CN104178773A - Chromium-free environmental-friendly silicon-contained aluminum and aluminum alloy surface treating agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Chromium-free environmental-friendly silicon-contained aluminum and aluminum alloy surface treating agent and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104178773A
CN104178773A CN201410410563.8A CN201410410563A CN104178773A CN 104178773 A CN104178773 A CN 104178773A CN 201410410563 A CN201410410563 A CN 201410410563A CN 104178773 A CN104178773 A CN 104178773A
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aluminium
preparation
sodium
aluminum alloy
water
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曾庆铭
张建
韩佳佳
赵玉萍
李磊
刘华飞
刘少杰
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SHANDONG BAOLONGDA INDUSTRY GROUP Co Ltd
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SHANDONG BAOLONGDA INDUSTRY GROUP Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a chromium-free environmental-friendly silicon-contained aluminum and aluminum alloy surface treating agent and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following step: adding an organic corrosion inhibitor by taking TEOS as a silicon source and taking an aqueous solution of an inorganic salt or an organic alkoxide of cobalt, titanium or zirconium as a hydrolysis accelerant so as to prepare an organic-inorganic hybrid passivation solution. According to the method, chromium, fluorine and other toxic substances are not adopted. The method is simple in process and low in cost, and a conversion coating is excellent in corrosion resistance. Thus, the method is suitable for industrial production and can be used for replacing a chromate process. As a result, the method has a wide market application prospect.

Description

A kind of chromium-free environment-friendly type silicon is aluminium and aluminum alloy surface treatment agent and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metal surface treatment, be specifically related to a kind of chromium-free environment-friendly type aluminium and the anticorrosion conversion film of aluminum alloy surface and preparation method.
Background technology
Adopt chromic salt technology to carry out surface anticorrosion processing to aluminum and aluminum alloy mateial, sexavalent chrome causes serious environmental pollution to environment, has formed serious consequence, has endless trouble.Trend of Chrome-free treatment technology becomes current important research topic, realizes Trend of Chrome-free processing completely and will benefit throughout the ages.
Aluminum and aluminum alloy mateial has widespread use in fields such as building, chemical, aerospace, mechano-electronic, communications and transportation.Such material surface can form the oxide film that one deck is very thin in air, but this tunic is still easy to make it be subject to heavy corrosion in various corrosive mediums, seawater and atmospheric environment, cannot effectively protect aluminium and alloy product.
Easily there are spot corrosion, intergranular corrosion, stress corrosion crack and Peeling Corrosion etc. in aluminium and aluminum alloy surface, so aluminium and alloy product must carry out rotproofing to its surface before using.The various corrosion that how to take effective measures inhibition aluminium and alloy product become a great problem of current scientific research and industrial production application.Be most widely used at present and ripe be hexavalent chromate treatment technology.Because it can significantly improve the erosion resistance of matrix and cheap price is used widely.But hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+) strong carcinogenesis human body and environment are had to great harm.On February 13rd, 2003, European Union has issued " waste electronic andelectrical equipment instruction " and " about restriction in electronic electric equipment, using some objectionable impurities instruction ", and the use of chromic salt in metal treatment is prohibited the most at last.China also announces on March 6th, 2002, intends, from July, 2002, carcinogenic compound sexavalent chrome (chromic salt) is carried out to the use of limiting the quantity of, and Bing Yu European Union synchronously cancels and uses chromic salt before in July, 2006.Therefore seek a kind of cheap, environmental friendliness, Trend of Chrome-free and corrosion resisting property and be better than the material of chromic salt and focus and the difficult point that production technique becomes current research.In addition, conventional aluminum surface treatment method also has: rare earth conversion processing, phosphate conversion, anodic oxidation, ion implantation, laser treatment, collosol and gel conversion film etc.
The Trend of Chrome-free passivating solution of most study is that zirconium titanium is that conversion film and silane are conversion film (JP2004018992A, US6638369, CN200610046516.5, CN10218122A) at present.Adopting the metal inorganic salts such as zirconium, titanium is the main component of film forming liquid, under special organism and other Additives, can form thinner conversion film at aluminium and aluminum alloy surface.But aluminium and aluminum alloy surface are after zirconium titanium system processes, its corrosion resistance nature is lower than chromic salt, and a large amount of adding still of fluorion can cause very large harm to environment, and form film and do not have color to be difficult to directly judge that film forming is good and bad, to work, produce and bring inconvenience.It is main component that organosilane film adopts silane coupling agent, by adding of various additives, controls its hydrolytic polymerization, in aluminum alloy surface, forms silane conversion film.After silane surface treatment, the group of outside has stronger hydrophobicity.Higher and its surface hydrophobicity of the physical strength of silane film hinders corrosive medium and is diffused into aluminium and alloy matrix aluminum, can effectively improve its antiseptic property.But pure silane film silane film/metal interface bonding strength a little less than.Sol-gel method is generally taked in the preparation of silane film.And this method also can be prepared various ceramic coatings at aluminium and aluminum alloy surface, such as silicon-dioxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium white, cerium oxide and complex oxide film etc.Therefore the silicon that, adopts the method for collosol and gel to prepare organic inorganic hybridization is the focus (CN101717930A, CN102140667A, CN 102677039 A) that aluminium and aluminum alloy surface treatment solution have become current research.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of chromium-free environment-friendly type aluminium and the anticorrosion conversion film of aluminum alloy surface and preparation method are provided.This preparation method's technical process is simple, cost is low, treatment temp is low, the treatment time is short, has improved corrosion resistance nature and the practical life of conversion film.
summary of the invention
The present invention adopts TEOS as silicon source, usings cobalt, zirconium, Ti-inorganic salt or the organic alkoxide aqueous solution as hydrolytic accelerating agent, adds organic inhibitor, has prepared organic and inorganic passivating solution.By aluminium and aluminium alloy are carried out to dip treating, obtain the good organic-inorganic conversion film of solidity to corrosion, performance is better than chromic salt to be processed, and is produced on a large scale.
detailed Description Of The Invention
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Aluminium and aluminum alloy surface pre-treatment, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) washing
Aluminum alloy surface is cleaned to twice with deionized water spray, each 2-5min.Or aluminium alloy is soaked in deionized water to 5-20min.
(2) degreasing and alkaline etching
Aluminum alloy sample after washing is carried out to degreasing and alkaline etching.Dosing composition is: sodium hydroxide 5-30g, sodium carbonate 0.5-2g, sodium phosphate or tripoly phosphate sodium STPP 0.1-2g, water glass 0.1-2g, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium laurylsulfonate 0.1-1g, water 100mL.Aluminium alloy is soaked to 2-20min in alkaline etching dosing.Then use washed with de-ionized water 2 times.
(3) neutralization and washing
Aluminium alloy dipping after alkaline etching is flooded to 1-10min in neutralizer.Neutralizer consists of nitric acid or the aqueous sulfuric acid of 10-40wt%.Then use deionized water wash 2 times.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps (1), deionized water spray cleans 3-5min.Or in deionized water, soak 8-15min.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps (2), sodium hydroxide: sodium carbonate: (sodium phosphate or tripoly phosphate sodium STPP): water glass: (sodium laurylsulfonate or Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate): the mass ratio of water is (10-25g): (0.6-1.5g): (0.2-1.5g): (0.1-0.8g): (0.1-0.8g): 100g.In alkaline etching dosing, soak 3-18min.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps (3), neutralizer consists of nitric acid or the aqueous sulfuric acid of 15-35wt%, and soak time is 3-8min.
Silicon is a preparation for aluminium and the anticorrosion conversion film of aluminum alloy surface, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) TEOS is joined in the mixing solutions of water and methyl alcohol or ethanol.The adding proportion of TEOS, water, (methyl alcohol or ethanol) is (5-20mL): (2-10mL): (2-10mL).Magnetic agitation.
(2), by the inorganic salt of cobalt, zirconium, titanium or organic alkoxide, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium laurylsulfonate join in certain water gaging, stir.Cobalt: zirconium: the mol ratio of titanium is 1:(0-0.5): (0-0.5), cobalt: water: the mol ratio of (Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium laurylsulfonate) is 1:(100-500): (0.1-1), the mol ratio of cobalt: TEOS is 1:(10-200).
(3) mixed solution in step (1) is positioned over to 25-65 oin the water bath with thermostatic control of C, stir.Mixed solution in step (2) is dropwise joined in step (1) mixed solution.Adding speed is 0.1-1mL/s, continues reaction 0.5-5h.Obtain passivating solution.
(4) by the aluminium alloy dipping 5-60min in passivating solution after processing.With deionized water, clean, then at 25-150 odry or warm air drying in C baking oven.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps (1), the adding proportion of TEOS, water, (methyl alcohol or ethanol) is (8-18mL): (5-10mL): (3-8mL).
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps (2), cobalt: zirconium: the mol ratio of titanium is 1:(0-0.4): (0-0.4), cobalt: water: the mol ratio of (Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium laurylsulfonate) is 1:(150-450): (0.2-0.8), the mol ratio of cobalt: TEOS is 1:(20-150).
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps (3), water bath with thermostatic control 30-60 oc, adding speed is 0.2-0.8mL/s, continues reaction 1-4h.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps (4), aluminium alloy dipping is 8-50min in passivating solution, and drying temperature is 35-120 oc.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention adopts cheap TEOS as silicon source, and the silicon that cobalt, zirconium, Ti-inorganic salt or the organic alkoxide aqueous solution prepared organic inorganic hybridization as hydrolytic accelerating agent of usining is aluminium surface treatment agent.Can form stronger protective membrane at aluminium and aluminum alloy surface, effectively avoid the shortcoming of simple organic or inorganic treatment agent.
(2) preparation technology of conversion treating solution is simple, and cost is low, and treatment temp is low, and the time is short, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, and application prospect is good.
(3) prepared conversion film tool is evenly fine and close, has excellent corrosion resistance nature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the following example naked aluminium electrokinetic potential polarization curve used
Fig. 2 is the electrokinetic potential polarization curve of embodiment 1 gained conversion film
Fig. 3 is naked aluminium surface SEM figure in the following example
Fig. 4 is embodiment 1 gained aluminum alloy surface conversion film SEM figure
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but be not limited to this.
embodiment 1
(1) aluminum alloy surface pre-treatment
By 10g sodium hydroxide, 1g sodium carbonate, 0.3g sodium phosphate, 0.3g water glass and 0.1g sodium laurylsulfonate join in 100g deionized water, stir and form solution.Aluminum alloy surface, with after deionized water wash 2 times, is immersed in above-mentioned degreasing and alkaline etching liquid and soaks 8min.Then use deionized water washed twice.In the salpeter solution of 15wt%, flood 2min again.Then use deionized water washed twice.
(2) preparation of the anticorrosion conversion film of aluminum alloy surface
By 0.1g Jing Ti/Bao Pian COBALT NITRATE CRYSTALS/FLAKES, 0.05g zirconium nitrate, 0.05g titanium sulfate, 0.01g Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate joins in 10mL water and obtains mixed solution A.40 ounder C water bath with thermostatic control agitation condition, solution A is dropwise joined and contains 10mLTEOS, in the mixing solutions B of 5mL water and 5mL ethanol, continue reaction 3h and obtain passivating solution.By in step (1) through pretreated aluminium alloy dipping to 20min in passivating solution.Then take out, deionized water wash twice, 80 odry in C baking oven.
Corrosion potential in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution is-0.50V, and corrosion current is 1.0e-006A, and protection ratio is 99.0%.
Naked aluminium electrokinetic potential polarization curve used when Fig. 1 is embodiment 1, from scheming, the corrosion potential of naked aluminium in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution be-1.276V, and corrosion current is 1.004e-004A, and corrosion current is easy to more greatly be corroded by various corrosive mediums.Fig. 2 is the electrokinetic potential polarization curve of embodiment 1 gained conversion film, and as seen from the figure, the corrosion potential of conversion film in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution is-0.50V that corrosion current is 1.0e-006A.Corrosion current compared with I so that aluminium and aluminum alloy surface well protected.Fig. 3 is naked aluminium surface SEM figure in the following example, and as seen from the figure, naked aluminium surface exists more hole and crack, and surface irregularity is easy to be corroded by various corrosive mediums.Fig. 4 is embodiment 1 gained aluminum alloy surface conversion film SEM figure, and as seen from the figure, surface conversion coating is consisted of fine and close hybrid organic-inorganic film, does not have hole, and compact structure is high to aluminium and aluminum alloy surface protection ratio.
embodiment 2
As described in Example 1, difference is that in step (1), the add-on of sodium hydroxide is 20g.Corrosion potential in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution is-0.497V, and corrosion current is 1.19e-006A, and protection ratio is 98.81%.
embodiment 3
As described in Example 1, difference is not add zirconium nitrate and titanium sulfate in step (2).Corrosion potential in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution is-0.627V, and corrosion current is 5.43e-006A, and protection ratio is 94.57%.
embodiment 4
As described in Example 1, difference is to add 0.1g zirconium iso-propoxide in step (2), 0.1g tetrabutyl titanate, and regulate pH=4 with acetic acid.Corrosion potential in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution is-0.539V, and corrosion current is 9.72e-007A, and protection ratio is 99.03%.
embodiment 5
As described in Example 1, difference is after solution A being mixed with solution B in step (2), to continue to obtain passivating solution after reaction 4.5h.Corrosion potential in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution is-0.873v, and corrosion current is 1.972e-005A, and protection ratio is 80.28%.
embodiment 6
As described in Example 1, difference is that in step (2), surface washing after pretreated aluminium alloy floods 40min in passivating solution is dry.Corrosion potential in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution is-0.357V, and corrosion current is 2.87e-006A, and protection ratio is 97.13%.
embodiment 7
As described in Example 1, difference be in step (2) by passivating solution dipping after aluminium alloy 120 odry in C baking oven.Corrosion potential in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution is-0.441V, and corrosion current is 5.5e-006A, and protection ratio is 94.5%.
embodiment 8
As described in Example 1, difference is, in step (2), the aluminium alloy after dipping in passivating solution is adopted to warm air drying.Corrosion potential in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution is-0.463V, and corrosion current is 1.5e-006A, and protection ratio is 98.5%.
embodiment 9
As described in Example 1, difference is 60 in step (2) ounder C water bath with thermostatic control agitation condition, solution A is joined in solution B.Corrosion potential in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution is-0.782v, and corrosion current is 8.57e-006A, and protection ratio is 91.43%.
embodiment 10
(1) aluminum alloy surface pre-treatment
By 10g sodium hydroxide, 1g sodium carbonate, 0.3g sodium phosphate, 0.3g water glass and 0.1g sodium laurylsulfonate join in 100g deionized water, stir and form solution.Aluminum alloy surface, with after deionized water wash 2 times, is immersed in above-mentioned degreasing and alkaline etching liquid and soaks 8min.Then use deionized water washed twice.In the salpeter solution of 15wt%, flood 2min again.Then use deionized water washed twice.
(2) preparation of the anticorrosion conversion film of aluminum alloy surface
40 ounder C water bath with thermostatic control agitation condition, to containing 10mLTEOS, in the mixing solutions B of 5mL water and 5mL ethanol, add acetic acid, regulate pH=4, continue reaction 3h and obtain passivating solution.By in step (1) through pretreated aluminium alloy dipping to 20min in passivating solution.Then take out, deionized water wash twice, 80 odry in C baking oven.
Corrosion potential in 3.5wt% sodium chloride solution is-0.682V, and corrosion current is 8.83e-006A, and protection ratio is 91.17%.

Claims (12)

1. the preparation of degreasing and alkaline etching agent, comprises the following steps:
(1) aluminum alloy sample after washing is carried out to degreasing and alkaline etching, dosing composition is: sodium hydroxide 5-30g, sodium carbonate 0.5-2g, sodium phosphate or tripoly phosphate sodium STPP 0.1-2g, water glass 0.1-1g, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium laurylsulfonate 0.1-1g, water 100mL, aluminium alloy is soaked to 2-20min in alkaline etching dosing, then use washed with de-ionized water 2 times;
(2) aluminium alloy dipping after alkaline etching is flooded to 1-10min in neutralizer, neutralizer consists of nitric acid or the aqueous sulfuric acid of 10-40wt%, then uses deionized water wash 2 times.
2. the preparation method of degreasing as claimed in claim 1 and alkaline etching agent, is characterized in that sodium hydroxide described in claims (1): sodium carbonate: (sodium phosphate or tripoly phosphate sodium STPP): water glass: (sodium laurylsulfonate or Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate): the mass ratio of water is (5-30g): (0.5-2g): (0.1-2g): (0.1-1g): (0.1-1g): 100g.
3. the preparation method of degreasing as claimed in claim 1 and alkaline etching agent, is characterized in that described in claims (1) that aluminium alloy soak time in alkaline etching dosing is 2-20min.
4. the preparation method of degreasing as claimed in claim 1 and alkaline etching agent, is characterized in that nitric acid or aqueous sulfuric acid that described in claims (2), neutralizer is 10-40wt%, and dipping time is 1-10min.
5. silicon is a preparation for aluminium and aluminum alloy surface treatment agent, comprises the following steps:
(1) TEOS is joined in the mixing solutions of water and methyl alcohol or ethanol, the adding proportion of TEOS, water, methyl alcohol or ethanol is (5-20mL): (2-10mL): (2-10mL), magnetic agitation obtains solution A;
(2) inorganic salt of cobalt, zirconium, titanium or organic alkoxide are joined in certain water gaging, stir, then add a certain amount of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium laurylsulfonate to obtain mixing solutions B, cobalt: zirconium: the mol ratio of titanium is 1:(0-0.5): (0-0.5), cobalt: water: the mol ratio of (Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium laurylsulfonate) is 1:(100-500): (0.1-1), the mol ratio of cobalt: TEOS is 1:(0.01-0.1);
(3) mixed liquor A in step (1) is positioned over to 25-65 oin the water bath with thermostatic control of C, stir, the mixed liquid B in step (2) is dropwise joined in step (1) mixed solution, adding speed is 0.1-1mL/s, continues reaction 0.5-5h, obtains passivating solution;
(4) by the aluminium alloy dipping 5-60min in passivating solution after processing, with deionized water, clean, then at 25-150 odry or warm air drying in C baking oven.
6. silicon as claimed in claim 5 is the preparation method of aluminium and aluminum alloy surface treatment agent, it is characterized in that described in claims (1) TEOS in solution A: water: the adding proportion of (methyl alcohol or ethanol) is (5-20mL): (2-10mL): (2-10mL).
7. silicon as claimed in claim 5 is the preparation method of aluminium and aluminum alloy surface treatment agent, it is characterized in that described in claims (2) cobalt in solution B: zirconium: the mol ratio of titanium is 1:(0-0.5): (0-0.5), cobalt: water: the mol ratio of (Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate or sodium laurylsulfonate) is 1:(100-500): (0.1-1), the mol ratio of cobalt: TEOS is 1:(10-200).
8. silicon as claimed in claim 5 is the preparation method of aluminium and aluminum alloy surface treatment agent, it is characterized in that described in claims (2) that cobalt salt in solution B, zirconates, titanium salt are its nitrate, vitriol, chlorate or organic alkoxide.
9. silicon as claimed in claim 5 is the preparation method of aluminium and aluminum alloy surface treatment agent, it is characterized in that described in claims (3), mixed liquor A stirs in water bath with thermostatic control, and temperature is 25-65 oc.
10. silicon as claimed in claim 5 is the preparation method of aluminium and aluminum alloy surface treatment agent, what it is characterized in that mixed liquid B described in claims (3) adds mode for dropwise adding, adding speed is 0.1-1mL/s, and adding the rear continuation reaction times is 0.5-5h.
11. silicon as claimed in claim 5 are the preparation method of aluminium and aluminum alloy surface treatment agent, it is characterized in that the dipping time in passivating solution of aluminium alloy described in claims (4) is 5-60min.
12. silicon as claimed in claim 5 are the preparation method of aluminium and aluminum alloy surface treatment agent, it is characterized in that after passivation, adopting 25-150 described in claims (4) odry or warm air drying in C baking oven.
CN201410410563.8A 2014-08-20 2014-08-20 Chromium-free environmental-friendly silicon-contained aluminum and aluminum alloy surface treating agent and preparation method thereof Pending CN104178773A (en)

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CN104593793A (en) * 2015-02-12 2015-05-06 佛山市仁昌科技有限公司 Neutralization solution for surface pretreatment of aluminum and aluminum alloy
CN104630756A (en) * 2015-01-29 2015-05-20 苏州容电储能科技有限公司 Method for forming high-thermal-conducting hydrophilic nano ceramic film on surface of aluminum
CN105107698A (en) * 2015-07-29 2015-12-02 林光琴 Plastic covering process for surfaces of constructive aluminium profiles
CN105177561A (en) * 2015-08-21 2015-12-23 山东大学 Aluminum or aluminum alloy protection chromium-free passivation solution, preparation method and aluminum or aluminum alloy surface protection method thereof
CN106756968A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-05-31 山东宝龙达新材料有限公司 Protective treatment method of aluminum alloy surface is carried out with nano modification silicon systems composite passivation film
CN109440121A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-08 成都四吉达新材料科技有限公司 A kind of processing technology of aluminum veneer

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104630756A (en) * 2015-01-29 2015-05-20 苏州容电储能科技有限公司 Method for forming high-thermal-conducting hydrophilic nano ceramic film on surface of aluminum
CN104630756B (en) * 2015-01-29 2017-04-05 苏州容电储能科技有限公司 In the method that aluminium surface forms high heat conduction hydrophilic ceramic membrane
CN104593793A (en) * 2015-02-12 2015-05-06 佛山市仁昌科技有限公司 Neutralization solution for surface pretreatment of aluminum and aluminum alloy
CN105107698A (en) * 2015-07-29 2015-12-02 林光琴 Plastic covering process for surfaces of constructive aluminium profiles
CN105107698B (en) * 2015-07-29 2018-01-12 福建奋安铝业有限公司 A kind of architectural aluminum section surface plastic plating technology
CN105177561A (en) * 2015-08-21 2015-12-23 山东大学 Aluminum or aluminum alloy protection chromium-free passivation solution, preparation method and aluminum or aluminum alloy surface protection method thereof
CN106756968A (en) * 2016-12-22 2017-05-31 山东宝龙达新材料有限公司 Protective treatment method of aluminum alloy surface is carried out with nano modification silicon systems composite passivation film
CN109440121A (en) * 2018-12-25 2019-03-08 成都四吉达新材料科技有限公司 A kind of processing technology of aluminum veneer

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