CN104189914A - Self-assembly starch nanoparticle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Self-assembly starch nanoparticle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104189914A CN104189914A CN201410328649.6A CN201410328649A CN104189914A CN 104189914 A CN104189914 A CN 104189914A CN 201410328649 A CN201410328649 A CN 201410328649A CN 104189914 A CN104189914 A CN 104189914A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-assembly starch nanoparticle and a preparation method thereof. According to the method, octenyl succinic acid starch is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide solution to obtain a solution A; the degree of substitution of the octenyl succinic acid starch is 0.4-1.5; distilled water is added into the solution A to obtain an octenyl succinic acid starch/ dimethyl sulfoxide/ water mixed solution system; the volume ratio of solution A to distilled water is 0.5:1 to 2:1; the mixed solution is transferred to a dialysis bag, the dialysis bag is put in dialysate distilled water for dialysis; and impurities in the dialyzed suspension are filtered by use of a microporous filter membrane. The self-assembly starch nanoparticle is free of an emulsifier and organic solvent residue, high in ball forming rate, has a particle size effectively controlled between 50-200nm, and can be used as a carrier for drug and cosmetic active ingredients.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of starch nanometer granule, particularly relate to a kind of self assembly starch nanometer granule and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Polysaccharide nanometer medicine-carried system has good biocompatibility and biological degradability, is widely used, as embedding medicinal, protein, nucleic acid, vaccine, gene etc. at biology, medical science and pharmaceutical field.Starch is as a kind of important natural polysaccharide, not only wide material sources, cheap, safety non-toxic, and also without immunogenicity, biocompatibility and biological degradability are better, are very potential drug carrier materials.
At present, the preparation method of starch nanometer granule mainly contains acid hydrolyzation, the nanometer sedimentation method and miniemulsion method etc.Acid hydrolyzation is by HCl, H
2sO
4deng mineral acid, by being carried out to acidolysis, starch prepares nanometer starch crystal.Although the grain diameter that acid hydrolyzation obtains is little, the response time is long, and shape mostly is lamellar.
The nanometer sedimentation method be by starch dissolution in solvent, then dropwise add non-solvent (being generally water), that utilizes solvent and non-solvent forms starch nanometer granule to the different surface tension of starch.The shortcoming of the nanometer sedimentation method is solvent exchange excessive velocities, and the form of granule, structure, size are all relatively difficult to control, and particle size range is larger, and its solvent can not complete and remove.
Miniemulsion method is that amidin is added in the organic solvent that contains emulsifying agent, surfactant, then through homogenizing, processes and forms miniemulsion, finally adds cross-linking agent that nano-scale rice starch drop is fixed into nano-particle.Miniemulsion method is in preparing the process of nano-particle, and the nano particle diameter of preparation is controlled, but needs to use a large amount of organic solvent and surfactant.
Therefore the size and shape of nano particle diameter directly affects target site and the rate of release of medicine, controls the granular size of nano drug-carrying body and shape to nanometer medicine-carried system important in inhibiting.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention aims to provide a kind of particle diameter at 50～200nm, and narrow diameter distribution, the starch nanometer granule of useful as drug, cosmetic active ingredient carrier.Another object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of particle diameter is controlled, balling-up is high, the preparation method of the starch nanometer granule of good dispersion.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A preparation method for self assembly starch nanometer granule, comprises the steps:
(1) octenyl succinic acid starch is dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide solution, obtains solution A; The substitution value of described octenyl succinic acid starch is 0.4～1.5;
(2) in solution A, add distilled water, obtain the mixed solution system of octenyl succinic acid starch/dimethyl sulfoxide/water; The volume ratio of described solution A and distilled water is 0.5:1～2:1;
(3) mixed solution is transferred in bag filter, bag filter is placed in to dialysis solution distilled water and dialyses; Every (2～6), h changes dialysis solution, altogether dialysis (24～48) h;
(4) suspension after dialysis is removed impurity through filtering with microporous membrane, at (0～4) ℃, preserves.
Preferably, described starch is waxy corn starch, conventional corn starch, potato starch, tapioca, sweet potato starch, rice starch, green starch, pea starch or wheaten starch.
In described solution A, the concentration of octenyl succinic acid starch is preferably (1～15) mg/mL.
The substitution value of described octenyl succinic acid starch is preferably 0.8～1.5.
The volume ratio of solution A and distilled water is preferably 0.5:1～1:1.
The molecular cut off of bag filter is preferably 8,000～14, and 000.
The octenyl succinic acid starch that the present invention's raw material used is high substituted degree, starch first passes through part acidolysis, makes starch structure become loose, then in organic solvent, carries out homogeneous reaction, and concrete technology is as follows:
(1) acidolysis: described octenyl succinic acid starch is prepared by the following method: butt starch is scattered in the alcoholic solution that mass concentration is (50～90) %, be made into mass concentration for the starch milk of (10 ?30) %, then add concentrated hydrochloric acid, every 25g butt starch adds concentrated hydrochloric acid (1～3) mL; At (40～65) ℃ reaction 1～2h, use Na
2cO
3solution cessation reaction, is adjusted to neutrality, is then cooled to rapidly room temperature, and washing is centrifugal, dry; Obtain acidified starch;
(2) esterification: described acidified starch is dissolved in pyridine solution, be made into the solution that mass concentration is (10～20) %, under agitation, 8 (5～95) ℃ activation (1～3) h, then adds starch quality than the octenyl succinic acid anhydride of 1:1～5:1, sustained response (1～3) h at (85～95) ℃, after having reacted, be cooled to room temperature, washing, centrifugal, be dried to obtain product.
A self assembly starch nanometer granule, is made by above-mentioned preparation method; The particle diameter of described self assembly starch nanometer granule is 50～200nm.
How to overcome nanometer sedimentation method solvent exchange excessive velocities, the form of granule, structure, size etc. are difficult to control, and the difficult problem that particle size range is larger is the technical barrier of puzzlement this area always.If prepare nano-particle by the nanometer sedimentation method, and then dialysis treatment, the now effect of dialysis is only just to remove organic solvent, can not effectively control the formation speed of nano-particle, thereby controls nanoparticle size size.The present invention adopts initial water dialysis effectively to overcome this difficult problem.When based on amphipathic starch derivant, in aqueous solution, self assembly forms starch nano ball, hydrophobic group assembles by hydrophobic interaction the kernel that also self assembly forms micelle, and hydrophilic segment forms the shell of micelle in the surrounding of kernel.As added a small amount of water (initial water) can make amphiphilic starch derivant pre-assembled, and can reduce next step solvent and the exchange velocity of non-solvent (water) before dialysis in when dialysis.Therefore the method is effectively controlled the exchange velocity of solvent and non-solvent (water), for parents' molecular self-assembling provides the more sufficient time, makes pre-assembled nanoparticle structure become more stable; Dialysis simultaneously can be removed organic solvent completely.
On the other hand, the present invention realizes goal of the invention also needs to coordinate that to take the starch octenyl succinate anhydride of high substituted degree be raw material, inventor find the esterification starch of low replacement can not formation rule, the nanosphere of homogeneous, can only form random fragment, or thin film.
With respect to prior art tool of the present invention, have the following advantages:
1) the present invention adopts the method for self assembly to prepare nano-starch granule.By the mode of dialysis, the self assembly in aqueous solution of amphiphatic octenyl succinic acid starch forms the starch nano ball with nucleocapsid structure.Wherein, the long chain hydrocarbon groups of ocentyl succinic forms hydrophobic kernel, and has hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl formation shell.
2) particle diameter of obtained starch nanometer granule can be controlled effectively by changing substitution value, the concentration of octenyl succinic acid starch and the ratio of solvent and non-solvent etc., and ultimate size can be controlled between 50～200nm, and narrow diameter distribution.
3) method that the present invention adopts is without being used surfactant, and that prepared starch nanometer granule has is simple to operate, particle diameter is little, balling ratio is high, containing the advantages such as organic solvent residual, the carrier of useful as drug, cosmetic active ingredient.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1,2 is respectively particle size distribution figure and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the wheaten starch nano-particle of embodiment 1 preparation.In Fig. 1, abscissa is particle diameter (nm), and vertical coordinate is intensity (%); In Fig. 2, scale is 200nm.
Fig. 3,4 is respectively particle size distribution figure and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the waxy corn starch nano-particle of embodiment 2 preparations.In Fig. 3, abscissa is particle diameter (nm), and vertical coordinate is intensity (%); In Fig. 4, scale is 200nm.
Fig. 5,6 is respectively particle size distribution figure and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the corn starch nano-particle of embodiment 3 preparations.In Fig. 5, abscissa is particle diameter (nm), and vertical coordinate is intensity (%); In Fig. 6, scale is 300nm.
Fig. 7,8 is respectively particle size distribution figure and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the tapioca nano-particle of embodiment 4 preparations.In Fig. 7, abscissa is particle diameter (nm), and vertical coordinate is intensity (%); In Fig. 8, scale is 200nm.
The specific embodiment
In order to understand better the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited only to the scope of embodiment statement.
Embodiment 1:
One, the preparation of acidified starch
Take 25g (butt) wheaten starch and be scattered in 90% alcoholic solution, be made into concentration and be 30% starch milk, then add 3mL concentrated hydrochloric acid, at 55 ℃ of reaction 1.5h, use Na
2cO
3solution cessation reaction, is adjusted to neutrality, is then cooled to rapidly room temperature, and washing is centrifugal, dry.
Two, the preparation of esterification starch
Take the above-mentioned acidified starch of 15g (butt) in pyridine solution, be made into concentration and be 10% solution, under agitation, 95 ℃ of activation 1.5h, then add 45g octenyl succinic acid anhydride, sustained response 3h at 95 ℃, after having reacted, is cooled to room temperature, washing, centrifugal, dry.
Three, the preparation of starch nanometer granule
Inventor finds, only have the starch octenyl succinate anhydride ability self assembly formation rule of high substituted degree, uniform starch nano ball, compared with the starch octenyl succinate anhydride of low degree of substitution, can only form random fragment, or thin film, cannot in aqueous solution, self assembly form starch nanometer granule.Weigh 10mg ocentyl succinic wheaten starch (substitution value is 1.36) and be dissolved in 10mL dimethyl sulphoxide solution, heating at 95 ℃ until its dissolve completely after as A solution; 10mL B solution (distilled water) is joined in A solution, then octenyl succinic acid starch/dimethyl sulfoxide/water mixed solution is transferred to (molecular cut off is 8,000～14000) in bag filter, and uses 1L distill water dialysis.In starting 6h, every 2h, change dialysis solution one time; After this every 6h, change dialysis solution one time.After dialysis 24h, by the suspension in bag filter by aperture be the microporous filter membrane (water system) of 0.45 μ m to remove impurity, finally in 4 ℃ of refrigerators, preserve.From scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph (Fig. 1), can find out, starch nanometer granule is the spherical of rule; Laser particle size testing result (Fig. 2) demonstration, the mean diameter of starch nanometer granule is 54.74nm, polydispersity coefficient PDI value is 0.121.
Embodiment 2:
One, the preparation of acidified starch
Take 25g (butt) waxy corn starch and be scattered in 90% alcoholic solution, be made into concentration and be 25% starch milk, then add 1mL concentrated hydrochloric acid, at 65 ℃ of reaction 1.5h, use Na
2cO
3solution cessation reaction, is adjusted to neutrality, is then cooled to rapidly room temperature, and washing is centrifugal, dry.
Two, the preparation of esterification starch
Take the above-mentioned acidified starch of 15g (butt) in pyridine solution, be made into concentration and be 15% solution, under agitation, 85 ℃ of activation 2h, then add 60g octenyl succinic acid anhydride, sustained response 2.5h at 85 ℃, after having reacted, is cooled to room temperature, washing, centrifugal, dry.
Three, the preparation of starch nanometer granule
Weigh 20mg ocentyl succinic waxy corn starch (substitution value is 1.02) and be dissolved in 10mL dimethyl sulphoxide solution, heating at 95 ℃ until its dissolve completely after as A solution; 10mL B solution (distilled water) is joined in A solution, then octenyl succinic acid starch/dimethyl sulfoxide/water mixed solution is transferred to (molecular cut off is 8,000～14000) in bag filter, and uses 1L distill water dialysis.In starting 6h, every 2h, change dialysis solution one time; After this every 6h, change dialysis solution one time.After dialysis 32h, by the suspension in bag filter by aperture be the microporous filter membrane (water system) of 0.45 μ m to remove impurity, finally in 4 ℃ of refrigerators, preserve.From scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph (Fig. 3), can find out, starch nanometer granule is the spherical of rule; Laser particle size testing result (Fig. 4) demonstration, the mean diameter of starch nanometer granule is 77.87nm, polydispersity coefficient PDI value is 0.146.
Embodiment 3:
One, the preparation of acidified starch
Take 25g (butt) corn starch and be scattered in 50% alcoholic solution, be made into concentration and be 10% starch milk, then add 2mL concentrated hydrochloric acid, at 40 ℃ of reaction 2h, use Na
2cO
3solution cessation reaction, is adjusted to neutrality, is then cooled to rapidly room temperature, and washing is centrifugal, dry.
Two, the preparation of esterification starch
Take the above-mentioned acidified starch of 15g (butt) in pyridine solution, be made into concentration and be 20% solution, under agitation, 95 ℃ of activation 1h, then add 60g octenyl succinic acid anhydride, sustained response 2h at 95 ℃, after having reacted, is cooled to room temperature, washing, centrifugal, dry.
Three, the preparation of starch nanometer granule
Weigh 20mg ocentyl succinic corn starch (substitution value is 0.84) and be dissolved in 10mL dimethyl sulphoxide solution, heating at 95 ℃ until its dissolve completely after as A solution; 20mL B solution (distilled water) is joined in A solution, then octenyl succinic acid starch/dimethyl sulfoxide/water mixed solution is transferred to (molecular cut off is 8,000～14000) in bag filter, and uses 1L distill water dialysis.In starting 6h, every 2h, change dialysis solution one time; After this every 6h, change dialysis solution one time.After dialysis 48h, by the suspension in bag filter by aperture be the microporous filter membrane (water system) of 0.45 μ m to remove impurity, finally in 4 ℃ of refrigerators, preserve.From scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph (Fig. 5), can find out, starch nanometer granule is the spherical of rule; Laser particle size testing result (Fig. 6) demonstration, the mean diameter of starch nanometer granule is 84.62nm, polydispersity coefficient PDI value is 0.156.
Embodiment 4:
One, the preparation of acidified starch
Take 25g (butt) tapioca and be scattered in 90% alcoholic solution, be made into concentration and be 25% starch milk, then add 1mL concentrated hydrochloric acid, at 50 ℃ of reaction 1h, use Na
2cO
3solution cessation reaction, is adjusted to neutrality, is then cooled to rapidly room temperature, and washing is centrifugal, dry.
Two, the preparation of esterification starch
Take the above-mentioned acidified starch of 15g (butt) in pyridine solution, be made into concentration and be 15% solution, under agitation, 85 ℃ of activation 1h, then add 30g octenyl succinic acid anhydride, sustained response 1.5h at 85 ℃, after having reacted, is cooled to room temperature, washing, centrifugal, dry.
Three, the preparation of starch nanometer granule
Weigh 50mg ocentyl succinic tapioca (substitution value is 0.62) and be dissolved in 10mL dimethyl sulphoxide solution, heating at 95 ℃ until its dissolve completely after as A solution; 5mL B solution (distilled water) is joined in A solution, then octenyl succinic acid starch/dimethyl sulfoxide/water mixed solution is transferred to (molecular cut off is 8,000～14000) in bag filter, and uses 1L distill water dialysis.In starting 6h, every 2h, change dialysis solution one time; After this every 6h, change dialysis solution one time.After dialysis 48h, by the suspension in bag filter by aperture be the microporous filter membrane (water system) of 0.45 μ m to remove impurity, finally in 4 ℃ of refrigerators, preserve.From scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph (Fig. 7), can find out, starch nanometer granule is the spherical of rule; Laser particle size testing result (Fig. 8) demonstration, the mean diameter of starch nanometer granule is 105.9nm, polydispersity coefficient PDI value is 0.031.
Claims (8)
1. a preparation method for self assembly starch nanometer granule, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) octenyl succinic acid starch is dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide solution, obtains solution A; The substitution value of described octenyl succinic acid starch is 0.4～1.5;
(2) in solution A, add distilled water, obtain the mixed solution system of octenyl succinic acid starch/dimethyl sulfoxide/water; The volume ratio of described solution A and distilled water is 0.5:1～2:1;
(3) mixed solution is transferred in bag filter, bag filter is placed in to dialysis solution distilled water and dialyses; Every (2～6), h changes dialysis solution, altogether dialysis (24～48) h;
(4) suspension after dialysis is removed impurity through filtering with microporous membrane, at (0～4) ℃, preserves.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described starch is waxy corn starch, conventional corn starch, potato starch, tapioca, sweet potato starch, rice starch, green starch, pea starch or wheaten starch.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described solution A, the concentration of octenyl succinic acid starch is (1～15) mg/mL.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the substitution value of described octenyl succinic acid starch is 0.8～1.5.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the volume ratio of solution A and distilled water is 0.5:1～1:1.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the molecular cut off of bag filter is 8,000～14,000.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described octenyl succinic acid starch is prepared by the following method: butt starch is scattered in the alcoholic solution that mass concentration is (50～90) %, be made into mass concentration for the starch milk of (10 ?30) %, then add concentrated hydrochloric acid, every 25g butt starch adds concentrated hydrochloric acid (1～3) mL; At (40～65) ℃ reaction 1～2h, use Na
2cO
3solution cessation reaction, is adjusted to neutrality, is then cooled to rapidly room temperature, and washing is centrifugal, dry; Obtain acidified starch;
Described acidified starch is dissolved in pyridine solution, be made into the solution that mass concentration is (10～20) %, under agitation, 8 (5～95) ℃ activation (1～3) h, then adds starch quality than the octenyl succinic acid anhydride of 1:1～5:1, sustained response (1～3) h at (85～95) ℃, after having reacted, be cooled to room temperature, washing, centrifugal, be dried to obtain product.
8. a self assembly starch nanometer granule, is characterized in that it is made by preparation method described in claim 1 ?6 any one; The particle diameter of described self assembly starch nanometer granule is 50～200nm.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106580879A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-04-26 | 青岛农业大学 | Amphipathic octenyl succinic short-straight chain starch nano-particles and preparation method thereof |
| CN106883463A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-23 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of pattern and size tunable type starch nanometer granule |
| CN110437475A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2019-11-12 | 青岛农业大学 | A method of preparing hollow structure guar gum nano particle |
| CN110742271A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-04 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Application of yam active component as gastrointestinal mucosa injury improver and application thereof |
| CN112439538A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-03-05 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for separating starch with different particle sizes |
| CN115399414A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-11-29 | 山东省食品发酵工业研究设计院 | Formula and production method of fruit nano-film preservative |
| CN115708807A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-02-24 | 武汉轻工大学 | Preparation method of nano-selenium-loaded starch nano-micelle material and pharmaceutical preparation |
-
2014
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106580879A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-04-26 | 青岛农业大学 | Amphipathic octenyl succinic short-straight chain starch nano-particles and preparation method thereof |
| CN106580879B (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2019-05-10 | 青岛农业大学 | Amphiphilic short amylose nano particle of ocentyl succinic and preparation method thereof |
| CN106883463A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2017-06-23 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of pattern and size tunable type starch nanometer granule |
| CN106883463B (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2019-05-07 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of preparation method of pattern and size tunable type starch nanometer granule |
| CN110437475A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2019-11-12 | 青岛农业大学 | A method of preparing hollow structure guar gum nano particle |
| CN110742271A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-04 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Application of yam active component as gastrointestinal mucosa injury improver and application thereof |
| CN110742271B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2022-06-14 | 广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所 | Application of yam active component in preparation of intestinal mucosa injury improver and application thereof |
| CN112439538A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-03-05 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for separating starch with different particle sizes |
| CN112439538B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-08-05 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for separating starch with different particle sizes |
| CN115399414A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-11-29 | 山东省食品发酵工业研究设计院 | Formula and production method of fruit nano-film preservative |
| CN115399414B (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2024-05-17 | 山东省食品发酵工业研究设计院 | Fruit nano-film preservative and production method thereof |
| CN115708807A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-02-24 | 武汉轻工大学 | Preparation method of nano-selenium-loaded starch nano-micelle material and pharmaceutical preparation |
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