CN1042013A - 光探测器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一个新型的光探测器，由一个板状吸收体和至少一个与之相连的光波导组成。光探测器所有的二部分都包含一种荧光染料，因此被照射的光被转化成一个荧光辐射。这个辐射通过全反射被引导至一个光敏半导体元件并在那里被测量。这个光探测器作为光栅、光学纤维转数器或UV(紫外线)探测器是合适的。
Description
本发明涉及一个基于荧光染料的光探测器，这些荧光染料被嵌入透明聚合物薄片及纤维之中。
已知，在光水平辐射进一个含有荧光染料的光波导的场合下，发生荧光辐射。通过全反射，这个荧光辐射可以被引到光波导的端面（参见Tanaka等，SpIE，840卷，“用于活动平台的纤维光学***”，p19）。
目的在于发现一个光探测器，由于其大的探测器表面，这个光探测器对污染是不敏感的及在光的接收区域里不需要任何电源线。
因此，本发明涉及一个光探测器，它是由一个板状光吸收体及至少一个与此光吸收体相连的光被导组成。
这个板状光吸收体可以有任何可选择的形状;圆形和长方形较好，特别是圆形，它可以是一个板或片，或者可以由一个光波导的扁平束组成，这些光波导又可以熔合在一起成为一个板。板或片较好。厚度是0.1-5mm，0.25-1.0mm较好。这个板状体由一透明聚合物组成，如聚碳酸脂，聚氯乙烯，聚苯乙烯或有机玻璃。
至少有一个光波导被连在板状光吸收体上，这个光波导连在一个边缘上较好。这个光波导可以终止在这个边缘上或沿着此边缘相连。较可取的是沿着此边缘相连;因而这个光波导在其窄边围绕着板状体。
这个光波导可以是市场上方便买到的纤维，较为可取的是此纤维由一透明聚合物芯子如聚碳酸脂，聚苯乙烯或有机玻璃，及一带有低折射率的聚合物外壳组成。聚合物外壳以一氟化丙烯酸盐为好。
光波导同板状体同样厚是有利的，以0.25到1.0mm厚为较好。一个单个光波导也可以由一束光波导来取代。
板状体及光波导在每种场合至少含有一种荧光染料;在这种场合，板染料的辐射波长范围必须与光波导染料的吸收波长范围重叠。在这个光波导的场合，染料不但可放在芯子而且也可放在外壳或者同时放在二者之中。合适的荧光染料特别是有机化合物如二萘嵌苯染料，苯呫吨（benzoxanfhenes），另一种是无机化合物如硫化锌。
如果具有合适光波的光，如从电灯或是一个发光二极管发出的光碰在板状体上，那么在这个体中射出荧光，这个荧光通过全反射被高效地引到边缘。这个全反射发生在所有板状体-空气边界表面上。然而，这个板状体也可以被涂上一个具有低折射率的透明涂层。在这个板状体的边缘，高强度的荧光碰在光导纤维上。如果体纤维里的染料互相协调，使体中染料的光谱辐射范围与光导纤维染料的光谱吸收范围相一致，则来自板状体的光引起光波导内的荧光辐射，在光波导内，荧光辐射通过全反射在其部分内被引导并在光波导的末端显露出来。在那里设置一个光敏半导体元件，例如一个硅二极管，它探测此辐射。这个二极管可以是小面积的，因而是低噪声的。
为了避免附加光引起光波导可能的干扰辐射在光波导远离板状体的边上用一个吸收包层如一个黑色金属薄片围起来。用于防止机械或化学应力或者用于控制全反射的透明涂层可以被应用到板状体或光波导。为了越过一个很大的距离将光信号传送到半导体元件上，由聚合物或玻璃组成的低衰耗光波导可以被连到荧光光波导的末端上。
附图显示了根据本发明的光探测器的最佳实施例。
图1，图示了一个光探测器，在这个探测器中一个薄圆板（1）在边缘上被一光波导夹住，光波导的二个末端通向一个光敏半导体元件（3）。
图2，图示了一个光探测器，在此探测器中掺有荧光染料的小塑料板1被粘接在一个光波导（2）上。
图3，图示了一个光探测器，在此探测器中板状体（1）由光波导的一个扁平束组成并直接汇合进一束光波导（2）中。
图4，图示了二个根据图3的光探测器，每个都包含由光波导的一个扁平束组成的一个板状体（1），此光波导直接汇合成一光波导圆形束（2），并被嵌入、水平排列在一个由透明铸塑树脂组成的块体（3）里。块体（3）的侧面4对紫外线（uv）辐射是敏感的。
本发明的探测器的优点在于：
-非常大的敏感表面成为可能，此外，这个表面可以用薄膜表面的适当遮拦以任意方式来设计。例如非透明金属薄片或粘附片可以被用于此遮拦。
-探测器的非常小的总厚度，小到大约0.1mm。
-纯光操作，即在光探测区里不需任何电源线。因而，用在X-区也是可能的。
-由于这个大的灵敏表面，这个探测器对污染是不敏感的。因此，对于应用于光栅或光学纤维转数器（revolntion counters）是非常合适的。
-由于这个大的探测表面，不需或只需轻微的调整力。
-由于这个大的探测器表面的结果，具有带大面积光源的好灵敏性。
-从板状体的所有二个边的光探测是可能的。即使有用的光只从一边进入，另一端可以用一个不透明涂层来复盖。
-通过染料浓度的适当选择，只探测小部分的测量光是可能的，但是要让主要部分通过探测器以便进一步检测。因而探测器可被用于强度或时间参考。
-在板状体的荧光染料的吸收区域，探测器的光谱灵敏性是有选择性的，并且可以通过这个染料的选择与测量问题相适应。
-通过掺杂了不同的荧光染料的多元板状体的串联接，从各种光谱区来的光可以被分离以及被选择地探测。由于这个原因探测器可用作接收器，在如下结构里即数字编码信息按不同波长在一个光波导里被传递，并且为了在这个接受器（波长多元通路）上读出信息，波长通道必须被分离开来。
例1.
一个掺有绿色有机荧光染料的圆形聚碳酸，脂薄片（0.45mm厚，直径为60mm），与图1相一致，被一个光波导所环绕，这个光波导的聚碳酸脂芯子掺有一个红色荧光染料。薄片的辐射范围是460-620nm，最大值在500nm。光波导染料的吸收范围是在500-600nm，最大值在570nm。其辐射范围发生在590-720nm，最大值在610nm。在2米的距离上照射该探测器，用这种方式该探测器可用做光栅，它可以指示出当一个人通过时光束的遮断。另外，探测器的相对灵敏度被作为从薄片来的光辐射区域的一个功能来测定。很明显，探测器是很均匀的并且在其全表面上所指示的强度波动只在±5%以内。
例2
将一个直径1mm的有机玻璃光波导，根据图2，在其窄边，施加到一个小的有机玻璃盘上，这个有机玻璃盘的宽度为1cm，高度为0.5cm，厚度为1mm，并被掺杂一个荧光染料。这个染料的最大吸收值是在560nm;最大辐射值在605nm。这个小盘被放在一个带有一个孔隙的旋转圆盘前面，并且这个盘带有一个绿色发光二极管（λ＝565nm）的另一边被照射。这种结构表示了一个光转数器，在这个光转数器中，盘的转速用光束的周期性遮断的方法来测定。
例3
直径为1mm的有机玻璃光波导在其外壳内掺有由CaSiO3Mn，pb，或是2nS∶Cu组成的荧光颜料。这个外壳是由折射率为1.42的一个氟化丙烯酸脂组成。将Mn，pb，Cn作为激活剂分别加入，是为了在小于320nm或是320-400nm的波长范围内实现这些颜料的最佳激发。当具有这些波长的UV（紫外线）光被辐射出时，分别产生红和绿色荧光而且这些荧光被引至纤维末端。当发红光的纤维受到光照时，小于320nm的UV（紫外线）辐射被检测，这个辐射被称作UV-B辐射，在相对长的皮肤辐射这种场合，会引起有害肿瘤。
对于另一个纤维，它在320-400nm的范围是敏感的，它被激发出荧光，出现无害的UV-A辐射，这由在纤维末端的绿光束指示。这就导致获得一个用于监控日光洛室和太阳床的简单的UV（紫外线）探测器。
实施这样一个探测器的一个实际规则在于，根据图3的一个发红光探测器及一个类似的发绿光的探测器被水平放置并被嵌入一个由一透明铸塑树脂组成的块状体内;在这种场合，这个块状体的一个侧面对UV光（紫外线）是敏感的，参见图4。
Claims (6)
1、一种光探测器，其特征在于由一个板状光吸收体和至少一个与之相连的光波导组成。
2、根据权利要求1所述的光探测器，其特征为光波导在板状体的边缘与之相连。
3、根据权利要求1所述的光探测器，其特征在于板状体是圆形的。
4、根据权利要求1所述的光探测器，其特征在于板状体的厚度为0.1-5mm。
5、根据权利要求1所述的光探测器，其特征在于板状体和光波导是由一个透明聚合物组成。
6、根据权利要求1所述的光探测器作为光栅使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3832803.8 | 1988-09-28 | ||
| DE3832803A DE3832803A1 (de) | 1988-09-28 | 1988-09-28 | Lichtdetektor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1042013A true CN1042013A (zh) | 1990-05-09 |
| CN1015934B CN1015934B (zh) | 1992-03-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN89107519A Expired CN1015934B (zh) | 1988-09-28 | 1989-09-27 | 光探测器 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5132530A (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP0361374B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JPH02141629A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR900005195A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1015934B (zh) |
| AT (1) | ATE97232T1 (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU633016B2 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA1332456C (zh) |
| DE (2) | DE3832803A1 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2047637T3 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101171691B (zh) * | 2005-09-26 | 2010-11-17 | 香港应用科技研究院有限公司 | 光探测器及其光设备 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3841136A1 (de) * | 1988-12-07 | 1990-06-13 | Hoechst Ag | Strahlungsdetektor |
| JP3019274B2 (ja) * | 1991-09-04 | 2000-03-13 | 東京電力株式会社 | 光検出装置 |
| GB9119242D0 (en) * | 1991-09-09 | 1991-10-23 | Univ Coventry | Data transmission |
| US5321268A (en) * | 1993-02-22 | 1994-06-14 | Northwest Marine Technology, Inc. | Undersea probe |
| GB9424523D0 (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 1995-01-25 | At & T Global Inf Solution | Optical receiver for modulated light |
| DE19514981C2 (de) * | 1995-04-24 | 1997-10-02 | Rudolf Prof Dr Ing Wimmershoff | Meßsystem zur Detektierung von elektrischen Entladungen bzw. Lichtbögen und zur Erfassung von Temperaturen und elektrischen Strömen in Anlagen, Maschinen und Geräten mit Hilfe von ortsverteilten, fluoreszierenden faseroptischen Sensoren |
| US5651086A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-07-22 | The Boeing Company | Trilaminar dual reflex light guide |
| EP0768516A1 (en) * | 1995-10-16 | 1997-04-16 | European Community | Interferometer optical transducer and relative fabrication method |
| FR2750207B1 (fr) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-07-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Senseur optique de position, dispositif optique incorporant plusieurs senseurs, et procede d'alignement |
| US5796472A (en) * | 1996-09-10 | 1998-08-18 | Wirthlin; Alvin R. | Optical translucency indicator for measurement of air filter dirtiness, liquid level, thickness, and other parameters |
| FR2758892B1 (fr) * | 1997-01-27 | 1999-02-19 | Alsthom Cge Alcatel | Cable a fibres optiques |
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| DE102008006955B4 (de) | 2008-01-31 | 2010-07-22 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Herstellung und Applikationen multifunktionaler optischer Module zur photovoltaischen Stromerzeugung und für Beleuchtungszwecke |
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| GB8710522D0 (en) * | 1987-05-02 | 1987-06-03 | Swan Thomas & Co Ltd | Detection of ultraviolet radiation |
-
1988
- 1988-09-28 DE DE3832803A patent/DE3832803A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1989
- 1989-09-25 JP JP1248998A patent/JPH02141629A/ja active Pending
- 1989-09-26 DE DE89117705T patent/DE58906161D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-09-26 AT AT89117705T patent/ATE97232T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-09-26 ES ES89117705T patent/ES2047637T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-26 EP EP89117705A patent/EP0361374B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-27 CN CN89107519A patent/CN1015934B/zh not_active Expired
- 1989-09-27 AU AU41773/89A patent/AU633016B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-09-27 KR KR1019890013870A patent/KR900005195A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-09-27 CA CA000613575A patent/CA1332456C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-09-18 US US07/762,556 patent/US5132530A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101171691B (zh) * | 2005-09-26 | 2010-11-17 | 香港应用科技研究院有限公司 | 光探测器及其光设备 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02141629A (ja) | 1990-05-31 |
| EP0361374A2 (de) | 1990-04-04 |
| KR900005195A (ko) | 1990-04-13 |
| ES2047637T3 (es) | 1994-03-01 |
| US5132530A (en) | 1992-07-21 |
| ATE97232T1 (de) | 1993-11-15 |
| EP0361374B1 (de) | 1993-11-10 |
| CA1332456C (en) | 1994-10-11 |
| EP0361374A3 (en) | 1990-05-30 |
| AU633016B2 (en) | 1993-01-21 |
| AU4177389A (en) | 1990-04-05 |
| CN1015934B (zh) | 1992-03-18 |
| DE58906161D1 (de) | 1993-12-16 |
| DE3832803A1 (de) | 1990-03-29 |
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