CN104215573A - Method for measuring cohesiveness of cement-based building mortar - Google Patents
Method for measuring cohesiveness of cement-based building mortar Download PDFInfo
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- CN104215573A CN104215573A CN201410414560.1A CN201410414560A CN104215573A CN 104215573 A CN104215573 A CN 104215573A CN 201410414560 A CN201410414560 A CN 201410414560A CN 104215573 A CN104215573 A CN 104215573A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for measuring the cohesiveness of cement-based building mortar, belonging to the field of cement mortar performance detection. The method is suitable for detection of the building mortar, particularly the building mortar prepared by various types of machine-made sand. The method comprises the following steps of A, preparing the mortar; B, measuring the water use amount of the mortar; and C, measuring the expansion degree of the mortar. According to the measurement method, the target thickness meeting the requirement of actual production is firstly determined by virtue of measurement on the water use amount of the mortar; then the aim of estimating and controlling the cohesiveness of the building mortar is fulfilled by measuring the expansion degree of the mortar, so that a standard support for supplying mortar suitable for building site construction can be achieved in actual production; meanwhile, the operability of directly and objectively estimating the cohesiveness of the mortar can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sand-cement slurry Performance Detection field, be specifically related to a kind of assay method of concrete base building mortar cohesiveness, the method is suitable for the detection of building mortar, is particularly useful for the detection of building mortar prepared by various Machine-made Sand.
Background technology
Building mortar refers to by inorganic coagulation material, fine aggregate, admixture, water, and according to other components that performance is determined, coordinate by proper proportion, mixing through the architecture engineering material of sclerosis, mainly play the effects such as bonding, liner and transmission stress in construction work.According to the premixing mortar that the productive prospecting of mortar is divided into the mortar of working-yard mixing and is produced by professional production factory.Can be divided into according to the purposes of mortar in construction work build class by laying bricks or stones, class of plastering, Noodles, mortar such as bonding class, decorative kind, insulation class etc.First three class mortar is the mortar kind that current domestic use amount is large, purposes is wide, and wherein building class mortar by laying bricks or stones is that brick (bulk) is bonded to entirety, i.e. a body of wall; Class of plastering mortar spreads upon surface of wall, plays a part levelling body of wall on the one hand, and play a part on the other hand to protect body of wall, it both ensure that the service condition of building, had decorated again body of wall; Ground Noodles mortar not only protects floor and terrace, and makes floor surface smooth, is conducive to decorations, also has protection against the tide, the performance such as wear-resisting simultaneously.Reasonable employment mortar plays an important role to saving Binder Materials, convenient construction, raising construction quality.
It is the workability of fresh mortar and the mechanical property of hardened mortar that the performance of building mortar comprises one, two aspects, and the workability of mortar refers to that mortar whether is easily paved into evenly on surfaces such as masonries, continuous print thin layer, and the character of closely cohering with basic unit.This is the principal element affecting building mortar operating efficiency and construction quality, comprises operability and water-retaining property two aspect implication.Mortar first requirement will have good operability, comprises mobility, cohesiveness and thixotropy.The good mortar of operability is easily paved into uniform thin layer on coarse bulk surface, and can and bottom surface tight bond.The mortar using operability good both constructability operations, raise labour productivity, can ensure construction quality again.Mortar also will have good water-retaining property simultaneously, avoids the moisture in mortar to cross drought, too much being siphoned away by bulk, affects the further aquation of cement.Secondly the mortar after requiring sclerosis should have certain compressive strength, cohesive strength etc., to ensure intensity and the globality of masonry.
The mobility of building mortar is the main aspect affecting mortar operating efficiency.For the building mortar using river sand to prepare, river sand smooth outer surface, the equal homogeneous of particle is good, and distribution of particles is narrow, and the porosity of such river sand wash is large, easily forms good ball effect; For the building mortar adopting Machine-made Sand to make, Machine-made Sand corner angle are obvious, and particle grading distribution is wide, the space that bulky grain is formed is filled by granule, and the space that granule is formed is filled by fine powder, and mortar easily forms a closely knit entirety, therefore the poor fluidity of mortar, good water-retaining property.Between particle mutually the surface tension of overlap joint and Van der Waals force larger, under identical acting force, the poor fluidity of mortar, and cohesiveness is the key factor affecting mobility.
The cohesiveness of building mortar refers to the interphase interaction of material particles, the ability of absorption mutually.In closelypacked system, interaction between material is obvious, and in loose system, the mutual distance of material, beyond the operating distance of surface tension and Van der Waals force, between material, cohesive strength reduces, different raw materials is used for building mortar, be difficult between river sand system particle fill closely knit by other materials, between particle, the chance of touching is less mutually, the cohesive strength of mortar is low, although cement can enter hydration stage in the dozens of minutes after cement plus water, but because mortar water consumption is larger, and mutually isolated between sand, hydrolysis product of cement is difficult to the saturation stage entering calcium hydroxide, now the induction period of long period just mortar construction plastic stage.Contrary for Machine-made Sand, the nuclei of crystallization of hydrated cementitious are served as in the existence of powder, and hydrated product bonds sand very soon, and add that the spacing of particle is near, mortar cohesive strength is more obvious.Therefore cohesiveness is the most basic intrinsic factor affecting building mortar workability.
The thixotropy of material be moulding object when being subject to External Force Acting, when shearing as being subject to, denseness diminishes, and when stopping shearing, when denseness increases again or is subject to shearing, denseness becomes large, when stopping shearing, the character that denseness diminishes again.Be apparent that most bentonitic " card room structure ", building mortar is being subject under External Force Acting, and mortar deforms, denseness reduces, and the bonding of constructability operation and pressing, after external force is cancelled, mortar again denseness increases, and is convenient to be bonded to as a whole between material.For the reason that mortar thixotropy is formed, be that under external force, bonded part is subjected to displacement distortion, produces contrary repulsion simultaneously because solid accumulation is the modular construction be flexible coupling, after external force disappears, object, under repulsion effect, restores to the original state again.Building mortar is this is flexible coupling that what rely on is the flexible additive in material particles gap.And the necessary condition that the space between particle is additive to play a role, for Machine-made Sand, owing to contacting with each other between material, therefore thixotropy will be deteriorated, and river sand is then contrary.Therefore cohesiveness also has an impact to it.
Along with the universal of premixing mortar and the exhaustion of natural sand resource; most construction work starts the aggregate adopting Machine-made Sand as premixing mortar; but have larger difference due to Machine-made Sand its own face structure and natural river sand; premixing mortar operating performance is often there will be poor in concrete base building mortar; have impact on operating efficiency; huge difficulty is brought to applying of premixing mortar simultaneously, be also unfavorable for that building industry is to energy-conserving and environment-protective future development.
At present, during practice of construction, go building mortar workability can only be transported to building site by the postevaluation of site construction librarian use, waste plenty of time and energy, need batch building mortar and skilled workman simultaneously, affect greatly by subjective factor, qualitative statement can only be provided, cannot control in actual production.The present invention for providing a kind of assay method assessing building mortar cohesiveness, for premixing mortar enterprise provides the mortar lifting being suitable for building ground construction for standard support; Also be conducive to the operability of direct objective assessment mortar simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters solved by the invention is to provide a kind of assay method assessing building mortar cohesiveness.
The assay method of building mortar cohesiveness of the present invention, comprises the steps:
The preparation of A, mortar: prepare raw material according to execution conditions in laboratory, preparation mortar;
The mensuration of B, mortar water consumption: adopt texturometer to measure denseness, adjustment mortar water consumption is until slurry consistency reaches the scope of target slurry consistency;
The mensuration of C, mortar divergence:
1) get the mortar that about 1kg is stirred to target denseness, make the ball of Ф 30mm ~ Ф 50mm, be mortar bead, be placed on distance ground vertical height and be the bright and clean of 100cm ~ 200cm and on the rectangle flat steel bar wiped across in advance;
2) slightly steel bar is overturn, mortar bead is made to fall on the Wall or floor tile of underground placement level in advance according to the movement of falling object, floor tile keeps bright and clean, and floor tile specification is 800 × 800mm ~ 1000mm × 1000mm, and mortar bead drop-off positions is near floor tile center;
3) mortar bead falls as circular pie, or is scattered for circle, detects and falls or be scattered circular maximum gauge for twice, and the angle detecting diameter for twice is 90 degree, and get its mean value for detecting circular diameter, its value is mortar divergence; If falling shape presents irregular or non-circular, then ball processed detects again.
4) the mortar bead tested is removed, clean floor tile, repeatedly; Account form is as follows:
(1) get the mean value of test of many times result, be accurate to 1mm;
(2) if the difference of any twice trial value is greater than 10mm, mensuration of resampling.
Assay method of the present invention according to the target denseness that should meet during mortar actual production, to determine the water consumption of premixing mortar.And then utilize mensuration mortar divergence to reach assessment, control the object of building mortar cohesiveness, for actual production provides the mortar lifting being suitable for building ground construction for standard support; Also be conducive to the operability of direct objective assessment mortar cohesiveness simultaneously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, assay method of the present invention proposes first and sets up the cohesiveness of assessment building mortar, for actual production and construction provide standard support.
2, the test result of assay method of the present invention is clear and definite, the interior mechanics principle that its measuring principle uses according to mortar and Micro-Structure Analysis, can direct Instructing manufacture, and testing result is reproducible, testing result easy understand.
3, assay method of the present invention is simple and practical, also can ease of Use for the personnel without relevant architectural discipline knowledge or educational background.
4, assay method of the present invention does not need to invest great instrument and equipment, and testing cost is cheap.
5, the test environment of assay method of the present invention requires low, and general enterprises laboratory or working-yard all can complete, and is applicable to domestic construction building site or premixing mortar manufacturing enterprise.
6, assay method of the present invention is especially applicable to the high and natural river sand of domestic Machine-made Sand powder containing quantity containing the high feature of the impurity such as mud, has directive significance to the popularization of domestic premixing mortar.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 mortar cohesiveness test schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The embodiment of form by the following examples, is described in further detail foregoing of the present invention again, illustrates but does not limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1 utilizes detection method to measure the process of cohesiveness
The preparation of 1.1 mortars
1.1.1, when mortar mixture is prepared by testing laboratory, material therefor should shift to an earlier date 24h and be transported into indoor.During mix, the temperature of testing laboratory should remain on (20 ± 5) DEG C.
Note: during mortar used under needing construction simulation condition, the temperature of raw materials should be consistent with working-yard.
1.1.2 testing raw materials should be consistent with onsite application material.Machine-made Sand should in advance by the square hole screen of nominal particle diameter 4.75mm.
1.1.3, during testing laboratory's mixing mortar, material usage should be in mass.The various material of precise, its weighing precision: cement, additive, admixture etc. are ± 0.5%; Sand is ± 1%.
1.1.4 should adopt mechanical raking when mortar stirs in testing laboratory, stirring machine should meet the regulation of " test mortar mixer " JG/T3033, and the consumption of stirring is preferably 30% ~ 70% of stirring machine capacity, and mixing time should not be less than 120s.Be mixed with the mortar of admixture and additive, its mixing time should not be less than 180s.Agitated kettle must be kept before stirring dry, not remain mortar or impurity.
1.1.5 install agitated kettle to fixed position, add cement, gather materials and additive, starter motor stirs 10s, adds suitable quantity of water, the stipulated time of stirring, and extraction portion divides mortar to detect slurry consistency
The determination of 1.2 mortar water consumptions
1.2.1 dab slide bar with a small amount of lubricating oil, then oil oil-Absorbing Sheets unnecessary on slide bar are cleaned, slide bar can be free to slide;
1.2.2 clean slurry filling container and examination poppet surface with wet cloth, mortar mixture is once loaded container, makes mortar surface be about about 10mm lower than vessel port.Equably plug and pound 25 time from container center to edge with tamper, then lightly container shaken or knock 5 ~ 6 times, making mortar surface smooth, then container is placed on the base of texturometer.
1.2.3 unscrew setscrew, move down slide bar, when trying cone tip and just contacting with mortar surface, tighten setscrew, make tooth bar side lever lower end just contact slide bar upper end, read the reading (being accurate to 1mm) on index dial.
1.2.4 setscrew is unscrewed, simultaneously between timing, tighten the screws immediately during 10s, by end in contact slide bar upper end under tooth bar measuring staff, read submergence depth (being accurate to 1mm) from index dial, the difference of rereading is the consistometric value of mortar;
1.2.5 the mortar in container containing, only allows mensuration denseness, during replication, and mensuration of should resampling.
1.2.6 flow test result should be determined by following requirements:
(1) get the arithmetic mean of twice test findings, be accurate to 1mm;
(2) difference as twice trial value is greater than 10mm, mensuration of should resampling.
1.2.7 mortar water consumption is adjusted, until slurry consistency reaches the slurry consistency scope that table 1 specifies.
Table 1 slurry consistency claimed range
| Mortar kind | Denseness/mm | Remarks |
| Masonry mortar | 60～70 | ? |
| Motar | 90～100 | ? |
| Terrace mortar | 45～55 | ? |
| Waterproof mortar | 70～80 | ? |
| Extraordinary mortar | ? | To determine according to practical situations or to contrast mortar for benchmark |
The mensuration of 1.3 mortar divergences
1.3.1 getting the wet mortar that about 1kg is stirred to regulation denseness, is the ball of Ф 40mm by specialized cylindrical mould or offhand, is placed on distance ground vertical height and is the bright and clean of 150cm and on the rectangle flat steel bar wiped across in advance.
1.3.2 slightly overturn steel bar, mortar bead is made to fall on the Wall or floor tile of underground placement level in advance according to the movement of falling object, floor tile keeps bright and clean, mortar falls for the close floor tile center of position, floor tile specification is 800 × 800mm, once should clean floor tile in time afterwards testing, remove the mortar tested.(as schematically shown in Figure 1).
1.3.3 mortar bead falls as circular pie, or is scattered for circle, and adopt steel tape detection time to fall circular maximum gauge for twice, the angle detecting diameter for twice is 90 degree, gets its mean value for detecting circular diameter.
1.3.4 divergence test findings should be determined by following requirements:
(1) get the arithmetic mean of three test findings, be accurate to 1mm;
(2) if the difference of any twice trial value is greater than 10mm, mensuration of should resampling.
From above-mentioned example, the test result of assay method of the present invention is clear and definite, the interior mechanics principle that its measuring principle uses according to mortar and Micro-Structure Analysis, can direct Instructing manufacture, and testing result is reproducible, testing result easy understand.Meanwhile, simple and practical, also can ease of Use for the personnel without relevant knowledge or educational background, also do not need to invest substantial equipment, testing cost is low.And test environment requires low, and general enterprises laboratory or working-yard all can complete, be applicable to domestic construction building site or premixing mortar manufacturing enterprise.
Embodiment 2 detects application example
Adopt the method for embodiment 1 to detect its divergence mean value for following material proportion preparation gained sand-cement slurry, judge its cohesiveness thus.
Table 2 application example testing result
As seen from the above table, utilize detection method can judge sand-cement slurry performance fast, for actual production and operation provide standard, be convenient to the change in good time improving material formula reply actual production conditions.
To sum up, assay method of the present invention proposes first and sets up assessment mortar cohesiveness, and for actual production provides standard support, feasibility is strong, and application prospect is wide.
Claims (4)
1. the assay method of building mortar cohesiveness, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The preparation of A, mortar: prepare raw material according to execution conditions in laboratory, preparation mortar;
The mensuration of B, mortar water consumption: adopt texturometer to measure denseness, adjustment mortar water consumption is until slurry consistency reaches the scope of target slurry consistency;
The mensuration of C, mortar divergence:
1) get the mortar being stirred to target denseness, make the mortar bead of Ф 30mm ~ Ф 50mm, be placed on distance ground vertical height and be the bright and clean of 100cm ~ 200cm and on the rectangle flat steel bar wiped across in advance;
2) slightly steel bar is overturn, mortar bead is made to fall on the Wall or floor tile of underground placement level in advance according to the movement of falling object, floor tile keeps bright and clean, and floor tile specification is 800 × 800mm ~ 1000mm × 1000mm, and mortar bead drop-off positions is near floor tile center;
3) mortar bead falls as circular pie, or is scattered for circle, detects and falls or be scattered circular maximum gauge for twice, and the angle detecting diameter for twice is 90 degree, gets its mean value for detecting circular diameter;
4) the mortar bead tested is removed, clean floor tile, repeatedly; Account form is as follows:
(1) get the mean value of test of many times result, be accurate to 1mm;
(2) if the difference of any twice trial value is greater than 10mm, mensuration of resampling.
2. the assay method of building mortar cohesiveness according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the step 1 of step C) described mortar bead is the ball of 40mm.
3. the assay method of building mortar cohesiveness according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the step 1 of step C) described distance ground vertical height is 150cm.
4. the assay method of building mortar cohesiveness according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the step 2 of step C) described floor tile specification is 800 × 800mm.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105987834A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2016-10-05 | 湖南三德科技股份有限公司 | Integrated sampling method used for coal sample detection and integrated sampling system |
| CN110879190A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Portable working degree tester and testing method for working degree of cemented sand gravel |
| CN112630099A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-04-09 | 山东港湾建设集团有限公司 | Mortar cohesiveness detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN113063698A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-07-02 | 山东城市建设职业学院 | Quantitative evaluation method for cohesiveness of cement concrete mixture |
| CN113125338A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-16 | 悉地（苏州）勘察设计顾问有限公司 | Quantitative testing device and method for cohesive force between pervious concrete aggregate and slurry |
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| CN110879190A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-03-13 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Portable working degree tester and testing method for working degree of cemented sand gravel |
| CN113125338A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-16 | 悉地（苏州）勘察设计顾问有限公司 | Quantitative testing device and method for cohesive force between pervious concrete aggregate and slurry |
| CN112630099A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-04-09 | 山东港湾建设集团有限公司 | Mortar cohesiveness detection device and detection method thereof |
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| CN113063698B (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2023-01-17 | 山东城市建设职业学院 | Quantitative evaluation method for cohesiveness of cement concrete mixture |
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