CN104212339A - Organic silicon gel anti-ice-covering coating as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Organic silicon gel anti-ice-covering coating as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of material surface engineering, and in particular relates to an organic silicon gel anti-ice-covering coating, and a preparation method and application of the organic silicon gel anti-ice-covering coating. The low-ice-adhesion organic silicon gel anti-ice-covering coating consists of crosslinkable polysiloxane, a crosslinking agent, a catalyst, a promoter, non-volatile hydrophobic liquid and an inorganic material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: performing mixing and uniform ball-milling on polysiloxane, the crosslinking agent, the catalyst, the promoter, the non-volatile hydrophobic liquid and the inorganic material, then coating on a base material, and curing to obtain an anti-ice-covering coating, wherein crosslinkable polysiloxane, the crosslinking agent, the catalyst and the promoter form an organic silicon rubber network by virtue of reaction, and the non-volatile hydrophobic liquid is effectively fixed in the anti-ice-covering coating; gel formed by the non-volatile hydrophobic liquid and the crosslinkable organic silicon rubber network is a main anti-icing functional layer which can delay the surface icing of water and reduce the binding force between an ice layer and a substrate material so as to ensure that the coating surface achieves an anti-ice-covering effect, and the mechanical performance of the anti-ice-covering coating also can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material surface engineering technolog field, be specifically related to class silicon gel type anti-icing paint and its production and use.
Background technology
Icing is a kind of very common phenomenon of occurring in nature, when airborne water vapour touches temperature and is below the freezing point the material surface of temperature, will undergo phase transition formation frost.Icing has brought problems to people's productive life, for example: refrigerating apparatus surface icing causes equipment heat transfer efficiency to reduce even inefficacy; Aircraft surface icing can cause the flight safety accident of aerospace field; Serious icing also can considerable damage ecotope, traffic, electric power facility etc.The freezing disaster on a large scale that at the beginning of 2008, south China area occurs, has caused great effect to industrial and agricultural production and people's lives, and direct economic loss is huge.Therefore, the icing mechanism on research surface, explores effectively anti-freeze, de-icing method, and the anti-icing material of development of new receives much attention always.
At present, main anti-freeze method has two large classes, and the first kind is active method, as mechanical deicing (comprises electro-thermal deicing (CN 101120217A with heating deicing; CN 102136710A) and photo-thermal deicing (CN 101499635A; CN 101562320A) method such as).Yet the human cost of mechanical deicing is high, efficiency is low; Heating deicing energy consumption is large, and technology and equipment still needs perfect.The passive method of Equations of The Second Kind, is used anti-icing material.This class material mainly comprises: (1) hydrophilic anti-icing material (CN 1104674A, CN 1632014A, CN 1916094A), mainly utilizes hydroaropic substance to adsorb large water gaging, and adds and can fall subzero material and realize and prevent from freezing; (2) the anti-icing material of hydrophobicity (CN 1556161A, CN 102660182A), main by increasing water at surperficial contact angle, the contact area of minimizing water droplet and cold surface, plays and delays water droplet condensing process, suppresses frost and forms.Two class materials all can suppress to a certain extent frost and form and reduce frost thickness, and still, once surface is contaminated, temperature reduces or time lengthening, once surface forms ice sheet, its protection effect will be lost.
Therefore, current method all has certain limitation aspect anti-icing.According to document (Wong T.S; Kang S.H.; Tang S.K.Y.; Smythe E.J.; Hatton B.D.; Grinthal A.; Aizenberg J.Nature 2011,477,443-447) report is introduced the subzero liquid level of one deck between body material and ice sheet, can play and intercept contacting of ice sheet and body material, delays water droplet icing; And liquid level also makes the adhesive power of ice sheet greatly reduce as lubricant film, even if ice sheet forms, also easily from substrate surface, depart from, reach ice-covering-proof effect.Wherein, liquid level is the important indicator of its anti-icing ability in the effectively fixing and long-acting stability of substrate surface, and the porous material of current use all makes liquid keep stable by capillary force.This weak force is very limited the stability of liquid surface layer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the low ice adhesion silicon gel of class anti-icing paint.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the low ice adhesion silicon gel of class anti-icing paint preparation method.
An also object of the present invention is to provide the application of low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint.
The substrate surface that low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint of the present invention can make ice and be coated with this anti-icing paint has ultralow ice adhesion (provides a gel lubricant film between ice sheet and base material, greatly reduce ice sheet adhesive power, make ice sheet be easy to depart from from substrate surface).
Silicon gel anti-icing paint of the present invention is comprised of crosslinkable polysiloxane, linking agent, catalyzer, promotor, non-volatile hydrophobic liquid and inorganic materials; By mass percentage, crosslinkable polysiloxane accounts for 20%～60% of described anti-icing paint total mass, linking agent accounts for 0.5%～2% of described anti-icing paint total mass, catalyzer accounts for 0.1%～1% of described anti-icing paint total mass, promotor accounts for 0.1%～1% of described anti-icing paint total mass, non-volatile hydrophobic liquid accounts for 20%～70% of described anti-icing paint total mass, and inorganic materials accounts for 5%～30% of described anti-icing paint total mass;
Described its structural formula of crosslinkable polysiloxane is:
The number of repeat unit that wherein n is polysiloxane, specifically can be 5～1000, R1, R2 is one or both in methyl, ethyl, phenyl, vinyl, propenyl, hydrogen base, oxyethyl group, chloro-phenyl-, trifluoro propyl, R3, R4 is hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, vinyl, one or both in propenyl.
Described linking agent is selected from containing one or more in the silane of trifunctional or four-functional group; Described functional group is selected from one or more in acetoxyl group, alkoxyl group, oximido, amido, amide group, ketone group.
Described catalyzer is selected from vinyl platinum complex, Platinic chloride, dibutyl tin laurate, one or more in tin octylate.
Described promotor is selected from one or more in amine propyl trimethoxy silicane, amine propyl-triethoxysilicane, methyl allyl acyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, allyltrimethoxysilanis, propanesulfonic acid Trimethoxy silane, propanesulfonic acid triethoxyl silane, gamma-methyl allyl acyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, gamma-methyl allyl acyloxypropyl triethoxyl silane, gamma-methyl allyl acyloxypropyl three (isopropoxy) silane.
Described non-volatile hydrophobic liquid can be one or more in silicone oil, liquid polybutene, liquid fluorocarbon, liquid fluorine silicon etc.
Described non-volatile hydrophobic liquid range of viscosities is at room temperature 0.1～1000cm
2/ s.
Described inorganic materials is selected from one or more in diatomite, activated alumina, gac, clay, polynite, silica gel, titanium dioxide.
The preparation method of low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint of the present invention is: above-mentioned crosslinkable silicone, linking agent, catalyzer, promotor, non-volatile hydrophobic liquid and inorganic materials, mixing ball milling is even, obtain described anti-icing paint.
Described Ball-milling Time is 6～120 hours.
The application of low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint of the present invention, described anti-icing paint is directly coated in to substrate surface, and film-forming obtains the effectively fixing ice-covering-proof coating of the silicon gel with low ice adhesion in organo-silicone rubber network of non-volatile hydrophobic liquid.
Described curing be curing reaction to occur 2～48 hours in the environment of room temperature～200 ℃.
Described base material can be metal, metal oxide materials, non-metallic material or organic materials etc.
Wherein, metal and oxide material thereof specifically can be copper, aluminium, iron, titanium metal and oxidized derivatives thereof.
Described non-metallic material specifically can be glass or pottery.
Described organic materials specifically can be timber or macromolecule polymer material.
Preferred version of the present invention is:
For guaranteeing that cross linking polysiloxane network can be fixed on non-volatile hydrophobic liquid in material, guarantee efficient anti-ice ability simultaneously, crosslinkable silicone massfraction is preferably 20%～45%, and the massfraction of non-volatile hydrophobic liquid is preferably 40%～50%.
Preferred version of the present invention also comprises, the mechanical property that is added to raising coating of inorganic materials, and massfraction is preferably 8%～26%.
Wherein, for guaranteeing that all material mixes completely, need carry out abundant ball milling, generate when preventing that Ball-milling Time is long and cause surface-coated simultaneously without bulk gels, the mixing and ball milling time is preferably 24～48h.
Wherein, complete for guaranteeing polysiloxane curing cross-linked, gel solidification temperature is preferably 80～120 ℃, and the curing reaction time is preferably 6～24h.
Technical scheme provided by the present invention and relevant optimal technical scheme can combine according to the needs of implementing.
When envrionment temperature and ambient moisture can cause substrate surface to freeze, described low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint can stop supercooled water contact substrate, even if form ice sheet, also can due to the existence of gel lubricant film, make ice sheet depart from substrate surface under gravity or wind effect.
The enforceable envrionment temperature of the present invention comprises 0 ℃～-40 ℃.Ambient moisture comprises 40%～90%.
Therefore, the silicon gel type anti-icing paint that the solution of the present invention provides a class to have low ice adhesion, this anti-icing paint is comprised of crosslinkable polysiloxane, linking agent, catalyzer, promotor, non-volatile hydrophobic liquid and inorganic materials.Inorganic materials, crosslinkable polysiloxane, linking agent, catalyzer, promotor and non-volatile organic liquid are mixed and ball milling, be then coated in film-forming on base material and obtain ice-covering-proof coating.The gel that non-volatile hydrophobic liquid of the present invention and crosslinked organo-silicone rubber network form is to form anti-icing function medium, can delay water in the bonding force of icing and reduction ice sheet and the base material on surface, makes coating surface reach ice-covering-proof effect; Crosslinkable polysiloxane, linking agent, catalyzer and promotor form organo-silicone rubber network by reaction, and non-volatile hydrophobic liquid is effectively fixed in ice-covering-proof coating; And the mechanical property that coating of the present invention has also further improved.
Low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint of the present invention has the following advantages than other anti-icing paint: the ice adhesion that (1) is ultralow: due in the present invention, play ice-covering-proof effect for having isolation and the silicon gel layer of lubrication (silicon gel coating at the schematic diagram of substrate material surface as shown in Figure 1) concurrently, not only can delay the formation of ice sheet but also greatly reduce ice and adhesion, make substrate surface icing less and easily under wind-force and action of gravity, remove.With respect to the material not processing (ice adhesion >750kPa) with do not add the coating (ice adhesion >270kPa) of non-volatile hydrophobic liquid, apply the material ice sheet adhesive power of gel anti-icing paint all lower than <60kPa, the minimum 31kPa that reaches.(2) wearing quality is strong: the non-volatile hydrophobic liquid of use of the present invention, and effectively fixing by organo-silicone rubber network, ice-covering-proof function is permanently effective.(3) mechanical property is excellent: the inorganic materials containing due to ice-covering-proof coating of the present invention and crosslinked organo-silicone rubber, coating machine performance can be increased substantially to (tensile strength can be increased to 7.25 times, and elongation at break can be increased to 8.86 times).Crosslinked organo-silicone rubber network has satisfactory stability, has extended the work-ing life of ice-covering-proof coating.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1. the structural representation of low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint of the present invention.
Fig. 2. in envrionment temperature, be that 0 ℃, ambient moisture are 40%, after freezing 12 hours, the base material ice adhesion of various uncoated low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paints size.
Fig. 3. in envrionment temperature, be that 0 ℃, ambient moisture are 40%, after freezing 12 hours, the low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint of embodiments of the invention 1～3 and the big or small comparison diagram of ice adhesion that does not add the coating of non-volatile hydrophobic liquid.
Fig. 4. tensile strength and the elongation at break of the organo-silicone rubber of the silica gel particle of interpolation different content.
Fig. 5. envrionment temperature for-20 ℃, ambient moisture be 60%, after freezing 12 hours, the ice adhesion of the low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint of embodiments of the invention 4-6 size.
Fig. 6. envrionment temperature for-40 ℃, ambient moisture be 90%, after freezing 12 hours, the ice adhesion of the low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint of embodiments of the invention 7～9 size.
Embodiment
By specific embodiment, the present invention is described below, but embodiment is only for explanation, does not limit the scope of the invention.In the situation that not departing from aforesaid method thought range of the present invention, various replacements and the change according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means, made, all should be within the scope of the present invention.
The experimental technique using in following embodiment if no special instructions, is ordinary method.
In following embodiment, material used, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Embodiment 1
The amine propyl trimethoxy silicane that is 0.9% by the tin octylate that massfraction is 20% dialkyl polydimethylsiloxane (n=200), the massfraction methyl triacetoxysilane that is 1%, massfraction is 0.1% and massfraction, (viscosity is 0.1cm to the silicone oil that massfraction is 68%
2/ s) and the massfraction diatomite that is 10% mixes and ball milling makes it even in 12 hours, obtain described anti-icing paint.Anti-icing paint is directly coated in to copper sheet surface, and at room temperature curing reaction is 48 hours, obtains having the ice-covering-proof coating of silicon gel of low ice adhesion.
When envrionment temperature is 0～-40 ℃, ambient moisture is 40%～90% can cause copper sheet surface to freeze time, the above-mentioned low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint making can stop supercooled water contact copper sheet, the adhesive power of the icing minimizing in copper sheet surface and ice sheet is reduced greatly, and the ice sheet on copper sheet surface can depart under the effect of gravity or wind-force.
Embodiment 2
The amine propyl-triethoxysilicane that is 0.4% by the propyl-triethoxysilicane that massfraction is 28% dihydroxyl PSI (n=40), massfraction is 1.5%, dibutyl tin laurate that massfraction is 0.1% and massfraction, (viscosity is 10cm to the silicone oil that massfraction is 60%
2/ s) and the massfraction activated alumina that is 10% mixes and ball milling makes it even in 6 hours, obtain described anti-icing paint.Anti-icing paint is directly coated in to aluminium flake surface, and at 40 ℃, curing reaction is 30 hours, obtains having the ice-covering-proof coating of silicon gel of low ice adhesion.
When envrionment temperature is 0～-40 ℃, ambient moisture is 40%～90% can cause aluminium flake surface to freeze time, the above-mentioned low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint making can stop supercooled water contact aluminium flake, the adhesive power of the icing minimizing in aluminium flake surface and ice sheet is reduced greatly, and the ice sheet on aluminium flake surface can depart under the effect of gravity or wind-force.
Embodiment 3
The propanesulfonic acid Trimethoxy silane that is 0.5% by the tetraethoxysilane that massfraction is the poly-ethyl oxyethyl group siloxanes (n=300) of 45% dihydroxyl, massfraction is 2%, dibutyl tin laurate that massfraction is 0.5% and massfraction, (viscosity is 30cm to the silicone oil that massfraction is 40%
2/ s) and the massfraction gac that is 12% mixes and ball milling makes it even in 40 hours, obtain described anti-icing paint.Anti-icing paint is directly coated in to iron plate surface, and at 60 ℃, curing reaction is 24 hours, obtains having the ice-covering-proof coating of silicon gel of low ice adhesion.
When envrionment temperature is 0～-40 ℃, ambient moisture is 40%～90% can cause iron plate surface to freeze time, the above-mentioned low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint making can stop supercooled water contact iron plate, the adhesive power of the icing minimizing in iron plate surface and ice sheet is reduced greatly, and the ice sheet on iron plate surface can depart under the effect of gravity or wind-force.
Embodiment 4
Gamma-methyl allyl acyloxypropyl three (isopropoxy) silane that is 0.3% by the methyl trioximido silane that massfraction is the poly-methyl chloride phenyl siloxane (n=5) of 30% dihydroxyl, massfraction is 0.5%, tin octylate that massfraction is 0.2% and massfraction, (viscosity is 50cm to the liquid polybutene that massfraction is 49%
2/ s) and the massfraction activated alumina that is 20% mixes and ball milling makes it even in 30 hours, obtain described anti-icing paint.Anti-icing paint is directly coated in to titanium plate surface, and at 80 ℃, curing reaction is 12 hours, obtains having the ice-covering-proof coating of silicon gel of low ice adhesion.
When envrionment temperature is 0～-40 ℃, ambient moisture is 40%～90% can cause titanium plate surface to freeze time, the above-mentioned low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint making can stop supercooled water contact titanium sheet, the adhesive power of the icing minimizing of titanium plate surface and ice sheet is reduced greatly, and the ice sheet of titanium plate surface can depart under the effect of gravity or wind-force.
Embodiment 5
The methyl allyl acyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane that is 0.3% by the ethyl triamine propyl silane that massfraction is 60% dihydroxyl polychlorostyrene phenyl trifluoromethanesulfonate propyl-siloxane (n=800), massfraction is 1.3%, tin octylate that massfraction is 0.4% and massfraction, (viscosity is 100cm to the liquid fluorine silicon that massfraction is 30%
2/ s) and the massfraction clay that is 8% mixes and ball milling makes it even in 80 hours, obtain described anti-icing paint.Anti-icing paint is directly coated in to titanium dioxide titanium plate surface, and at 100 ℃, curing reaction is 4 hours, obtains having the ice-covering-proof coating of silicon gel of low ice adhesion.
When envrionment temperature is 0～-40 ℃, ambient moisture is 40%～90% can cause titanium dioxide titanium plate surface to freeze time, the above-mentioned low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint making can stop supercooled water contact titanium dioxide sheet, the adhesive power that is oxidized the icing minimizing of titanium plate surface and ice sheet is reduced greatly, and the ice sheet of titanium dioxide titanium plate surface can depart under the effect of gravity or wind-force.
Embodiment 6
The allyltrimethoxysilanis that is 0.5% by the ethyl triamine propyl silane that massfraction is the poly-methyl trifluoro propyl siloxanes (n=500) of 23% dihydroxyl, massfraction is 1%, tin octylate that massfraction is 0.5% and massfraction, (viscosity is 300cm to the liquid fluorocarbon that massfraction is 70%
2/ s) and the massfraction polynite that is 5% mixes and ball milling makes it even in 96 hours, obtain described anti-icing paint.Anti-icing paint is directly coated in to glass surface, and at 0 ℃, curing reaction is 2 hours, obtains having the ice-covering-proof coating of silicon gel of low ice adhesion.
When envrionment temperature is 0～-40 ℃, ambient moisture is 40%～90% can cause glass surface to freeze time, the above-mentioned low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint making can stop supercooled water contact glass, the adhesive power of the icing minimizing of glass surface and ice sheet is reduced greatly, and the ice sheet of glass surface can depart under the effect of gravity or wind-force.
Embodiment 7
The propanesulfonic acid triethoxyl silane that is 0.1% by the vinyl platinum complex that massfraction is the poly-ethylene methacrylic radical siloxane (n=1000) of 29% dimethyl, massfraction are the poly-methyl hydrogen radical siloxane (n=100) of 10% dimethyl, massfraction is 0.8% ethyl triamide base silane, massfraction is 0.1% and massfraction, (viscosity is 500cm to the liquid fluorine silicon that massfraction is 30%
2/ s) and the massfraction silica gel particle that is 30% mixes and ball milling makes it even in 72 hours, obtain described anti-icing paint.Anti-icing paint is directly coated in to ceramic surface, and at 70 ℃, curing reaction is 8 hours, obtains having the ice-covering-proof coating of silicon gel of low ice adhesion.
When envrionment temperature is 0～-40 ℃, ambient moisture is 40%～90% can cause ceramic surface to freeze time, the above-mentioned low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint making can stop supercooled water contact pottery, the adhesive power of the icing minimizing of ceramic surface and ice sheet is reduced greatly, and the ice sheet of ceramic surface can depart under the effect of gravity or wind-force.
Embodiment 8
The gamma-methyl allyl acyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane that is 0.3% by the vinyl platinum complex that massfraction is 30% methylethyl polymethyl radical siloxane (n=200), massfraction are the poly-ethyl hydrogen radical siloxane (n=70) of 13% divinyl, massfraction is 1.2% ethyl triamide base silane, massfraction is 0.5% and massfraction, (viscosity is 1000cm to the liquid fluorine silicon that massfraction is 25%
2/ s), (viscosity is 100cm to the silicone oil that massfraction is 20%
2/ s) and the massfraction silica gel particle that is 10% mixes and ball milling makes it even in 120 hours, obtain described anti-icing paint.Anti-icing paint is directly coated in to wood surface, and at room temperature curing reaction is 48 hours, obtains having the ice-covering-proof coating of silicon gel of low ice adhesion.
When envrionment temperature is 0～-40 ℃, ambient moisture is 40%～90% can cause wood surface to freeze time, the above-mentioned low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint making can stop supercooled water contact timber, the adhesive power of the icing minimizing of ceramic surface and ice sheet is reduced greatly, and the ice sheet of wood surface can depart under the effect of gravity or wind-force.
Embodiment 9
The gamma-methyl allyl acyloxypropyl triethoxyl silane that is 0.2% by the vinyl platinum complex that massfraction is the poly-ethyl propylene radical siloxane (n=180) of 15% dimethyl, massfraction are the poly-ethyl hydrogen radical siloxane (n=70) of 19% divinyl, massfraction is 0.6% ethyl triamide base silane, massfraction is 0.2% and massfraction, (viscosity is 50cm to the liquid fluorine silicon that massfraction is 50%
2/ s) and the massfraction titanium dioxide that is 15% mixes and ball milling makes it even in 48 hours, obtain described anti-icing paint.Anti-icing paint is directly coated in to surface of polymer material, and at 120 ℃, curing reaction is 48 hours, obtains having the ice-covering-proof coating of silicon gel of low ice adhesion.
When envrionment temperature is 0～-40 ℃, ambient moisture is 40%～90% can cause surface of polymer material to freeze time, the above-mentioned low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint making can stop supercooled water contact surface of polymer material, the adhesive power of the icing minimizing of surface of polymer material and ice sheet is reduced greatly, and the ice sheet of surface of polymer material can depart under the effect of gravity or wind-force.
Comparative example 10
It is that 0 ℃, ambient moisture are 40% that employing is put into envrionment temperature by material, carry out freezing ice-coating test, contrasted untreated different substrate materials, directly at substrate surface, coated non-volatile hydrophobic liquid, according to the identical solid composition (comprising polysiloxane, linking agent, promotor, inorganic materials) of embodiment 1～3 coating and identical preparation process, obtain containing the coating of non-volatile hydrophobic liquid and the anti-icing performance of embodiment 1～3.In ice-coating test, all there is serious icing in untreated base material in 1h, and landing appears in non-volatile hydrophobic liquid on base material, and icing performance is identical with untreated base material, and containing the coating of non-volatile hydrophobic liquid, in 3h, substantially by ice sheet, do not covered completely.The ice sheet of several comparative sample is along with the time increases thickening gradually, and adheres to from the teeth outwards securely.And embodiment 1～3 just has complete ice sheet formation after the icing time surpasses 10h, and ice layer thickness can get off over ice sheet after 20mm coating in landing.
After icing 12h, as shown in Figure 2, its ice adhesion is all very large for the ice adhesion test result of untreated base material, and that ice adhesion is minimum is polymer materials (763kPa), and that ice adhesion is the highest is glass (1248kPa).Directly apply the material of non-volatile hydrophobic liquid and basic identical when untreated, result is not shown.Embodiment 1～3 and same solid component but containing the ice adhesion test result of the coating of non-volatile hydrophobic liquid not as shown in Figure 3.Containing the coating ice adhesion of non-volatile hydrophobic liquid, do not compare significantly decrease (ice adhesion is between 270～280kPa) with base material, and the ice adhesion of embodiment 1～3 to reduce much and (all be less than 60kPa) than all the other comparative examples.By this comparative example, can find out, coating prepared by the inventive method all has good result on the anti-icing performance that delays icing and reduction ice adhesion, and the acting in conjunction of solid and liquid ingredient is the key reason that coating has good anti-icing performance.
Comparative example 11
For the mechanical property of preferred coatings, contrasted the impact of inorganic materials addition on coating mechanical property.Select silica gel particle as inorganic materials additive, prepared the coating of different silica gel particle content, and tested mechanical property by tensile test, its result as shown in Figure 4.Can find out, inorganic materials add the mechanical property that can effectively improve coating, the coating tensile strength of not adding silica gel particle is 0.8MPa, elongation at break is 65%, adds silica gel particle back draft intensity and elongation at break Synchronous lifting, when silica gel particle massfraction is 15%, the mechanical property of coating is best, tensile strength is 5.8MPa, and elongation at break is 576%, bring up to respectively original coating 7.25 times and 8.86 times.From Mechanical test results, the preferable range of the addition of inorganic materials is 8%～26%.
The material that the surface-coated of above-described embodiment 4～6 preparation is had to a low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint envrionment temperature for-20 ℃, ambient moisture be 60%, after freezing 12 hours, carry out the test of ice adhesion size, result as shown in Figure 5.The ice adhesion of embodiment 4～6 is respectively 35,38,46kPa, shows good ice-covering-proof effect.
The material that the surface-coated of above-described embodiment 7～9 preparation is had to a low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint envrionment temperature for-40 ℃, ambient moisture be 90%, after freezing 12 hours, carry out the test of ice adhesion size, result as shown in Figure 6.The ice adhesion of embodiment 7～9 is respectively 47,36,31kPa, shows good ice-covering-proof effect.
Claims (15)
1. a silicon gel anti-icing paint, is characterized in that: crosslinkable polysiloxane, linking agent, catalyzer, promotor, non-volatile hydrophobic liquid and inorganic materials, consist of; By mass percentage, crosslinkable polysiloxane accounts for 20%～60% of described anti-icing paint total mass, linking agent accounts for 0.5%～2% of described anti-icing paint total mass, catalyzer accounts for 0.1%～1% of described anti-icing paint total mass, promotor accounts for 0.1%～1% of described anti-icing paint total mass, non-volatile hydrophobic liquid accounts for 20%～70% of described anti-icing paint total mass, and inorganic materials accounts for 5%～30% of described anti-icing paint total mass; The structural formula of described crosslinkable polysiloxane is:
The number of repeat unit that wherein n is polysiloxane is 5～1000, R1, R2 is one or both in methyl, ethyl, phenyl, vinyl, propenyl, hydrogen base, oxyethyl group, chloro-phenyl-, trifluoro propyl, R3, and R4 is hydroxyl, methyl, ethyl, vinyl, one or both in propenyl; Described non-volatile hydrophobic liquid is one or more in silicone oil, liquid polybutene, liquid fluorocarbon, liquid fluorine silicon.
2. a kind of silicon gel anti-icing paint according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described non-volatile hydrophobic liquid range of viscosities is at room temperature 0.1～1000cm
2/ s.
3. a kind of silicon gel anti-icing paint according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described linking agent be selected from containing trifunctional or four-functional group silane in one or more; Described functional group is selected from one or more in acetoxyl group, alkoxyl group, oximido, amido, amide group, ketone group.
4. a kind of silicon gel anti-icing paint according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described catalyzer is selected from vinyl platinum complex Platinic chloride, dibutyl tin laurate, one or more in tin octylate.
5. a kind of silicon gel anti-icing paint according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described promotor is selected from one or more in amine propyl trimethoxy silicane, amine propyl-triethoxysilicane, methyl allyl acyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, allyltrimethoxysilanis, propanesulfonic acid Trimethoxy silane, propanesulfonic acid triethoxyl silane, gamma-methyl allyl acyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, gamma-methyl allyl acyloxypropyl triethoxyl silane, gamma-methyl allyl acyloxypropyl three (isopropoxy) silane.
6. a kind of silicon gel anti-icing paint according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described inorganic materials is selected from one or more in diatomite, activated alumina, gac, clay, polynite, silica gel, titanium dioxide.
7. a kind of silicon gel anti-icing paint according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: crosslinkable polysiloxane accounts for 20%～45% of described anti-icing paint total mass, and non-volatile hydrophobic liquid accounts for 40%～50% of described anti-icing paint total mass.
8. a kind of silicon gel anti-icing paint according to claim 1, is characterized in that: inorganic materials accounts for 8%～26% of described anti-icing paint total mass.
9. a preparation method who prepares the low ice adhesion silicon gel anti-icing paint described in claim 1-8 any one, it is characterized in that: by crosslinkable silicone, linking agent, catalyzer, promotor, non-volatile hydrophobic liquid and inorganic materials, mixing ball milling are even, obtain described anti-icing paint.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described Ball-milling Time is 6～120 hours.
11. methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that: described Ball-milling Time is 24～48 hours.
12. 1 kinds according to the application of a kind of silicon gel anti-icing paint described in claim 1～8 any one, it is characterized in that: described anti-icing paint is directly coated in to substrate surface, and film-forming obtains non-volatile hydrophobic liquid to be fixed on the ice-covering-proof coating of silicon gel in organo-silicone rubber network.
13. application according to claim 12, is characterized in that: described curing be curing reaction to occur 2～48 hours in the environment of room temperature～120 ℃.
14. application according to claim 12, is characterized in that: described curing be curing reaction to occur in the environment of 80～120 ℃ 6～24 hours.
15. application according to claim 12, is characterized in that: described base material is metal and oxide material, non-metallic material or organic materials;
Described metal and oxide material thereof are copper, aluminium, iron, titanium metal or its oxidized derivatives;
Described non-metallic material are glass or pottery;
Described organic materials is timber or macromolecule polymer material.
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| CN104629620A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-20 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing superhydrophobic anti-icing paint and coating |
| CN105062168A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-18 | 国网山东省电力公司临沂供电公司 | Ice-over resistant coating for feeder cable |
| CN105390189A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-09 | 国网河南邓州市供电公司 | Anti-icing cable |
| CN107787342A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2018-03-09 | 密执安州立大学董事会 | Durability dredges ice surface |
| CN108106042A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-01 | 石家庄大唐制冷设备有限公司 | Effectively prevent the air energy unit of evaporimeter frosting |
| WO2018223781A1 (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2018-12-13 | 洛阳尖端技术研究院 | Anti-icing coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN109111849A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2019-01-01 | 洛阳尖端技术研究院 | A kind of ice-covering-proof coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN109111744A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2019-01-01 | 洛阳尖端技术研究院 | A kind of ice-covering-proof pad pasting and preparation method thereof |
| WO2019047093A1 (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2019-03-14 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Thermally conductive ice-phobic coatings |
| CN110114425A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2019-08-09 | 西门子歌美飒可再生能源创新与技术有限公司 | Polymer composition with anti-icing and self-cleaning property |
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| CN112980302A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-18 | 天津大学 | Enhanced polysiloxane polyurea anti-icing coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN115044257A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Preparation method of stable low-ice-adhesion super-lubricating anti-ice coating |
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| CN104629620A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-05-20 | 浙江大学 | Method for preparing superhydrophobic anti-icing paint and coating |
| CN107787342A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2018-03-09 | 密执安州立大学董事会 | Durability dredges ice surface |
| CN105062168A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-18 | 国网山东省电力公司临沂供电公司 | Ice-over resistant coating for feeder cable |
| CN105390189A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2016-03-09 | 国网河南邓州市供电公司 | Anti-icing cable |
| CN105390189B (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-03-29 | 国网河南邓州市供电公司 | A kind of ice-covering-proof cable |
| CN110114425A (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2019-08-09 | 西门子歌美飒可再生能源创新与技术有限公司 | Polymer composition with anti-icing and self-cleaning property |
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| CN109111744A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2019-01-01 | 洛阳尖端技术研究院 | A kind of ice-covering-proof pad pasting and preparation method thereof |
| WO2019047093A1 (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2019-03-14 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Thermally conductive ice-phobic coatings |
| US11326059B2 (en) | 2017-09-07 | 2022-05-10 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Thermally conductive ice-phobic coatings |
| CN111406021A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2020-07-10 | 休斯敦大学*** | Viscoelastic ice-shedding surface |
| CN111406021B (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2023-09-22 | 休斯敦大学*** | Viscoelastic icephobic surfaces |
| CN108106042A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-06-01 | 石家庄大唐制冷设备有限公司 | Effectively prevent the air energy unit of evaporimeter frosting |
| CN112980302B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-03-25 | 天津大学 | Enhanced polysiloxane polyurea anti-icing coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN112980302A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-18 | 天津大学 | Enhanced polysiloxane polyurea anti-icing coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN115044257A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-09-13 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Preparation method of stable low-ice-adhesion super-lubricating anti-ice coating |
| CN115232560A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-10-25 | 国电电力湖南崀山风电开发有限公司 | Room-temperature self-drying super-hydrophobic anti-icing coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN115874492A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-03-31 | 上海理工大学 | High-waterproof environment-friendly packaging paper box and preparation method thereof |
| CN115874492B (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2023-08-01 | 上海理工大学 | High-waterproof environment-friendly packaging paper box and preparation method thereof |
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