CN1041886A - The manufacture method of carbon absorbent - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of manufacture method of carbon absorbent, traditional manufacturing process are raw material → pulverizing → sub-sieve → charing → sub-sieve → activation → washing → drying → classification.The present invention utilizes coke oven end as raw material, and through pulverizing, directly activate behind the sub-sieve, saved carbonization process, used coke oven end Jiaozhuo to be raw material, its soak time 3～5 hours, the activation temperature correspondence is at 950 ℃～850 ℃, carbon water was than 1: 1～1: 3, and best carbon water ratio is that 1: 3 optimum activating time is 4 hours, and temperature is 900 ℃.Thereby save cost greatly, simplified technology, make absorption method in the large-scale industry waste water treatment, become possibility.

Description

The manufacture method of carbon absorbent

A kind of manufacture method of carbon absorbent; the method of the burnt charcoal processing matter of coke oven end sorbent material particularly; along with industrial development; the requirement of the eubiosis that controls environment is more and more strict; in order to ensure the water source and to carry out environment protection; must be by improvement, in the hope of the requirement of discharging again after reaching the recirculation use or making the pollutant load index qualified to trade effluent.Because utilize the organic pollutant in the charcoal absorption method removal trade effluent, it is big to have loading capacity, degree of purification height, convenience operation, thereby up to the present be considered to effectively also ideal method always.The manufacture method of gac except that chemical method (with ZnCL ₂Be activator) use the method for physics combination usually, its manufacturing process is: raw material → pulverizing → sub-sieve → charing → activation → washing → drying → classification.Thereby the cost height, be unfavorable for being extensive use of, therefore, the developing novel material particularly utilizes discarded starting material underway always with the exploration work of seeking cheap gac.

The objective of the invention is by a kind of new cheap carbon material adsorbing material → coke oven end Jiao is provided, and select corresponding activation condition, make sorbent material, from then on realize direct activation technology, reach and reduce cost, simplify technology.

Specific implementation:

The present invention is the raw material of making burnt matter sorbent material with coke oven end Jiaozhuo, so-called burner Jiao, promptly in process of coking, after each coke pushing,, some times coke (being called burner Jiao) is always arranged at fire door and pusher side furnace wall bead place, these coke are because near fire door, carbonization temperature is low, can not usually it be discarded or shovel coking chamber and fire as qualified metallurgical coke.See that from mechanism of coke formation the variation of the carbonization process structure of coal is broadly divided into below 400 ℃, 400～650 ℃, three phases more than 650 ℃, 400～650 ℃ is the important stage that forms porous carbon residue structure, fugitive constituent sharply reduces, the generation of a large amount of first tar, cause the variation of carbon residue structure, because the generation of the fracture of side chain and first tar and the increase of carbon residue aromatic structure, hydroxyl itself and aliphatic structure reduce, carbon residue becomes porous mass, and equilibrium water content increases, Here it is thermal decomposition process.The dull and stereotyped molecule of aromatic series begins polycondensation more than 65 ℃, and mean diameter increases, and the mean number of molecules middle plateform molecule descends, and temperature continues to improve, and then dull and stereotyped molecular diameter further increases, and density is more near graphite, thermal polycondensation process that Here it is.After the charing destructive distillation of high temperature coke such as metallurgical coke experience more than 1300 ℃, non-carbon has been brought into play totally, though the content of carbon significantly increases, but carbon polycondensation becomes the macromole polycondensation product, several tights between the molecule, how to activate at one's discretion, also can not obtain resembling the flourishing space of activated carbon, big must be surprising internal surface area and high loading capacity.Burner Jiao is present in fire door and pusher side furnace wall bead, and carbonization temperature is low, and some thermolysis begins, and some thermal polycondensation finishes as yet, leaves that certain volatilization is intermolecular still a space, is suitable as making the carbon absorbent raw material.Through suitably broken, after the screening, just can directly activate.And can save carbonization process, greatly reduce cost.

Because adopting coke oven end Jiaozhuo is raw material, directly activate, therefore in reactivation process, the grade of the burnt raw material of soak time, activation temperature, activation activator level and burner is all very important, strict these factors of grasping are the keys of producing suitable sorbent material.

All multifactor in, activation temperature is the most tangible one, theory according to Dubinin, reed gets the micropore gac when burning mistake rate is lower than 50%, and greater than 70% o'clock, reed got big mesoporous activated carbon, and between 50% and 75%, gac has mixed structure, under certain condition, temperature whenever differ 50 ℃ then iodine adsorption rate can change about 10%.

Soak time and activation temperature have confidential relation, and the time weak point then requires furnace temperature high slightly, through test, suitable soak time is 3～5 hours, activation temperature corresponds to 950 ℃～850 ℃, and soak time is long, and it is also high that the temperature height then burns the mistake rate, general at various soak time and the pairing burning mistake of temperature optimum point rate always 40～50%, according to the Dubinin theory, this moment, carbon absorbent still belonged to microvoid structure, the hole prosperity, internal surface area is big, the loading capacity height.

The consumption of superheated vapo(u)r (representing) with carbon water ratio, active mass also there is bigger influence, no matter under which kind of activation condition, carbon water ratio was from 1: 1～1: 3, iodine adsorption rate increases progressively successively, but if carbon water ratio increases at 1.4 o'clock, not only iodine adsorption rate descends rapidly, also seeping phenomenon can occur in the flue, and influence furnace temperature.

At above-mentioned soak time, under the condition of temperature and carbon water ratio, the carbon absorbent grade of sieving is higher with 12～8 orders, two kinds of carbon content of 8～6 orders, ash is lower, iodine adsorption rate is also higher, and the globule size of this two-stage grade meets the size of conventional gac, can not cause excessive resistance in water treatment procedure.

Unusual effect of the present invention is that it utilizes depleted coke oven end Jiaozhuo to be raw material, has opened up new raw material sources, has saved starting material, has simplified production technique, has lowered production cost, convenient sorbent material being extensive use of in waste water control greatly.

Fig. 1 is that the burnt raw material of burner of the present invention is activating 3 hours various temperature of reaction, the synoptic diagram of activator capacity and activation results (iodine number and burning mistake rate).

Fig. 2 is that the burnt raw material of burner of the present invention is activating 4 hours various temperature of reaction, the synoptic diagram of activator capacity and activation results (iodine number and burning mistake rate).

Fig. 3 is that the burnt raw material of burner of the present invention is activating 5 hours various temperature of reaction, the synoptic diagram of activator capacity and activation results (iodine number and burning mistake rate).

As can be known, the priming reaction of setting up under the various conditions is a homeostasis process from Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and the change of any one condition all can affect the quality of the carbon absorbent of producing. And activation temperature is of paramount importance, and under certain condition, temperature whenever differs 50 ℃, and then iodine adsorption rate can change about 10%; Generally no matter under what conditions in 1: 1～1: 3 scope, iodine adsorption rate increases progressively the consumption of superheated vapor (recently representing with carbon water) successively; Soak time and activation temperature have close contacting, and soak time is 3～5 hours preferably, and corresponding activation temperature is 950 ℃～850 ℃; Soak time is long, temperature is high, the combustion head rate is also high, and as can be seen from the figure, under various soak time, burning mistake rate that can be corresponding at the temperature Best Point is general always 40～50%.

Most preferred embodiment:

Best carbon water ratio is 1: 3

Through test, drew soak time 4 hours, 900 ℃ of carbon water of temperature are preferable control condition than at 1: 3, the sorbent material that makes like this, adsorption rate is near 50%.

Soak time 5 hours, 850 ℃ of temperature, carbon water also was a reference mark preferably than 1: 3.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of manufacture method of carbon absorbent, its manufacturing process are raw material → pulverizing → sub-sieve → charing → sub-sieve → activation → washing → drying → classification.It is characterized in that described raw material is coke oven end Jiao and direct activation behind pulverizing, sub-sieve, soak time is 3～5 hours, and activation temperature corresponds to 950 ℃～850 ℃, and carbon water ratio is 1: 1～1: 3, and activator is a water vapour.

2, the manufacture method of carbon absorbent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the carbon water ratio in the reactivation process is 1: 3.

3, the manufacture method of carbon absorbent as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described grain size of raw material is 12-8,8-6 purpose coke oven end Jiao.

4, as the manufacture method of claim 1,2,3 described carbon absorbents, it is characterized in that soak time is 4 hours in the described activating process, activation temperature is 900 ℃.

5, as the manufacture method of claim 1,2,3 described carbon absorbents, it is characterized in that in the described activating process that soak time is 5 hours, activation temperature is 850 ℃.

6, as the manufacture method of claim 1,2,3 described carbon absorbents, it is characterized in that in the described activating process that soak time is 3 hours, activation temperature is 950 ℃.