization separator and the optical path difference of e light, as shown in 202 in 103 in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.According to the process o light of polarization separator and the optical path difference L of e light, design is material and the respective thickness of DGD compensating plate fixedly, fixed light path difference compensating plate material and thickness, according to formula M=L/n, determine, wherein M is compensating plate thickness, n is the refractive index of compensating plate material, and L is o light after polarization separator and the optical path difference of e light.
4, adjustable differential group time delay (Differential Group Delay is called for short DGD) compensating plate, be arranged on the emitting light path of e light or o light in the light path after fixing DGD compensating plate, as 104 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 203 as shown in.Adjustable DGD compensating plate can select the adjustable liquid crystal of refractive index, piezoelectric ceramic glass that thickness is adjustable, and any controlled light path element, adjustable DGD compensating plate is positioned in the light path of any one polarization state after polarization separator, by changing the optical path difference of two polarization state light paths, realizes the control of DGD.
5, can realize the speculum that PDL controls for one, as in Fig. 1 105 and Fig. 2 in 204 concrete case study on implementation, on speculum, there is o light, e light to complete separation and carry out respectively volume reflection change, reflector shape gradual change, the reflecting surface graphic structure of arbitrary shape, as in Fig. 1 106 and Fig. 2 in 206 triangles squares combining structures.Except reflecting surface part, other parts all cover with light absorbent or light transmissive material.In embodiment, the reflecting surface figure of speculum is triangle and the square combination that makes respectively o light or e reflection of light amount change; O illumination is mapped on square reflecting surface, and e illumination is simultaneously mapped on triangle reflecting surface, or e illumination is mapped on square reflecting surface, and o illumination is simultaneously mapped on triangle reflecting surface.When overall reflective face moves horizontally along a right-angle side of triangle reflecting surface, o light irradiates respectively in upper and lower two groups of speculum figures separated with e light, a kind of light of polarization moves along leg, its reflective surface area is also in continuous variation, the luminous power of this polarization state reflecting back is along with also changing, and the light of another polarization state is because reflecting surface is square, therefore reflecting surface what does not occur and changes, the luminous power of this polarization state of reflection is constant.When 105 move toward opposite direction, situation is just the opposite, can realize the luminous power gradual change of another polarization state.Therefore,, by this horizontal movement of speculum, can realize the control of PDL.Any structure by the single polarization state reflected optical power of change is all in the protection of this patent.The motion of speculum can be passed through manual adjustments, also can motorized adjustment, and all in the protection range of this patent.
At this, indicate, above narration contributes to those skilled in the art to understand the invention, but and the protection range of unrestricted the invention.Any do not depart from the invention flesh and blood to being equal to replacement, modify improving and/or deleting numerous conforming to the principle of simplicity and the enforcement carried out of above narration, all fall into the protection range of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a Polarization Dependent Loss and Differential Group Delay controller, it is characterized in that, comprise optical fiber collimator, polarization separator, fixing DGD compensating plate and can realize the speculum that PDL controls, described optical fiber collimator is for being transformed into collimated light by incident light, described polarization separator is for being decomposed into the collimated light that enters polarization separator o light and the e light of single polarization state, described fixedly DGD compensating plate is arranged on the emitting light path of o light, for compensating o light after polarization separator and the optical path difference of e light, described speculum has the transformable reflecting surface figure of reflective surface area, receive and reflect from the e light of polarization separator outgoing with through the o light of outgoing after fixing DGD compensating plate, when speculum is moved, the o light or the e reflection of light area that make to be radiated on speculum change, thereby change single polarization state reflection power, realize the control of PDL parameter.
2. Polarization Dependent Loss according to claim 1 and Differential Group Delay controller, it is characterized in that, also comprise adjustable DGD compensating plate, described adjustable DGD compensating plate be arranged on the emitting light path of e light or o light in the light path after fixing DGD compensating plate, by change, pass through the o light of polarization separator decomposition and the optical path difference of two polarization states of e light, realize the control of DGD parameter.
3. Polarization Dependent Loss according to claim 1 and 2 and Differential Group Delay controller, it is characterized in that, described optical fiber collimator comprises incident collimater and outgoing collimater, described incident collimater receives incident ray, described outgoing collimater receives reflection ray, and described reflection ray returns to penetrate along the path that has an angle with incident ray and gets back in described outgoing collimater.
4. Polarization Dependent Loss according to claim 1 and 2 and Differential Group Delay controller, is characterized in that, described optical fiber collimator is that incident light and reverberation share collimater, and reflection ray returns along the path of incident ray to penetrate and gets back in described collimater; A circulator is set before described collimater, and 2. 1. incident ray enter in described collimater with the multiplexing end of transmitting-receiving by the input of described circulator, and 3. 2. reflection ray return to output with output by the multiplexing end of transmitting-receiving of described circulator.
5. Polarization Dependent Loss according to claim 1 and 2 and Differential Group Delay controller, is characterized in that, described polarization separator adopts double refraction single-shaft crystal material Yttrium Orthovanadate (YVO4).
6. Polarization Dependent Loss according to claim 1 and 2 and Differential Group Delay controller, it is characterized in that, described fixedly DGD compensating plate material and thickness, according to formula M=L/n, determine, wherein M is compensating plate thickness, n is the refractive index of compensating plate material, and L is o light after polarization separator and the optical path difference of e light; When the thickness of described polarization separator is d, L=n
//d (1+tan
2β)
0.5-n
/d, wherein n
/for the refractive index of o light in polarization separator, n
//for the refractive index of e light in polarization separator, β is the o light angle separated with e light in polarization separator.
7. Polarization Dependent Loss according to claim 2 and Differential Group Delay controller, is characterized in that, described adjustable DGD compensating plate adopts the adjustable adjustable piezoelectric ceramic glass of liquid crystal, thickness of refractive index, or the element of any controlled light path.
8. Polarization Dependent Loss according to claim 1 and 2 and Differential Group Delay controller, is characterized in that, the reflecting surface figure of described speculum is triangle and the square combination that makes respectively o light or e reflection of light amount change; O illumination is mapped on square reflecting surface, and e illumination is simultaneously mapped on triangle reflecting surface, or e illumination is mapped on square reflecting surface, and o illumination is simultaneously mapped on triangle reflecting surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410404858.4A CN104218993B (en) | 2014-08-15 | A kind of Polarization Dependent Loss and Differential Group Delay controller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410404858.4A CN104218993B (en) | 2014-08-15 | A kind of Polarization Dependent Loss and Differential Group Delay controller |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104218993A true CN104218993A (en) | 2014-12-17 |
| CN104218993B CN104218993B (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106094235A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-11-09 | 东南大学 | A kind of device utilizing uniaxial crystal to realize the rotation of light field polarization state |
| CN110646884A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2020-01-03 | 华中科技大学 | Polarization beam splitter with large manufacturing tolerance and high polarization extinction ratio |
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| CN110646884A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2020-01-03 | 华中科技大学 | Polarization beam splitter with large manufacturing tolerance and high polarization extinction ratio |
| CN110646884B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-01-26 | 华中科技大学 | Polarization beam splitter with large manufacturing tolerance and high polarization extinction ratio |
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Effective date of registration: 20181205 Address after: 214131 Fourth Floor, Building B1, 999 Gaolang East Road, Binhu District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Wuxi Oport Automation Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 214200 6th Floor, Building 1, Photoelectric Industrial Park, Yixing Economic Development Zone, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: WUXI SHINOPTO OPTOELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. |