Background technology
At present, along with the fast development of national economy, the state of the art of the Infrastructure such as engineering machinery, bridge, building improves constantly, and it requires more and more higher to the intensity of structural steel, toughness, plasticity and welding property etc.But along with intensity rank improves, the danger of structure generation brittle failure increases.
Generally, the yield strength of material and tensile strength present positively related relation (yield tensile ratio is yield strength and tensile strength ratio).Dependency structure when strength of materials rank is constantly revised, also carries out strict restriction to Ductility Indexes such as toughness, plasticity and yield tensile ratios with steel standards and design.Experimental study and engineering practice all show, yield tensile ratio is an important mechanical performance index of relational structure security.Yield tensile ratio is higher, and yield strength and tensile strength spacing are too small, and material deforms and will rupture soon.But the material that yield tensile ratio is low easily produces viscous deformation under external broach effect, and because its tensile strength is high, material can not rupture easily.Therefore viscous deformation can be used as the sign of fracture, the time that arrives fracture is longer, and the security of material is higher.For guaranteeing the security of structure design, require material to there is enough viscous deformation before fracture, require material to there is low yield tensile ratio.
Low welding crack sensibility high-strength steel welds and does not occur crackle in the situation that of not preheating or low preheating, is called in the world CF (Crack Free) steel.The principal feature of this type of steel is the welding property with low Pcm value, low-carbon-equivalent, excellence, has the features such as low carbon content, high strength, high tenacity simultaneously; Its main production method generally has TMCP, TMCP+ tempering or modified (quenching+tempering).
TMCP or " TMCP+ tempering " high strength CF steel, organization type is acicular ferrite or ferrite bainite, yield tensile ratio higher (generally between 0.88~0.93).As reduced yield tensile ratio, the cooling rate after the controlled rolling of need reduction steel plate is to obtain the granular bainite of some amount, but its intensity and low-temperature flexibility have the trend of reduction.Modified high strength CF steel, the organization type after tempering is tempered sorbite, yield tensile ratio is higher (generally between 0.90~0.95) also; Meanwhile, in order to guarantee quenched and tempered steel hardening capacity, suitably improving under the prerequisite of C content, generally need to add the alloying elements such as Ni, Cr, Mo, Cu, the raising of C content and the interpolation of alloying element, increase Pcm index and carbon equivalent Ceq value, and the welding property of material is had a negative impact.
Documents 1, the Chinese invention patent " high-strength steel of low-carbon low-welding crack-sensitive, steel plate and manufacture method thereof " that application number is " 200910046442.9 " discloses a kind of yield strength and reaches 700Mpa to 800Mpa maximum ga(u)ge specification 60mm low welding crack sensitivity steel, in its Composition Design, add 0.10%~0.40% precious alloy Mo, add the alloying elements such as Ni, Cr that other content do not wait, Cu simultaneously, adopt hardening and tempering process (quench hot+high tempering), manufacturing cost is obviously higher; Meanwhile, 20mm~60mm specification Low Crack Sensitivity Steel yield tensile ratio of manufacturing in the example is generally between " 0.90~0.97 ", and yield tensile ratio is higher, greatly reduces materials'use security.
Documents 2, application number is that the Chinese invention patent " a kind of low-welding crack-sensitive quenched and tempered high tensile strength plate and manufacture method thereof " of " 200810224730.4 " discloses a kind of tensile strength 610Mpa water-power steel, the same with patent 1, in its Composition Design, still add the precious alloys such as 0.10%~0.20%Mo and 0.30%~0.50%Ni, adopt normal hardening and tempering process, cost is also obviously higher; And in the example, the yield tensile ratio of related 12mm specification steel plate is more than 0.85, and tensile strength rank is only 610MPa rank.
Documents 3, the Chinese invention patent " low yield ratio HT 780 steel plate and the manufacture method thereof with superior weldability " that application number is " 200710042357.6 " discloses a kind of manufacture method of tensile strength 780Mpa level low yield strength ratio steel plate, in its composition system, add the precious alloys such as more Cr, Ni, Mo, Cu, " Mn/C " ratio, " Ti/N " ratio, " Ni/Cu " ratio etc. are taked to strict restriction, and Composition Design is complicated; Adopt " normalizing+tempering " explained hereafter, operation is also more.Alloy is many, operation is many, causes its manufacturing cost high, and difficult popularization and guides actual production.
Documents 4, application number is the manufacture method that the Chinese invention patent " a kind of high strength low yield ratio welding structure steel and production method " of " 200910061106.1 " discloses a kind of tensile strength 550Mpa~700Mpa level low yield strength ratio steel plate, in its composition system, add the alloys such as more Mn, Si, Cr, Ni, Mo, Cu, and alloy composition " [Mn%]+[Cr%]=2.20%~2.80% " limits, and low-crackle sensitive indices P cm higher (the highest to 0.30%), requires also very strict to the operation of rolling; In process of cooling, adopt cooling stage by stage; Finally carry out stress-removal tempering, production process more complicated, cost is not low yet.
Documents 5, the Chinese invention patent " super-thick steel plate for low yield ratio buildings with 460 MPa grade yield strength and manufacture method " that application number is " 200910089346.2 " provides a kind of 80mm and above specification super-thick steel plate manufacture method thereof, in alloy system, add 0.16% carbon, do not belonged to low-crackle sensitive CF steel category, its carbon equivalent Ceq has been greater than 0.40%; Meanwhile, its yield strength is only 440Mpa, and belongs to construction(al)steel field.
The present invention controls in conjunction with Qinhuangdao Shou Qin metallic substance company (hereinafter to be referred as " Shou Qin company ") existing tooling device advantage and strict technological process, the modified CF composition of steel of appropriate design system, do not adding under the prerequisite of any precious alloy Ni, Mo, Cr, Cu, adopt low C, high Mn, suitably add microalloy element Nb, V, Ti and micro-B, by two-stage control rolling, roll the ultrafast cold fast cooling and subsequent heat treatment operation of rear use UFC, successfully produce the modified CF steel of low yield strength ratio low-welding crack-sensitive.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low yield strength ratio low-crackle sensitive Q550CF quenched and tempered steel and production method.
The chemical composition of steel of the present invention is (weight percent), C:0.07%~0.09%; Si:0.10%~0.40%; Mn:1.60%~1.80%; Nb:0.04%~0.06%; V:0.040%~0.06%; Ti:0.010%~0.030%; Alt:0.015%~0.035%; B:0.0010%~0.0020%; P :≤0.015%; S :≤0.010%; Carbon equivalent Ceq (%)=C+Mn/6+ (Cr+Mo+V)/5+ (Ni/+Cu)/15, and Ceq (%) scope: 0.34~0.40; Welding crack sensibility refers to Pcm (%)=C+Si/30+Mn/20+Cu/20+Cr/20+Ni/60+Mo/15+V/10+5B, and Pcm (%) scope: 0.16~0.20; All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
The modified engineering machinery steel of Q550CF of the present invention production method is as follows:
Adopt conventional smelting and slab production method, its operation is as follows: the casting of skim → converter smelting → LF of desulfurizing iron stove refining → RH vacuum-treat → slab; In smelting process, strictly control C, P, S composition and guarantee that carbon equivalent Ceq and welding crack sensibility refer to that Pcm is in span of control; In slab casting cycle, control casting billet surface and internal soundness, for follow-up steel plate rolling creates conditions.
Heating of plate blank: adopt walking beam heating furnace by heating of plate blank to design temperature (between 1160 ℃~1220 ℃), and rationally control and slab time inside furnace (between 220min~400min), to guarantee the abundant austenitizing of slab.
Steel plate rolling and cooling: in the operation of rolling, adopt controlled rolling (the Ji Fei recrystallization zone rolling of two stage rolling-recrystallization zone) and control cooling (UFC is ultrafast cold); Rolling end temp in recrystallization zone is between " 950 ℃~1000 ℃ "; Steel plate treats that temperature thickness sets by " 2~4 times of finished steel plate thickness "; The rolling of non-recrystallization zone starts temperature between " 860 ℃~900 ℃ ", and its end temp is between " 810 ℃~830 ℃ ".After steel plate rolling, entering fast the ultrafast cold radiator cooler of UFC carries out cooling; Steel plate enters water temp to be controlled by " 800 ℃~770 ℃ ", and final cooling temperature is controlled by " 0 ℃~100 ℃ ", and cooling rate is set by " 25 ℃/S~40 ℃/S ".Utilize the ultrafast cool equipment advantage of the UFC of Shou Qin company, carry out " large cooling rate, lower temperature " cooling, steel plate is as cold as to lower temperature, is obtaining under the prerequisite of required microtexture (ferrite bainite) and performance, further improve the cooling uniformity of steel plate transverse and longitudinal.
Heat treatment step: the modified line of the 4300mm of company of Shou Qin Wide and Thick Slab carries out quenching and tempering processing; In heat treatment process, rationally set quenching temperature (between 800 ℃~880 ℃) and soaking time (between 10min~30min); Steel plate quenching carries out temper after processing, and tempering temperature and soaking time are respectively " 400 ℃~500 ℃ " and " 5min~50min ".
By above technical process, the modified steel for engineering machinery stable mechanical property of low yield strength ratio low-crackle sensitive Q550CF of producing, there is good intensity, plasticity, toughness, and there is good welding property, when meeting modified Q550CF rigidity mechanical property requirements, also meet Low Crack Sensitivity Steel design requirements completely.Meanwhile, the yield tensile ratio of modified rear steel plate is lower, and materials'use safety coefficient is high.Its every mechanical performance index: 565MPa≤Rp0.2 (yield strength)≤620MPa, 750MPa≤Rm (tensile strength)≤830MPa, 18.0%≤A (elongation after fracture)≤22.5%, 165J≤-20 ℃-AKv (20 ℃ of impact values)≤255J, 110J≤-40 ℃-AKv (40 ℃ of impact values)≤180J; 0.68≤yield tensile ratio≤0.78.
Embodiment
The chemical composition area requirement of " the modified engineering machinery steel of a kind of low yield strength ratio low-crackle sensitive Q550CF " according to the present invention, company of the Shou Qin " 4300mm Heavy Plate Rolling Line " completes that steel billet is smelted, slab casting (slab specification-thickness * width * length: 250mm * 2000mm~2400mm * 2700mm~4100mm) and steel plate rolling (rolling specs-thickness * width * length: 20mm/25mm*2500mm*24000mm, 2 scale rollings), quenching and tempering process.
In this example, the actual chemical composition of Q550CF steel is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 chemical composition (wt%)
Numbering |
C |
Si |
Mn |
P |
S |
Alt |
V |
Nb |
Ti |
B |
Ceq |
Pcm |
1# |
0.07 |
0.30 |
1.65 |
0.011 |
0.005 |
0.028 |
0.051 |
0.048 |
0.017 |
0.0015 |
0.36 |
0.18 |
2# |
0.09 |
0.32 |
1.78 |
0.009 |
0.006 |
0.031 |
0.045 |
0.056 |
0.015 |
0.0017 |
0.40 |
0.20 |
This example rolling technological parameter arranges in Table 2:
The setting of table 2 rolling technological parameter
Note: thickness unit-mm; Temperature unit-℃; Speed of cooling-℃/S
This example quenching technology is as shown in table 3:
Table 3 quenching temperature and soaking time
Steel plate thickness/mm |
Quenching temperature/℃ |
Soaking time/min |
20 |
850 |
8 |
25 |
830 |
12 |
This example tempering process is as shown in table 4:
Table 4 tempering Heating temperature and soaking time
Steel plate thickness/mm |
Tempering temperature/℃ |
Soaking time/min |
20 |
450 |
20 |
25 |
400 |
25 |
The every mechanical property of this example steel plate and yield tensile ratio are as shown in table 5:
The every mechanical property of table 5 steel plate and yield tensile ratio