CN104197635A - Port staying re-liquefaction system and liquefaction method for LNG (liquefied natural gas) fuel powered ship - Google Patents
Port staying re-liquefaction system and liquefaction method for LNG (liquefied natural gas) fuel powered ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN104197635A CN104197635A CN201410476401.4A CN201410476401A CN104197635A CN 104197635 A CN104197635 A CN 104197635A CN 201410476401 A CN201410476401 A CN 201410476401A CN 104197635 A CN104197635 A CN 104197635A
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- lng
- heat exchanger
- liquefaction
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 title abstract description 51
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical class [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
- F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/007—Primary atmospheric gases, mixtures thereof
- F25J1/0072—Nitrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0203—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle
- F25J1/0208—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using a single-component refrigerant [SCR] fluid in a closed vapor compression cycle in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop, e.g. with deep flash recycle loop
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
- F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
- F25J2220/62—Separating low boiling components, e.g. He, H2, N2, Air
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a port staying re-liquefaction system for an LNG (liquefied natural gas) fuel powered ship. By the aid of the port staying re-liquefaction system, boil-off gas (BOG) in an LNG fuel cabin can be treated by the aid of a re-liquefaction device when the ship stays in a port and then is condensed to obtain liquid fuel, and the liquid fuel can return the fuel cabin. The BOG is treated by the aid of internal vapor pressures of the cabin or a BOG compressor, then flows through a precooler and a low-temperature heat exchanger and is condensed by the aid of cold energy generated by a nitrogen expansion refrigeration system, and the condensed liquefied natural gas is collected by a gas-liquid separator and is transferred into a fuel tank by the aid of an LNG pump. The port staying re-liquefaction system has the advantages that the designed pressures of the LNG fuel cabin are controlled, so that the boil-off gas (BOG) in the fuel cabin can be effectively treated, excessive pressures of the LNG fuel cabin can be prevented, and the port staying re-liquefaction system is safe and reliable in use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of LNG fuels and energy ship harbour and stop liquefaction system again, for the boil-off gas (BOG) of superpressure in LNG fuel compartment is sent back to the operation in fuel compartment after condensation liquefaction again again.
Background technology
In recent years, along with atmosphere pollution is day by day serious, the control increasingly stringent of the gas discharging of the whole world to boats and ships.The developed countries such as America and Europe have set up the control zone of oneself, reach at the appointed time TierII and TierIII discharge standard.For solving the severe contamination problem in the Changjiang river and Zhujiang River waters, plan " gasification the Changjiang river " and " the gasification Zhujiang River " engineering.
Boats and ships natural gas fuel can reduce more than 30% carbon emission and discharged nitrous oxides, more than 98% sulfide emission and the fuel cost of 30% left and right.Therefore, to use natural gas instead be that fuel is energy-saving and emission-reduction, improves the most directly effective measures of transport benefits to boats and ships.In recent years, nearly all shipowner, considering that its existing ship is transformed into the boats and ships taking LNG as main fuel, is at least transformed into the boats and ships taking LNG as auxiliary fuel, to can use LNG in emission control district of various countries, reaches discharge standard.
Liquefied natural gas is a kind of inflammable, explosive, easy leak materials, can boats and ships safely, use efficiently, transport, store liquefied natural gas, be related to the energy-saving and emission-reduction of Shipping industry, reduce cost of transportation, the problem that maritime affairs authorities of Zhe Yeshi various countries are very concerned about and pay attention to.
LNG fuel storage is in fuel compartment, boil-off gas (BOG) in holding vessel is in normally navigation process of boats and ships, can directly consume after by compressor pressurizes by the gaseous fuel main frame on ship or subsidiary engine, but for part boats and ships, owing to being subject to the impact of main frame supply gas pressure and power for auxiliary machinery, boil-off gas (BOG) in LNG fuel storage cabin cannot be consumed completely, especially boats and ships stop under the state of port, the consumption of boil-off gas (BOG) is lower, this part unnecessary boil-off gas (BOG) can be considered to be stored in storage tank by the mode of pressure accumulation, if adopt the mode of pressure accumulation, need the design pressure of storage tank higher, can pressure accumulation part gas.Thus, along with the design pressure of fuel compartment increases, the weight of fuel compartment and expenditure of construction also increase accordingly.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that [1] will solve
The invention provides a kind of LNG fuels and energy ship harbour and stop liquefaction system again.This is when liquefaction system cannot be consumed by marine main engine completely for solving the BOG gas of evaporation in fuel compartment again, and guarantee marine fuel cabin maintains lower pressure.
The technical scheme of [2] dealing with problems
The invention provides a kind of LNG fuels and energy ship harbour and stop liquefaction system again, it comprises evaporimeter liquefaction cycle device and the nitrogen refrigerating circulatory device again connecting by cryogenic heat exchanger 6;
Described evaporimeter again liquefaction cycle device comprises forecooler 1, gas-liquid separator 7 and LNG pump 8, the outlet of described forecooler 1 is connected with the first cold side inlet of described cryogenic heat exchanger 6, the first cold side outlet of described cryogenic heat exchanger 6 is connected with the entrance of described gas-liquid separator 7, the outlet of described gas-liquid separator 7 is branched off into 2 road drain pipes, wherein a road drain pipe is communicated with described forecooler, and another road drain pipe is connected to LNG fuel reservoir after described LNG pump 8;
Nitrogen refrigerating circulatory device comprises and holds nitrogen device 2, nitrogen compressor 4 and nitrogen expansion machine 5, described outlet of holding nitrogen device 2 is connected with the hot junction of described cryogenic heat exchanger 6 after described nitrogen compressor 4, the hot junction outlet of described cryogenic heat exchanger 6 is connected with the second cold side inlet of described cryogenic heat exchanger 6 after described nitrogen expansion machine 5, and the second cold side outlet of described cryogenic heat exchanger 6 is connected with the entrance point of described nitrogen compressor 4.
Further, also comprise water cooler 3, carry out cooling for the gas that described nitrogen compressor (4) is discharged.
Further, described water cooler 3 is tertiary effluent cooler, and described nitrogen compressor 4 is three grades of nitrogen compressors.
Further, the kinetic energy producing in described nitrogen expansion machine 5 expansion processes for to described nitrogen compressor 4 as driving force.
The present invention also provides a kind of liquifying method that uses this LNG fuels and energy ship harbour to stop again liquefaction system, and it adopts nitrogen, as cold-producing medium, the boil-off gas in LNG fuel compartment is carried out to condensation, makes to get back to LNG fuel compartment after its liquefaction.
Further, the boil-off gas in described LNG fuel compartment relies in cabin self-pressure to flow through after forecooler and cryogenic heat exchanger condensation to collect by gas-liquid separator.
Further, adopt nitrogen as cold-producing medium, nitrogen, after multi-stage compression, adopts nitrogen expansion machine expansion acting to make to become low temperature nitrogen after high pressure nitrogen expansion, until nitrogen temperature reaches the condensation temperature of LNG.
Further, it comprises the following steps:
A, by forecooler regulate boil-off gas to the temperature of cryogenic heat exchanger import+25 DEG C of left and right;
B, BOG gas after treatment enter the first cold junction of cryogenic heat exchanger, carry out after heat exchange with the low temperature nitrogen after expanding, temperature is reduced to-159 DEG C, enter subsequently gas-liquid separator and carry out gas-liquid separation, the boil-off gas being liquefied comes back to LNG fuel reservoir, and the boil-off gas gas of liquefaction does not return and in forecooler, carries out liquefaction cycle more next time;
C, nitrogen are after multi-stage compression, and pressure is compressed to 57.0bar by 13.3bar, and the gas after every grade of compression adopts the cooling water on ship to be cooled to normal temperature;
D, through the nitrogen after afterbody compression after supercooling, enter the hot junction of cryogenic heat exchanger, carry out after heat exchange with the low temperature after nitrogen decompressor expands, its temperature is cooled to-110 DEG C gradually.
E, enter low temperature nitrogen in nitrogen expansion machine after overexpansion, Pressure Drop is to 13.8bar, and temperature is reduced to-163 DEG C, enters into subsequently the second cold junction of cryogenic heat exchanger, and boil-off gas gas is used for liquefying.
[3] beneficial effect
LNG fuels and energy ship of the present invention harbour stops liquefaction system again, by increasing a set of liquefaction system more aboard ship, storage tank boil-off gas (BOG) is processed, made to get back in fuel compartment after condensation, to realize the control to fuel compartment internal pressure, thereby can control the design pressure of LNG fuel compartment, to meet boats and ships in the control that stops storage tank boil-off gas under port state and operational configuration, alleviate weight and reduced expense, reduced energy consumption simultaneously, avoid disposal of pollutants, environmental protection.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that LNG fuels and energy ship of the present invention harbour stops liquefaction system again.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, introduce in detail the embodiment of the present invention.
Consult Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of LNG fuels and energy ship harbour and stop liquefaction system again, it comprises evaporimeter liquefaction cycle device and the nitrogen refrigerating circulatory device again connecting by cryogenic heat exchanger 6;
This evaporimeter again liquefaction cycle device comprises forecooler 1, gas-liquid separator 7 and LNG pump 8, the outlet of forecooler 1 is connected with the first cold side inlet of cryogenic heat exchanger 6, the first cold side outlet of cryogenic heat exchanger 6 is connected with the entrance of gas-liquid separator 7, the outlet of gas-liquid separator 7 is branched off into out 2 road drain pipes, wherein a road liquid outlet is communicated with forecooler, and another road drain pipe is direct or be connected to LNG fuel reservoir after described LNG pump 8;
Nitrogen refrigerating circulatory device comprises and holds nitrogen device 2, nitrogen compressor 4 and nitrogen expansion machine 5, the outlet of holding nitrogen device 2 is connected with the hot junction of cryogenic heat exchanger 6 after described nitrogen compressor 4, the hot junction outlet of cryogenic heat exchanger 6 is connected with the second cold side inlet of cryogenic heat exchanger 6 after nitrogen expansion machine 5, and the second cold side outlet of cryogenic heat exchanger 6 is connected with the entrance point of nitrogen compressor 4; In nitrogen compressor 4, be provided with water cooling unit 3, for carrying out cooling to compressor; In order to improve water-cooled effect and compression effectiveness, the water cooler 3 in the present embodiment is tertiary effluent cooler, and nitrogen compressor 4 is three grades of nitrogen compressors simultaneously; In order to reduce energy waste, realize heat recovery, the kinetic energy producing in these nitrogen expansion machine 5 expansion processes for to nitrogen compressor 4 as driving force.
The present invention also provides a kind of liquifying method that uses this LNG fuels and energy ship harbour to stop again liquefaction system, boil-off gas in its LNG fuel compartment relies in cabin self-pressure or utilizes BOG compressor (as system is provided with) pressure at expulsion, flow through after forecooler and cryogenic heat exchanger condensation and collect by gas-liquid separator, and be recycled to LNG dyestuff cabin, cryogenic heat exchanger adopts nitrogen as cold-producing medium, nitrogen is after multi-stage compression, after adopting nitrogen expansion machine expansion acting that high pressure nitrogen is expanded, become low temperature nitrogen, until nitrogen temperature reaches the condensation temperature of LNG.
Concrete, it comprises the following steps:
A, by forecooler regulate boil-off gas to the temperature of cryogenic heat exchanger import+25 DEG C of left and right;
B, BOG gas after treatment enter the first cold junction of cryogenic heat exchanger, carry out after heat exchange with the low temperature nitrogen after expanding, temperature is reduced to-159 DEG C, enter subsequently gas-liquid separator and carry out gas-liquid separation, the boil-off gas being liquefied comes back to LNG fuel reservoir, and the boil-off gas gas of liquefaction does not return and in forecooler, carries out liquefaction cycle more next time;
C, nitrogen are after multi-stage compression, and pressure is compressed to 57.0bar by 13.3bar, and the gas after every grade of compression adopts the cooling water on ship to be cooled to normal temperature;
D, through the nitrogen after afterbody compression after supercooling, enter the hot junction of cryogenic heat exchanger, carry out after heat exchange with the low temperature after nitrogen decompressor expands, its temperature is cooled to-110 DEG C gradually.
E, enter low temperature (110 DEG C) nitrogen in nitrogen expansion machine after overexpansion, Pressure Drop is to 13.8bar, and temperature is reduced to-163 DEG C, enters into subsequently the second cold junction of cryogenic heat exchanger, and boil-off gas gas is used for liquefying.
Be elaborated below in conjunction with system and method:
Nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle in the present invention and evaporimeter again liquefaction cycle are realized and being connected by cryogenic heat exchanger, and evaporimeter again liquefaction cycle comprise forecooler 1, gas-liquid separator 7 and LNG pump 8;
From the low temperature BOG gas of storage tank after compressor is processed, entering forecooler mixes with a small amount of low-temperature liquefaction from gas-liquid separator, control enters the temperature of cryogenic heat exchanger hot side inlet 25 DEG C of left and right, in cryogenic heat exchanger and through nitrogen expansion machine low temperature nitrogen (temperature-163 DEG C out, pressure 14.5bar) carry out after heat exchange, temperature is reduced to-159 DEG C, enter gas-liquid separator and carry out gas-liquid separation, the BOG being liquefied utilizes the pressure at expulsion of BOG compressor or is transferred in LNG fuel compartment by LNG pump, part cryogenic liquid is back to the BOG gas of precooling compressor outlet in forecooler.LNG through condensation can utilize the pressure differential between separator and LNG fuel reservoir to return to storage tank, or by LNG pump, the BOG of liquefaction is turned back in LNG fuel tank;
Nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle comprises holds nitrogen device 2, tertiary effluent cooler 3, three grades of nitrogen compressors 4 and one-level nitrogen expansion machines 5, the state that low-pressure nitrogen enters before first order compressor is: 39 DEG C of temperature, pressure 13.3bar, through multi-stage compression and cooling after, the temperature of gas is 41.5 DEG C, pressure 57bar, enter heat exchanger by the hot junction of cryogenic heat exchanger subsequently, carry out after heat exchange with the nitrogen of low-temp low-pressure, temperature enters nitrogen expansion machine after being reduced to-110 DEG C and expands, nitrogen pressure after overexpansion is reduced to 13.8bar, temperature is reduced to-163 DEG C, the nitrogen of low-temp low-pressure enters heat exchanger by the cold side inlet of cryogenic heat exchanger bottom subsequently, thereby carry out heat exchange and reach the object of the BOG gas that liquefies again with forecooler BOG gas out.
The nitrogen of low-temp low-pressure carries out after heat exchange with the nitrogen of BOG gas and HTHP in cryogenic heat exchanger, leave heat exchanger by the outlet of cryogenic heat exchanger hot junction, now the temperature of nitrogen is 39 DEG C, pressure 13.4bar, nitrogen kind of refrigeration cycle is next time carried out in the import that is entered subsequently three grades of nitrogen compressors by cryogenic heat exchanger nitrogen out.
LNG fuels and energy ship of the present invention harbour stops liquefaction system again, by increasing a set of liquefaction system more aboard ship, storage tank boil-off gas (BOG) is processed, made to get back in fuel compartment after condensation, to realize the control to fuel compartment internal pressure, thereby can control the design pressure of LNG fuel compartment, to meet boats and ships in the control that stops storage tank boil-off gas under port state and operational configuration, alleviate weight and reduced expense, reduced energy consumption simultaneously, avoid disposal of pollutants, environmental protection.
Claims (8)
1. LNG fuels and energy ship harbour stops a liquefaction system again, it is characterized in that: comprise evaporimeter liquefaction cycle device and the nitrogen refrigerating circulatory device again connecting by cryogenic heat exchanger (6);
Described evaporimeter again liquefaction cycle device comprises forecooler (1), gas-liquid separator (7) and LNG pump (8), the outlet of described forecooler (1) is connected with the first cold side inlet of described cryogenic heat exchanger (6), the first cold side outlet of described cryogenic heat exchanger (6) is connected with the entrance of described gas-liquid separator (7), the outlet of described gas-liquid separator (7) is branched off into two-way drain pipe, wherein a road drain pipe is communicated with described forecooler, and another road drain pipe is connected to LNG fuel reservoir after described LNG pump (8);
Nitrogen refrigerating circulatory device comprises and holds nitrogen device (2), nitrogen compressor (4) and nitrogen expansion machine (5), described outlet of holding nitrogen device (2) is connected with the hot junction of described cryogenic heat exchanger (6) after described nitrogen compressor (4), the hot junction outlet of described cryogenic heat exchanger (6) is connected with the second cold side inlet of described cryogenic heat exchanger (6) after described nitrogen expansion machine (5), and the second cold side outlet of described cryogenic heat exchanger (6) is connected with the entrance point of described nitrogen compressor (4).
2. LNG fuels and energy ship as claimed in claim 1 harbour stops liquefaction system again, it is characterized in that: also comprise water cooler (3), described water cooler (3) carries out cooling for the gas that described nitrogen compressor (4) is discharged.
3. LNG fuels and energy ship as claimed in claim 2 harbour stops liquefaction system again, it is characterized in that: described water cooler (3) is tertiary effluent cooler, and described nitrogen compressor (4) is three grades of nitrogen compressors.
4. the LNG fuels and energy ship harbour as described in claims 1 to 3 any one stops liquefaction system again, it is characterized in that: the kinetic energy producing in described nitrogen expansion machine (5) expansion process for to described nitrogen compressor (4) as driving force.
5. use LNG fuels and energy ship as claimed in claim 1 harbour to stop again a liquifying method for liquefaction system, it is characterized in that: adopt nitrogen, as cold-producing medium, the boil-off gas in LNG fuel compartment is carried out to condensation, make to get back to LNG fuel compartment after its liquefaction.
6. LNG fuels and energy ship as claimed in claim 5 harbour stops the liquifying method of liquefaction system again, it is characterized in that: boil-off gas in described LNG fuel compartment relies in cabin self-pressure or utilizes BOG Compressor Discharge Pressure, after flow through forecooler and cryogenic heat exchanger condensation, collects by gas-liquid separator.
7. LNG fuels and energy ship as claimed in claim 6 harbour stops the liquifying method of liquefaction system again, it is characterized in that: adopt nitrogen as cold-producing medium, nitrogen is after multi-stage compression, after adopting nitrogen expansion machine expansion acting that high pressure nitrogen is expanded, become low temperature nitrogen, until nitrogen temperature reaches the condensation temperature of LNG.
8. the LNG fuels and energy ship harbour as described in claim 5 to 7 any one stops the liquifying method of liquefaction system again, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
A, by forecooler regulate boil-off gas to the temperature of cryogenic heat exchanger import+25 DEG C of left and right;
B, BOG gas after treatment enter the first cold junction of cryogenic heat exchanger, carry out after heat exchange with the low temperature nitrogen after expanding, temperature is reduced to-159 DEG C, enter subsequently gas-liquid separator and carry out gas-liquid separation, the boil-off gas being liquefied comes back to LNG fuel reservoir, and the boil-off gas gas of liquefaction does not return and in forecooler, carries out liquefaction cycle more next time;
C, nitrogen are after multi-stage compression, and pressure is compressed to 57.0bar by 13.3bar, and the gas after every grade of compression adopts the cooling water on ship to be cooled to normal temperature;
D, through the nitrogen after afterbody compression after supercooling, enter the hot junction of cryogenic heat exchanger, carry out after heat exchange with the low temperature after nitrogen decompressor expands, its temperature is cooled to-110 DEG C gradually.
E, enter low temperature nitrogen in nitrogen expansion machine after overexpansion, Pressure Drop is to 13.8bar, and temperature is reduced to-163 DEG C, enters into subsequently the second cold junction of cryogenic heat exchanger, is used for the boil-off gas that liquefies.
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Effective date of registration: 20180404 Address after: 116600 Dalian economic and Technological Development Zone, East Liaohe Road, No. 88, the source of science and Technology Industrial Park, No. 13, No. Patentee after: Hung hung liquefied gas Machinery Engineering (Dalian) Co., Ltd. Address before: 116600 Dalian economic and Technological Development Zone, East Liaohe Road, No. 88, the source of science and Technology Industrial Park, No. 13, No. Patentee before: Liu Guoman |