CN104198238A - Preparation method of fractured reservoir model - Google Patents
Preparation method of fractured reservoir model Download PDFInfo
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- CN104198238A CN104198238A CN201410399987.9A CN201410399987A CN104198238A CN 104198238 A CN104198238 A CN 104198238A CN 201410399987 A CN201410399987 A CN 201410399987A CN 104198238 A CN104198238 A CN 104198238A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a fractured reservoir model, which comprises the following steps: s1: selecting a rock core sample; s2: cutting the selected core sample into a first rock sample and a second rock sample; s3: vertically arranging a first rock sample section upwards, placing at least one supporting piece for simulating cracks on the section, and controlling the thickness of the supporting piece to obtain rock cores with different crack openness; s4: placing a second rock sample on the first rock sample, and oppositely butting the sections; s5: and binding and fixing the first rock sample and the second rock sample to obtain a fractured reservoir model. According to the preparation method of the fractured reservoir model, the fractured reservoir models with different quantity levels of fracture openness are provided for the fractured reservoir experiment by controlling the fracture openness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil-gas field development core experiment technology, particularly a kind of preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model.
Background technology
In oilfield explorating developing process, conventionally need to, by stratigraphic horizon and the degree of depth, carry out and creep into, in well, be lowered to coring tool, to drill through out core sample.The described core sample drilling through out is to understand subsurface formations and contain ore deposit feature geologic information in kind the most directly perceived, most important.
Correspondingly make as required when obtaining after core sample, thereby the fracture-type reservoir experiment such as physical simulation experiment of oozing mutually Gas Reservoirs water enchroachment (invasion) at the bottom of experiment, pore pattern carbonate rock reservoir gas reservoir air feed mechanism experiment, Fractured for such as fractured reservoirs profit, air water provides required fracture-type reservoir model.
Current laboratory is prepared fracture-type reservoir model and is conventionally adopted natural core to make seam method.It is mainly that rock core side is applied to external force that described natural core is made seam method, makes it longitudinally to split, form and run through seam, then as required form run through seam in fill a certain amount of propping agent.Described propping agent is generally cementing silica sand.The number of described propping agent has determined the size of described rock core fracture aperture.But fill the amount of concrete how many described propping agents, normally by virtue of experience, be difficult to accurately grasp at present.Thereby the also very difficult accurately grasp of the fracture aperture size of rock core described in experiment, under normal circumstances, the fracture aperture of described rock core is all very large, is difficult to meet the fracture aperture requirement to rock core crack varying number grade in fracture-type reservoir experiment.
Therefore need at present one can control rock core fracture aperture, thereby test the fracture-type reservoir model with varying number grade is provided for fracture-type reservoir.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model, by controlling the aperture in crack, thereby test the fracture-type reservoir model with varying number grade fracture aperture is provided for fracture-type reservoir.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can adopt following technical proposal to realize:
A preparation method for fracture-type reservoir model, comprising:
S1: choose core sample;
S2: the core sample of choosing is cut into the first rock sample and the second rock sample;
S3: by the first rock sample section vertically upward, arrange the support member for simulation fracture of at least one on its section, by controlling the thickness of described support member, to obtain the rock core with different fracture apertures;
S4: the second rock sample is placed on described the first rock sample, and the section of described the first rock sample and the section of described the second rock sample are connected;
S5: described the first rock sample and described the second rock sample are tied up fixing, to obtain fracture-type reservoir model.
In a preferred embodiment, the preparation method of described fracture-type reservoir model, also comprises:
S6: the fracture-type reservoir model of acquisition is vacuumized;
S7: will carry out saturation water processing and displacement test through the fracture-type reservoir model vacuumizing to obtain fracture porosity, the permeability of fracture-type reservoir model.
In a preferred embodiment, described support member is made of metal.
In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of described support member is less than 1 millimeter, and its compressibility coefficient is less than the compressibility coefficient of core sample.
In a preferred embodiment, the material of described metal comprises stainless steel.
In a preferred embodiment, described support member forms crack between the core sample of two incisions, by combination and the arrangement mode of different support members, obtains the crack of different shape.
In a preferred embodiment, described support member is strip, and arranges along the long axis direction of core sample, the major axis of its length and core sample equal in length.
In a preferred embodiment, on the sidewall of described the first rock sample and the second rock sample, seal fixing by the mode that raw material band ties up is set.
In a preferred embodiment, the pore type rock core that described core sample is homogeneous.
In a preferred embodiment, after described core sample cuts, the Volume Loss that cutting causes is no more than 5% of original volume.
The features and advantages of the invention are: the preparation method who the invention provides a kind of fracture-type reservoir model, compared with the preparation method of the silica sand cementing with existing interpolation, can be by controlling the thickness of support member, effectively control the aperture in crack, thereby test the fracture-type reservoir model with varying number grade fracture aperture is provided for fracture-type reservoir.The fracture-type reservoir model obtaining due to the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention in addition can be reused, therefore the fracture morphology of cannot adjusting the model obtaining in the preparation method of the silica sand cementing with respect to existing interpolation repeats for experiment, not only greatly save the use amount of natural core, and can repeat cutting profile, greatly save experimental work amount.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is steps flow chart Fig. 1 of the preparation of a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is steps flow chart Fig. 2 of the preparation of a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the core sample cut-away illustration that a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention uses;
Fig. 4 is support member arrangenent diagram 1 in a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is support member arrangenent diagram 2 in a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of fracture-type reservoir model structure of the present invention schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated, should understand these embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall in the application's claims limited range the amendment of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model, by controlling the aperture in crack, thereby test the fracture-type reservoir model with varying number grade fracture aperture is provided for fracture-type reservoir.
As shown in Figure 1, steps flow chart Fig. 1 of the preparation of a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention, comprising:
S1: choose core sample;
S2: the core sample of choosing is cut into the first rock sample and the second rock sample;
S3: by the first rock sample section vertically upward, arrange the support member for simulation fracture of at least one on its section, by controlling the thickness of described support member, to obtain the rock core with different fracture apertures;
S4: the second rock sample is placed on described the first rock sample, and the section of described the first rock sample and the section of described the second rock sample are connected;
S5: described the first rock sample and described the second rock sample are tied up fixing, to obtain fracture-type reservoir model.
Wherein, the core sample of choosing in S1 can be natural core, can be also synthetic core.Described core sample can be the less pore type rock core of permeability of relative homogeneous.The described core sample of choosing is column type, can be that diameter is that 2.5 centimetres, length are the little rock sample of 3.8 centimetres or can are that diameter is the full diameter rock sample of 10 centimetres.Described full diameter rock sample can intercept suitable length as required.The core sample of choosing in S1 is the column type that is provided with both ends of the surface and sidewall.
In the time that the core sample of choosing in S1 is column type, by the core sample of choosing in S1 along being axially cut into the first rock sample and the second rock sample.For example can be cut into uniform two along the axis of described core sample, on the section cutting at described core sample, need to ensure smooth.After described core sample cuts, the Volume Loss that cutting causes should be no more than 5% of original volume.
On the section of arbitrary core sample of above-mentioned incision, arrange support member, existing behind gap making between described support member and support member, between described support member and the section of core sample forms the crack of opening between the section of two core samples.Described support member can be the sheet metal that hardness is high, deformation is little.The material of described sheet metal can be stainless steel.The thickness of described sheet metal is less than 1 millimeter, and its compressibility coefficient is less than the compressibility coefficient of core sample, and for example, under the pressure of 100 MPas, its compressibility coefficient is less than 10
-4thereby, ensure that fracture aperture is controlled in fracture-type reservoir experimentation.Cube being directly proportional of the permeability of described core sample and described fracture aperture, therefore the fracture aperture of described core sample is determining its permeability size.The shape of described sheet metal, number, placement location independent assortment as required.Described support member forms crack between the core sample of two incisions, by combination and the arrangement mode of different support members, obtains the crack of different shape.
A rock core that arranges support member is relatively again spliced and fixed with another piece core profile cutting, obtain fracture-type reservoir model.Two blocks of rock cores in S5 can be fixed by the mode of tying up, for example, can use the mode of raw material band parcel, on the sidewall of described core sample, by using raw material band, wrap layer by layer spirally, make its shape invariance in experiment, and on sidewall, form sealant.
The preparation method of a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention, mainly accurately controls by the thickness to support member, thereby simulation has the fracture-type reservoir model of different fracture apertures.The thickness of wherein said support member is corresponding with described fracture aperture, and the thickness of support member is thicker, and the fracture aperture of formation is larger.The preparation method of a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention can also accurately control the number of support member, placement location in addition, thereby simulation has the crack of different fracture widths and various combination.Spacing between described support member is corresponding with described fracture width, and the spacing of described support member is larger, and the width in the crack of formation is wider; The diverse location that described support member is placed can form the crack of various combination, different shape.
In S5, after described fracture-type reservoir model prepares, as shown in Figure 2, also comprise the steps:
S6: the fracture-type reservoir model of acquisition is vacuumized;
S7: will carry out saturation water processing and displacement test through the fracture-type reservoir model vacuumizing to obtain fracture porosity, the permeability of fracture-type reservoir model.
The preparation method's of a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of use the present invention experimentation is as follows:
As shown in Figure 3, the core sample cut-away illustration that a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention uses, described core sample 1 can use core cutter to cut vertically, is divided into the first rock sample 11 and the second rock sample 12.
As shown in Fig. 4 to 5, need on the incision section 10 of the first rock sample 11 or the second rock sample 12, place one or more sheet metals according to experiment, the crack of different shape can be simulated in the gap forming between described sheet metal and core sample 1.As shown in Figure 4, described sheet metal 21 is that multiple little rectangular blocks interval is arranged.Wherein a sideline of sheet metal 21 rectangles and the sideline of section 10 approach or overlap.
As shown in Figure 5, described sheet metal 22 is strip, and described sheet metal 22 is along the axis direction layout of core sample 1, and the number of described sheet metal 22 is two, between described sheet metal 22 and core sample 1, is formed with axially extended vertical masonry joint.The length of described sheet metal 22 approaches or equates with the axial length of core sample 1.In the time that described sheet metal 22 equates with the axial length of described core sample 1, the justify align of the two ends of described sheet metal 22 and described core sample 1, whole core sample 1 is played a supporting role, be conducive in follow-up displacement test, fluid flows into and flows out from the both ends of the surface of described core sample 1.
When arranging after sheet metal on the section 10 at the first rock sample 11 or the second rock sample 12, described the first rock sample 11 and the second rock sample 12 are stitched together again, and on the sidewall of core sample 1, suitably wrap up raw material band, so that its shape invariance in experiment, thereby fracture-type reservoir model formed.Due in displacement test, fluid is from two end face inflow and outflows, and after parcel, fluid cannot pass through, and therefore must not have raw material band parcel in the both ends of the surface of described core sample 1.
Next rock core disposal route vacuumizes the fracture-type reservoir model completing routinely, saturation water processing, and carry out displacement test, thus obtain the factor of porosity of fracture-type reservoir model, permeability.Finally fracture-type reservoir model is put into core holding unit, add confined pressure and carry out the experiment of corresponding fracture-type reservoir.
Described model is put into after core holding unit due to confined pressure effect, and the first rock sample 11 and the second rock sample 12 are squeezed into an entirety by external force, middlely forms crack owing to placing sheet metal.As shown in Figure 6, for a kind of fracture-type reservoir model structure of the present invention schematic diagram, wherein, on the end face of fracture-type reservoir model 3, do not wrap up the position of raw material band, show crack 31.
The model that the preparation method of a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention obtains is after experiment finishes, can pull down the raw material band of parcel, the first rock sample 11 is separated with the second rock sample 12, and on described the first rock sample 11 or the second rock sample 12, reappose the sheet metal of different support use, carry out revision test, to simulate difform crack.
And while adopting the preparation method of the cementing silica sand of existing interpolation, in crack due to described core sample, add the propping agent of cementing silica sand, after adding described propping agent, described core sample is cementing to be integrated, rock core fracture morphology is fixing, described core sample again cannot be separated, adjusts fracture morphology and repeat experiment, therefore natural core be caused larger waste and increases experimental work amount.
Contrast existing preparation method, because the fracture-type reservoir model that the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention obtains can be reused, therefore the model obtaining in the preparation method of the silica sand cementing with respect to existing interpolation cannot repeat for experiment, not only greatly save the use amount of natural core, and can repeat cutting profile, greatly save experimental work amount.
In the fracture-type reservoir physical simulation experiment of Reservoir Development, conventionally need to adopt the close sandstone of permeability, stitch method by man made, simulation forms different stage, the crack of different permeability range.
The preparation method's of the cementing silica sand of the preparation method of a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention and existing interpolation contrast test is below provided.
Experiment one: adopt the preparation method of a kind of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention, its concrete operations are as follows:
First choose diameter and be the natural core sample of 3.8 centimetres, carry out four tests, four experiments be numbered respectively 2-1,2-2,2-3,2-4; First carry out after conventional factor of porosity, permeability survey, core sample being dried.Then by core sample symmetrical incision vertically, on incision section, press the fracture morphology arrangement mode symmetry shown in Fig. 5 and place two sheet metals.Described sheet metal length is consistent with the core sample length that need to make seam, and width is 1 centimetre, and in four tests, the thickness of core sample is correspondingly respectively 0.1 millimeter, 0.2 millimeter, 0.3 millimeter, 0.4 millimeter.Two core samples that place sheet metal are stitched together again, and at core sample sidewall outer wrapping raw material band, form fracture-type reservoir model.
The fracture aperture of the fracture-type reservoir model forming by said method is respectively: 0.1 millimeter, 0.2 millimeter, 0.3 millimeter, 0.4 millimeter crack not etc.,
Calculate the total porosity of making the rear core sample of seam by saturation water weight method, and then calculate the fracture porosity forming; Then vacuumize normally, saturation water processing, and can obtain by experiment the factor of porosity of fracture-type reservoir model; Finally fracture-type reservoir model is put into core holding unit, add confined pressure and test, to obtain the permeability of fracture-type reservoir model.Four tests of the above-mentioned 2-1 of being numbered, 2-2,2-3,2-4 all adopt the confined pressure of 3 MPas to test, and to measure the permeability of fracture-type reservoir model, measure the data that obtain as shown in table 1.
Test two: adopt the preparation method of the cementing silica sand of existing interpolation, its concrete operations are as follows:
First choose equally 4 diameters and be the natural core sample of 3.8 centimetres, carry out four tests, experiment numbers is numbered respectively 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4.
Taking experiment 1-1 as example, first carry out after conventional factor of porosity, permeability survey, core sample being dried.Then core sample side is applied to external force, make it longitudinally to split, form and run through seam.Then according to form run through seam in fill a certain amount of cementing silica sand propping agent, described filling quartz propping agent quality is respectively 0.5g, 1.0g, 2.0g and 4.0g.Adopt existing interpolation silica sand to manufacture crack rock core as the method for making of propping agent simultaneously, and obtain corresponding parameter.Calculate by saturation water weight method the total porosity of making the rear core sample of seam again, and then calculate the fracture porosity forming; Then vacuumize normally, saturation water processing, and can obtain by experiment fracture porosity, permeability.
The prepared fracture parameters of preparation method of existing method and fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention contrasts as shown in table 1.
Contrast knownly, existingly add the crack that quartz forms as the method for propping agent often aperture is larger, crevice volume also concentrates on 0.93 milliliter to 1.38 milliliters, and permeability also all concentrates on thousands of millidarcies, is difficult to form different stage crack; And the crack that adopts the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention to manufacture, can effectively adjust fracture aperture according to the thickness of sheet metal, 0.09 milliliter to 0.95 milliliter of crevice volume is not etc., formation has the fracture-type reservoir model of the permeability of the various orders of magnitude, and its permeability distribution is between 8.7 millidarcy to 1235 millidarcies.Therefore, adopt the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model of the present invention more can adapt to different fracture-type reservoir experiment demands.
The foregoing is only several embodiments of the present invention, although the disclosed embodiment of the present invention as above, the embodiment that described content just adopts for the ease of understanding the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.Any those skilled in the art; do not departing under the prerequisite of the disclosed spirit and scope of the present invention; can in the formal and details of embodiment, do any amendment and variation; but scope of patent protection of the present invention, still must be as the criterion with the scope that appended claims was defined.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for fracture-type reservoir model, is characterized in that, comprising:
S1: choose core sample;
S2: the core sample of choosing is cut into the first rock sample and the second rock sample;
S3: by the first rock sample section vertically upward, arrange the support member for simulation fracture of at least one on its section, by controlling the thickness of described support member, to obtain the rock core with different fracture apertures;
S4: the second rock sample is placed on described the first rock sample, and the section of described the first rock sample and the section of described the second rock sample are connected;
S5: described the first rock sample and described the second rock sample are tied up fixing, to obtain fracture-type reservoir model.
2. the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises:
S6: the fracture-type reservoir model of acquisition is vacuumized;
S7: will carry out saturation water processing and displacement test through the fracture-type reservoir model vacuumizing to obtain fracture porosity, the permeability of fracture-type reservoir model.
3. the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: described support member is made of metal.
4. the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model as described in claim 3, is characterized in that: the thickness of described support member is less than 1 millimeter, and its compressibility coefficient is less than the compressibility coefficient of core sample.
5. the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model as described in claim 4, is characterized in that: the material of described metal comprises stainless steel.
6. the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model as described in claim 4, is characterized in that: described support member forms crack between the core sample of two incisions, by combination and the arrangement mode of different support members, obtains the crack of different shape.
7. the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: described support member is strip, and arranges along the long axis direction of core sample, the major axis of its length and core sample equal in length.
8. the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: on the sidewall of described the first rock sample and the second rock sample, seal fixing by the mode that raw material band ties up is set.
9. the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: the pore type rock core that described core sample is homogeneous.
10. the preparation method of fracture-type reservoir model as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: after described core sample cuts, the Volume Loss that cutting causes is no more than 5% of original volume.
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| CN105181409A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-23 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Simulation model for simulating cracks in rock strata and making method of simulation model |
| CN105300770A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-02-03 | 西南石油大学 | Preparation method of fractured carbonate rock core |
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