CN104187094B

CN104187094B - Fish meal

Info

Publication number: CN104187094B
Application number: CN201410394602.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄美群
Original assignee: NINGBO BEILUN XUHONG AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: Taishan Fuma Feed Co. Ltd.
Priority date: 2014-08-12
Filing date: 2014-08-12
Publication date: 2016-06-08
Anticipated expiration: 2034-08-12
Also published as: CN104187094A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of fish meal, is made up of by weight following component: whitefish powder 25-40 part, soybean meal 30-50 part, Semen arachidis hypogaeae cake 10-15 part, Wheat bran 3-6 part, Zein powder 5-15 part, casein 15-20 part. Fish meal of the present invention, proportioning is appropriate, has nutritive ingredient comprehensive, the feature luring food power strong, promotes the fast-growth of fish, reduces feed coefficient, also just reduces aquaculture cost, it is to increase the immunizing power of fish, strengthens the resistance against diseases of fish.

Description

Fish meal

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of feed, particularly relate to a kind of fish meal.

Background technology

Feed is the general name of the food of everyone domesticated animal. Relatively narrowly general feeds mainly refers to the food of agricultural or animal husbandry domesticated animal.

The design of feed formulation, first will according to the different livestock and poultry feeding standard that silks is fixed to the needs of various nutrient substance, its secondary nutritive ingredient having a common feedstuffs.

Along with breeding fish the improving constantly of technology in pond, the pond fish farming technology of high investment, high production more and more becomes more meticulous. The present market requirement to the more fish of demand to demand more high-quality fish change. In the process of pond fish farming, the use of feed not only directly impact breed fish the economic benefit at family, and affect the quality cultivating fish.

Fish meal, as the term suggests being exactly the feed fed to fish. The main component of fish meal: main component protein, fat, VITAMIN and mineral substance. The nutritive ingredient of feed can not only affect the normal growth of fishes and shrimps, and can affect the immune disease-resistance ability of fishes and shrimps. But, the current relation about interaction between fishes and shrimps nutrition and immune factor and the mechanism of action it be unclear that, must the mutual relationship of immune factor in strengthening research fishes and shrimps body and nutritive substance, for aquaculture provides strong theoretical foundation, to promote the Sustainable development of water industry. To the throw something and feed object of feed of fish be: for raising the healthy state that fish keep good, best growth, best output necessary nutritional needs is provided, and reduces to the refuse that environment brings as far as possible, for the profit of the best pays rational cost. The nutritional quality that feed is good and physical properties are that the technology of breeding fish reaches the key produced with economic goal.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of and has the fish meal that cost is low, the speed of growth fast, fish should not fall ill.

The present invention seeks to be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of fish meal, is made up of by weight following component: whitefish powder 25-40 part, soybean meal 30-50 part, Semen arachidis hypogaeae cake 10-15 part, Wheat bran 3-6 part, Zein powder 5-15 part, casein 15-20 part.

A kind of fish meal, is made up of by weight following component: whitefish powder 25-40 part, soybean meal 30-50 part, Semen arachidis hypogaeae cake 10-15 part, Wheat bran 3-6 part, Zein powder 5-15 part, casein 15-20 part, Chinese medicine additive 2-3 part.

A kind of fish meal, it is made up of by weight following component: whitefish powder 25-40 part, soybean meal 30-50 part, Semen arachidis hypogaeae cake 10-15 part, Wheat bran 3-6 part, Zein powder 5-15 part, casein 15-20 part, Chinese medicine additive 2-3 part, biological mildew inhibitor 0.05-0.15 part.

Described Chinese medicine additive, is made up of by weight following component: Medcinal Evodia Fruit 5-8 part, red sage root 5-8 part, banksia rose 3-7 part, Herba Cistanches 3-7 part, Semen Raphani 3-7 part, bighead atractylodes rhizome 3-7 part, Poria cocos 3-7 part, cassia twig 3-7 part, Endoconcha Sepiae 3-7 part.

Described biological mildew inhibitor, is made up of by weight following component: Golden Larch Bark formic acid 1-5 part, garlicin 1-5 part. Golden Larch Bark formic acid, No. CAS: 82508-32-5; Garlicin, No. CAS: 539-86-6.

Above-mentioned each raw material is taken in proportion, mixes, the fish meal of the present invention can be obtained.

Described soybean meal, Semen arachidis hypogaeae cake, Wheat bran, Zein powder, casein are the starting material that feedstuff industry is conventional, have and clearly record in " single feeds product catalogue (2008) " that the Ministry of Agriculture formulates.

In the present invention, fish meal refers to that with one or more fish be raw material, the high-protein feed through deoiling, dewater, after grinding and processing. The fish meal producing country in the whole world mainly contains Peru, Chile, Japan, Denmark, the U.S., USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), Norway etc., and wherein Peru accounts for the 70% of general trade amount with the export volume of Chile. Fish meal presses feedstock property, color and luster classification, and fish meal is divided into 6 kinds: common fish meal (orange white or brown); Whitefish powder (greyish white or yellow canescence, based on cod); Brown fish meal (the brown or brown of orange); Mixing fish meal (shallow dark brown or thick black); Whale powder (light/dark balance) and the fish dregs of rice (fish process residues) etc. The one that whitefish powder selected in the present invention is in above-mentioned fish meal. In the Chinese invention patent authorized, as 200810195781.9,200510108099.8,200510044226.2 etc. all openly employ this whitefish powder.

Each herbal raw material in described Chinese medicine additive all has in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2005 editions first clearly to be recorded.

The fish meal of the present invention is added with herbal medicine, optimizes the prescription of feed, and proportioning is appropriate, has nutritive ingredient comprehensive, the feature luring food power strong, promotes the fast-growth of fish, reduces feed coefficient, also just reduce aquaculture cost, it is to increase the immunizing power of fish, strengthen the resistance against diseases of fish.

Fish meal of the present invention, feed adds herbal medicine, by their reasonable compatibility, synergy so that it is have nutrition and medicine two attribute concurrently, namely containing nutritive substance, the composition again with antiviral activity and other biologic activity, can improve fish immunity of organisms, prophylaxis of viral diseases, again can enhancing development, increasing both production and income. Having the plurality of advantages such as natural, efficient, toxic side effect is little, security height, residual are few, and raw material sources are wide, cost is low, technique is simple. There is good economic benefit and social benefit, be conducive to the sound development of culture fishery.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.

Embodiment 1

Take: 30 kilograms, whitefish powder, soybean meal 40 kilograms, Semen arachidis hypogaeae cake 12 kilograms, Wheat bran 5 kilograms, Zein powder 10 kilograms, casein 18 kilograms, Chinese medicine additive 2.5 kilograms, 0.05 kilogram, Golden Larch Bark formic acid, garlicin 0.05 kilogram.

Described Chinese medicine additive, is made up of by weight following component: Medcinal Evodia Fruit 7 parts, the red sage root 7 parts, the banksia rose 5 parts, Herba Cistanches 5 parts, Semen Raphani 5 parts, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 5 parts, 5 parts, Poria cocos, cassia twig 5 parts, Endoconcha Sepiae 5 parts.

Embodiment 2

Take: 30 kilograms, whitefish powder, soybean meal 40 kilograms, Semen arachidis hypogaeae cake 12 kilograms, Wheat bran 5 kilograms, Zein powder 10 kilograms, casein 18 kilograms, Chinese medicine additive 2.5 kilograms, 0.1 kilogram, Golden Larch Bark formic acid.

Embodiment 3

Take: 30 kilograms, whitefish powder, soybean meal 40 kilograms, Semen arachidis hypogaeae cake 12 kilograms, Wheat bran 5 kilograms, Zein powder 10 kilograms, casein 18 kilograms, Chinese medicine additive 2.5 kilograms, garlicin 0.1 kilogram.

Embodiment 4

Take: 30 kilograms, whitefish powder, soybean meal 40 kilograms, Semen arachidis hypogaeae cake 12 kilograms, Wheat bran 5 kilograms, Zein powder 10 kilograms, casein 18 kilograms, Chinese medicine additive 2.5 kilograms.

Embodiment 5

Take: 30 kilograms, whitefish powder, soybean meal 40 kilograms, Semen arachidis hypogaeae cake 12 kilograms, Wheat bran 5 kilograms, Zein powder 10 kilograms, casein 18 kilograms.

Test case 1:

Experiment fish: crucian. After carrying out fish body sterilization with 4wt% edible salt, put into indoor other 2 cement pits posting white ceramic tile and support 1 week temporarily.

Test and carry out in indoor plastics matter collecting box, case adds cover wire netting, prevents fish dive from going out. It is configured with oxygen increasing pump, water temperature 21-23 DEG C, pH7.0-8.0 in each matter collecting box. Experimental water is made a living and is applied flexibly underground water.

Ensure the full food of fish, observe fish normally eat food, anosis after, get physique at random and breed fish temporarily normally each 10 tails, every tail fish quality is at about 300 grams. Feed is thrown something and fed 2 times every day, and feeding volume rests in can ingest 24 hours for fish and slightly have a surplus. Being cleaned by matter collecting box every 1 hour and change water, quantity of exchanged water is 1/2nd of whole volume of water, raises 22 days. The weight of each tail fish is all accurately taken before and after experiment starts. Experimental data is in table 1.

Rate of body weight gain=(eventually end quality-initial mass) �� initial mass �� 100%

Table 1: crucian weightening finish table

	Embodiment 1	Embodiment 2	Embodiment 3	Embodiment 4	Embodiment 5
						Initial mass/g	300	300	300	300	300
End quality/g eventually	395	394	393	390	352
						Increase quality/g	95	94	93	90	52
Rate of body weight gain/%	31.7	31.3	31.0	30.0	17.3

Test case 2:

Selecting healthy, crucian of uniform size, if 3 test group (I, II, III), often group puts crucian 40 tail, point supports in the PVC aquarium of 120cm �� 80cm �� 60cm, and test group is thrown something and fed the fish meal of embodiment 1, embodiment 4, embodiment 5 respectively. Every day, point morning and afternoon threw something and fed for twice by 5% body weight bait throwing in. Every morning is with the residual bait at the bottom of siphonage sucking-off pond and ight soil. Trial period, water temperature was 20-25 DEG C, inflation in 24 hours. Raise and carry out the mensuration about index after 15 days. After raising terminates, often group is got 20 tail crucians and is put in another aquarium, and the crucian meat of oral infection white spot virus is cooked challenge viral dosage as poison bait;Getting 20 tail crucians again, be put in another aquarium, the basal feed continuing to throw something and feed original is raised, and records the accumulative death condition of crucian in 7 days, calculates relative survival rate.

Result shows, the present invention can reduce the effect of feed coefficient, there is higher protein efficiency ratio, PER, nitrogen retention rate and phosphorus deposition, the present invention realizes the balance of feed amino acid, improve the utilization ratio of fish meal, thus reduce the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in feed, improve cultivation water (table 2).

Table 2: the growth of crucian, survival and feed conversion table

Test case 3:

Pond culture crucian, throw something and feed fish meal described in EXAMPLE l, the 1.5wt% being fish gross weight by feeding volume every day carries out feedstuff feeding, after 3 months, compared with fish of the same age in the pond of fish meal described in embodiment of throwing something and feeding with other 5, average body length exceedes control group pond 11%, and average weight gain is more than 12%.

Test case 4:

Pond culture grass carp, throw something and feed fish meal described in EXAMPLE l, the 1.5wt% being fish gross weight by feeding volume every day carries out feedstuff feeding, after 3 months, compared with fish of the same age in the pond of fish meal described in embodiment of throwing something and feeding with other 5, average body length exceedes control group pond 12.5%, and average weight gain is more than 13%.

Test case 5:

The many precious fishes of pond culture, fish meal described in EXAMPLE l of throwing something and feeding, the 1.5wt% being fish gross weight by feeding volume every day carries out feedstuff feeding, and after 3 months, compared with the fish of the same age in the pond of fish meal described in embodiment of throwing something and feeding with other 5, average weight gain is more than 9.5%.

Fish meal of the present invention is added with herbal medicine, and proportioning is appropriate, and nutritive ingredient is comprehensive, lures food power strong, promotes the fast-growth of fish, reduce feed coefficient, it is to increase fish immunizing power, strengthens fish resistance against diseases.

Test case 6:

Respectively get the fish meal of 500 grams of embodiment 1-5 respectively, pack, put in proofing box, in temperature 30 DEG C, relative humidity 75% when place.

Within 50th day, sample depositing, measure total number of molds in each treatment group feed according to standard " in GB/T13092-2006 feed the mensuration of total number of molds ". Experimental result is in table 3.

Table 3: the fungi count scale of 50 days deposited by feed

	Total number of bacterial colony (CFU/g) in feed
		Embodiment 1	1.1��10⁴
Embodiment 2	2.6��10⁴
		Embodiment 3	2.7��10⁴
Embodiment 4	1.4��10⁷
		Embodiment 5	1.7��10⁷

After the fish meal of the present invention adds biological mildew inhibitor Golden Larch Bark formic acid and/or garlicin, the quantity of microorganism in feed can be reduced, the metabolism of control microorganism and growth, the generation of mould fungus inhibition toxin, the loss of prevention feed storage phase nutritive ingredient, prevents feed moldy metamorphism and extends the storage time.

Embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 and 3 are compared, it is possible to find out significantly: the total number of bacterial colony after adopting the embodiment 1 of Golden Larch Bark formic acid and garlicin complex biological mould inhibitor to deposit 50 days is obviously less than the total number of bacterial colony of the embodiment 2 and 3 only adopting single creature mould inhibitor Golden Larch Bark formic acid or garlicin. The quality guaranteed period of embodiment 1 is longer.

Add Golden Larch Bark formic acid and the composite biological mildew inhibitor of garlicin in the present invention, more can destroy the coloured glaze base enzyme function of mould by synergy, hinder the metabolism of mould further, prevent feed moldy metamorphism effect more obvious.

Claims

1. a fish meal, it is characterized in that, it is made up of by weight following component: whitefish powder 25-40 part, soybean meal 30-50 part, Semen arachidis hypogaeae cake 10-15 part, Wheat bran 3-6 part, Zein powder 5-15 part, casein 15-20 part, Chinese medicine additive 2-3 part;