CN104191057A - Preparing method for porous metal matrix compound brazing filler metal alloy soldering head - Google Patents
Preparing method for porous metal matrix compound brazing filler metal alloy soldering head Download PDFInfo
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- CN104191057A CN104191057A CN201410398348.0A CN201410398348A CN104191057A CN 104191057 A CN104191057 A CN 104191057A CN 201410398348 A CN201410398348 A CN 201410398348A CN 104191057 A CN104191057 A CN 104191057A
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- brazing filler
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- brazing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/08—Soldering by means of dipping in molten solder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/06—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering making use of vibrations, e.g. supersonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Molten Solder (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparing method for a porous metal matrix compound brazing filler metal alloy soldering head. The method adopts porous metal matrix compound brazing filler metal alloy filled up with brazing filler metal alloy, a compound brazing filler metal layer is prefabricated between hard base metal, then the brazing filler metal alloy filled into the porous metal layer is heated to melt, and a tool head of an ultrasonic vibrating device acts on the surface of the base metal and exerts certain-pressure certain-time ultrasonic vibration on the surface of the base metal to finish a brazing process. When the method is used for preparing the brazing soldering head, the porous metal with high melting point can have a supporting function to a soldering seam layer in a brazing soldering process, the liquid-phase brazing filler metal alloy is prevented from being extruded out excessively in the ultrasonic vibration action. Thus, the preparation of the brazing soldering head with a large fuse face is achieved. In addition, the porous metal layer in the brazing seam layer can reduce the thermal expansion coefficients of the brazing seam layer, and the strength of the brazing seam layer and the strength of the connection interface between the brazing seam layer and the base metal are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soldering tech field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting.
Background technology
What commercial Application required improves constantly, and the continuing to bring out of new material, and the interconnection technique of material is had higher requirement.Soldering processes are a kind of very promising material methods of attachment.But, being subject to the impact of the intensity of brazing filler metal alloy own, soldered fitting conventionally lost efficacy in brazed seam layer under load, and between mother metal and brazing filler metal alloy, conventionally had lower bond strength in joint.In addition, traditional soldering processes conventionally need to use brazing flux or carry out under protective atmosphere, are difficult to obtain the soldered fitting of large fusion face, high seam rate.
In recent years, ultrasonic technique has had more research in the brazing field of material.Ul-trasonic irradiation can form a series of phonochemistry, sound physical effect in liquid phase brazed seam layer time in brazing filler metal alloy, and they can impel liquid phase solder in without brazing flux situation, mother metal surface to be soaked, and can be optimized brazed seam layer microscopic structure.Can prepare the soldered fitting of large fusion face by ultrasonic brazing technique, and joint has higher seam rate.But it is to be based upon on the basis of continuous corrosion mother metal that ultrasonic wave improves brazed seam layer microscopic structure, the ultrasonic vibration time that conventionally need to be longer when soldering, this will cause the integrally-built inhomogeneities of brazed seam layer, also easily cause the corrosion perforation of mother metal.Therefore, be necessary just to improve the intensity of brazed seam layer before soldering, thereby optimize the performance of soldered fitting.
A large amount of researchs show, can strengthen mutually the mechanical property of alloy by insert micro-nano granules or fiber reinforcement in alloy.But the uniformity of particulates reinforcements in composite is to be difficult to ensure, especially, in the time that particle enhancing alloy is used to brazing filler metal alloy, wild phase can produce floating or lower floor because of the reason of gravity in the brazing filler metal alloy of melting, and reunites.The composite being evenly distributed in order to obtain wild phase, one comparatively successfully method is, by pressure-free impregnation or have press infiltration method molten alloy is packed in porous ceramics or refractory metal, thereby prepare the high-performance composite materials that wild phase is evenly distributed.Can imagine, in traditional soldering processes (non-ultrasonic assistant brazing), if adopt this porous matrix compound solder alloy to carry out soldering, the brazing filler metal alloy of melting is difficult to realize abundant wetting and spreading on mother metal surface.Although the intensity of joint brazed seam layer can improve, the seam rate of joint is difficult to be guaranteed, and the overall mechanical property of joint is still poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting, the method can make large fusion face, high seam rate, high-intensity soldered fitting.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting, comprise and prepare compound solder alloy step and ultrasonic assistant brazing step, wherein said compound solder alloy step comprises:
A1, choose porous metals matrix, after cleaning, porous metals matrix is immersed in the molten solder alloy of temperature lower than porous metal matrix bulk melting point;
After A2, immersion, take out porous metals matrix, make the porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy that brazing filler metal alloy is filled;
Described ultrasonic assistant brazing step comprises:
B1, porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is placed between two mother metals to be welded and forms soldered fitting to be welded, soldered fitting to be welded is fixed, the porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy of soldered fitting to be welded is heated to the brazing filler metal alloy fusing that makes to be filled in porous metals matrix;
B2, the tool heads of Vltrasonic device is acted on the surface of one of them mother metal and applied pressure, after ultrasonic end, continue to keep pressure, while solidifying completely to brazing filler metal alloy, form soldered fitting, complete brazing process.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting:
The thickness of porous metals matrix described in steps A 1 is preferably 10～500 μ m.
Two mother metals to be welded described in step B1 can be identical material material or unlike material material.
The material of two described mother metals to be welded is preferably ceramic material, metal material or metal-base composites.
That the shape of two mother metals to be welded described in step B1 is preferably is tabular, sheet, bar-shaped or tubulose.
Mode of heating in step B1 is preferably resistance heated, flame heating, eddy-current heating or Hot-blast Heating.
While heating in step B1, the temperature of brazed seam layer porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is higher than the temperature of brazing filler metal alloy fusing point but lower than the temperature of porous metal matrix bulk melting point.
Preferably, while heating in step B1, the temperature of brazed seam layer porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is higher than 5～300 DEG C of brazing filler metal alloy fusing points, but lower than the fusing point of porous metals matrix.
In step B2, the vibration frequency of ultrasonic vibration installation is preferably 10～70kHz, and amplitude is preferably 8～60 μ m, and mother metal applied pressure is preferably to 0.1～5MPa, and the ultrasonic vibration time is preferably 0.5～200s.
In step B2, ultrasonic vibration direction is preferably perpendicular to the surface of described mother metal or is parallel to the surface of described mother metal.
The inventive method has adopted the porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy that is filled with brazing filler metal alloy, by composite soldering layer is formed between hard mother metal in advance, then make to be filled in the brazing filler metal alloy fusing in porous metallic layers by heating, again the tool heads of ultrasonic vibration installation is acted on to mother metal surface and apply the ultrasonic vibration of certain pressure and certain hour, complete brazing process.
The inventive method is more suitable for the soldering between hard material, especially low temperature brazing, high-temperature service, the soldering between hard mother metal.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) existence of porous metals matrix in compound solder alloy, can strengthen the intensity of joint solder layer, reduces the thermal coefficient of expansion of brazed seam layer;
(2) in brazing process, the porous metal matrix physical efficiency in compound solder alloy provides raw material for the metallurgical interface under sound field reflecting reacts, thereby changes the phase composition of joint interface layer, and improves the bond strength of linkage interface between solder layer and mother metal;
(3) adopt ultrasonic assistant brazing, can promote the filling of liquid phase brazing filler metal alloy in porous metallic layers, and can promote the metallurgical interface between liquid phase brazing filler metal alloy and porous metals matrix to react, this will cause the formation of pyroreaction phase between brazing filler metal alloy and porous metals matrix in brazed seam layer, thereby likely improves the high-temperature stability of joint;
(4) in ultrasonic brazing process, the porous metal matrix physical efficiency in joint brazed seam layer is played a supporting role to brazed seam, thereby avoids liquid phase brazing filler metal alloy by excessive extruding, and realizes the preparation of large fusion face, high seam rate, solder without soldering acid joint;
(5) in the time adopting the ferrimagnets such as Ni, Fe as porous metals matrix, coordinate the solder layer of induction heating mode energy butt joint to carry out part, Fast Heating, and Under Ultrasonic Vibration kinetic energy is realized the rapid metallurgical binding of joint, can connect the poor mother metal of some high-temperature temperatures like this.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be in embodiment 1-3 porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy prepare schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is soldering schematic diagram when ultrasonic vibration direction is perpendicular to parallel mother metal surface in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the ESEM micrograph of the soldered fitting brazed seam layer of preparation in embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the soldering schematic diagram of the bar-shaped mother metal that provides in embodiment 2;
Fig. 5 is the ESEM micrograph of the soldered fitting brazed seam layer of preparation in embodiment 2;
Fig. 6 is the ultrasonic vibration direction that provides in the embodiment 3 soldering schematic diagram while being parallel to parallel mother metal surface;
Fig. 7 is the ESEM micrograph of the soldered fitting brazed seam layer of preparation in embodiment 3.
Detailed description of the invention
Be below embodiments of the invention, also can further be well understood to by reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention by these embodiment, but they be not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, to get thickness be 250 μ m, be of a size of porous Ni paper tinsel a slice of 20mm × 20mm, porous Ni paper tinsel is placed in to absolute ethyl alcohol and carries out Ultrasonic Cleaning, after air-dry, will in the pure Sn of this Ni paper tinsel immersion melting, also swing several times again, take out subsequently porous Ni paper tinsel, now pure Sn has been impregnated in porous Ni metal forming, and has formed the porous Ni base composite soldering sheet that has pure Sn to fill;
Referring to Fig. 2, get two of 1060-Al alloys that are of a size of 20mm × 20mm × 3mm, composite soldering sheet 1 is placed between upper Al mother metal 2 and lower Al mother metal 3, and the joint after assembling is placed on the electric hot plate 4 with restricted fixture.The tool heads of ultrasonic vibration installation 5 is acted on to upper Al mother metal 2 surfaces and applies 1MPa pressure, opening subsequently heat riser butt joint heats, in the time that brazing filler metal alloy starts to melt and has the situation of overflowing, open ultrasonic vibration, frequency, power, amplitude and the time of ultrasonic vibration is respectively 20kHz, 500W, 20 μ m and 10s, ultrasonic vibration direction is perpendicular to the upper surface of Al mother metal, after ultrasonic vibration finishes, stop heating and continue butt joint and keep pressure, brazing filler metal alloy in joint takes out joint while solidifying completely, completes brazing process.
The microscopic examination of joint shows, as shown in Figure 3, porous metallic layers in joint brazed seam layer has been squeezed into list structure under ultrasonic effect, brazing filler metal alloy is packed in the space of porous metals completely, and between brazing filler metal alloy and porous metals matrix and mother metal, good metallurgical interface has all occurred and react.Shear strength test result shows (the shear strength test of joint is carried out according to amended ASTM D1002 standard), and the shear fails of joint occurs in the interface of brazing filler metal alloy and Al mother metal, and the average shear intensity level recording is 76.9MPa.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 1, to get thickness be 100 μ m, be of a size of porous Ni paper tinsel a slice of 10mm × 10mm, porous Ni paper tinsel is placed in to absolute ethyl alcohol and carries out Ultrasonic Cleaning, after air-dry, will in the pure Sn of this Ni paper tinsel immersion melting, also swing several times again, take out subsequently porous Ni paper tinsel, now pure Sn has been impregnated in porous Ni metal forming, and has formed the porous Ni base composite soldering sheet that has pure Sn to fill, finally, this composite soldering sheet being cut into diameter is
circular solder sheet.
Referring to Fig. 4, cut-off footpath is
length is two of the T2-Cu metal bars of 40mm, Cu rod and compound solder alloy sheet 1 are assembled, wherein descend Cu rod 32 to be fixed by fixture, upper Cu rod 22 has along the free degree of Cu rod axis direction, 1 of compound solder alloy sheet is placed between two Cu rods, the tool heads of ultrasonic vibration installation 5 is acted on to upper Cu mother metal 22 ends of joint, and apply 0.5MPa pressure, the solder layer of opening subsequently induction heating apparatus 4 butt joints carries out local heat, in the time that liquid phase brazing filler metal alloy has the situation of overflowing, open ultrasonic vibration.Time, frequency, power and the amplitude of ultrasonic vibration is respectively 3s, 28.8kHz, 270W and 12 μ m, ultrasonic vibration direction is parallel to the axis of Cu rod, after ultrasonic vibration stops, closing induction heating apparatus, after brazed seam layer solidifies completely, take out joint, complete brazing process.
The microscopic examination of joint shows, as shown in Figure 5, porous metallic layers in joint brazed seam layer has been squeezed into list structure under ultrasonic effect, pure Sn solder is packed in the space of porous Ni metal completely, and good metallurgical interface has all occurred between Sn and porous metals Ni matrix and Cu mother metal reacts and formed intermetallic compound.Hot strength test result shows (the hot strength test of joint is carried out according to amended ISO 6892 standards), and the tensile failure of joint mainly occurs in the interface of compound solder alloy and Cu mother metal, and its tensile strength values has reached 72.4MPa.
Embodiment 3
Referring to Fig. 1, to get thickness be 200 μ m, be of a size of porous Ni paper tinsel a slice of 10mm × 10mm, porous Ni paper tinsel is placed in to absolute ethyl alcohol and carries out Ultrasonic Cleaning, after air-dry, will in the pure Sn of this Ni paper tinsel immersion melting, also swing several times again, take out subsequently porous Ni paper tinsel, now pure Sn has been impregnated in porous Ni metal forming, and has formed the porous Ni base composite soldering sheet that has pure Sn to fill.
Referring to Fig. 6, get 1060-Al alloy and the each a slice of T2-Cu alloy that size is 10mm × 10mm × 3mm, composite soldering sheet 1 is placed between Al mother metal 23 and Cu mother metal 33, and the joint after assembling is placed on the electric hot plate 4 with restricted fixture, wherein Al mother metal 23 upper and Cu mother metal 33 under, the tool heads of ultrasonic vibration installation 5 is acted on to the upper surface of Al mother metal 23 and applies 2MPa pressure, opening subsequently electric hot plate 4 butt joints heats, in the time that brazing filler metal alloy starts to melt and has the situation of overflowing, open ultrasonic vibration installation, the frequency of ultrasonic vibration, power, amplitude and time are respectively 40kHz, 400W, 11 μ m and 4s, the direction of ultrasonic vibration is parallel to Al mother metal upper surface, after ultrasonic vibration finishes, stop heating and continue butt joint and keep pressure, in the time that solidifying completely, takes out the brazing filler metal alloy in joint joint, complete brazing process.
The microscopic examination of joint shows, as shown in Figure 7, porous metallic layers in joint brazed seam layer has been squeezed into list structure under ultrasonic vibration effect, pure Sn solder is packed in the space of porous Ni metal completely, and between Sn and porous Ni metal, Al mother metal and Cu mother metal, good metallurgical interface has all occurred and react.Shear strength test result shows (the shear strength test of joint is carried out according to amended ASTM D1002 standard), and the shear fails of joint occurs in the interface of compound solder alloy and Cu mother metal, and its shear strength value has reached 68.7MPa.
Above content is made for the present invention further illustrating in conjunction with specific embodiments, can not assert that scope of the present invention is confined to these explanations.In above-described embodiment, can also change the material of porous metallic layers and mother metal, also can change the shape of mother metal, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some deduction or replace of making, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting, is characterized in that comprising and prepares compound solder alloy step and ultrasonic assistant brazing step, and wherein said compound solder alloy step comprises:
A1, choose porous metals matrix, after cleaning, porous metals matrix is immersed in the molten solder alloy of temperature lower than porous metal matrix bulk melting point;
After A2, immersion, take out porous metals matrix, make the porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy that brazing filler metal alloy is filled;
Described ultrasonic assistant brazing step comprises:
B1, porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is placed between two mother metals to be welded and forms soldered fitting to be welded, soldered fitting to be welded is fixed, the porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy of soldered fitting to be welded is heated to the brazing filler metal alloy fusing that makes to be filled in porous metals matrix;
B2, the tool heads of ultrasonic vibration installation acted on the surface of one of them mother metal and exert pressure, opening ultrasonic vibration, ultrasonic vibration finishes rear continuation and keeps pressure, while solidifying completely, forms soldered fitting to brazing filler metal alloy, completes brazing process.
2. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of porous metals matrix described in steps A 1 is 10～500 μ m.
3. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two mother metals to be welded described in step B1 are identical material material or unlike material material.
4. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the material of two described mother metals to be welded is ceramic material, metal material or metal-base composites.
5. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: being shaped as of two mother metals to be welded described in step B1 is tabular, sheet, bar-shaped or tubulose.
6. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mode of heating in step B1 is resistance heated, flame heating, eddy-current heating or Hot-blast Heating.
7. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: while heating in step B1, the temperature of brazed seam layer porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is higher than the temperature of brazing filler metal alloy fusing point but lower than the temperature of porous metal matrix bulk melting point.
8. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: while heating in step B1, the temperature of brazed seam layer porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy is higher than 5～300 DEG C of brazing filler metal alloy fusing points, but lower than the temperature of porous metal matrix bulk melting point.
9. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step B2, the vibration frequency of ultrasonic vibration installation is 10～70kHz, amplitude is 8～60 μ m, be 0.1～5MPa to mother metal applied pressure, the ultrasonic vibration time is 0.5～200s.
10. the preparation method of porous metal matrix bluk recombination brazing filler metal alloy soldered fitting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step B2, ultrasonic vibration direction is perpendicular to the surface of described mother metal or is parallel to the surface of described mother metal.
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