CN104171688B - A kind of cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality - Google Patents

A kind of cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104171688B
CN104171688B CN201410380422.6A CN201410380422A CN104171688B CN 104171688 B CN104171688 B CN 104171688B CN 201410380422 A CN201410380422 A CN 201410380422A CN 104171688 B CN104171688 B CN 104171688B
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China
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ctenopharyngodon idellus
cultural method
quality
method improving
radix
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201410380422.6A
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CN104171688A (en
Inventor
马大忠
王广军
郁二蒙
王斌
苏焱阵
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Ningxia Yi TOYOTA Agriculture Co., Ltd.
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Guangdong Xinwei Aquatic Science And Technology Co Ltd
Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute CAFS
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality, belong to technical field of aquaculture, this method is under the premise of the culture efficiencies such as the trophophase not changing Ctenopharyngodon idellus, grass is utilized to mix, with mixed feed, the mode of throwing something and feeding, significantly improve the quality of Ctenopharyngodon idellus, technology is simple, cost of investment is low, risk is little, strong operability, it is easy to grasp application, it is easy to penetration and promotion.

Description

A kind of cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a kind of Fish, be specifically related to a kind of cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality, belong to aquaculture field.
[background technology]
Ctenopharyngodon idellus is popular freshwater fish products, is the cheap animal protein sources of high-quality important in our people's day meals, and the annual yield in the whole nation, at more than 400 ten thousand tons, is one of important cultured freshwater fish of China. As the main herbivorous fishes kind that China raises, the feeding habits of Ctenopharyngodon idellus begin to when the long 2.6cm of body convert to phytophage, and pasture and water, herbage are the natural foods of Ctenopharyngodon idellus eating, are also the main bait sources of conventional husbandry Ctenopharyngodon idellus.
In recent years, along with the development of feed industry, mixed feed plays in the cultivation of Ctenopharyngodon idellus that protein content height, fast growth, saving be artificial, the effect of high financial profit. But, throw something and feed in a large number high protein, high-energy bait, makes Ctenopharyngodon idellus change feeding habits passively, and cannot adapt to the change of feeding habits when internal function is another, ingest for a long time and exceed the bait of its nutritional need, nutrition can not convert completely, and body fat accumulation too much, causes that the symptom that Nutrition and Metabolism is bad occurs in Ctenopharyngodon idellus, the immunity and the premunition that cause Ctenopharyngodon idellus decline, and there is also the problems such as such as flesh quality decline, taste bad.
For the problem that Ctenopharyngodon idellus sickness rate is high, the various feed additive containing chemicalses such as antibiotic of throwing something and feeding of most common way, not only water quality there is impact, and can at Ctenopharyngodon idellus cylinder accumulation antibiotics, and causing drug-fast generation, these antibiotic can enter human body along with people eat various fish product, and this just result in antibiotic abuse indirectly, likely causing multiple drug-induced disease, feed additive also can reduce the quality of Ctenopharyngodon idellus simultaneously. Due to growth in the living standard, the problems demand such as the quality of cultured fishes is had higher requirement by people, and Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality is low, mouthfeel is poor solve.
[summary of the invention]
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality. Under the premise of the culture efficiency such as trophophase not changing Ctenopharyngodon idellus, utilizing grass to mix the mode of throwing something and feeding with mixed feed, significantly improve the quality of Ctenopharyngodon idellus, technology is simple, cost of investment is low, risk is little, strong operability, it is easy to grasp application, it is easy to penetration and promotion.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality, it is characterised in that in breeding process, adopts mixed feed collocation grass to carry out mixing and throws something and feeds.
Described mixed feed and grass ratio are 1:1-1:2 (dry ratio).
Preferably, 1-2 month before Ctenopharyngodon idellus lists, mixed feed is mixed the self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations raising the 0.5-2% that throws something and feeds, described self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations includes garlicin, Radix Isatidis, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Flos Lonicerae, Cortex Eucommiae fleece-flower root dissipate.
In described self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, each constituent content is respectively as follows: garlicin 25-45%, Radix Isatidis 5-20%, Radix Astragali 5-20%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5-15%, Flos Lonicerae 5-15%, Cortex Eucommiae 5-15%, Shouwu San 5-15%.
Preferably, in described self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, each constituent content is respectively as follows: garlicin 30%, Radix Isatidis 15%, the Radix Astragali 15%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 10%, Flos Lonicerae 10%, the Cortex Eucommiae 10%, Shouwu San 10%.
Preferably, described grass is preferably Pennisetum hydridum or grassiness.
Preferably, in breeding process, controlling the pH value of water quality at 7-8.5, transparency 30-40cm, dissolubility is maintained at more than 5mg/L.
In breeding process, every nursing 4 days continuously, stop eating 2-3 days.
The present invention improves the cultural method of Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality and has following features and beneficial effect:
(1) growth characteristic according to Ctenopharyngodon idellus, in conjunction with prior art, the present invention utilizes grass collocation mixed feed feeding Ctenopharyngodon idellus, mixed feed can promote the speed of growth of Ctenopharyngodon idellus, meeting its demand to protein, feeding grass meets the habit of Ctenopharyngodon idellus, and contains the multivitamin required for Ctenopharyngodon idellus healthy growth in grass, under the premise not changing the Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus phase, the profile of Ctenopharyngodon idellus and interior quality all obtain and significantly improve.
(2) garlicin is a kind of natural antibiotic substance, can effectively suppress the growth of pathogenic bacterium in Ctenopharyngodon idellus body, the rotten cheek that Ctenopharyngodon idellus is caused because of various infection, red skin, enteritis, the bacterial disease such as hemorrhage and complication thereof have significant curative effect, there are the effect similar with antibiotic and an effect, but the medicine of antibiotic-free is residual waits side effect. Additionally, garlicin by Ctenopharyngodon idellus take in internal after, can effectively adjust and stimulate the amino acid whose formation producing fragrance in fish body, making Ctenopharyngodon idellus meat after the cooking more delicious, local flavor is unique. Described self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is a kind of complex Chinese herbal medicine, wherein each component combined effect, rate of body weight gain can be improved, strengthen the digestibility of protein, dry, fat, improve necessary amino acid whose content in crude protein, promote the effect of grasscarp liver and muscle transaminase, alkaline phosphatase activities, and then improve generation and the quality of Ctenopharyngodon idellus, also there is certain disease-resistant bactericidal action simultaneously, can greatly reduce and antibiotic make consumption.
(3) grass described in, except floods and droughts grass class, also includes various discarded leaf of vegetable, the dark green plant of the rich cellulose such as the tendril leaf of potato class; source is widely; and low price, bioavailability are high, the Excreta such as nitrogen, phosphorus is low, is conducive to environmental conservation. Described self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations is conventional Chinese herbal medicine, it is easy to obtain.
It addition, building the water body environment being suitable for Growth of Grass Carps Ctenopharyngodon Idellus is also one of essential condition producing high-quality Ctenopharyngodon idellus. And suitably stop eating and can increase the quantity of motion in food process of seeking of Fish, quantity of motion increase can make internal fat be consumed, and muscle cell diminishes simultaneously, and the protein density of meat fiber increases, so that the meat of Ctenopharyngodon idellus is tight, taste can improve.
[detailed description of the invention]
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but the comprised scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Nanhai District Foshan City plant selects Ctenopharyngodon idellus 1000 tail of more than 0.5 kilogram of healthy, neat specification, and stochastic averagina is divided into 2 groups, and immigration cultivates in pond.Group 1 traditionally cultivates, mixed feed of all throwing something and feeding; Group 2 throws something and feeds Pennisetum hydridum and mixed feed mixing is thrown something and fed, and ratio is 1:1 (dry ratio), every feeds 4 days continuously, stops eating 3 days. Ctenopharyngodon idellus list before 45 days, mix in mixed feed raise throw something and feed 1% self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, its component is as follows: garlicin 30%, Radix Isatidis 15%, the Radix Astragali 15%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 10%, Flos Lonicerae 10%, the Cortex Eucommiae 10%, Shouwu San 10%. In breeding process, controlling the water pH value in pond at 7-8.5, transparency 30-40cm, dissolubility is maintained at more than 5mg/L. When gathering in the crops to the end of the year, comparing with group 1, no matter the Ctenopharyngodon idellus of group 2 is in body colour or all has improvement in various degree in nutritive composition in muscle, and price also exceeds 20-30% than like product, and its outward appearance and interior quality evaluation are as follows:
1, outward appearance:
Two groups of test fishes, from observing in appearance, organize 1 build fertilizer short, and body colour is substantially partially white, and fish scale pigment accumulation is few; Organizing 2 builds relatively tall and thin, body colour is relatively deep, and fish scale pigment accumulation is many, and fish body surface is shallow blackish green gloss, concrete biological indicator such as table 1.
The contrast of table 1 different disposal Ctenopharyngodon idellus biological property
Project Group 1 Group 2
Coefficient of condition 2.12��0.O6a 1.82��0.O4b
Internal organs ratio (%) 11.75��0.28a 8.46��0.68b
Intestinal system fat accounts for fish body ratio (%) 4.46��0.17a 1.42��0.3lb
Body ratio (%) 88.25��0.28a 91.54��0.68b
Longer than intestinal 2.43��0.14a 2.66��0.O4b
Note: on the right side of same line number value, different the English alphabets are shown with significant difference (P < 0.05).
2, interior quality
The Principle components analysis contrast testing the fish flesh of fish at two kinds is as shown in table 2, result shows that in the Ctenopharyngodon idellus muscle of group 1, crude fat content is 10.20% (account for dry sample percentage ratio, lower same), the Ctenopharyngodon idellus muscle crude fat content of group 2 is 2.15%, the former is 4.74 times (P < 0.01) of the latter, and the two protein content difference is little.
It addition, Ca in the flesh of fish of group 22+Content 739.73mg kg-1, than the 431.45mg kg of group 1-1Add 71.45% (P < 0.01); In the flesh of fish of group 2, P content is 2652.97mg kg-1, than the 2056.45mg kg of group 1-1Add 29.01% (P < 0.01), the greasy degree that the grass that illustrates to throw something and feed decreases in Ctenopharyngodon idellus muscle, also add the mineral content of the flesh of fish, improve the quality of cultivation Ctenopharyngodon idellus.
The contrast (accounting for dry sample) of table 2 different disposal grass carp meat main nutrient composition
Note: on the right side of same number of cases value, different the English alphabets are shown with significant difference (P < 0.01).
Embodiment 2
Selecting the Ctenopharyngodon idellus of more than 0.5 kilogram of healthy, neat specification, immigration cultivates in pond. In breeding process, controlling the water pH value in pond at 7-8.5, transparency 30-40cm, dissolubility is maintained at more than 5mg/L, throws something and feeds Pennisetum hydridum and mixed feed mixing is thrown something and fed, and ratio is 1:1.5 (dry ratio). Ctenopharyngodon idellus list before 1 month, mix in mixed feed raise throw something and feed 1% self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, its component is as follows: garlicin 25%, Radix Isatidis 20%, the Radix Astragali 5%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 15%, Flos Lonicerae 15%, the Cortex Eucommiae 15%, Shouwu San 5%.
Embodiment 3
Selecting the Ctenopharyngodon idellus of more than 0.5 kilogram of healthy, neat specification, immigration cultivates in pond. In breeding process, control the water pH value in pond at 7-8.5, transparency 30-40cm, dissolubility is maintained at more than 5mg/L, throw something and feed Pennisetum hydridum and mixed feed mixing throw something and feed, ratio is 1:2 (dry ratio), every nursing 4 days continuously, stop eating 2 days. Ctenopharyngodon idellus list before 2 months, mix in mixed feed raise throw something and feed 1% self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, its component is as follows: garlicin 45%, Radix Isatidis 5%, the Radix Astragali 20%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5%, Flos Lonicerae 5%, the Cortex Eucommiae 5%, Shouwu San 15%.

Claims (6)

1. the cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality, it is characterized in that: in breeding process, adopt mixed feed collocation grass to carry out mixing to throw something and feed, before Ctenopharyngodon idellus lists 1-2 month, mixed feed is mixed the self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations raising the 0.5-2% that throws something and feeds, described self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations include garlicin, Radix Isatidis, the Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Flos Lonicerae, Cortex Eucommiae fleece-flower root dissipate, in breeding process, every nursing 4 days continuously, stop eating 2-3 days.
2. the cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described mixed feed and grass ratio are 1:1-1:2.
3. the cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in described self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, each constituent content is respectively as follows: garlicin 25-45%, Radix Isatidis 5-20%, Radix Astragali 5-20%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 5-15%, Flos Lonicerae 5-15%, Cortex Eucommiae 5-15%, Shouwu San 5-15%.
4. the cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in described self-control Chinese herbal and crude drugs preparations, each constituent content is respectively as follows: garlicin 30%, Radix Isatidis 15%, the Radix Astragali 15%, Radix Glycyrrhizae 10%, Flos Lonicerae 10%, the Cortex Eucommiae 10%, Shouwu San 10%.
5. the cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: described grass is Pennisetum hydridum or grassiness.
6. the cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: in breeding process, controlling the pH value of water quality at 7-8.5, transparency 30-40cm, dissolubility is maintained at more than 5mg/L.
CN201410380422.6A 2014-08-04 2014-08-04 A kind of cultural method improving Ctenopharyngodon idellus quality Expired - Fee Related CN104171688B (en)

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CN106577386A (en) * 2016-12-09 2017-04-26 姚旭 Culture method for ctenopharyngodon idellus
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CN103907554A (en) * 2014-03-20 2014-07-09 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 Crisping cultivation method of grass carps

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CN103858796A (en) * 2013-12-22 2014-06-18 罗生芳 Ecological breeding method for grass carps
CN103734532A (en) * 2013-12-30 2014-04-23 何贻峰 Feed for grass carps in breeding season
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