The double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor of three-phase
Technical field
The present invention relates to the synchronous machine field of permanent magnet, be specially the double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor of a kind of three-phase.
Background technology
Magneto belongs to three-phase synchronous motor class, its rotor field be can't help the winding of direct current excitation and is set up, and directly by high energy product permanent magnetic material, provided, have simple in structure, volume is little, lightweight, loss is little, efficiency is high, power factor advantages of higher, be mainly used in requiring response fast, in the high-performance servomechanism of speed-regulating range width, accurate positioning.The follow conventional lines method for designing of three-phase synchronous motor of Design of PM Motor, adopts every extremely every phase groove to count the multiple-grooved distributed winding design that q is integer, the additional eddy current loss and the magnetic hysteresis loss that with the harmonic field reducing in armature reacting field, in rotor pole surface, produce.For example: 6 utmost point motor stator slot numbers are elected 18 grooves or 36 grooves or 27 grooves (distributed winding of q=3/2) as, corresponding winding configuration is three-phase distributed winding.Motor for q=2, the span of distributed winding is 1~6.More than 50% being formed by winding overhang line of stator winding resistance, and the I of stator winding
2r heating loss accounts for motor total losses
electric machine temperature rise is played to conclusive impact.The rated output power of motor determines by electric machine temperature rise limit value, and motor internal loss value has determined electric machine temperature rise, has also just limited the rated output power of motor.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of prior art, provide a kind of rated output power high, Automation of Manufacturing Process degree is high, and the motor that production efficiency is high the invention discloses the double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor of a kind of three-phase.
The present invention reaches goal of the invention by following technical solution:
The double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor of three-phase, comprises motor shaft, radiation ring, electric machine stator iron and armature winding as rotor yoke, it is characterized in that:
Radiation ring is put together successively by piece radiation magnetic shoe, 2 blocks of adjacent radiation magnetic shoes are different at the magnetic pole of same one end, the central angle in every its cross section of radiation magnetic shoe is all 36 °, radiation ring is circular ring type, radiation hoop is outside motor shaft, electric machine stator iron is enclosed within outside radiation ring, between electric machine stator iron and radiation ring, leave gap, motor shaft, radiation ring and this three's of electric machine stator iron central axes, on the madial wall of electric machine stator iron, have the slot for winding parallel with electric machine stator iron central axis, the quantity of slot for winding is 12, slot for winding is evenly distributed along the circumferencial direction of electric machine stator iron inner hole section, 12 slot for windings are divided into 12 sections the cross section of electric machine stator iron endoporus, wire is by forming 12 armature windings all over the ground in slot for winding, each armature winding has 2 terminals, armature winding around to all identical in each slot for winding, an optional armature winding is made as No. 1, by given numbering direction, each armature winding is made as No. 1~No. 12 successively, numbering direction is clockwise direction or counter clockwise direction, an armature winding in each slot for winding has electric current to flow into end a end and outflow of bus current b end, the mode of connection of each armature winding is:
The a end of No. 1 armature winding and the b end of No. 8 armature windings are connected successively; This group connects the 1st end as U phase; The b end of No. 3 armature windings and the b end of No. 9 armature windings are connected successively; This group connects the 2nd end as U phase;
The b end of No. 4 armature windings and a end of No. 9 armature windings are connected successively; This group connects the 1st end as V phase; The b end of No. 5 armature windings and a end of No. 10 armature windings are connected successively; This group connects the 2nd end as V phase;
The a end of No. 5 armature windings and the b end of No. 12 armature windings are connected successively; This group connects the 1st end as W phase; The b end of No. 7 armature windings and the b end of No. 1 armature winding are connected successively; This group connects the 2nd end as W phase;
The a end of the b end of No. 9 armature windings, No. 10 armature windings and the b end of No. 1 armature winding are connected successively as asterism;
Between adjacent armature winding, be lined with edge layer;
Motor shaft, radiation ring, electric machine stator iron and armature winding are all located in casing, and an end cap is respectively established at the two ends of casing, and the center of two end caps is located at the two ends of motor shaft by bearing, between end cap and casing, and all sealed between motor shaft and two end caps.
The double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor of described three-phase, is characterized in that: radiation magnetic shoe radiation ring adopts the Fe-Nd-B permanent magnetic material agglomeration with high energy product to form, and radiation magnetic shoe adopts the bonding radiation ring that is solidified into of bonding agent.
The double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor of described three-phase, it is characterized in that: also comprise transducer, transducer is selected any one in incremental encoder, absolute value type encoder and resolver, transducer is located in casing, the rotating shaft of transducer is fixedly connected with the mode of motor shaft with central axes, and the outside of transducer covers with outer cover plate.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows:
The double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor armature reaction waveform of three-phase contains abundant harmonic magnetic potential.These harmonic magnetic potentials except even number time, three times and three integral multiple does not exist for several times, all the other harmonic waves as: 5, the harmonic wave of the number of times such as 7,11,13,17,19,23,25,29,31,35,37 is all present in the air gap of motor.
If: armature reaction magnetic potential
And available Fourier series is expressed as:
the corresponding magnetic potential component amplitude of above each harmonic can be represented by the formula:
So can draw:
Fundamental magnetic potential amplitude after three-phase is synthetic represents with following formula:
in formula, the implication of each parameter is as follows:
M---number of motor phases,
W---every windings in series number of turn,
---fundamental wave winding coefficient,
I---the phase current (A. of unit, effective value) when star connects,
P---magnetic pole logarithm,
Hundreds of times of harmful harmonic field intensity of common three-phase synchronous motor are to magneto, so can adopt multipole few groove to concentrate the design of winding on magneto.
In the present invention, winding basic parameter is: z=12, and 2p=10, m=3:
Groove electrical degree α=150 °, this groove electrical degree has extremely strong weakening ability for 5,7 subharmonic, because the numerical value of the winding coefficient of 5,7 times is very little, as follows:
To 5 subharmonic, during v=5,
To 7 subharmonic, during v=7,
The present invention is by pulse duration harmonic (be Pulse Width Modulation, be called for short PWM) driver power supply, and motor stator must have good earthing screw, to improve the grade of motor safety operation.
Stator in the present invention adopts advanced Shooting Technique, and environmental protection and energy-conservation grade get a promotion, and special-purpose injected plastics material has good mechanical strength and heat conductivility.
Armature winding in the present invention adopts high efficiency automatic winding machine operation, has improved labor productivity, has reduced manufactured materials cost.
In the present invention, between casing and end cap, be provided with O-ring seals and skeleton radial direction seal ring, degree of protection is IP65, IP67 or IP68, has met the instructions for use that has cooling fluid to spray the Digit Control Machine Tool under environment, has expanded range of application.
The present invention also can install various feedback element according to different demands.As: incremental encoder, absolute value type encoder, resolver etc.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: rated output power is high, Automation of Manufacturing Process degree is high, and production efficiency is high, applied widely.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic cross-section of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the half sectional view of main apparent direction of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is left view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that the wiring of armature winding in the present invention launches schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the half sectional view with the main apparent direction of the present invention of transducer.
Embodiment
By specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention below.
Embodiment 1
The double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor of three-phase, comprises motor shaft 1, radiation ring 2, electric machine stator iron 3 and armature winding 4 as rotor yoke, and as shown in Figure 1 to 4, concrete structure is:
Radiation ring 2 is put together successively by 10 blocks of radiation magnetic shoes 21, 2 blocks of adjacent radiation magnetic shoes 21 are different at the magnetic pole of same one end, the central angle in every radiation magnetic shoe 21 its cross sections is all 36 °, radiation ring 2 is circular ring type, radiation ring 2 hoops are outside motor shaft 1, electric machine stator iron 3 is enclosed within outside radiation ring 2, between electric machine stator iron 3 and radiation ring 2, leave gap, motor shaft 1, radiation ring 2 and electric machine stator iron 3 these threes' central axes, on the madial wall of electric machine stator iron 3, have the slot for winding 31 parallel with electric machine stator iron 3 central axis, the quantity of slot for winding 31 is 12, slot for winding 31 is evenly distributed along the circumferencial direction of electric machine stator iron 3 inner hole sections, 12 slot for windings 31 are divided into 12 sections the cross section of electric machine stator iron 3 endoporus, wire is by all over the ground around 12 armature windings 4 of the interior formation of slot for winding 31, each armature winding 4 has 2 terminals, the interior armature winding 4 of each slot for winding 31 around to all identical, an optional armature winding 4 is made as No. 1, by given numbering direction, each armature winding 4 is made as No. 1~No. 12 successively, numbering direction is clockwise direction or counter clockwise direction, an armature winding 4 in each slot for winding 31 has electric current to flow into end a end and outflow of bus current b end, the mode of connection of each armature winding 4 as shown in Figure 4, described in specific as follows:
The a end of No. 1 armature winding 4 and the b end of No. 8 armature windings 4 are connected successively; This group connects the 1st end as U phase; The b end of No. 3 armature windings 4 and the b end of No. 9 armature windings 4 are connected successively; This group connects the 2nd end as U phase;
The b end of No. 4 armature windings 4 and a end of No. 9 armature windings 4 are connected successively; This group connects the 1st end as V phase; The b end of No. 5 armature windings 4 and a end of No. 10 armature windings 4 are connected successively; This group connects the 2nd end as V phase;
The a end of No. 5 armature windings 4 and the b end of No. 12 armature windings 4 are connected successively; This group connects the 1st end as W phase; The b end of No. 7 armature windings 4 and the b end of No. 1 armature winding 4 are connected successively; This group connects the 2nd end as W phase;
The a end of the b end of No. 9 armature windings 4, No. 10 armature windings 4 and the b end of No. 1 armature winding 4 are connected successively as asterism;
Between adjacent armature winding 4, be lined with edge layer;
Motor shaft 1, radiation ring 2, electric machine stator iron 3 and armature winding 4 are all located in casing, and an end cap is respectively established at the two ends of casing, and the center of two end caps is located at the two ends of motor shaft 1 by bearing, between end cap and casing, and all sealed between motor shaft 1 and two end caps.
In the present embodiment, radiation magnetic shoe 21 radiation rings 2 adopt the Fe-Nd-B permanent magnetic material agglomeration with high energy product to form, and radiation magnetic shoe 21 adopts the bonding radiation ring 2 that is solidified into of bonding agent.
The operation principle of the present embodiment is as follows:
The double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor armature reaction waveform of three-phase contains abundant harmonic magnetic potential.These harmonic magnetic potentials except even number time, three times and three integral multiple does not exist for several times, all the other harmonic waves as: 5, the harmonic wave of the number of times such as 7,11,13,17,19,23,25,29,31,35,37 is all present in the air gap of motor.
If: armature reaction magnetic potential
And available Fourier series is expressed as:
the corresponding magnetic potential component amplitude of above each harmonic can be represented by the formula:
So can draw:
Fundamental magnetic potential amplitude after three-phase is synthetic represents with following formula:
in formula, the implication of each parameter is as follows:
M---number of motor phases,
W---every windings in series number of turn,
---fundamental wave winding coefficient,
I---the phase current (A, effective value) when star connects
P---magnetic pole logarithm,
Hundreds of times of harmful harmonic field intensity of common three-phase synchronous motor are to magneto, so can adopt multipole few groove to concentrate the design of winding on magneto.
In the present embodiment, winding basic parameter is: z=12, and 2p=10, m=3:
Groove electrical degree α=150 °, this groove electrical degree has extremely strong weakening ability for 5,7 subharmonic, because the numerical value of the winding coefficient of 5,7 times is very little, as follows:
To 5 subharmonic, during v=5,
To 7 subharmonic, during v=7,
The present embodiment is by pulse width modulation (be Pulse Width Modulation, be called for short PWM) ripple driver power supply, and motor stator must have good earthing screw, to improve the grade of motor safety operation.
Stator in the present embodiment adopts advanced Shooting Technique, and environmental protection and energy-conservation grade get a promotion, and special-purpose injected plastics material has good mechanical strength and heat conductivility.
Armature winding 4 in the present embodiment adopts high efficiency automatic winding machine operation, has improved labor productivity, has reduced manufactured materials cost.
In the present embodiment, between casing and end cap, be provided with O-ring seals and skeleton radial direction seal ring, degree of protection is IP65, IP67 or IP68, has met the instructions for use that has cooling fluid to spray the Digit Control Machine Tool under environment, has expanded range of application.
Embodiment 2
The double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor of three-phase, comprises machine shaft 1, radiation ring 2, electric machine stator iron 3 and armature winding 4 as rotor yoke,
The double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor of a kind of three-phase, comprise motor shaft 1, radiation ring 2, electric machine stator iron 3 and armature winding 4 as rotor yoke, as shown in Figure 1 to 4, also comprise transducer 7, in the present embodiment, transducer 7 is selected incremental encoder, and as shown in Figure 5, transducer 7 is located in casing 5, the rotating shaft of transducer 7 is fixedly connected with the mode of motor shaft 1 with central axes, and the outside of transducer 7 covers with outer cover plate 71.Other structures are all same with embodiment 1.
When the present embodiment is used, when motor rotation, the signal that can export by the holding wire of the incremental encoder as transducer 7 is known some operating parameters of motor.Other usings method are all same with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor of a kind of three-phase, comprise motor shaft 1, radiation ring 2, electric machine stator iron 3 and armature winding 4 as rotor yoke, also comprise transducer 7, in the present embodiment, transducer 7 is selected absolute value type encoder, transducer 7 is located in casing 5, the rotating shaft of transducer 7 is fixedly connected with the mode of motor shaft 1 with central axes, and the outside of transducer 7 covers with outer cover plate 71.Other structures are all same with embodiment 1.
When the present embodiment is used, when motor rotation, the signal that can export by the holding wire of the incremental encoder as transducer 7 is known some operating parameters of motor.Other usings method are all same with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The double concentrated winding permanent magnet motor of a kind of three-phase, comprise motor shaft 1, radiation ring 2, electric machine stator iron 3 and armature winding 4 as rotor yoke, also comprise transducer 7, in the present embodiment, transducer 7 is selected resolver, transducer 7 is located in casing 5, the rotating shaft of transducer 7 is fixedly connected with the mode of motor shaft 1 with central axes, and the outside of transducer 7 covers with outer cover plate 71.Other structures are all same with embodiment 1.
When the present embodiment is used, when motor rotation, the signal that can export by the holding wire of the incremental encoder as transducer 7 is known some operating parameters of motor.Other usings method are all same with embodiment 1.