CN104175859A - 用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置及其控制方法 - Google Patents

用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置及其控制方法 Download PDF

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CN104175859A
CN104175859A CN201310537457.1A CN201310537457A CN104175859A CN 104175859 A CN104175859 A CN 104175859A CN 201310537457 A CN201310537457 A CN 201310537457A CN 104175859 A CN104175859 A CN 104175859A
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dynamotor
power
vehicle
speed
driving
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金仁燮
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Hyundai Motor Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
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    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置及其控制方法。该装置包括：发动机，其被配置成向车辆供应驱动转矩；第一电动发电机，其直接连接于发动机，并且被配置成产生电力并向变速器供应驱动转矩；离合器，布置在第一电动发动机和变速器之间，并且被配置成选择性地在第一电动发电机与所述变速器之间传送旋转动力；第二电动发动机，其电连接于第一电动发动机，并且被配置成产生电力，并连续地向变速器供应驱动转矩；以及电池，被配置成向第一、第二电动发电机供应电力，并且利用第一、第二电动发电机进行充电。

Description

用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置及其控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置，其中行星齿轮、离合器和制动器结合在一起，本发明更具体涉及这样一种用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置及其控制方法，在该装置中，可以利用一个电动汽车模式和两个混合动力电动车模式在特定行驶区域内进行有效行驶。
背景技术
一般而言，用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置通过离合器与制动器的组合，而可以实现电动汽车（EV）模式，串联（发动机充电和电动机驱动）模式，以及动力分离模式。在电池充分充电时，车辆可以在电量消耗范围内仅以EV模式行驶。
然而，当电池达到下限时，车辆以串联模式（series mode）和动力分离模式行驶，同时在电量持续范围内保持电池荷电状态（SOC）。
如图1所示，用于驱动插电式混合动力车的常规装置使用两个离合器，并且由两个电动机驱动。具体地，在设定EV模式中的EV1模式时，制动器BK***作。在设定EV模式的EV2模式时，第二离合器CL2***作。因此，车辆仅利用电力来行驶。同时，在设定混合动力电动车（HEV）模式的串联模式时，制动器BK和第一离合器CL1***作。在设定HEV模式的动力分离模式时，第一离合器CL1和第二离合器CL2***作。因此，车辆通过分离发动机和第一、第二电动发电机MG1和MG2的动力而行驶。
在此，EV2模式用于高速低负载区域，且几乎不使用在特定行驶区域。因此，北美城市测功机驾驶时间表（UDDS）行驶模式证明EV2模式只占用7%的燃料效率。也就是说，即使在EV2模式被EV1模式代替时，也能获得相同的燃料效率水平。因此，不必增加构成两个离合器的部件的数量。
相关现有技术文件
（专利文件1）美国专利申请公布号：2008/0243322。
发明内容
本发明的一个实施例提供一种用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置，其能够简化结构并保持燃料效率。
通过后面的描述将理解本发明的示例性实施例。并且，很明显地，本领域技术人员可以通过由此声称和组合的方法，意识到本发明的目的和优点。
根据本发明的一个实施例，用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置包括发动机，其被配置成向车辆供应驱动转矩。第一电动发电机，直接连接于发动机，并且产生电力并向变速器供应驱动转矩。离合器布置在第一电动发动机和变速器之间，并且选择性地在第一电动发电机与变速器之间传送旋转动力。第二电动发动机电连接于第一电动发动机，并且产生电力，并连续地向变速器供应驱动转矩。电池向第一、第二电动发电机供应电力，并且利用第一、第二电动发电机进行充电。
在此，变速器可被配置在单个小行星齿轮组中，该单个小行星齿轮组具有中心齿轮、环形齿轮、以及行星齿轮架。
环形齿轮可以通过制动器选择性地连接于变速箱，并且是转动的或固定的。
中心齿轮可以随着第二电动发电机而转动。
此外，行星齿轮架可以直接连接于车辆的输出轴。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，提供一种用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置的控制方法。该装置包括：行星齿轮组，该行星齿轮组具有中心齿轮、环形齿轮、以及行星齿轮架；第一电动发电机，提供车辆的发动机的旋转动力；第二电动发电机，电连接于第一电动发电机；电池，被配置成向第一、第二电动发电机供应电力；以及离合器，位于第一电动发电机和环形齿轮之间。当车辆的驾驶条件被设定为电动车（EV）模式时，紧固制动器以使环形齿轮转动或固定，并释放离合器。
在此，当车辆的驾驶条件低于设定的车速，且被设置成低速混合动力电动车（HEV）模式时，离合器可以保持释放状态，且制动器可以被紧固，从而可以利用发动机动力从第一电动发电机产生电力并驱动第二电动发电机。
此外，当车辆的驾驶条件高于设定的车速，且被设置成高速混合动力电动车（HEV）模式时，离合器可以被紧固，且制动器可以被释放，从而发动机和第二电动发电机的输出，可以经由行星齿轮架，同时被供给车辆的输出轴。
附图说明
图1示意地示出用于驱动插电式混合动力车的传统装置的结构；
图2示出应用于图1的摩擦元件的操作表；
图3示意地示出根据本发明一个实施例的用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置的结构；
图4示出应用于图3的摩擦元件的操作表；
图5示出根据本发明一个实施例的插电式混合动力车的控制方法的电动车模式的动力传输流；
图6示出根据本发明一个实施例的插电式混合动力车的控制方法的低速混合动力电动车模式的动力传输流；
图7示出根据本发明一个实施例的插电式混合动力车的控制方法的高速混合动力电动车模式的动力传输流。
具体实施方式
下面将参考附图更加具体地描述本发明的示例性实施例。然而，本发明还可以以不同的形式实施，本发明的保护范围不应被解释为局限于在此提出的实施例。
图3示意性地示出根据本发明一个实施例的用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置的结构。如图3所示，根据本发明实施例的用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置包括：发动机100、第一电动发电机201、第二电动发电机202、电池300、变速器400、输出轴500、以及摩擦元件CL2和BK。车辆的驱动转矩由发动机100产生。发动机100的曲柄轴（未示出）直接连接于第一电动发电机201。
此外，第一电动发电机201连接于第二电动发电机202，以便向电池300提供电力。在此，充电器301连接于电池300以便能够充电。
变速器400可以包括单个小行星齿轮组410，其具有中心齿轮S、行星齿轮架C、以及环形齿轮R。中心齿轮S直接连接于第二电动发电机202，且行星齿轮架C直接连接于输出轴500。环形齿轮R通过制动器BK选择性地连接于变速箱420，因此是转动的或固定的。
离合器CL2置于第一电动发电机201和变速器400的环形齿轮R之间，以便选择性地连接第一电动发电机201与环形齿轮R。
下面将详细地描述如上所述根据本发明实施例的用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置及其控制方法。
图4示出应用于图3的摩擦元件的操作表。图5示出根据本发明一个实施例的用于控制插电式混合动力车的方法的电动车模式的动力传输流。图6示出根据本发明一个实施例的用于控制插电式混合动力车的方法的低速混合动力电动车模式的动力传输流。图7示出根据本发明一个实施例的用于控制插电式混合动力车的方法的高速混合动力电动车模式的动力传输流。
参考图4，当车辆的驾驶条件被设定为电动车（EV）模式时，制动器BK***作，因此，环形齿轮R是固定的，且离合器CL2被释放。也就是，如图5所示，变速器400的环形齿轮R是由制动器BK固定的。因此，输出通过行星齿轮架C减小的速率。在此，电池300的电力只提供给第二电动发电机。因此，第二电动发电机202被驱动，使得车辆仅仅利用电池300充电的电力而行进。
此外，如图4所示，当车辆的驾驶条件小于设定的车速，且被设定为低速混合动力电动车（HEV）模式时，离合器CL2保持释放状态，且制动器BK***作。因此，如图6所示，直接连接于发动机100的第一电动发电机201产生电力，同时，第二电动发电机202被独立驱动。因此，第一电动发电机201电力的产生与第二电动发电机202的驱动同时进行。在此，设定的车速可以被设定为，例如100km/h左右。
当车辆的驾驶条件高于设定的车速，且被设定为高速HEV模式，则制动器BK被释放，与此同时，离合器CL2被接合。因此，如图7所示，直接连接于发动机100的第一电动发电机201经由离合器CL2直接连接于变速器400的环形齿轮R。因此，发动机100的输出经由行星齿轮架C传送到输出轴500。直接连接于中心齿轮S的第二电动发电机202的驱动力，经由行星齿轮架C被传送到输出轴500。
如上所述，根据本发明的用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置，与现有技术相比，去除了一个离合器。这样减少了在离合器松开条件下产生的体积、成本、以及阻力。
根据本发明的示例性实施例，与现有技术相比，去除了一个离合器，从而使结构得以简化。
此外，发动机与第一电动发电机之间的离合器被去除了，因此，传动系体积和总长度都减小了。这样有助于包装。
尽管已经参考具体实施例对本发明进行了说明，然而，显然地，对于本领域技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明的精神以及由权利要求所限定的保护范围的情况下，还可以进行各种修改和变型。

Claims (8)

1.一种用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置，包括：
发动机，其被配置成向所述车辆供应驱动转矩；
第一电动发电机，其直接连接于所述发动机，并且被配置成产生电力并向变速器供应所述驱动转矩；
离合器，布置在所述第一电动发动机和所述变速器之间，并且被配置成选择性地在所述第一电动发电机与所述变速器之间传送旋转动力；
第二电动发动机，其电连接于所述第一电动发动机，并且被配置成产生电力，并连续地向所述变速器供应所述驱动转矩；以及
电池，被配置成向所述第一、第二电动发电机供应电力，并且利用所述第一、第二电动发电机进行充电。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置，其中所述变速器被配置在单个小行星齿轮组中，所述单个小行星齿轮组具有中心齿轮、环形齿轮、以及行星齿轮架。
3.如权利要求2所述的装置，其中所述环形齿轮通过制动器选择性地连接于变速箱，并且是转动的或固定的。
4.如权利要求3所述的装置，其中所述中心齿轮随着所述第二电动发电机而转动。
5.如权利要求4所述的装置，其中所述行星齿轮架直接连接于所述车辆的输出轴。
6.一种用于驱动插电式混合动力车的装置的控制方法，其中所述装置包括：行星齿轮组，所述行星齿轮组具有中心齿轮、环形齿轮、以及行星齿轮架；第一电动发电机，提供所述车辆的发动机的旋转动力；第二电动发电机，电连接于所述第一电动发电机；电池，被配置成向所述第一、第二电动发电机供应电力；以及离合器，位于所述第一电动发电机和所述环形齿轮之间，其中
当所述车辆的驾驶条件被设定为电动车（EV）模式时，操作制动器以使所述环形齿轮转动或固定，并释放所述离合器。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法，其中当所述车辆的驾驶条件低于设定的车速，且被设置成低速混合动力电动车（HEV）模式时，所述离合器保持释放状态，且所述制动器被紧固，从而利用所述发动机动力从所述第一电动发电机产生电力并驱动所述第二电动发电机。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法，其中当所述车辆的驾驶条件高于设定的车速，且被设置成高速混合动力电动车（HEV）模式时，所述离合器被紧固，且所述制动器被释放，从而所述发动机和所述第二电动发电机的输出，经由所述行星齿轮架，同时被供给所述车辆的输出轴。
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