CN104183045A - Capacitive sensing technology-based access control system - Google Patents
Capacitive sensing technology-based access control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104183045A CN104183045A CN201410430972.4A CN201410430972A CN104183045A CN 104183045 A CN104183045 A CN 104183045A CN 201410430972 A CN201410430972 A CN 201410430972A CN 104183045 A CN104183045 A CN 104183045A
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Abstract
A capacitive sensing technology-based access control system relates to an access control system capable of achieving identity recognition by using a biological validation technology, and particularly relates to an access control system with a function of combining a touch gesture cipher with individual capacitance uniqueness. The system concretely comprises the following parts: a power supply for providing working voltage, an interactive interface for achieving logging, registering and learning, a touch sensing device for sensing a cipher gesture, a frequency sweeping driver for generating a frequency sweeping signal, a data collection device for collecting a change signal on the touch sensing device, a data processing unit for generating a fixed format file by collected data, a data storage device for storing files, a mode matching recognition unit for recognizing the user identity, an electronic lock for opening and closing a detection device, a control unit for controlling the parts to work in phase, and a management control general office for recording an access log and performing master control. According to the access control system, the safety of access control is enhanced, and the situation that the capacitance among individual bodies has difference is taken into consideration so that illegal persons cannot imitate the gestures of valid users to open a door.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gate control system that realizes identification by biometric authentication technology, specifically a kind of touch gestures ciphertext and the gate control system that a body capacitance uniqueness combines, belong to field of information security technology.
Background technology
Gate control system is to be developed by traditional mechanical lock.Along with scientific and technical development, in succession there is again electronic password lock and utilized smart card/IC-card, biological characteristic to carry out the gate control system that identification is unblanked.
Through long time integration, a minority has grasped and has opened knocking at the door of mechanical lock, and most of mechanical lock also easy violence is opened.And one mechanical lock, be necessarily equipped with one unique key.If the door of opening is many, that key is also just many, causes and carries and manage inconvenience.Meanwhile, key is easily lost.After most people can key lose, for security consideration, select to change lock, this makes troubles more.For the losing key and need change the unmanageable defect of lock & key of mechanical lock, smart card/IC-card arises at the historic moment.Within memory range, a slight IC-card, can open multiple leaf door.But along with being widely used of smart card, its shortcoming also displays gradually, the conference of wearing and tearing such as information easily copies, blocks that storage space is little, between card and card reader causes demagnetization, and this series of defect has been brought potential safety hazard.Electronic password lock, although user only need to remember password, just can open door without key and card, and when bringing convenience, password is easily revealed and cracked, thereby safety coefficient is also very low.Sum up above-mentioned three kinds of gate control systems, can find the identity authorization system used, all not included unique user identity characteristic, " once key has fallen ", do not adopt remedial measures, any one people who picks up can take it, can open door.
And gate control system based on biometric authentication technology has just solved the problems referred to above.Comparatively widely used biometric authentication means, have fingerprint, iris, face recognition etc. at present.The feature of fingerprint is unique, easily obtain, thereby becomes the first-selection of biometric authentication.Along with the popularization of fingerprint authentication, its shortcoming displays, such as, some colony, due to wearing and tearing or other reason cause fingerprint characteristic few, difficult imaging, thus can not carry out identity verification by fingerprint recognition, fingerprint authentication of every use, user all can be on fingerprint collecting head fingerprints trace, and the fingerprint trace staying may be copied by lawless person, thereby forge fingerprint by checking; And iris verification technique requires the compact in size of image acquisition equipment, focus on expensive camera, use reasonable light source, these cause cost to increase, in addition, camera lens may make pattern distortion and reliability is greatly reduced, and the iris of Black Eyes extremely difficulty reads; Face recognition, because influenced factor is too many, as the use etc. of expression, cosmetics, its accuracy has much room for improvement, and face recognition identifies for user's portrait, and this can relate to user's privacy problem.More important point is that above all biometric authentication technology, have all only used user a certain position with it.Tentatively hypothesis, lawless person has obtained the position that is used for authentication of certain validated user, under certain condition, can be by checking.This brings hidden danger not only to the safety of Verification System, and more user's personal safety brings hidden danger.
Based on the gate control system of capacitive sensing technology, the body capacitance feature of using, is relevant to the integrality of human body.Only have human body to keep complete and active, could be by authentication.The at present also favourable Verification System with electric capacity identification, such as the pattern release certification in smart mobile phone, on capacitance plate signature authentication etc.These normally detect touching touch-screen position, touching order etc., with identification icon ciphertext, and handwriting signature, thus realize certification.These systems exist pattern ciphertext to leak equally, the potential safety hazard that handwriting signature is imitated by people.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters: the object of the invention is to overcome " key " that exist in existing gate control system and easily palm off, easily substituted by other people and easily damage the many difficulties of losing, a kind of gate control system based on capacitive sensing technology is provided, user is under the condition by other object not, only depend on one group of gesture can complete the authentication of gate control system, and disabled user to want to open the door by the mode of imitating validated user gesture be infeasible.
Technical scheme: the present invention has utilized a kind of capacitance touch induction technology, i.e. frequency sweep capacitive sensing technology, realizes the authentication of gate control system.As the core of gate control system, authentication process is roughly as follows: the swept-frequency signal that is produced certain frequency scope by the signal generating unit in drive unit, be loaded into touch induction device through driving circuit, data collector gathers variable signal, obtain echo circuit amplitude-versus-frequency curve within the scope of a band frequency, generate the data file of certain format to data processing equipment, store and send to pattern match recognition device to make identity judgement.Between data processing equipment, control module, pattern match recognition device, design a serial communication protocol, realize message exchange, comprise data file transmission to pattern match recognition device by data processing equipment, and the transmission of control signal between pattern match recognition device and control module.Use for reference the feature of conventional cipher identification, for each user divides an independently storage area in data storage device, storing data files, reduces the classification quantity that identification is used, and improves the accuracy rate of identification.
Gate control system based on capacitive sensing technology of the present invention specifically comprises following part:
1) supply unit: for working power being provided to this system, internal battery, for having a power failure time power supply, supply unit can be to power rectifier simultaneously, obtains working current and the voltage of steady point;
2) interactive interface: for realizing user's registration, login, learning functionality, and system shows the authentication result to user;
3) touch induction device: for typing user's touch gestures ciphertext, the gesture ciphertext that the process of typing is remembered according to oneself by user, touching touch induction device is realized;
4) frequency sweep drives: frequency sweep drives and comprises signal generating circuit and driving circuit, and wherein signal generating circuit is for generation of swept-frequency signal, and swept-frequency signal is acted on touch induction device by driving circuit;
5) control module: the control of managed control exchange, and for coordinating the other system member device of work in order;
6) data collector: for gathering the change modeling amount on touch induction device, entered filtering, demodulation, and be finally converted to digital quantity;
7) data processing unit: for by digitalized data, the recognizer adopting according to system require form, generating structure, length established data file;
8) data storage device: for according to the control signal of control module output, data file is stored in to the address of appointment;
9) pattern match recognition unit: for to image data file identification, judge, result is sent to control module, go the certification of controlling User Interface to show result;
10) opening and closing detector: for detection of the folding condition of door, and send to control module;
11) electronic lock: under control signal excitation, electronic lock is opened, otherwise closed;
12) exchange is controlled in management: for recording visiting personnel identity, visiting time departure and managing user information, as authority.
Described supply unit, in the time connecting external power source by adapter, has charge the below limit power supply of electric situation, and after being full of, only power supply, when power failure, uses storage battery power supply.
Described interactive interface comprises:
1) registration, for having new user's the typing of gesture ciphertext of lawful authority;
2) login, typing gesture ciphertext after login, waiting system contrasts new ciphertext with the ciphertext of this user in storer after,
Follow the result providing according to pattern match recognition unit, determine whether certification is passed through;
3) study, has deposited the user in system in, under authentication success state, can upgrade the content of system storage corresponding address, thus the accuracy of Modify password or raising data with existing file;
The swept-frequency signal that described signal generating circuit produces, through described driving circuit, is applied on described touch induction device;
Described touch induction device, all installs in the interior outside of door, for detection of the person's of entering identity and leaver's identity, avoids disabled user to trail the situation that validated user arbitrarily enters or leaves.
Described pattern match recognition unit, receives the data from data processing unit, and does and mate with the data of data storage cell, and whether identify active user is the validated user of input system;
Described management control exchange, its managerial personnel must be by authentication, ability leading subscriber authority and control control module; Exchange is controlled in management, receives the data from pattern match recognition unit and the opening and closing detector that transmitted by control module, records visitor's identity information, enters the temporal information of leaving and the duration information that once opens the door; If it is oversize to detect the time of opening the door, warn to managerial personnel.
Beneficial effect: the present invention proposes a kind of utilization and touch cognitive gate control system of carrying out authentication, contrast universal gate control system (mechanical lock, electronic cipher, IC-card) and stylish gate control system (biological identification), the present invention has strengthened the security of gate control system, even if the gesture of validated user is imitated by disabled user, due to the existence of the capacitance difference opposite sex between individuality, disabled user can not pass through gate control system.Different from universal gate control system, the present invention is applied in biological characteristic validation technology in the authentication of gate control system.With present stage exist biometric authentication gate control system compared with, the verification method that gate control system is herein used, needed hardware platform structure is simpler, cost is low; Install easy for installation, low in energy consumption; Signal amplitude is easy to measure; Body capacitance has stability and uniqueness within a period of time; Considering that electric capacity is relevant with human body integrality degree, if lawless person thinks that means obtain a human body part by force, for example, by the authentication (cut finger, pass through finger print identifying) of gate control system, is infeasible.So to a certain degree, this gate control system authentication method used, is more conducive to protect user's personal safety and the safety of gate control system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system construction drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that frequency sweep of the present invention drives 4 structural drawing;
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of data collector 6 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is communication protocol flow figure of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is asynchronous serial port sequential chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention utilizes the principle of electric capacity identification, when people's touch inductor, can cause that the swept-frequency signal on induction installation changes, find different people through experiment, with same gesture touch inductor, the variation difference causing, can be used as thus and distinguishes different people foundation, realizes the identification and authentication of people's identity.Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, the present invention includes by supply unit 1, interactive interface 2, frequency sweep driving 4, touch induction device 3, control module 5, data collector 6, data processing unit 7, data storage device 8 and pattern match recognition unit 9, opening and closing detector 17, electronic lock 18, management and control exchange 19; Wherein frequency sweep drives 4 to comprise signal generating unit 10, amplification module 11, filtration module 12 and driving circuit 13; Data collector 6 comprises voltage follower circuit 14, envelope detection circuit 15 and AD modular converter 16; Supply unit 1 provides stable operating voltage and electric current to system; Each module is worked in order under the control of control module 5 and control module 5 is controlled by management control exchange 19.
User, on interactive interface 2, inputs user name login; Control module 5 triggers frequency sweep and drives 4, produces and stablizes effective swept-frequency signal, is loaded on touch induction device 3; User takes turns doing three gesture ciphertexts on touch induction device 3; In the variable signal of data collector 6 from touch induction device 3, demodulate useful signal, then do AD sampling, send to data processing unit 7; Data processing unit 7, according to specific format generated data file, sends to pattern match recognition device 9; Pattern match recognition device 9, from data storage cell, call this user's history data file, use pattern matching algorithm to mate, if within specification error, the data file of three gesture generations is all the same with history data file, and that thinks that user is validated user, thereby realizes the authentication process of gate control system; Mode matching device sends to control module 5 and management to control exchange 19 authentication information, and whether the former passes through according to certification, sends control signal and selects control electronic lock 18 to open, the latter's record access person's personal information and access time; The folding condition of 17 moment of opening and closing detector detecting gate, sends to control module 5 in real time by testing result, if detect, the time span of a unlatching is abnormal, reports to management and controls exchange 19, makes response by keeper.
The principle of work of its verification process: human body has resistive and capacitive character, so direct current signal can be blocked, alternating current can pass through skin.In the time that people touches touch induction device 3,3 and human body in can between conducting liquid, form a capacitive character interface, human body is a suitable charger in whole circuit, swept-frequency signal, as a kind of alternating current, is sent to ground by bone and organ.Human body, in this loop, can, to being carried on touch induction device 3, drive 4 swept-frequency signals that produce to frequency sweep, causes interference, changes its amplitude and frequency.Because swept-frequency signal is with frequency change, data collector 6, can gather under different frequency, the amplitude of variable signal, thus obtain the characteristic curve that variable signal amplitude changes with frequency.
If change the mode of touching touch induction device 3, characteristic curve changes thereupon; If change a people, with removing to touch touch induction device 3 with the previous the same gesture of people, characteristic curve is also different.So can think, characteristic curve has uniqueness and identifiability.And pattern match is exactly to adopt certain method, the current characteristic curve obtaining and history feature curve comparison, finally provides authentication result, thereby realize authentication.
In above-described embodiment, according to the material of door, select door magnetic suitable in MCMC series, form opening and closing detector 17,, this magnetic, in completing the detection of elementary gate folding condition, can also be realized the function of unusual condition unlatching hummer.
The electric control lock that electronic lock 18 models are NB-S2, dead bolt has pick-proof lock effect, long service life, static reactive consumption, security is better, and automatically controlled, knob, three kinds of optional modes of key are unblanked, and use the automatically controlled mode of unblanking in above-mentioned case study on implementation.
Control module 5 is by MSP430F2619 chip microcontroller.Management is controlled exchange 19 and can be realized by PC, between control module 5 and management control unit 19, adopts the networking of RS485 bus.
Touch induction device 3 can use conductor arbitrarily to form, signal generating unit 10 is made up of AD9850 chip, amplify through the amplifying circuit 11 being formed by NE5534, again through a bandwidth-limited circuit, produce frequency range be 100kHz to 250kHz, the swept-frequency signal that stepping is 100Hz.
Data collector 6, has realized voltage follower circuit 14 by NE5534, and envelope detection circuit 15 is made up of diode envelope detection circuit simply.Adopt the AD of MSP430F2619 single-chip microcomputer to adopt module, the modulation signal obtaining after detection is sampled, wherein in 250kHz, gather 500 points at 100kHz, finally send to data processing unit 7.
Pattern match recognition unit 9, with embedded board, Devkit8500 realizes.In Devkit8500, with display module, recycling Qt software development environment, User Interface 2 can be realized in the above.Pattern match recognition unit 9, has adopted LIBSVM classification and identification algorithm, so data processing equipment 7 is all according to the prescribed form in LIBSVM, generated data file.And the document format data in data storage device 8 also meets the requirement of LIBSVM algorithm.
Pattern match recognition unit 9, utilizes LIBSVM to realize verification process as follows: to call svmscale data are carried out to simple zoom operations; Consider to select RBF kernel function; Adopt cross validation to select optimal parameter C and s; Call svmtrain whole training set is trained, obtain supporting vector machine model; Calling svmpredict utilizes the model obtaining to predict test sample book; Whether, according to predicting the outcome, system judges, be validated user;
Described svmscale, svmtrain, svmpredict are the functions in LIBSVM software package.
In this example, control module 5 and data collector 6, actual in MSP430F2619 chip microcontroller, data processing unit 7, data storage cell 8 and pattern match recognition unit 9 are realized by Devkit8500, adopt serial communication mode between the two, data frame packet adopts point containing 500, and end delimiter, and data frame structure is as follows:
Asynchronous serial communication protocol package is containing start bit, odd even effect position, and position of rest.Start bit: the negative edge by a clock period forms, the beginning delimiter of a complete frame of expression; Data bit: this is the parameter of weighing actual data bits in communication, and we adopt 8 bit data positions as host-host protocol; Position of rest: for representing last position of single bag, typical value is 1,1.5 and 2.Asynchronous serial port sequential chart as shown in Figure 5.
As shown in Figure 4, be under mode of learning, the serial communication process flow diagram between single-chip microcomputer and development board.Described described " train_req ", " train_start ", " data_req ", " train_end ", " ack " utilizes string matching mode to judge as the order of agreement.
Its roughly process be: development board sends " train_req " study request to single-chip microcomputer; Single-chip microcomputer is responded development board " train_start "; Between single-chip microcomputer and development board, successfully connect; When after the success of single-chip microcomputer image data, send " data_req " request of data to development board; Development board sends " ack " and responds; Single-chip microcomputer sends a Frame, opening timing device to development board; The Frame receiving for success, development board sends " ack " to single-chip microcomputer and confirms; Erroneous frame will not be confirmed; If single-chip microcomputer timer time arrives, do not receive the acknowledgement frame of development board, this Frame of autonomous retransmission; When data all finish receiving, development board can send to single-chip microcomputer " train_end "; " ack " sent in single-chip microcomputer response, disconnects, and data transmission procedure finishes.
Above-mentioned each example is only for illustrating the present invention; each several part connects, realizes use hardware circuit model and all can change; on the basis of technical solution of the present invention, all according to the principle of the invention to each several part connection, improvement and equivalent variations, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the gate control system based on capacitive sensing technology, is characterized in that this gate control system specifically comprises following part:
1) supply unit: for working power being provided to this system, internal battery, for having a power failure time power supply, supply unit can be to power rectifier simultaneously, obtains working current and the voltage of steady point;
2) interactive interface: user registers for providing, login, learning functionality, and show the authentication result to user;
3) touch induction device: for typing user's touch gestures ciphertext, the gesture ciphertext that the process of typing is remembered according to oneself by user, touching touch induction device is realized;
4) frequency sweep drives: frequency sweep drives and comprises signal generating circuit and driving circuit, and wherein signal generating circuit is for generation of swept-frequency signal, and swept-frequency signal is acted on touch induction device by driving circuit;
5) control module: the control of managed control exchange, and work in order for coordinating other system member;
6) data collector: for gathering the change modeling amount on touch induction device, entered filtering, demodulation, and be finally converted to digital quantity;
7) data processing unit: for by digitalized data, the recognizer adopting according to system require form, generating structure, length established data file;
8) data storage device: for according to the control signal of control module output, data file is stored in to the address of appointment;
9) pattern match recognition unit: for to image data file identification, judge, result is sent to control module, go the certification of controlling User Interface to show result;
10) opening and closing detector: for detection of the folding condition of door, and send to control module;
11) electronic lock: under control signal excitation, electronic lock is opened, otherwise closed;
12) exchange is controlled in management: for recording visiting personnel identity, visiting time departure and managing user information.
2. according to a kind of gate control system based on capacitive sensing technology described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described supply unit, in the time connecting external power source by adapter, has charge the below limit power supply of electric situation, only power supply after being full of, when power failure, use storage battery power supply.
3. according to a kind of gate control system based on capacitive sensing technology described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described interactive interface provides following function:
Registration, for having new user's the typing of gesture ciphertext of lawful authority;
Login, typing gesture ciphertext after login, waiting system contrasts new ciphertext with the ciphertext of this user in storer after,
Follow the result providing according to pattern match recognition unit, determine whether certification is passed through;
Study, has deposited the user in system in, under authentication success state, can upgrade the content of system storage corresponding address, thus the accuracy of Modify password or raising data with existing file.
4. according to a kind of gate control system based on capacitive sensing technology described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the swept-frequency signal that described signal generating circuit produces, through described driving circuit, is applied on described touch induction device.
5. according to a kind of gate control system based on capacitive sensing technology described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described touch induction device, all install in interior outside at door, for detection of the person's of entering identity and leaver's identity, avoid disabled user to trail the situation that validated user arbitrarily enters or leaves.
6. according to a kind of gate control system based on capacitive sensing technology described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pattern match recognition unit, receive the data from data processing unit, and do and mate with the data of data storage cell, whether identify active user is the validated user of input system.
7. according to a kind of gate control system based on capacitive sensing technology described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described management control exchange, its managerial personnel must be by authentication, ability leading subscriber authority and control control module; Exchange is controlled in management, receives the data from pattern match recognition unit and the opening and closing detector that transmitted by control module, records visitor's identity information, enters the temporal information of leaving and the duration information that once opens the door; If it is oversize to detect the time of opening the door, warn to managerial personnel.
8. according to a kind of gate control system based on capacitive sensing technology described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described user profile comprises user right.
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Application publication date: 20141203 |